CN204087420U - A kind of intelligent smog monitoring system - Google Patents
A kind of intelligent smog monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN204087420U CN204087420U CN201420635112.XU CN201420635112U CN204087420U CN 204087420 U CN204087420 U CN 204087420U CN 201420635112 U CN201420635112 U CN 201420635112U CN 204087420 U CN204087420 U CN 204087420U
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- monitoring system
- intelligent smog
- smog monitoring
- wireless communication
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Abstract
The utility model relates to smoke monitoring field, be specifically related to a kind of intelligent smog monitoring system, comprise: smoke transducer, data acquisition unit, AD conversion unit, control module, display unit and wireless communication unit, the data of data acquisition unit acquires smoke transducer are shown on the display unit by control module and carry out Internet Transmission by wireless communication unit after AD conversion cell translation, the cost effectively can reduce installation while more flexible laying monitoring system, safeguarding.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to smoke monitoring field, is specifically related to a kind of intelligent smog monitoring system.
Background technology
The cost connected by wired mode between the unit of existing smoke detection system, install, safeguarded is higher, and the restriction being undertaken connecting by wired mode is also more.
In view of this, be necessary to provide a kind of intelligent smog monitoring system, the cost effectively can reduce installation while more flexible laying monitoring system, safeguarding.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to solve the problem, and provides a kind of intelligent smog monitoring system, the cost effectively can reduce installation while more flexible laying monitoring system, safeguarding.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is:
A kind of intelligent smog monitoring system, comprise: smoke transducer, data acquisition unit, AD conversion unit, control module, display unit and wireless communication unit, the data of data acquisition unit acquires smoke transducer are shown on the display unit by control module and carry out Internet Transmission by wireless communication unit after AD conversion cell translation.
Further, described intelligent smog monitoring system also comprises: input block, for controlling described intelligent smog monitoring system.
Further, described input block comprises debounce module, for eliminating the shake of key-press input.
Further, described intelligent smog monitoring system also comprises: pilot lamp and buzzer siren, and when the CI of smog exceedes danger coefficient, pilot lamp and buzzer siren are reported to the police by light and sound.
Further, described control module is communicated by serial ports with between wireless communication unit.
Further, described wireless communication unit carries out Internet Transmission by Zigbee protocol.
After adopting said structure, the utility model beneficial effect is: a kind of intelligent smog monitoring system of the present utility model, the cost effectively can reduce installation while more flexible laying monitoring system, safeguarding.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of intelligent smog monitoring system of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the PDIP packing forms structural representation of control module in embodiment of the present utility model;
Fig. 3 is RS-485 interface diagram in embodiment of the present utility model;
Fig. 4 is the typical operating circuit illustraton of model of MAX1487 in embodiment of the present utility model;
Fig. 5 is the waveform schematic diagram of key jitter in embodiment of the present utility model;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of hardware de-twitter circuit in embodiment of the present utility model;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of A/D convertor circuit in embodiment of the present utility model;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the pin row of TLC2543 in embodiment of the present utility model;
Fig. 9 is 1602 pinout tables in embodiment of the present utility model;
Figure 10 is Chinese character code and word character font comparison table in embodiment of the present utility model.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of intelligent smog monitoring system of the present utility model, comprise: smoke transducer 1, data acquisition unit 2, AD conversion unit 3, control module 4, display unit 5 and wireless communication unit 6, the data that data acquisition unit 2 gathers smoke transducer 1 to be presented on display unit 5 by control module 4 and to carry out Internet Transmission by wireless communication unit 6 after AD conversion unit 3 is changed.Wherein, wireless communication unit 6 carries out Internet Transmission by Zigbee protocol.
Intelligent smog monitoring system also comprises: input block 7, for controlling intelligent smog monitoring system.Input block 7 comprises debounce module, for eliminating the shake of key-press input.
Intelligent smog monitoring system also comprises: pilot lamp 8 and buzzer siren 9, and when the CI of smog exceedes danger coefficient, pilot lamp 8 and buzzer siren 9 are reported to the police by light and sound.
Communicated by serial ports between control module 4 with wireless communication unit 6.
Embodiment
Smoke transducer is arranged on the occasion of the household electrical appliance such as parlor and wiring comparatively dense usually.General sensors topside is one and windproof enters mouth, rear portion then with stainless steel slip contact, for being connected with detector base.There is a printed circuit board (PCB) detector inside, and the side on circuit board is provided with an ion chamber, wherein has the radiation source of Am241, and the opposite side on circuit board is provided with that address is intercepted and captured, the circuit of signal transacting and system communication.When detector is arranged on detector base, provides voltage and current to detector by the controlling alarm dish in system, make detector be in duty of awaiting orders.Now the radiation source of detector inside produces ionization in ion chamber inside, automatically forms positive and negative ion, and produces a minimum electric current and voltage.Because equipment and circuit can produce a large amount of smog before combustion, smoke particle enters after mouth enters ion chamber through detector, positive and negative ion wherein can be adsorbed on these smoke particles, causes normal electric current and voltage to change, until will send alerting signal after acquiring a certain degree.Here the analog quantity ion smoke detector NIS-05A that Japan produces is selected.
Control module adopts STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer.STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer is a low-voltage, 8 single-chip microcomputers of high-performance CMOS, sheet include 8k bytes can be repeatedly erasable Flash read-only program memory and the random access data storage (RAM) of 256bytes, device adopts the high density of atmel corp, nonvolatile storage technologies is produced, compatibility standard MCS-51 order set, sheet built-in general-purpose 8 central controllers and Flash storage unit.
STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer has 40 pins, 32 outside two directions' inputing/output (I/O) ports, include 2 outer middle fractures simultaneously, 3 16 programmer timing counters, 2 full duplex serial communication ports, 2 access hole lines, STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer can conventionally be programmed, also can online programming, your original code is downloaded into the relevant single-chip microcomputer of STC by the STC-ISP.exe instrument provided with STC, or programmes with universal programmer.General microprocessor and flash storage combine by it, particularly repeatedly erasable flash storage effectively can reduce cost of development.
STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer has three kinds of packing forms such as PDIP, PQFP/TQFP and PLCC, to adapt to the demand of different product.Its PDIP packing forms as shown in Figure 2.
STC89C51 single-chip microcomputer as control module is connected by serial ports with between wireless communication unit, and the level transferring chip of MAX1487 is the interface module of STC89C51 single-chip microcomputer.
As shown in Figure 3, RS-485 utilizes the signal voltage between signal conductor poor, by transmission line driver, logic level transitions is become potential difference (PD), completes the signal transmission at top; Again by transmission line receiver, some potential difference is converted to logic level, completes the Signal reception of terminal.
For STC89C51 single-chip microcomputer, usually adopt the MAX1487 of MAXIM company as interface chip.
MAX1487 is the miniwatt transceiver of the half-duplex application design of RS-485 communication specially, and it contains a driver and a receiver.Its feature is the driver of tool finite slope, the i.e. digital signal of driver transmission, the slope at its edge is restricted, electromagnetic interference (EMI) (EMI) can be made to reduce to minimum, and reduce the reflections affect produced because cable termination does not mate, therefore can up to the free from error transmission data of the speed of 250kbps.And other does not then possess this function as MAX481, MAX485, will be almost in the accuracy of transmission.The feature of MAX1487 is:
* the limit slope drive device of error-free data transmission
* 0.1 μ A low current closes mode
*-7V ~+12V common-mode input voltage range
* ternary output
* half-duplex operation
* working power is single+5V
* bus can connect 128 transceivers
* current limliting and temperature-sensitive control circuit provide overload protection for driver.
Because the input impedance of MAX1487 is 48K Ω, allow to meet 128 MAX1487 in a bus.The input impedance of the RS-485 receiver of standard is 12K Ω, and bus can connect at most 32 transceivers.So MAX1487 can with other transceiver combination in any, as long as total load is less than or equal to 32 unit loads, then can be connected in bus.So it is feasible for adopting 32 MAX487 to share a bus.Fig. 4 is the typical operating circuit model of MAX1487, and as shown in Figure 4, MAX1487 is octal packaged chip, and following table is its pin explanation.
The differential balance system be made up of MAX1487 transceiver, antijamming capability is strong, and receiver can detect the low signal reaching 200mV, and the data of transmission can be restored outside km, are therefore specially adapted to telecommunication.Therefore MAX1487 is selected to form the communication network meeting RS-485 standard.Select with it should be noted that transmission line and impedance matching.In differential balance system, general twisted-pair feeder of selecting as signal transmssion line because twisted-pair feeder is in length, full symmetric on direction, therefore they to be subject to external interference degree identical, undesired signal occurs with common mode.At receiver ground output terminal because common mode interference is suppressed, so achieve the reliable transmission of signal.And transmit on the transmission line due to signal, if run into the situation of impedance discontinuity, there will be reflex, thus affect the Long Distant Transmit of signal, although MAX1487 can reduce the impact of reflection, or the method for coupling will be adopted to eliminate reflection.Therefore usually can connect the resistance of 120 Ω at the end of transmission line, carry out impedance matching.
Because main frame is only used for receiving data in the present embodiment, only be used for sending data from machine, the MAX1487 chip that therefore main frame can be connected completely /RE and DE two enable pin ground connection, and the two enable termination high level of MAX1487 chip will be connected with from machine, thus realize the serial communication of two machines.
Push-button unit forms primarily of several buttons, and operator, by key in data catalogue, realizes simple man-machine conversation.Button is exactly a simple switch, pushes button, and is equivalent to switch and closes; When button unclamps, be equivalent to switch and disconnect.When closed and disconnected, can there is jitter phenomenon in button, comprise forward position shake and the shake of rear edge.The shaky time of button is generally 5-10ms, and shake may cause the repeatedly process problem of one-touch.Therefore employing measure is needed to eliminate the impact of shake.The oscillogram of key jitter as shown in Figure 5.
The length of button steady closure time is then determined by the actuation of keys of operating personnel, is generally several seconds zero point to the several seconds.Key shake can cause one-touch to be misread repeatedly.For guaranteeing that control module only does single treatment to the once closed of key, key shake must be removed.Read the state of key when key closes stable, and must differentiate that key release deals with after stable again.The shake of button, available hardware or software two kinds of methods.
Hardware debounce: can shake with hardware approach cancel key when bond number is less.Using rest-set flip-flop as conventional hardware de-twitter circuit as shown in Figure 6.In Fig. 6, two NOT-AND gates form a rest-set flip-flop.When button is not pressed, output is 1, and when key is pressed, output is 0.Now namely use the mechanical property of button, make button produce instantaneous disconnection (shake tripping B) because of elasticity shake, button does not return virgin state A, and the state of bistable circuit does not change, and exports and remains 0, can not produce the waveform of shake.That is, even if the voltage waveform of B point is shake (namely having spring), but after bistable circuit, it exports as regular (namely without spring) square wave.
Software debounce: if button is more, needs design debounce function, namely detects that key performs a delay procedure after closed, produce the time delay of 5ms ~ 10ms, detect the state of key after allowing forward position shake disappearance again, if be still kept closed level, then confirm as and really have key to press.After button release being detected, also to give the time delay of 5ms ~ 10ms, until after disappear along shake after just can proceed to the handling procedure of this key.
As shown in Figure 7, the electric signal gathered due to smoke transducer is general very little, and there is common mode component, need to amplify through amplifying circuit, and AD conversion can be carried out afterwards, therefore also comprise amplifying circuit in AD conversion unit, amplifying circuit adopts instrument amplifier AD623, carry out precision to the signal from smoke transducer to amplify, suppress common mode component to improve signal quality simultaneously.
AD623 is an integrated single supply instrument amplifier, and it can provide the output of rail to rail under single supply (+3V to+12V).AD623 allows to use single gain setting resistor to carry out gain programming, to obtain better customer flexibility, and meets the industrial standard pin configuration of 8 pins.
The alternating CMRR (AC CMRR) that AD623 increases by providing fabulous increase with gain and error minimally, and there is wider common-mode input range, it can amplify the signal had lower than ground level 150Mv common mode voltage.
The handling characteristics of AD623 is: use an outer meeting resistance to arrange gain G, wherein G can reach 1000, thus brings great convenience to user, and computing formula is G=1+1000K Ω/Rti.The signal exported from smoke transducer is analog quantity, and this analog quantity sends into AD converter after needing amplifier.In Fig. 7, amplifier adopts AD623 instrumentation amplifier to realize, and the signal after amplifier sends into AD converter.In the present embodiment, the New-type mould number converter TLC2543 of Texas Instruments (TI) is adopted, as AD converter.
TLC2543 has the resolution of 12, uses switching capacity Approach by inchmeal technology to complete AD conversion process.The maximum sampling rate provided is 66KSPS, and feed circuit only need 1mA.It, except having converter at a high speed and general control ability, also has serial line interface flexibly.Each device has three control input ends: sheet choosing (CS), I/O clock (I/O CLK) and address date input end (DATA INPUT).It can also pass through the 3 state output terminals (DATA OUT) of a serial and the serial port communication of primary processor or other peripheries, exports transformation result.Controlled by the 8 bit ports/mode of the DATA INPUT pin serial input of programming device high 4 (MSBs) that save, any one in 11 analog input channels can be selected.The pin arrangements of TLC2543 as shown in Figure 8.
Pin illustrates:
AIN0-AIN10 is analog input end.
CS is chip selection signal, from high to low effectively, is inputted by outside.
DATA INPUT is serial data input.
DATA OUT is the tri-state serial output terminal of A/D transformation result.
EOC is EOC end, externally exports.
CLK is I/O clock, is inputted by outside.
REF+ is positive reference voltage end, generally meets+5V.
REF-is negative reference voltage terminal, general ground connection.
VCC is power supply, and generally meeting+5V.GND is power supply ground.
Display unit adopts 1602 LCDs.So-called 1602 refer to that the content of display is 16*2, namely can show two row, often row 16 characters.Character liquid crystal is most based on HD44780 liquid crystal chip on the market at present, and control principle is identical, and the control program therefore write based on HD44780 can be applied to most character mode lcd on the market easily.
LCD for Character Type 1602 has the LCD of 14 lead-foot-lines or 16 lead-foot-lines usually, additional 2 lines are backlight control line, power lead VCC (15 pin) and ground wire GND (16 pin), the LCD of its control principle and 14 pin is just the same, as shown in Figure 9, Chinese character code and word character font comparison table are as shown in Figure 10 for pinout.
The character generation storer (CGROM) of 1602 Liquid Crystal Module inside has stored 160 different dot character figures, as shown in Figure 10, these characters have: the capital and small letter of arabic numeral, English alphabet, conventional symbol and Japanese ideogram etc., each character has a fixing code, the code of the English alphabet " A " such as capitalized is 01000001B (41H), during display, module shows the dot character figure in the 41H of address, and we just can see letter " A ".Character code in Figure 10 and the character code in PC are basically identical.Therefore even can the such method of direct P1='A' when writing C51 character code program to DDRAM.PC just first transfers 41H code to " A " when compiling.
Basic operation sequential:
Read states inputs: RS=L, RW=H, E=H
Export: DB0 ~ DB7=status word
Write command inputs: the pulse of RS=L, RW=L, E=negative edge, DB0 ~ DB7=order code
Export: nothing
Read data inputs: RS=H, RW=H, E=H
Export: DB0 ~ DB7=data
Write data input: the pulse of RS=H, RW=L, E=negative edge, DB0 ~ DB7=data
Export: nothing
The above is only better embodiment of the present utility model, therefore all equivalences done according to structure, feature and the principle described in the utility model patent claim change or modify, and are included in the utility model patent claim.
Claims (6)
1. an intelligent smog monitoring system, it is characterized in that, comprise: smoke transducer, data acquisition unit, AD conversion unit, control module, display unit and wireless communication unit, the data of data acquisition unit acquires smoke transducer are shown on the display unit by control module and carry out Internet Transmission by wireless communication unit after AD conversion cell translation.
2. intelligent smog monitoring system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described intelligent smog monitoring system also comprises: input block, for controlling described intelligent smog monitoring system.
3. intelligent smog monitoring system according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described input block comprises debounce module, for eliminating the shake of key-press input.
4. intelligent smog monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described intelligent smog monitoring system also comprises: pilot lamp and buzzer siren, and when the CI of smog exceedes danger coefficient, pilot lamp and buzzer siren are reported to the police by light and sound.
5. the intelligent smog monitoring system according to Claims 1-4 any one, is characterized in that, described control module is communicated by serial ports with between wireless communication unit.
6. the intelligent smog monitoring system according to Claims 1-4 any one, is characterized in that, described wireless communication unit carries out Internet Transmission by Zigbee protocol.
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| CN201420635112.XU CN204087420U (en) | 2014-10-29 | 2014-10-29 | A kind of intelligent smog monitoring system |
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| CN201420635112.XU CN204087420U (en) | 2014-10-29 | 2014-10-29 | A kind of intelligent smog monitoring system |
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| CN204087420U true CN204087420U (en) | 2015-01-07 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107085909A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-08-22 | 青岛中云时代信息技术有限公司 | A kind of aerosol gases alarm and warning system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107085909A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-08-22 | 青岛中云时代信息技术有限公司 | A kind of aerosol gases alarm and warning system |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20150107 Termination date: 20161029 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |