CN204047277U - A kind of full-automatic grafting machine - Google Patents
A kind of full-automatic grafting machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN204047277U CN204047277U CN201420415734.1U CN201420415734U CN204047277U CN 204047277 U CN204047277 U CN 204047277U CN 201420415734 U CN201420415734 U CN 201420415734U CN 204047277 U CN204047277 U CN 204047277U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of full-automatic grafting machine, just can carry out automatic seedling taking as long as the position that seedling-cultivating tray is placed on regulation is positioned, surface trimming, docking are fixed; Automatically controlled part uses centered by ARM single-chip microcomputer, has that structure is simple, volume is little, arrange the features such as convenient; Mechanical part adopts coordinate system mode accurately to locate, and by seedling automation in seedling on stock and scion, stock and scion is cut by machinery, by the cutting place automatic aligning of stock and scion, achieves the full automatic mechanical of seedling grafting process; And owing to adopting ARM mode to control, have more resource, effectively reduce the complexity of frame for movement.Improve work production efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of full-automatic grafting machine.
Background technology
Due to plant growth characteristics, same plant is when same plot is sowed continuously, and plant is easy to the situations such as rotten of sick generation, and effectively can be avoided the generation of this situation by the mode of seedling grafting.The all semi-automatic grafting machine of existing grafting machine is all by manually going up rootstock seedling and scion seedling, is being fixed by the joint of stock and scion at use Grafting clip, to realize plant grafting.Having follow-on grafting machine to raise the efficiency is by many adding machines mechanical arm on board, enhances productivity by the mode of many people operation simultaneously.The automatically controlled part of above grafting machine uses PLC programming Control, and volume is large, and wiring is many, arranges underaction; Can not carry out full-automatic mode and carry out seedlings picking, cost of labor is larger.
Utility model content
The utility model provides a kind of full-automatic grafting machine.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of full-automatic grafting machine, comprising: main, first point platform, second point of platform, support, touch screen control box, motor erecting bed, stepper motor, shake dish, clip guide rail, clamp holder, supporting traverse, Miho seedling conveyer, Miho seedling Pneumatic rotary arm, fringe seedling pneumatic scissors and positioner, stock conveyer, stock Pneumatic rotary arm and stock pneumatic scissors and positioner;
Miho seedling conveyer and stock conveyer are mounted opposite respectively on the both sides ， Miho seedling Pneumatic rotary arm Hua Dong Lian Jie Miho seedling conveyer of main, and stock Pneumatic rotary arm is slidably connected on stock conveyer; Supporting traverse is located on main platform and the top of Wei Yu Miho seedling conveyer and stock conveyer, fringe seedling pneumatic scissors and positioner are located at one end of supporting traverse Yu Miho seedling Pneumatic rotary arm matches, stock pneumatic scissors and positioner are located at the other end of supporting traverse and stock Pneumatic rotary arm matches, above and below being defined as on the other both sides of main Bu An Zhuan Miho seedling conveyer and stock conveyer;
First point of platform and main be provided with stock conveyer while be abutted against; Second point of platform and main You Miho seedling conveyer while be abutted against; Main, first point platform and second point of platform are all arranged on support;
Shake dish is located at the top of supporting traverse, by clip guide rail, clip is sent to clamp holder, the nursery stock clamping that Miho seedling Pneumatic rotary arm and stock Pneumatic rotary arm are sent here by clamp holder;
Motor erecting bed is located on the support of main below, stepper motor is arranged on motor erecting bed, touch screen control box is located at the top of main, and stepper motor is connected with touch screen control box, Miho seedling Pneumatic rotary arm, stock Pneumatic rotary arm, Miho seedling conveyer and stock conveyer.
Above-mentioned grafting machine entirety adopts strength to drive, and operation is quick, stable, and structure is simple, easy to operate, grafting steady quality, productivity ratio are high.
Main, first, second point platform, all adopt aluminium section bar to assemble, connecting portion is all fixed with bolts.Desktop adopts steel plate to do bottom surface, and top paving insulation black plastic protective layer, conveyer belt is equipped with in centre.
For realizing full automation operation, a stepper motor being housed under main and point platform and table top is installed is used for laying motor, for conveyer belt rotate, Pneumatic rotary arm motion provides power.Main conveyer belt moves along X-axis positive direction, the nursery stock completed for carrying grafting, and point platform conveyer belt move toward one another in Y-axis, coils for mobile cave.
Touch screen control box is grafting machine electric control part fractional bearer, is fixed on main upper surface by screw rod,
The utility model is due to automatically controlled use ARM microcomputer development, more resource is had than PLC mode, so the rotation of Pneumatic rotary arm and pneumatic scissors all adopts Hall electronic inductor to control in the utility model, avoid and use complicated mechanical transmission structure.
Iron block is fixed in scion baffle plate and the scion of Shang Shu Miho seedling conveyer Bao Kuo Miho seedling conveyer belt, She Miho seedling conveyer belt both sides, iron block is fixed in scion Yu Miho seedling conveyer belt is fixed by screw rod, iron block is fixed in scion Yu Miho seedling conveyer belt can not produce relative motion, the rolling bearing that iron block both sides are provided with relative scion barrier slides is fixed in scion, and Miho seedling Pneumatic rotary arm is arranged on scion and fixes on iron block; Stock conveyer comprises stock driving-belt, be located at the stock baffle plate of stock conveyer belt both sides and stock fixes iron block, stock fixes iron block and stock conveyer belt is fixed by screw rod, stock fixes iron block and stock conveyer belt can not produce relative motion, stock fixes the rolling bearing that iron block both sides are provided with relative stock barrier slides, and stock Pneumatic rotary arm is arranged on stock and fixes on iron block.
During work, stepper motor drives scion, stock Pneumatic rotary arm forward-reverse by pinion rotation, carries out accurate running fix.
Above-mentioned stock Pneumatic rotary arm comprises the first stock rotary cylinder, stock stroke adjustable cylinder, stock pneumatic gripping device, stock cutting knife and stock plastic protective sleeve, and the stock that the first stock rotary cylinder 22 is bolted on stock conveyer is fixed on iron block; Stock stroke adjustable cylinder is located on the first stock rotary cylinder, adopts flange to fix between the two; Stock pneumatic gripping device is bolted on stock stroke adjustable cylinder front end; Stock cutting knife is arranged on stock pneumatic gripping device bottom, and employing is bolted on stock pneumatic gripping device, and stock plastic protective sleeve is sleeved on the top of stock Pneumatic manipulator;
Scion Pneumatic rotary arm comprises the first scion rotary cylinder, scion stroke adjustable cylinder, scion pneumatic gripping device, scion cutting knife and scion plastic protective sleeve, and the scion that the first scion rotary cylinder is bolted on scion conveyer is fixed on iron block; Scion stroke adjustable cylinder is located on the first scion rotary cylinder, adopts flange to fix between the two; Scion pneumatic gripping device is bolted on scion stroke adjustable cylinder front end; Scion cutting knife is arranged on scion pneumatic gripping device bottom, and employing is bolted on scion pneumatic gripping device, and scion plastic protective sleeve is sleeved on the top of scion Pneumatic manipulator.
During work, stock Pneumatic rotary arm first moves to X-axis 0 position by stock conveyer, moving to the X-axis position that will capture stock, stock stroke adjustable cylinder stretches out piston rod, stock Pneumatic manipulator clamping plant neck, stock plastic protective sleeve prevents from crushing plant, stock cutting knife stretches out, plant is cut off from bottom, stock stroke adjustable cylinder regains piston rod, X-axis 0 position is moved to by stock conveyer, first stock rotary cylinder dextrorotation turn 90 degrees, by stock light projector and the stock light-receiving device location of stock photoelectric sensor, stock stroke adjustable cylinder stretches out piston rod fine setting location.Turn 90 degrees in dextrorotation by after stock scissor cut, with scion Pneumatic rotary arm in the docking of initial point place, clamp holder send folder, stock pneumatic gripping device release mechanism pawl, stock stroke adjustable cylinder regains piston rod, and the first stock rotary cylinder is rotated counterclockwise 180 Du Yuan roads and returns.The course of work of the scion Pneumatic rotary arm course of work and stock Pneumatic rotary arm is similar, and this is not repeating.
Above-mentioned definition supporting traverse two ends are transversely respectively scion end and stock end;
Fringe seedling pneumatic scissors and positioner comprise: scion pneumatic scissors, second scion rotary cylinder, scion light projector and scion light-receiving device, second scion rotary cylinder is bolted on the scion end of supporting traverse, scion pneumatic scissors is fixed on second scion rotary cylinder by screw rod, scion light projector and scion light-receiving device are fixed by bolts to the place that second scion rotary cylinder bottom does not affect the rotation of first, second scion rotary cylinder, are used for locating nursery stock;
Stock pneumatic scissors and positioner comprise: stock pneumatic scissors, the second stock rotary cylinder, stock light projector and stock light-receiving device, second stock rotary cylinder is bolted on the stock end of supporting traverse, stock pneumatic scissors is fixed on the second stock rotary cylinder by screw rod, stock light projector and stock light-receiving device are fixed by bolts to the place that the second stock rotary cylinder bottom does not affect the rotation of first, second stock rotary cylinder, are used for locating nursery stock.
Photoelectric sensor place Yi Dong Miho seedling is arrived until the light that scion light projector is launched is blocked when second scion Pneumatic rotary arm is rotated counterclockwise 90 degree, scion light-receiving device no signal, stop regulating scion stroke adjustable cylinder, second scion rotary cylinder drives scion pneumatic scissors to turn clockwise 45 degree, shear, return at Yan Yuanlu.Stock place is identical, does not repeat.
Above-mentioned clamp holder send clip to clamp grafting wood interface for being used for, comprise plastic member, miniature pneumatic manipulator, fixing aluminium section bar and standard pin type cylinder, fixing aluminium section bar one end is fixed on supporting traverse, pin type cylinder is placed in fixing aluminium section bar groove, the fixing aluminium section bar other end fixes miniature pneumatic manipulator, plastic member is contained in miniature pneumatic manipulator front end, and the rear end of miniature pneumatic manipulator connects with clip guide rail and connects.
Clip is put in shake dish inside, and the clip guide rail passed through delivers to clamp holder clip auto arrangement, and plastic member inner passage is narrower, when stock and scion slitless connection good after, standard pin type cylinder promotes clip and enters comparatively narrow passage mouth, jaws is opened, and moves to grafting plant interface.Manipulator unclamps, and plant clamped by clip, and miniature pneumatic manipulator is decontroled and recovered initial position.
The automatically controlled part of above-mentioned full-automatic grafting machine adopts modularized design, and electric control part is divided and comprised power module, detection module, ARM one-chip computer module, communication module, human-computer interaction module, the first memory module, relay control module and motor control module;
Power module comprises DC24V and turns DC5V circuit, and DC5V powers to detection module, ARM one-chip computer module, communication module, the first memory module, relay control module and motor control module, and DC24V powers to human-computer interaction module;
Detection module, ARM one-chip computer module, communication module are connected successively with human-computer interaction module, and human-computer interaction module comprises interconnective second memory module and touch screen module, and wherein, the second memory module is connected with communication module;
First memory module, relay control module and motor control module are connected with ARM one-chip computer module respectively;
Above-mentioned touch screen module issues ARM one-chip computer module parameters by communication module, goes out control signal, finely tuned by the data of detection module by ARM one-chip computer module calculating and sending.
System is powered by 24V/10A direct-current switch power supply, by power circuit to 5V power supply supply one-chip computer module, and memory module, motor control module, relay control module, communication module, detection module.Human-computer interaction module adopts 24V Power supply.
Above-mentioned human-computer interaction module also comprises real-time clock.
The core realizing automation grafting is the exactitude position realizing cutting Miho seedling and stock, and in the utility model, the mode of coordinate system is quoted in innovation for this reason, uses stepper motor and Novel photoelectric sensor accurately to locate, and realizes automation docking.
Above-mentioned full-automatic grafting machine, the method for building up of coordinate system is: with main upper surface for horizontal plane, on a surface with the center line of stock conveyer and scion conveyer belt for X-axis, ensure that stock, Miho seedling Pneumatic rotary arm rotating shaft separately apart from initial point apart from identical, vertical direction is Y-axis, after guarantee stock, Miho seedling Pneumatic rotary arm rotates on the same line, apart from clamp holder end 5mm in horizontal direction, place's point is that initial point sets up coordinate system, and the selection of initial point makes clip stretch out and just in time clamps docking point; Cave dish is placed on the initial position that first, second point of platform specify, and because cave dish line-spacing, row are apart from immobilizing, nursery stock is taken regular following, and carrying out smoothly of seedling is got in guarantee.
Stock, scion Pneumatic rotary arm stretch out guide rod gripping nursery stock in Y direction and are getting back to X-axis 0 location point, ensure that the axis of rotation of stock and scion Pneumatic rotary arm is in same coordinate in X-axis; Turn 90 degrees at X-axis 0 location point horizontal rotary, wherein, stock is clockwise, and scion is counterclockwise, uses stock, scion light projector location, regulates stock, scion position, determine stock scion Y-axis position with increased stroke-adjustable gas cylinder; Location completes.
The systems soft ware of above-mentioned full-automatic grafting machine mainly comprises sensor and quantizes analytical function, decision-making process, control program, parameter setting process, display routine, model select program etc.
The method of operating of above-mentioned full-automatic grafting machine comprises the following steps sequentially connected:
First carry out initialization operation when A, system start, then parameters is set, be provided with the cavities size of rear calculating cave dish, as the minimum spacing that pneumatic arm and conveyer belt are transferred in X-axis or Y-axis;
B, judge that whether arm is in X-axis 0 position, is not just move to this position, completes initialization;
If D automatic mode: start mobile Pneumatic rotary arm and walk in X-axis, behind target location, stretch out Pneumatic rotary arm gas pawl clamp nursery stock, get back to X-axis 0 position, dextrorotation turn 90 degrees, and locates with laser linear transducer, adjustment piston rod; Then rotate pneumatic scissors, cut off unwanted, turn 90 degrees in dextrorotation, stock is just in time connected in incision with scion, puts clip clamp otch with clamp holder, unclamps gas pawl and regains piston rod, be rotated counterclockwise 180 degree, get back to original state, carry out next time get seedling operation; After a row takes, control stepper motor on point platform the distance of a cave dish reach cavities, can once circulate, until nursery stock takes to stop and waits for systemic circulation signal next time in a cave dish, stock switch A closes, and scion switch B closes;
If manual mode: identical with automatic mode action, be not all before carrying out each action and judge whether manual debug switch C closes, often close once, complete an action.
Above-mentioned switch C is the master switch of manual mode breaker in middle A and switch B.
Above-mentioned laser linear transducer is protected and is drawn together scion light projector, scion light-receiving device, stock light projector and stock light-receiving device.
The size of seedling culture hole plate is set in man-machine interface by people, cavities number, then stores and issue single-chip microcomputer by communication module.Calculate the distance between nursery stock by single-chip microcomputer, determine X-axis distance by control step motor removing to target location, stretch out the stupefied rear cut-out of pneumatic arm seedlings clamping, returning to X-axis 0 position, after 90 degree of rotations, use infrared-ray location, determine Y-axis position; Then control pneumatic scissors 45 degree shearing, at 90-degree rotation, stock and scion are in same vertical line and be distributed in the two ends up and down of putting binder and dock in incision, put binder Grafting clip and fix at stock and scion joint.Put down grafting, withdraw the arm again control cylinder revolves turnback, and grafting procedures completes, and gets seedling next time.
The NM technology of the utility model is prior art.
A kind of full-automatic grafting machine that has been utility model herein, just can carry out automatic seedling taking as long as the position that seedling-cultivating tray is placed on regulation is positioned, and surface trimming, docking are fixing; Automatically controlled part uses centered by ARM single-chip microcomputer, has that structure is simple, volume is little, arrange the features such as convenient; Mechanical part adopts coordinate system mode accurately to locate, and by seedling automation in seedling on stock and scion, stock and scion is cut by machinery, by the cutting place automatic aligning of stock and scion, achieves the full automatic mechanical of seedling grafting process; And owing to adopting ARM mode to control, have more resource, effectively reduce the complexity of frame for movement.Improve work production efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the automatically controlled part block diagram of the full-automatic grafting machine of the utility model;
Fig. 2 is power circuit;
Fig. 3 memory module circuit;
Fig. 4 is relay control module circuit;
Fig. 5 is communication module circuit;
Fig. 6 is the Cleaning Principle figure of detection module;
Fig. 7 is the On-off signal schematic diagram of detection module;
Fig. 8 is step motor control module map;
Fig. 9 is one-chip computer module figure;
Figure 10 is the full-automatic grafting machine operational flowchart of the utility model;
The structural representation of the full-automatic grafting machine of Figure 11 the utility model;
Figure 12 is the utility model coordinate system schematic diagram;
Figure 13 is fringe seedling conveyer structural representation;
Figure 14 is scion, stock Pneumatic rotary arm structure schematic diagram;
Figure 15 fringe seedling pneumatic scissors and positioner schematic diagram;
Figure 16 clamp holder structural representation.
In figure, 1 main; 2 first points of platforms; 3 second points of platforms; 4 supports; 5 motor erecting beds; 6 shake dishes; 7 touch screen control boxes; 8 Miho seedling conveyers; 9 stock conveyers; 10 Miho seedling Pneumatic rotary arms; 11 fringe seedling pneumatic scissors and positioners; 12 clamp holders; 13 supporting traverses; 14 stock pneumatic scissors and positioners; 15 stock Pneumatic rotary arms; 16 scion conveyer belts; 17 scion baffle plates; Iron block is fixed in 18 scion; 19 stock conveyer belts; 20 stock baffle plates; 21 stocks fix iron block; 22 first stock rotary cylinders; 23 stock stroke adjustable cylinders; 24 stock pneumatic gripping devices; 25 stock cutting knifes; 26 stock plastic protective sleeves; 27 scion plastic protective sleeves; 28 scion cutting knifes; 29 scion pneumatic gripping devices; 30 scion stroke adjustable cylinders; 31 first scion rotary cylinders; 33 scion light projectors; 34 scion light-receiving devices; 35 scion pneumatic scissors; 36 second scion rotary cylinders; 37 stock light projectors; 38 stock light-receiving devices; 39 stock pneumatic scissors; 40 second stock rotary cylinders; 41 plastic members; 42 miniature pneumatic manipulators; 43 fixing aluminium section bars; 44 standard pin type cylinders; 45 clip guide rails.
Embodiment
In order to understand the utility model better, illustrate content of the present utility model further below in conjunction with embodiment, but content of the present utility model is not only confined to the following examples.
Embodiment 1
The full-automatic grafting machine of one as shown in the figure, comprising: main 1, first point platform 2, second point of platform 3, support 4, touch screen control box 7, motor erecting bed 5, stepper motor, shake dish 6, clip guide rail 45, clamp holder 12, supporting traverse 13, fringe seedling conveyer 8, fringe seedling Pneumatic rotary arm 10, fringe seedling pneumatic scissors and positioner 11, stock conveyer 9, stock Pneumatic rotary arm 15 and stock pneumatic scissors 39 and positioner 14;
Fringe seedling conveyer 8 and stock conveyer 9 are mounted opposite on the both sides of main 1 respectively, and fringe seedling Pneumatic rotary arm 10 is slidably connected on fringe seedling conveyer 8, and stock Pneumatic rotary arm 15 is slidably connected on stock conveyer 9; Supporting traverse 13 to be located on main 1 and to be positioned at the top of fringe seedling conveyer 8 and stock conveyer 9, fringe seedling pneumatic scissors and positioner 11 are located at one end of supporting traverse 13 and fringe seedling Pneumatic rotary arm 10 matches, stock pneumatic scissors 39 and positioner 14 are located at the other end of supporting traverse 13 and stock Pneumatic rotary arm 15 matches, above and below the other both sides of main 1 not being installed fringe seedling conveyer 8 and stock conveyer 9 are defined as;
First point of platform 2 with main 1 be provided with stock conveyer 9 while be abutted against; Second point of platform 3 with main 1 be provided with fringe seedling conveyer 8 while be abutted against; Main 1, first point platform 2 and second point of platform 3 are all arranged on support 4;
Shake dish 6 is located at the top of supporting traverse 13, by clip guide rail 45, clip is sent to clamp holder 12, the nursery stock clamping that fringe seedling Pneumatic rotary arm 10 and stock Pneumatic rotary arm 15 are sent here by clamp holder 12;
Motor erecting bed 5 is located on the support 4 below main 1, stepper motor is arranged on motor erecting bed 5, touch screen control box 7 is located at the top of main 1, and stepper motor is connected with touch screen control box 7, fringe seedling Pneumatic rotary arm 10, stock Pneumatic rotary arm 15, fringe seedling conveyer 8 and stock conveyer 9.
Iron block 18 is fixed in scion baffle plate 17 and the scion of fringe seedling conveyer 8 Bao Kuo Miho seedling conveyer belt, She Miho seedling conveyer belt both sides, scion is fixed iron block 18 Yu Miho seedling conveyer belt and is fixed by screw rod, iron block 18 Yu Miho seedling conveyer belt is fixed in scion can not produce relative motion, the rolling bearing that iron block 18 both sides are provided with the slip of relative scion baffle plate 17 is fixed in scion, and fringe seedling Pneumatic rotary arm 10 is arranged on scion and fixes on iron block 18; Stock conveyer 9 comprises stock driving-belt, be located at the stock baffle plate 20 of stock conveyer belt 19 both sides and stock fixes iron block 21, stock is fixed iron block 21 and is fixed by screw rod with stock conveyer belt 19, stock fixes iron block 21 can not produce relative motion with stock conveyer belt 19, stock fixes the rolling bearing that iron block 21 both sides are provided with the slip of relative stock baffle plate 20, and stock Pneumatic rotary arm 15 is arranged on stock and fixes on iron block 21.
Stock Pneumatic rotary arm 15 comprises the stock that the first stock rotary cylinder 22, stock stroke adjustable cylinder 23, stock pneumatic gripping device 24, stock cutting knife 25 and stock plastic protective sleeve 26, first stock rotary cylinder 2222 be bolted on stock conveyer 9 and fixes on iron block 21; Stock stroke adjustable cylinder 23 is located on the first stock rotary cylinder 22, adopts flange to fix between the two; Stock pneumatic gripping device 24 is bolted on stock stroke adjustable cylinder 23 front end; Stock cutting knife 25 is arranged on stock pneumatic gripping device 24 bottom, and employing is bolted on stock pneumatic gripping device 24, and stock plastic protective sleeve 26 is sleeved on the top of stock Pneumatic manipulator;
Scion Pneumatic rotary arm comprises the scion that the first scion rotary cylinder 31, scion stroke adjustable cylinder 30, scion pneumatic gripping device 29, scion cutting knife 28 and scion plastic protective sleeve 27, first scion rotary cylinder 31 be bolted on scion conveyer and fixes on iron block 18; Scion stroke adjustable cylinder 30 is located on the first scion rotary cylinder 31, adopts flange to fix between the two; Scion pneumatic gripping device 29 is bolted on scion stroke adjustable cylinder 30 front end; Scion cutting knife 28 is arranged on scion pneumatic gripping device 29 bottom, and employing is bolted on scion pneumatic gripping device 29, and scion plastic protective sleeve 27 is sleeved on the top of scion Pneumatic manipulator.
Supporting traverse 13 two ends are transversely respectively scion end and stock end;
Fringe seedling pneumatic scissors and positioner 11 comprise: scion pneumatic scissors 35, second scion rotary cylinder 36, scion light projector 33 and scion light-receiving device 34, second scion rotary cylinder 36 is bolted on the scion end of supporting traverse 13, scion pneumatic scissors 35 is fixed on second scion rotary cylinder 36 by screw rod, scion light projector 33 and scion light-receiving device 34 are fixed by bolts to the place that second scion rotary cylinder 36 bottom does not affect the rotation of first, second scion rotary cylinder 36, are used for locating nursery stock;
Stock pneumatic scissors 39 and positioner 14 comprise: stock pneumatic scissors 39, second stock rotary cylinder 40, stock light projector 37 and stock light-receiving device 38, second stock rotary cylinder 40 is bolted on the stock end of supporting traverse 13, stock pneumatic scissors 39 is fixed on the second stock rotary cylinder 40 by screw rod, stock light projector 37 and stock light-receiving device 38 are fixed by bolts to the place that the second stock rotary cylinder 40 bottom does not affect the rotation of first, second stock rotary cylinder 40, are used for locating nursery stock.
Clamp holder 12 is used for sending clip to clamp grafting wood interface, comprise plastic member 41, miniature pneumatic manipulator 42, fixing aluminium section bar 43 and standard pin type cylinder 44, fixing aluminium section bar 43 one end is fixed on supporting traverse 13, pin type cylinder is placed in fixing aluminium section bar 43 groove, fixing aluminium section bar 43 other end fixes miniature pneumatic manipulator 42, plastic member 41 is contained in miniature pneumatic manipulator 42 front end, and the rear end of miniature pneumatic manipulator 42 connects with clip guide rail 45 and connects.
Concrete grammar: stock side, stock Pneumatic rotary arm 15 moves to target X-axis position and stretches out piston rod, and------the pneumatic tong of stock clamps plant, and------stock cutting knife 25 cuts off plant, and------stock Pneumatic rotary arm 15 moves to X-axis 0 position, and------dextrorotation of stock Pneumatic rotary arm 15 turn 90 degrees, and------------stock pneumatic scissors 39 is sheared, and------dextrorotation of-stock Pneumatic rotary arm 15 turn 90 degrees, and------clamp holder 12 send folder------to clamp grafting to regulate stock stroke adjustable cylinder 23 positioning plant, clamp holder 12 unclamps------Pneumatic rotary arm and regains, and be rotated counterclockwise 180 degree.When step motor control after a line completes divides the distance of moving a cavities in face of platform roller tray, carry out seedlings picking next time, until dish upper nursery stock in cave has all connect; Once executive signal in wait.
The action basic simlarity at scion nursery stock place and stock nursery stock place, just Pneumatic rotary arm 2 becomes and is rotated counterclockwise.
As shown in Figure 1, the automatically controlled part of full-automatic grafting machine adopts modularized design, and electric control part is divided and comprised power module, detection module, ARM one-chip computer module, communication module, human-computer interaction module, the first memory module, relay control module and motor control module;
Power module comprises DC24 and turns DC5 circuit, and DC5 powers to detection module, ARM one-chip computer module, communication module, the first memory module, relay control module and motor control module, and DC24 powers to human-computer interaction module;
Detection module, ARM one-chip computer module, communication module are connected successively with human-computer interaction module, and human-computer interaction module comprises interconnective second memory module and touch screen module, and wherein, the second memory module is connected with communication module;
First memory module, relay control module and motor control module are connected with ARM one-chip computer module respectively;
Above-mentioned touch screen module issues ARM one-chip computer module parameters by communication module, goes out control signal, finely tuned by the data of detection module by ARM one-chip computer module calculating and sending.
Power circuit
Fig. 2 is power module, and DC24V is through diode D44 unidirectional protection, and transient diode D51 protects, C11, C13 filtering, is input to voltage stabilizing chip U3, and polar capacitor C16, inductance L 1 form output filter circuit, and R7, D50 form power indicating circuit.This power supply has the function such as short-circuit protection, overcurrent protection.Adopt switch voltage-stabilizing integrated circuit LM2596; output current is large; overcurrent protection have employed Transient Voltage Suppressor P6KE33A; when the two poles of the earth of P6KE33A are subject to reverse transient state high energy impact events; the high impedance of its two interpolar can be become Low ESR by rapidly; absorb the surge power up to thousands of watts, the voltage of two interpolars is dragged down rapidly, effectively protect the precision components in Subsequent electronic circuit.
First, second memory module circuit
System adopts between EEPROM bus connected storage and single-chip microcomputer, memory adopts AT24CL1024, and this chip is 2 line serial EEPROMs, can bidirectional data transfers, have 1048576 erasable except memory and 131072 byte read-only storages, data can be retained 40 years.Circuit diagram is as Fig. 3.
Relay control module
Relay control module major function is the adhesive Controlling solenoid valve by relay, thus controls the in rotary moving of outer inside casing.Because the driving force of single-chip I/O mouth is limited, employ a Current amplifier chip ULN2803, effectively can increase driving force thus the adhesive of control relay, prevent interference, as Fig. 4.
Communication module
Adopt serial communication between single-chip microcomputer and touch screen, MAX232 is a kind of two set drive/receiver, containing a capacitive voltage generator in sheet, can provide EIA/TIA/-232-E level when 5V power voltage supply.Use simple and stable high.On 10 pin being connected on single-chip microcomputer respectively by 11 and 12 pin of MAX232 and 9 pin, as Fig. 5.
Detection module
Detection module is mainly used to detect pneumatic gripping device, whether put binder working properly; Location nursery stock, prevents from rotating rear nursery stock apart from too far away, can not grafting, and use the laser linear transducer LA510 of PANASONIC, 24V direct current supply, minimum detection object 0.1mm, exports as 1-5V analog voltage, be made up of light projector and light-receiving device.Analog signal access binding post, detects the voltage on precision resister R48, meets Chip Microcomputer A/D mouth Cleaning Principle figure and see Fig. 6.Magnetic induction switch and Hall switch being housed in each cylinder, because magnetic induction switch is on-off model, adding light-coupled isolation to prevent interference.8 way switch amounts input (principle is shown in Fig. 7), switching signal DIN12 isolates through optocoupler tpl521-4, on-off model is changed into signal of telecommunication DCH12, receives input 1 pin of CD4051 equally, then receive biography single-chip microcomputer through coding three binary system control input ends A, B, C.All the other all roads are that same mode accesses, and do not enumerate herein.
Motor control module
24V electricity power supply model TDA209-S also selected by stepper motor, for reducing vibrations, uses electric drilling match driver DA4550A.The pulse signal of stepper motor driver and direction control signal can be produced by recycling timer interruption by the I/O port of single-chip microcomputer, do a step isolation for preventing interference optocoupler.10th pin of single-chip microcomputer and 11 pin output pulse signals, meet optocoupler crus secunda PB0 and the 4th pin PB1, and direction control signal is that single-chip microcomputer the 12nd is named and meets optocoupler the 6th pin and PB2.Schematic diagram is shown in Fig. 8
Human-computer interaction module
Human-computer interaction module is mainly used to parameters and display interface animation.Prestige synthetic fibre is adopted to lead to MT607iH touch-screen, internal memory, real-time clock, serial communication interface.Be connected by RS232 or RS485 with single-chip microcomputer.Arranged the relevant parameter of seedling-cultivating tray by touch screen interface, the initial position of seedling-cultivating tray placed in record, starts the master switch controlled as work.
One-chip computer module
One-chip computer module is mainly used to calculate pneumatic arm will the distance of movement; Whether mobile phone pneumatic gripping device normally carries out adjusting and place the forward travel distance needing grafting nursery stock conveyer belt with the on-off model putting binder and nursery stock location.Data volume is larger, therefore single-chip microcomputer adopts atmega128, is 8 AVR microprocessors of high-performance, low-power consumption, there is 128KB Flash inside, the EEPROM of 4K SRAM, 4K, 8 10, tunnel A/D change, 28, passage PWM, the PWM of 6 tunnel resolution (2 to 16) able to programme, 76 programmable I/O mouths, wherein JTAG1 is download program mouth, complete the programming of program, for systemic-function realizes providing the foundation and ensureing.AIN0-AIN3 is that analog input meets self AD, D_A, D_B, D_C connect switching value input circuit, and JR1 to JR8 contact relay output circuit, TXD RXD connects telecommunication circuit.See Fig. 9
The foundation of coordinate system
The core realizing automation grafting is the exactitude position realizing cutting Miho seedling and stock, and in the utility model, the mode of coordinate system is quoted in innovation for this reason, uses stepper motor and Novel photoelectric sensor accurately to locate, and realizes automation docking.With main 11 upper surfaces for horizontal plane, on a surface with the center line of stock conveyer 9 and scion conveyer belt 16 for X-axis (ensure that the respective rotating shaft of stock fringe seedling Pneumatic rotary arm 10 apart from initial point apart from identical) vertical direction is Y-axis (ensures that stock and fringe seedling Pneumatic rotary arm 10 rotate after on the same line), in horizontal direction apart from clamp holder 12 end 5mm (clip stretches out and just in time clamps docking point) place's point be that initial point sets up coordinate system.Cave dish is placed on the initial position that point platform specify, and because cave dish line-spacing, row distance immobilize, nursery stock is taken regular following, and carrying out smoothly of seedling is got in guarantee.
Pneumatic rotary arm stretches out guide rod gripping nursery stock in Y direction and is getting back to X-axis 0 location point, ensure that the axis of rotation of stock and scion Pneumatic rotary arm is in same coordinate in X-axis; Turn 90 degrees (stock is clockwise, and scion is counterclockwise) at X-axis 0 location point horizontal rotary, use photoelectric sensor location increased stroke-adjustable gas cylinder to regulate stock, scion position, determine stock scion Y-axis position; Location completes.Coordinate system is shown in accompanying drawing 2
Systems soft ware
Systems soft ware mainly comprises sensor and quantizes analytical function, decision-making process, control program, parameter setting process, display routine, model select program etc.Flow chart is as Figure 10.First carry out initialization operation when system starts, then parameters is set, be provided with the cavities size of rear calculating cave dish, as the minimum spacing that pneumatic arm and conveyer belt are transferred in X-axis or Y-axis.Judge that whether arm is in X-axis 0 position, is not just move to this position, completes initialization.Automatic mode: start mobile pneumatic arm and walk in X-axis, stretch out Pneumatic rotary arm gas pawl and clamp nursery stock behind target location, get back to X-axis 0 position, dextrorotation turn 90 degrees, and locates with Panasonic's laser linear transducer, adjustment piston rod; Then rotate pneumatic scissors, cut off unwanted, turn 90 degrees in dextrorotation, stock is just in time connected in incision with scion, puts clip clamp otch with clamp holder 12, unclamps gas pawl and regains piston rod, be rotated counterclockwise 180 degree, get back to original state, carry out next time get seedling operation.After a row takes, the stepper motor controlled on point platform coils cave the distance of a reach cavities, can once circulate, until an interior nursery stock of cave dish takes to stop wait for systemic circulation signal (stock switch A closes, and scion switch B closes) next time.Manual mode is identical with automatic mode action, is a kind of manual transfer pattern, for adjusting position contraposition, not being all and judging whether switch C closes before carrying out each action, often closes once, completes an action.
Claims (6)
1. a full-automatic grafting machine, is characterized in that: comprising: main, first point platform, second point of platform, support, touch screen control box, motor erecting bed, stepper motor, shake dish, clip guide rail, clamp holder, supporting traverse, Miho seedling conveyer, Miho seedling Pneumatic rotary arm, fringe seedling pneumatic scissors and positioner, stock conveyer, stock Pneumatic rotary arm and stock pneumatic scissors and positioner;
Miho seedling conveyer and stock conveyer are mounted opposite respectively on the both sides ， Miho seedling Pneumatic rotary arm Hua Dong Lian Jie Miho seedling conveyer of main, and stock Pneumatic rotary arm is slidably connected on stock conveyer; Supporting traverse is located on main platform and the top of Wei Yu Miho seedling conveyer and stock conveyer, fringe seedling pneumatic scissors and positioner are located at one end of supporting traverse Yu Miho seedling Pneumatic rotary arm matches, stock pneumatic scissors and positioner are located at the other end of supporting traverse and stock Pneumatic rotary arm matches, above and below being defined as on the other both sides of main Bu An Zhuan Miho seedling conveyer and stock conveyer;
First point of platform and main be provided with stock conveyer while be abutted against; Second point of platform and main You Miho seedling conveyer while be abutted against; Main, first point platform and second point of platform are all arranged on support;
Shake dish is located at the top of supporting traverse, by clip guide rail, clip is sent to clamp holder, the nursery stock clamping that Miho seedling Pneumatic rotary arm and stock Pneumatic rotary arm are sent here by clamp holder;
Motor erecting bed is located on the support of main below, stepper motor is arranged on motor erecting bed, touch screen control box is located at the top of main, and stepper motor is connected with touch screen control box, Miho seedling Pneumatic rotary arm, stock Pneumatic rotary arm, Miho seedling conveyer and stock conveyer.
2. full-automatic grafting machine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that iron block is fixed in: Miho seedling conveyer Bao Kuo Miho seedling conveyer belt, the scion baffle plate of She Miho seedling conveyer belt both sides and scion, iron block is fixed in scion Yu Miho seedling conveyer belt is fixed by screw rod, iron block is fixed in scion Yu Miho seedling conveyer belt can not produce relative motion, the rolling bearing that iron block both sides are provided with relative scion barrier slides is fixed in scion, and Miho seedling Pneumatic rotary arm is arranged on scion and fixes on iron block; Stock conveyer comprises stock driving-belt, be located at the stock baffle plate of stock conveyer belt both sides and stock fixes iron block, stock fixes iron block and stock conveyer belt is fixed by screw rod, stock fixes iron block and stock conveyer belt can not produce relative motion, stock fixes the rolling bearing that iron block both sides are provided with relative stock barrier slides, and stock Pneumatic rotary arm is arranged on stock and fixes on iron block.
3. full-automatic grafting machine as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: stock Pneumatic rotary arm comprises the first stock rotary cylinder, stock stroke adjustable cylinder, stock pneumatic gripping device, stock cutting knife and stock plastic protective sleeve, and the stock that the first stock rotary cylinder 22 is bolted on stock conveyer is fixed on iron block; Stock stroke adjustable cylinder is located on the first stock rotary cylinder, adopts flange to fix between the two; Stock pneumatic gripping device is bolted on stock stroke adjustable cylinder front end; Stock cutting knife is arranged on stock pneumatic gripping device bottom, and employing is bolted on stock pneumatic gripping device, and stock plastic protective sleeve is sleeved on the top of stock Pneumatic manipulator;
Scion Pneumatic rotary arm comprises the first scion rotary cylinder, scion stroke adjustable cylinder, scion pneumatic gripping device, scion cutting knife and scion plastic protective sleeve, and the scion that the first scion rotary cylinder is bolted on scion conveyer is fixed on iron block; Scion stroke adjustable cylinder is located on the first scion rotary cylinder, adopts flange to fix between the two; Scion pneumatic gripping device is bolted on scion stroke adjustable cylinder front end; Scion cutting knife is arranged on scion pneumatic gripping device bottom, and employing is bolted on scion pneumatic gripping device, and scion plastic protective sleeve is sleeved on the top of scion Pneumatic manipulator.
4. the full-automatic grafting machine as described in claim 1-3 any one, is characterized in that: supporting traverse two ends are transversely respectively scion end and stock end;
Fringe seedling pneumatic scissors and positioner comprise: scion pneumatic scissors, second scion rotary cylinder, scion light projector and scion light-receiving device, second scion rotary cylinder is bolted on the scion end of supporting traverse, scion pneumatic scissors is fixed on second scion rotary cylinder by screw rod, scion light projector and scion light-receiving device are fixed by bolts to the place that second scion rotary cylinder bottom does not affect the rotation of first, second scion rotary cylinder, are used for locating nursery stock;
Stock pneumatic scissors and positioner comprise: stock pneumatic scissors, the second stock rotary cylinder, stock light projector and stock light-receiving device, second stock rotary cylinder is bolted on the stock end of supporting traverse, stock pneumatic scissors is fixed on the second stock rotary cylinder by screw rod, stock light projector and stock light-receiving device are fixed by bolts to the place that the second stock rotary cylinder bottom does not affect the rotation of first, second stock rotary cylinder, are used for locating nursery stock.
5. the full-automatic grafting machine as described in claim 1-3 any one, it is characterized in that: clamp holder is used for sending clip to clamp grafting wood interface, comprise plastic member, miniature pneumatic manipulator, fixing aluminium section bar and standard pin type cylinder, fixing aluminium section bar one end is fixed on supporting traverse, pin type cylinder is placed in fixing aluminium section bar groove, the fixing aluminium section bar other end fixes miniature pneumatic manipulator, plastic member is contained in miniature pneumatic manipulator front end, and the rear end of miniature pneumatic manipulator connects with clip guide rail and connects.
6. the full-automatic grafting machine as described in claim 1-3 any one, it is characterized in that: the automatically controlled part of full-automatic grafting machine adopts modularized design, and electric control part is divided and comprised power module, detection module, ARM one-chip computer module, communication module, human-computer interaction module, the first memory module, relay control module and motor control module;
Power module comprises DC24 and turns DC5 circuit, and DC5 powers to detection module, ARM one-chip computer module, communication module, the first memory module, relay control module and motor control module, and DC24 powers to human-computer interaction module;
Detection module, ARM one-chip computer module, communication module are connected successively with human-computer interaction module, and human-computer interaction module comprises interconnective second memory module and touch screen module, and wherein, the second memory module is connected with communication module;
First memory module, relay control module and motor control module are connected with ARM one-chip computer module respectively;
Described touch screen module issues ARM one-chip computer module parameters by communication module, goes out control signal, finely tuned by the data of detection module by ARM one-chip computer module calculating and sending.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420415734.1U CN204047277U (en) | 2014-07-25 | 2014-07-25 | A kind of full-automatic grafting machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420415734.1U CN204047277U (en) | 2014-07-25 | 2014-07-25 | A kind of full-automatic grafting machine |
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| CN204047277U true CN204047277U (en) | 2014-12-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201420415734.1U Withdrawn - After Issue CN204047277U (en) | 2014-07-25 | 2014-07-25 | A kind of full-automatic grafting machine |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104082049A (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2014-10-08 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Full-automatic grafting machine |
| CN108886996A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2018-11-27 | 聊城大学 | A kind of grafting clamping of automatic charging and cutter device and its engrafting method |
| CN111279899A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-06-16 | 关玉荣 | Nursery stock cuttage preprocessing device |
-
2014
- 2014-07-25 CN CN201420415734.1U patent/CN204047277U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104082049A (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2014-10-08 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Full-automatic grafting machine |
| CN104082049B (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2015-12-09 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of full-automatic grafting machine |
| CN108886996A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2018-11-27 | 聊城大学 | A kind of grafting clamping of automatic charging and cutter device and its engrafting method |
| CN108886996B (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2024-05-24 | 常宁市山茶油生态农业开发有限公司 | Automatic feeding grafting clamping and cutting device and grafting method thereof |
| CN111279899A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-06-16 | 关玉荣 | Nursery stock cuttage preprocessing device |
| CN111279899B (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2022-01-04 | 中景园生态建设有限公司 | Nursery stock cuttage preprocessing device |
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