CN204036144U - Nano-fluid micro lubricating electrostatic atomization controllable jet turning system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of nano-fluid micro lubricating electrostatic atomization controllable jet turning system, comprise: adjustable multi-cathode power supply, adjustable multi-cathode power supply has negative pole interface and at least one anode interface of multiple different voltage, and each negative pole interface works independently of one another; Interior cold lathe tool is respectively equipped with built-in integrated nozzle and external integrated nozzle, and the vicinity that described two nozzles are distributed in lathe tool provides lubricant medium for turning; Described two nozzles are connected with lubricating system with trace amount respectively by cold hole in interior cold lathe tool inside; Described two nozzles also connect from the different negative pole interfaces of adjustable multi-cathode power supply respectively by wire simultaneously; Magnetic coupling is connected by the anode interface of wire with adjustable multi-cathode power supply, and is arranged on interior cold lathe tool, and this wire is ground connection simultaneously.The utility model realizes controlled distribution in course of injection, improves the uniformity of spectrum of fog drop, deposition efficiency and liquid effective rate of utilization, controls the droplet characteristics of motion, reduces the pollution to environment.

Description

Nano-fluid micro lubricating electrostatic atomization controllable jet turning system

Technical field

The utility model relates to turning nano particle micro-lubricating cutting liquid electrostatic atomization apparatus in a kind of machining, is specially a kind of nano-fluid micro lubricating electrostatic atomization controllable jet turning system.

Background technology

Minimal Quantity Lubrication Technology is also known as MQL (Minimal Quantity Lubrication) technology, it is mixed with the compressed air with certain pressure by the lubricating fluid of denier and is atomized, be injected into grinding area, effectively lubricating is carried out to the contact surface of emery wheel and abrasive dust, emery wheel and workpiece.This technology, under the prerequisite ensureing effective lubrication and cooling effect, uses minimal grinding fluid (being about the some thousandths of of traditional cast-type lubricating system consumption), to reduce costs and the pollution to environment and the injury to human body.

Nanometer jet micro lubricating is set up based on enhanced heat exchange theory, and from enhanced heat exchange theory, the heat-transfer capability of solid is much larger than liquids and gases.The thermal conductivity factor of the solid material several order of magnitude larger than fluent material under normal temperature.In micro lubricating medium, add solids, significantly can increase the thermal conductivity factor of fluid media (medium), improve the ability of convective heat transfer, greatly make up the defect of micro lubricating cooling capacity deficiency.In addition, nano particle (referring to the ultra-fine minute solid particles being of a size of 1-100nm) also has the tribological properties such as special antiwear and antifriction and high bearing capacity in lubrication and friction.Nanoscale solids particle adds in micro lubricating fluid media (medium) by nanometer jet micro lubricating exactly makes nano-fluid, namely sprays into grinding area with pattern after nano particle, lubricant (oil or oil water mixture) and gases at high pressure mixed aerosol.

At present, trace profit cutting fluid, under the rolling action of gases at high pressure, can be dispersed in surrounding environment in nanometer jet process.When nano-fluid is ejected into surface of the work can there is bounce-back thus be dispersed in air in part cutting fluid, pollutes the environment on the one hand, reduces the cooling and lubricating effect of micro-lubricating cutting liquid on the other hand.Nowadays we just to show great attention to when using Minimal quantity of lubrication oil lubricating fluid and cooling fluid to the impact of operator ' s health, as, operating personnel can obtain various respiratory disease, comprise occupational asthma, hylactic pneumonia, PFT forfeiture and skin disease as allergy, oily acne and cutaneum carcinoma etc.The industrial focus of micro lubricating take air as the potential health hazard that the droplet of power brings to operating personnel.At micro lubricating be that in the injection of power, droplet no longer suffers restraints after ejecting with compressed air, its motion is no longer controlled, can spread, the series of problems such as drift.But the appearance of these problems can make the small droplet of particle be diffused in working environment, not only environment is caused and pollute greatly but also great health hazard can be caused to staff.Even various occupational disease can be caused when the size of droplet is less than 4 μm.Even if expose according to the reality report short time and also may damage PFT in such a case.The exposure limit concentration of U.S.'s occupational safety and health research institute suggestion mineral oil droplet is 0.5mg/m for this reason ³.In order to ensure the health of staff, must be controlled fine droplet in micro lubricating process, be reduced diffusing capacity.

Utility model patent: in a kind of, cold lathe tool (patent No. is: ZL200920061889.9) discloses a kind of interior cold lathe tool; It comprises cutter hub, blade and pressing plate, offers through hole in cutter hub, and this through hole one end is connected with feed pipe; Offer the delivery hole with through hole conducting in pressing plate, this delivery hole is provided with liquid outlet, and liquid outlet is just to the rake face of blade; In work process, blade cut workpiece, and produce chip in rake face side, cooling fluid is delivered in cutter hub through feed pipe, after through hole and delivery hole, sprays from liquid outlet, be injected in rake face from the cooling fluid of liquid outlet ejection, be chip cooling rapidly, and wash away chip, blade is lowered the temperature and lubricates; The utility model good cooling results, crudy is high, long service life.

Utility model patent: a kind of interior cold lathe tool (patent No. is: ZL201320113044.6) with liquid feeding structure discloses a kind of interior cold lathe tool with liquid feeding structure, comprise cutter hub, blade, edge bearing and briquetting, described cutter hub shaft is provided with delivery hole, delivery hole outlet connects feed pipe through joint, the first and second liquid outlets that delivery hole inner end is communicated with are arranged at side and the oblique below of blade respectively, the first liquid outlet built with blast tube can 360 degree of revolutions.Cooling fluid is delivered in cutter hub delivery hole through feed pipe joint by the utility model, the two liquid outlet ejections be communicated with through delivery hole inner end, and the cooling fluid sprayed by the first liquid outlet is injected in in chip above blade, and washes away chip; On the cooling fluid back angle that is then injected in blade sprayed by the second liquid outlet and workpiece, both the accurate injection of cooling fluid had been achieved, improve the service efficiency of cooling fluid, save coolant, achieve again and reduce cutter and workpiece surface temperature, lubrication surface of the work, reduce the effect of the friction between cutter and workpiece, improve workpiece quality and reduce tool wear.

Although above two schemes achieves carry out cooling and lubricating by interior cold mode to turnery processing, in cutting fluid course of injection, droplet drift is serious, is dispersed in air and pollutes environment; Cutting fluid deposition is low, and service efficiency is low, does not meet green processing theory, needs to improve.

Utility model patent: nano-fluid electrostatic atomization controllable jet micro lubricating grinding system (patent No. is: ZL201320061299.2) discloses grinding fluid feedway in a kind of machining, be characterized in: its grinding system is provided with corona charging nozzle, the nozzle body of corona charging nozzle is connected with liquid-supplying system, air supply system, the high-magnitude DC electrostatic generator of nozzle body bottom is connected with the negative pole of adjustable high voltage D. C, the positive pole of adjustable high voltage D. C is connected with workpiece power-up device, and workpiece power-up device is attached to the not finished surface of workpiece; Grinding nanometer fluid liquid sends into corona charging nozzle by liquid-supplying system, compressed air is sent into corona charging nozzle by air supply system simultaneously, grinding nanometer fluid liquid by compressed air drive export ejection atomization from nozzle body while by high-magnitude DC electrostatic generator charged be controllable jet, the grinding area being distributed to processing work controlled under the effect of electric field force and aerodynamic force.

But this cover system is only applied to grinding machining working condition, micro-lubricating cutting liquid supply mode is only external poured, and electrostatic atomization jet size is large, precision is low, can not be used for inner-cooled turnery processing.

Utility model content

The utility model is in order to overcome the above problems, provide a kind of nano-fluid micro lubricating electrostatic atomization controllable jet turning system, micro-lubricating cutting liquid droplet is made to realize controlled distribution in course of injection by electrostatic atomization principle, the uniformity of spectrum of fog drop, deposition efficiency and liquid effective rate of utilization can be improved, and effectively can control the characteristics of motion of droplet, thus the pollution reduced environment, for staff provides better health care.

For achieving the above object, the utility model takes following technical scheme:

A kind of nano-fluid micro lubricating electrostatic atomization controllable jet turning system, it comprises:

Adjustable multi-cathode power supply, adjustable multi-cathode power supply has negative pole interface and at least one anode interface of multiple different voltage, and each negative pole interface works independently of one another;

Interior cold lathe tool is respectively equipped with built-in integrated nozzle and external integrated nozzle, and the vicinity that described two nozzles are distributed in lathe tool provides lubricant medium for turning; Described two nozzles to be connected with lubricating system with trace amount respectively by cold hole in interior cold lathe tool inside provides lubricating and cutting fluid; Described two nozzles also connect from the different negative pole interfaces of adjustable multi-cathode power supply respectively by wire simultaneously;

Magnetic coupling is connected by the anode interface of wire with adjustable multi-cathode power supply, and is arranged on interior cold lathe tool, and this wire is ground connection simultaneously.

Described built-in integrated nozzle is fixedly connected with interior cold hole I, and the interior cold hole I port of export and vertical direction angle are α, if lathe tool relief angle is γ, then and 1.2 γ >=α >=γ.

Described built-in integrated nozzle comprises: built-in integrated nozzle support and the built-in integrated nozzle body be arranged on built-in integrated nozzle support; In built-in integrated nozzle support bottom, electrode needle stator is installed, electrode needle stator is installed built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle, built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle is connected with the built-in integrated nozzle wire with insulated hull, built-in integrated nozzle wire passes built-in integrated nozzle support, is provided with insulating fixing device at the place of passing; Then be provided with in built-in integrated nozzle body and secondary-atomizing built-in integrated nozzle body throat is carried out to micro-lubricating cutting liquid.

Described built-in integrated nozzle body lower end is provided with built-in integrated nozzle body draw-in groove, and the diameter of built-in integrated nozzle body draw-in groove is identical with built-in integrated nozzle shelf inner diameter, both interference fit, and is fixedly connected with.

Described built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle adopts refractory metal material, and built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle discharge tip radius r is about 0.2mm, and length is L ₁, bottom is welded in electrode needle stator center; The beeline of described built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle distance between two tips workpiece is:

S ₁=(L+L _s)/cos α+(L ₂-L ₁), discharge inception voltage scope is 2.1499-2.4299KV;

Wherein, built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle length L ₁, the port of export is L apart from cutter base distance, and lathe tool vertical direction thickness is L _s, electrode needle stator upper surface is L apart from built-in integrated nozzle exit end face distance ₂.

Described external integrated nozzle is connected with interior cold hole II, and the external integrated nozzle port of export and horizontal direction angle are β, 45 ° >=β >=60 °.

Described external integrated nozzle comprises: injector electrode mechanism and the blast tube be attached thereto, and blast tube is connected with interior cold hole II; Injector electrode mechanism is provided with external integrated nozzle body, and external integrated nozzle external body is nozzle cover; External integrated nozzle body is provided with electrode annulus, and electrode annulus is provided with multiple external integrated nozzle electrode needle, electrode annulus is connected with wire, and wire to be fixed on nozzle cover by wire capping and to pass wire capping, and the place of passing is provided with fixture; External integrated nozzle body has external integrated nozzle body throat, carries out secondary-atomizing to micro-lubricating cutting liquid; It is inner that described electrode annulus utilizes circlip for hole to be fixed on external integrated nozzle body; Described nozzle cover is provided with metallic channel, and wire is placed in metallic channel; Described fixture is wire fixed plug, and the wire capping wire guide interference fit of wire fixed plug and wire capping, is fixed by tensile force; Described external integrated nozzle electrode needle adopts refractory metal material, and have four, electrode annulus distributes at an angle of 90, centre-to-centre spacing is R, and the exposed length of electrode needle is L ₃.

Described external integrated nozzle electrode needle is c-L apart from the distance of the external integrated nozzle port of export ₃, discharge tip radius r is about 0.5mm; The beeline of described external integrated nozzle electrode needle distance workpiece is: S ₂=a ₁/ cos β-d+ (c-L ₃), discharge inception voltage scope is 10.9565-12.1147KV, and wherein, external integrated nozzle 44 distance of shaft centers is a from the horizontal range of workpiece 19 ₁, the external integrated nozzle port of export and horizontal direction angle are β, 45 °>=β>=60 °; The distance in the injector electrode mechanism exit end face distance vertical section axle center of blast tube is d, and motor annulus rear surface is apart from external integrated nozzle exit end face c, and the exposed length of electrode needle is L ₃.

Described adjustable multi-cathode power supply is made up of AC power unit, direct-flow voltage regulation unit V1, direct-flow voltage regulation unit V2, self-maintained circuit, power amplification circuit, high-frequency impulse stepup transformer, voltage doubling rectifing circuit and constant current automatic control circuit; Input termination AC power, direct-flow voltage regulation unit V1 and direct-flow voltage regulation unit V2 provides DC voltage; Direct-flow voltage regulation unit V1 is as the operating voltage of self-maintained circuit; Direct-flow voltage regulation unit V2 is the main energy sources of power transfer, high-frequency impulse stepup transformer obtains high-pressure electrostatic through voltage doubling rectifing circuit rectification, main pulse signal is obtained by self-maintained circuit, after power amplification circuit amplifies, under the boosting of high-frequency impulse stepup transformer, final output high-voltage signal, through voltage doubling rectifing circuit thus export high direct voltage.

The carrying capacity computing formula of described droplet corona charging is as follows:

$q=f[1+2\frac{k-1}{k+2}]4\mathrm{\π}{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_0{\mathrm{Er}}^2$

In formula $f=\frac{\frac{\mathrm{NeKi}}{4{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_0}t}{\frac{\mathrm{NeKi}}{4{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_0}t+1}$

Q---droplet carrying capacity, C;

K---droplet dielectric constant;

ε ₀---dielectric constant of air, is about 8.85 × 10 ^-12, c ²/ nm ²;

The electric-field intensity that E---corona discharge is formed, V/m;

R---droplet radius, μm;

N---charged ions concentration, population/m ²;

E---electron charge, 1.6 × 10 ^-19, C;

Ki---charged ions mobility, m ²/ (Vs);

T---charging holdup time, s.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: micro-lubricating cutting liquid enters built-in integrated nozzle and external integrated nozzle by cold hole in interior cold lathe tool, achieves the transmission of cutting fluid; Adjustable multi-cathode power supply by negative electricity by being transferred to built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle and external integrated nozzle electrode needle, by positive pole electrical ground and be transferred to workpiece by magnetic coupling, making electrode needle---workpiece area forms corona charging field, to micro-lubricating cutting liquid corona charging, realize electrostatic atomization effect.Micro-lubricating cutting liquid realizes secondary-atomizing when flowing through nozzle throat, plays the effect of effervescent atomizer.In the corona region that micro-lubricating cutting liquid is formed through electrode needle and workpiece, droplet is charged in corona discharge situation, and charge polarity is identical with electrode needle polarity.Electrostatic force overcomes surface tension of liquid, thus causes liquid crushing to be mist droplet, achieves and is atomized the third time of micro-lubricating cutting liquid---electrostatic atomization.Charged Droplet can be effectively directed under electric field force effect be distributed in cutting region, greatly reduce the drift value of spraying, thus greatly enhance the utilization rate of cutting fluid, and then improve lubrication effect and reduce particulate expanding and pollute.Spray by after charged, encircle effect due to the repulsive interaction of like charges and electrostatic and spraying distribution can be made more even.

When the droplet of nozzle ejection is by after charged, displacement under the effect of electric field force, what make its maximum is covered in surface of the work.In charged process, because the nanoparticle surface in micro-lubricating cutting liquid is larger, surface polarity is stronger, after charged, its charge-mass ratio is larger than the charge-mass ratio of droplet, so nano particle is tending towards more early arriving surface of the work, cover oil film lower floor, the exchange capability of heat that can better utilize it desirable like this.In electrostatic field, there is " electrostatic is encircled " effect, therefore when droplet and nano particle are more easily enter into workpiece to have certain roughness depression in the surface place to workpiece motion s, thus expand relative area coverage, better lubrication and heat exchange effect can be played.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the assembling shaft side figure of this embodiment;

Fig. 2 is the interior cold lathe tool front view of this embodiment;

Fig. 3 is the built-in integrated nozzle assembling schematic diagram of this embodiment;

Fig. 4 is the built-in integrated nozzle sectional view of this embodiment;

Fig. 4 a is the upward view of Fig. 4;

Fig. 5 is the built-in integrated nozzle body sectional view of this embodiment;

Fig. 5 a is the upward view of Fig. 5;

Fig. 6 is the built-in integrated nozzle support sectional view of this embodiment;

Fig. 6 a is the upward view of Fig. 6;

Fig. 7 is built-in integrated nozzle electrode stator and the electrode needle schematic diagram of this embodiment;

Fig. 7 a is the upward view of Fig. 7;

Fig. 8 is the external integrated nozzle schematic diagram of this embodiment;

Fig. 9 is the external integrated nozzle partial sectional view of this embodiment;

Figure 10 is the nozzle cover sectional view of this embodiment;

Figure 10 a is the left view of Figure 10;

Figure 11 is external integrated nozzle electrode annulus and the electrode needle schematic diagram of this embodiment;

Figure 11 a is the left view of Figure 11;

Figure 12 is the external integrated nozzle body sectional view of this embodiment;

Figure 12 a is the left view of Figure 12;

Figure 13 is the wire capping sectional view of this embodiment;

Figure 13 a is the left view of Figure 13;

Figure 14 is the external integrated nozzle rigging position schematic diagram of this embodiment;

Figure 15 is the Circuits System schematic diagram of this embodiment;

Wherein, the adjustable multi-cathode power supply of 1-, 2-positive wire, 3-magnetic coupling, 4-cutting fluid joint I, cold lathe tool in 5-, 6-lathe tool compressing tablet, 7-lathe tool vertical columns, 8-cutting fluid joint II, 9-lathe tool, the built-in integrated nozzle of 10-, the external integrated nozzle of 11-, 12-cathode conductor I, 13-cathode conductor II, 14-negative pole interface I, 15-negative pole interface II, 16-anode interface, cold hole I in 17-, cold hole II in 18-, 19-workpiece, 20-insulating plug, the built-in integrated nozzle wire of 21-, the built-in integrated nozzle support of 22-, 23-soket head cap screw I, 24-electrode needle stator, the built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle of 25-, 26-built-in integrated nozzle body throat, the built-in integrated nozzle body of 27-, 28-built-in integrated nozzle body draw-in groove, 29-insulating plug jack, 30-built-in integrated nozzle body support frame screw, 31-electrode needle wire connects hole, 32-electrode needle stator screw, 33-soket head cap screw II, 34-wire fixed plug, the external integrated nozzle wire of 35-, the capping of 36-wire, 37-circlip for hole, the external integrated nozzle electrode needle of 38-, 39-electrode annulus, 40-packing ring, the external integrated nozzle body of 41-, 42-nozzle cover, 43-blast tube, 44-injector electrode mechanism, 45-metallic channel, 46-nozzle cover screw, 47-electrode annulus wire connects hole, 48-electrode annulus through hole, 49-circlip for hole hole, 50-external integrated nozzle body throat, 51-wire capping screw, 52-wire capping wire guide.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model done and illustrate.

As shown in Figure 1, composition graphs 2, nano-fluid micro lubricating electrostatic atomization controllable jet turning system comprises adjustable multi-cathode power supply 1, interior cold lathe tool 5, built-in integrated nozzle 10, external integrated nozzle 11 are formed.Adjustable multi-cathode power supply 1 has negative pole interface (negative pole interface I14, negative pole interface II15) and an anode interface 16 of two different voltages, and described two negative pole interface voltages are adjustable not to be affected mutually.Adjustable multi-cathode power supply 1 transmits negative electricity by cathode conductor I12 to built-in integrated nozzle 10, and adjustable multi-cathode power supply 1 interface is negative pole interface II15; Adjustable multi-cathode power supply 1 transmits negative electricity by cathode conductor II13 to external integrated nozzle 11, and adjustable multi-cathode power supply 1 interface is negative pole interface I14; Adjustable multi-cathode power supply 1 transmits positive pole electricity by positive wire 2 and the inside cold lathe tool 5 of magnetic coupling 3, and adjustable multi-cathode power supply 1 interface is anode interface 16, simultaneously positive wire 2 ground connection.Magnetic coupling 3 is adsorbed in interior cold lathe tool 5 by own magnetic force, and for the transmission of positive pole electricity, lathe tool 9 inserts in lathe tool vertical columns 7, is fixed by lathe tool compressing tablet 6.The arrival end of interior cold hole II18 and interior cold hole I17 is processed as inner bolt hole, and cutting fluid joint II8 and cutting fluid joint I4 is installed on the port of export of interior cold hole II18 and interior cold hole I17 respectively by being threaded.Built-in integrated nozzle 10 is installed on the interior cold hole II18 port of export (the interior cold hole II18 port of export is processed as counter sink), and lubricating system with trace amount is connected to cutting fluid joint II8, transports micro-lubricating cutting liquid by interior cold hole II18 to built-in integrated nozzle 10; External integrated nozzle 11 is installed on the interior cold hole I17 port of export (the interior cold hole I17 port of export is processed as inner bolt hole), and lubricating system with trace amount is connected to cutting fluid joint I4, transports micro-lubricating cutting liquid by interior cold hole I17 to external integrated nozzle 11.

As shown in Figure 3, the interior cold hole I17 port of export is processed as counter sink, and the interior cold hole I17 port of export and vertical direction angle are α (setting lathe tool relief angle as γ, 1.2 γ>=α>=γ), the port of export is L apart from lathe tool 9 bottom surface distance, and lathe tool 9 vertical direction thickness is L _s.Built-in integrated nozzle 10 material adopts SAN-g-PB toughening PVC series, and material has high strength, high tenacity and insulating properties.Built-in integrated nozzle 10 is installed on interior cold hole II18 port of export counter sink, and fixes with AB glue class glue.

As shown in Figure 4, built-in integrated nozzle 10 by: insulating plug 20, built-in integrated nozzle wire 21, built-in integrated nozzle support 22, soket head cap screw I23, electrode needle stator 24, built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle 25, built-in integrated nozzle body 27 are formed.In assembling process, first built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle 25 is welded in electrode needle stator 24 center; Then built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle 25 and electrode needle stator 24 are welded body and insert built-in integrated nozzle support 22, fixed by soket head cap screw I23; The electrode needle wire that built-in integrated nozzle wire 21 one end with insulated hull is welded on built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle 25 is connect hole 31 (as Fig. 5), the other end is through insulating plug 20, be fixed on built-in integrated nozzle support 22 by insulating plug 20, thus built-in integrated nozzle wire 21 is drawn built-in integrated nozzle 10; Finally built-in integrated nozzle body 27 is loaded built-in integrated nozzle support 22 upper end, built-in integrated nozzle body 27 has built-in integrated nozzle body draw-in groove 28 (as Fig. 5), its diameter is identical with built-in integrated nozzle support 22 internal diameter, annexation is interference fit, then is fixed by AB glue class glue.

As shown in Figure 5, composition graphs 6, Fig. 6 a, built-in integrated nozzle body 27 and built-in integrated nozzle support 22 material adopt SAN-g-PB toughening PVC series, and material has high strength, high tenacity and insulating properties.Built-in integrated nozzle body 27 has built-in integrated nozzle body throat 26, plays effervescent atomization effect, thus carry out secondary-atomizing to micro-lubricating cutting liquid in cutting fluid outflow process.Built-in integrated nozzle body 27 has built-in integrated nozzle body draw-in groove 28 (as Fig. 5), and its diameter is identical with built-in integrated nozzle support 22 internal diameter, and annexation is interference fit, then is fixed by AB glue class glue.Built-in integrated nozzle support 22 has built-in integrated nozzle body support frame screw 30, built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle 25 and electrode needle stator 24 weld after body inserts built-in integrated nozzle support 22, and soket head cap screw I23 screws in built-in integrated nozzle body support frame screw 30 and is fixed.Built-in integrated nozzle support 22 has insulating plug jack 29, and insulating plug jack 29 and insulating plug 20 are interference fit relation, and insulating plug 20 is installed in insulating plug jack 29, is fixed by tensile force, for drawing built-in integrated nozzle wire 21.

As shown in Figure 7, built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle 25 material adopts refractory metal material (tungsten etc.), built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle 25 has electrode needle wire and connects hole 31, and the electrode needle wire that built-in integrated nozzle wire 21 one end is welded on built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle 25 connects hole 31 for transferring high voltage electricity.Built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle 25 discharge tip radius r is about 0.2mm, and length is L ₁, bottom is welded in electrode needle stator 24 center.Electrode needle stator 24 material adopts the metal material that electric conductivity is high, electrode needle stator 24 has electrode needle stator screw 32, built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle 25 and electrode needle stator 24 are fixedly welded on built-in integrated nozzle support 22 by electrode needle stator screw 32 by soket head cap screw I23, and electrode needle stator 24 upper surface is L apart from built-in integrated nozzle 10 exit end face distance ₂.Composition graphs 3 and Fig. 4, the beeline that can calculate built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle 25 distance between two tips workpiece is:

S ₁＝(L+L _S)/cosα+(L ₂-L ₁)≈1.3cm。

As shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9, external integrated nozzle 11 is made up of injector electrode mechanism 44 and blast tube 43.Injector electrode mechanism 44 is fixed on blast tube 43 by screw thread, and blast tube 43 lower end has external screw thread, and external integrated nozzle 11 is installed on interior cold hole I17 port of export inner bolt hole by screw thread.The distance in injector electrode mechanism 44 exit end face distance blast tube 43 vertical sections of axle center is d.Injector electrode mechanism 44 is made up of soket head cap screw II33, wire fixed plug 34, external integrated nozzle wire 35, wire capping 36, circlip for hole 37, external integrated nozzle electrode needle 38, electrode annulus 39, packing ring 40, external integrated nozzle body 41, nozzle cover 42.External integrated nozzle electrode needle 38 is welded on electrode annulus 39, then external integrated nozzle electrode needle 38 and electrode annulus 39 is welded body and pushes external integrated nozzle body 41, is fixed on external integrated nozzle body 41 inner by circlip for hole 37.Put into packing ring 40 in nozzle cover 42 inside, nozzle cover 42 is screwed in blast tube 43 and external integrated nozzle body 41 is fixed.After having assembled, external integrated nozzle wire 35 is put into the metallic channel 45 of nozzle cover 42, external integrated nozzle wire 35 one end is through the wire fixed plug 34 be fixed in wire capping 36, guide to outside nozzle, the electrode annulus wire that the other end is welded on electrode annulus 39 connects in hole 47 (as Figure 11).Again wire capping 36 is fixed on nozzle cover 42 by soket head cap screw II33.Motor annulus 39 rear surface is c apart from external integrated nozzle 11 exit end face.

As shown in Figure 10, Figure 10 a, in conjunction with Figure 13, nozzle cover 42 and wire capping 36 material adopt SAN-g-PB toughening PVC series, and material has high strength, high tenacity and insulating properties.Nozzle cover 42 has internal thread, by being connected with blast tube 43.Nozzle cover 42 has metallic channel 45, and metallic channel 45 put into by external integrated nozzle wire 35, and through the wire fixed plug 34 be fixed in wire capping 36, guides to outside nozzle.Wire fixed plug 34 and wire capping wire guide 52 interference fit of wire capping 36, fixed by tensile force.Nozzle cover 42 has nozzle cover screw 46, and wire capping 36 is fixed on nozzle cover 42 by soket head cap screw II33.

As shown in Figure 11, Figure 11 a, external integrated nozzle electrode needle 38 material adopts refractory metal material (tungsten etc.), and electrode annulus 39 adopts the metal material conducted electricity very well.4 external integrated nozzle electrode needle 38 are welded on electrode annulus 39 and distribute at an angle of 90, and centre-to-centre spacing is R, and the exposed length of electrode needle is L ₃.It is c-L that composition graphs 8 can calculate electrode needle apart from the distance of external integrated nozzle 11 port of export ₃.Be electrode annulus through hole 48 in the middle part of electrode annulus 39, electrode annulus 39 be also provided with electrode annulus wire and connect hole 47.

As shown in Figure 12, Figure 12 a, external integrated nozzle body 41 material adopts SAN-g-PB toughening PVC series, and material has high strength, high tenacity and insulating properties.External integrated nozzle body 41 has external integrated nozzle body throat 50, plays effervescent atomization effect, thus carry out secondary-atomizing to micro-lubricating cutting liquid in cutting fluid outflow process.External integrated nozzle body 41 has circlip for hole hole 49, and external integrated nozzle electrode needle 38 and electrode annulus 39 weld body and push external integrated nozzle body 41, is fixed on external integrated nozzle body 41 inner by circlip for hole 37.

In Figure 13, Figure 13 a, wire capping 36 is provided with wire capping screw 51 and wire capping wire guide 52.

As shown in figure 14, external integrated nozzle 11 port of export and horizontal direction angle are β, 45 ° >=β >=60 °.Can calculate external integrated nozzle electrode needle 38 according to the position of external integrated nozzle 11, the beeline of distance workpiece 19 is: S ₂=a ₁/ cos β-d+ (c-L ₃) ≈ 3.5cm.Wherein, external integrated nozzle 44 distance of shaft centers is a from the horizontal range of workpiece 19 ₁, the external integrated nozzle port of export and horizontal direction angle are β, 45 °>=β>=60 °; The distance in the injector electrode mechanism exit end face distance vertical section axle center of blast tube is d, and motor annulus rear surface is apart from external integrated nozzle exit end face c, and the exposed length of electrode needle is L ₃.

As shown in figure 15, adjustable multi-cathode power supply 1 is made up of AC power unit, direct-flow voltage regulation unit V1, direct-flow voltage regulation unit V2, self-maintained circuit, power amplification circuit, high-frequency impulse stepup transformer, voltage doubling rectifing circuit and constant current automatic control circuit.

This programme specific works process is as follows:

Adjustable multi-cathode power supply 1 has the negative pole interface (negative pole interface I14, negative pole interface II15) of two different voltages and an anode interface 16, two negative pole interface voltages are adjustable does not affect mutually.Adjustable multi-cathode power supply 1 transmits negative electricity by cathode conductor I12 to built-in integrated nozzle 10, and adjustable multi-cathode power supply 1 interface is negative pole interface II15; Adjustable multi-cathode power supply 1 transmits negative electricity by cathode conductor I13 to external integrated nozzle 11, and adjustable multi-cathode power supply 1 interface is negative pole interface I14; Adjustable multi-cathode power supply 1 transmits positive pole electricity by positive wire 2 and the inside cold lathe tool 5 of magnetic coupling 3, and adjustable multi-cathode power supply 1 interface is anode interface 16, simultaneously positive wire 2 ground connection.Lubricating system with trace amount is connected to cutting fluid joint II8, transports micro-lubricating cutting liquid by interior cold hole II18 to built-in integrated nozzle 10; Lubricating system with trace amount is connected to cutting fluid joint I4, transports micro-lubricating cutting liquid by interior cold hole I17 to built-in integrated nozzle 11.Built-in integrated nozzle 10 and workpiece 19, between external integrated nozzle 11 and workpiece 19, form corona region.

Secondary-atomizing is realized: because micro-lubricating cutting liquid is biphase gas and liquid flow when micro-lubricating cutting liquid flows through built-in integrated nozzle body throat 26 and external integrated nozzle body throat 50, wherein containing bubble, when biphase gas and liquid flow flows out built-in integrated nozzle body throat 26 and external integrated nozzle body throat 50, pressure in bubble drops to normal pressure suddenly, bubble in two phase flow rapid expansion blasting under the effect of inside and outside differential pressure, plays the effect of effervescent atomizer.When the corona region that micro-lubricating cutting liquid is formed respectively through electrode needle and workpiece 19, droplet is charged in corona discharge situation, and charge polarity is identical with electrode needle polarity.Electrostatic force overcomes surface tension of liquid, thus causes liquid crushing to be mist droplet, achieves and is atomized the third time of micro-lubricating cutting liquid---electrostatic atomization.Because droplet is with the electric charge with electrode needle identical polar, thus orientation is sprayed onto the workpiece 19 with opposite polarity electric charge under the effect of electric field force, substantially reduce the number micro-lubricating cutting liquid sending forth in process to distributing in air, decreasing the pollution of subparticle to environment; And under electrostatic force, droplet is adsorbed in workpiece and improves micro-lubricating cutting liquid cooling but lubricating efficiency.

Corona charging region formation mechenism

Built-in integrated nozzle---workpiece: adjustable multi-cathode power supply 1 carries electric current by cathode conductor I12, and cathodal current is delivered to the built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle 25 of built-in integrated nozzle 10; Positive electrode current is delivered to interior cold lathe tool 5 by positive wire 2 and magnetic coupling 3, and by cold lathe tool 5 interior in ground connection process, electric current is sent to workpiece 19.Magnetic coupling 3 realizes current delivery by the magnetic-adsorption of self on workpiece 19.Built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle 25 tip alignment workpiece 19, because workpiece 19 area is comparatively large, built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle 25 and the structure of its formation for plate, thus define extremely uneven electric field (condition of corona discharge).What the spraying of this electrostatic corona adopted is one pole needle-discharging.The adjustable voltage scope of adjustable multi-cathode power supply 1 is between 2KV to 120KV.Due to pd in working condition ₁(p is the ambient pressure of operating mode to > 26.66kpacm, d ₁for needle plate electrode spacing) so we use streamer theory analysis and do not use the inferior theory of soup.

External integrated nozzle---workpiece: adjustable multi-cathode power supply 1 carries electric current by cathode conductor II13, and cathodal current is delivered to the external integrated nozzle electrode needle 38 of external integrated nozzle 11; Positive electrode current is delivered to interior cold lathe tool 5 by positive wire 2 and magnetic coupling 3, and by cold lathe tool 5 interior in ground connection process, electric current is sent to workpiece 19.Magnetic coupling 3 realizes current delivery by the magnetic-adsorption of self on workpiece 19.External integrated nozzle electrode needle 38 tip alignment workpiece 19, because workpiece 19 area is comparatively large, external integrated nozzle electrode needle 38 and the structure of its formation for plate, thus define extremely uneven electric field (condition of corona discharge).What the spraying of this electrostatic corona adopted is multipole needle-discharging, because each pole needle tip relative distance is comparatively large so do not affect mutual discharge inception voltage, but corona discharge occurs for they can increase electronics between electrode and workpiece and ion concentration dramatically simultaneously, thus the charged efficiency of droplet can be increased, and after their electric field compound, electric field force suffered by droplet also strengthens, and is more conducive to the directed movement of droplet.The adjustable voltage scope of adjustable multi-cathode power supply 1 is between 2KV to 120KV.Due to pd in working condition ₁> 26.66kpacm (p is the ambient pressure of operating mode, and d is needle plate electrode spacing) is so we use streamer theory analysis and do not use the inferior theory of soup.

When adjustable multi-cathode power supply 1 add higher but do not reach the voltage punctured time, if the electric field near electrode surface (internal field) is very strong, then the gas medium of ate electrode can be produced corona discharge phenomenon by partial breakdown.Here the air pressure of gas is about 10 ⁵pa.When the radius of curvature of electrode is very little, because the field intensity near it is high especially, be easy to corona discharge occurs.

In severe non-uniform electric field, air gap complete breakdown before, can there is corona discharge in ate electrode, produce lazuline halation.This special halation is that the discharge process of electrode surface ionized region causes.Molecule in ionized region, under ionizing the effect of factor (as light source) and electric field outside, creates and excites, ionizes, form a large amount of electron avalanches.Also reversible process---the compound exciting and ionize is produced at the same time.In recombination process, can light radiation be produced, thus define halation.Here it is corona.The current strength of corona discharge depends on applied voltage, electrode shape, anode-cathode distance, gas property and density etc.

When two interelectrode potential differences increase gradually by zero, the non-self-maintained discharge that initial generation is noiseless, electric current is at this moment very faint, and its size determines residual ionization; When voltage is increased to certain numerical value V _s, time, corona discharge there occurs.This voltage V _s, be called the late threshold voltage of discharge inception voltage or corona discharge, the unexpected increase of its magnitude numerical value mountain electricity electrode current is (from about 10 ^-14to 10 ^-6a) and the appearance of the aura dim at the electrode place that radius of curvature is less characterized.

The computing formula of threshold values field intensity is:

(E _r) _s＝E ₀mδ[1+K/(δr) ^1/2] (1)

(E in formula _r) _sfor threshold values field, E ₀=3100kV/m (the spark field intensity in the uniform field that this value is equivalent to aerial discharge gap under standard state when being lcm), m is a coefficient (0.6<m<l) describing conductive surface state, and δ is the relative density of air: δ=2.94 X 10 ^-3p/ (273+T) (P, in units of Pa, works as P=101325Pa, during T=25 DEG C, and δ=1), K=3.08 X 10 ^{- 2}m ^1/2, R is the radius of electrode tip.

For different curvature electrode as plate electrode, computing formula is:

${\left(E_r\right)}_s=E_0(1+\frac{K}{{(r/2)}^{1/2}})---\left(2\right)$

Here E ₀identical with formula (1) with the numerical value of K, m and δ is 1.Above formula to the little negative electrode of radius of curvature or anode all applicable.

The calculating of threshold voltage:

Paraboloidal pin-plane clearance, the radius on pin top is r, and clearance distance is d, then along axle center, gap from the electric-field intensity of pin top χ distance be:

$\mathrm{Ex}=\frac{2V}{(r+2x)\ln [(r+2d)/r]}---\left(3\right)$

Threshold voltage is:

V _s＝(E _r) _s(r/2)ln[(r+2d)/r] (4)

(1) for built-in integrated nozzle 10---workpiece 19 region, suppose that the tip radius of electrode needle is 0.2mm, die opening is 1-2cm (effect of electric field force falls into a decline when distance is greater than 30cm).Calculating discharge inception voltage scope according to formula (4) is 2.1499-2.4299KV.

When after generation corona discharge, increase potential difference if continue, then current strength will increase, and size and the brightness thereof of luminescent layer also increase simultaneously.When applied voltage higher than threshold voltage a lot of time, corona discharge can change spark discharge-scintillant into and puncture.

In lathe tool process, built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle 25 is d=1cm with the surperficial minimum range of workpiece 19.When working environment air pressure p is 10 ⁵during the air of pa, table look-up known when d is 1cm spark breakdown voltage be 8KV, in the case, threshold voltage is less than spark breakdown voltage, therefore can not puncture by flashing.

(2) for external integrated nozzle 11---workpiece 19 region, suppose that the tip radius of electrode needle is 0.5mm, die opening is 3-5cm (effect of electric field force falls into a decline when distance is greater than 30cm).Calculating discharge inception voltage scope according to formula (4) is 10.9565-12.1147KV.

When after generation corona discharge, increase potential difference if continue, then current strength will increase, and size and the brightness thereof of luminescent layer also increase simultaneously.When applied voltage higher than threshold voltage a lot of time, corona discharge can change spark discharge-scintillant into and puncture.

In lathe tool process, external integrated nozzle electrode needle 38 is d=3cm with the surperficial minimum range of workpiece 19.When working environment air pressure p is 10 ⁵during the air of pa, table look-up known when d is 1cm spark breakdown voltage be 100KV, in the case, threshold voltage is less than spark breakdown voltage, therefore can not puncture by flashing.

Electrostatic drop atomization mechanism:

Electrostatic atomization is that electrostatic force overcomes surface tension of liquid, thus causes liquid crushing to be the phenomenon of mist droplet.Due to corona discharge effect, under " surface action ", make drip gauge wear a large amount of same sex electric charges, add liquid surface activity, surface molecules is produced and aligns significantly, reduce surface tension.When droplet size is constant, along with quantities of charge increases, surface tension can reduce gradually.When capillary size is not enough to constraint liquid, liquid just can be broken for fine mist under the liquid surface disturbances that causes of repulsive interaction between surperficial same sex electric charge and external force.

Between drop and gas around, have higher relative velocity, then the division of drop is controlled by Pneumatic pressure, surface tension and viscous force.For the liquid that viscosity is lower, the fragmentation of drop determines primarily of Pneumatic pressure and surface tension.Pneumatic pressure suffered by large drop is 0.5 ρ _gΔ V ², wherein ρ _gbe gas density, Δ V is gas-liquid relative velocity.But obstruction drop deforms fragmentation by the cohesive force that surface tension produces, and cohesive force can be expressed as 4 σ/D, σ is the intrinsic surface tension of liquid, and D is initial drop diameter.

When liquid-drop diameter reduces, cohesive force strengthens, and when the tension that cohesive force and Pneumatic pressure cause balances, drop keeps stable, if both can not cancel each other, drop will be out of shape even broken.The cohesive force that the tension produced according to the aerodynamic force acted on drop and surface tension produce balances this principle, can draw a dimensionless number:

$\mathrm{We}=\frac{{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_g{\mathrm{\&Delta;V}}^{2}D}{\mathrm{\&sigma;}}=8---\left(5\right)$

Thus known when Weber number is greater than 8, drop, by force unbalance, deforms.The maximum steady state liquid-drop diameter corresponding with Δ V can be obtained in addition according to (5):

$D_{\max }=\frac{8\mathrm{\&sigma;}}{{\mathrm{\&Delta;V}}^2{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_g}---\left(6\right)$

Charged droplet is under the effect of Coulomb repulsion, and surface tension dies down, and the surface tension value after dying down is:

${\mathrm{\&sigma;}}^{\&prime;}=\mathrm{\&sigma;}-\frac{q^2}{64{\mathrm{\&pi;}}^2\mathrm{\&epsiv;}{r}^2}---\left(7\right)$

Wherein r is droplet radius, and q is the carrying capacity of drop, and ε is surrounding air dielectric constant.Obviously can find out when carried charge q increases from formula, surface tension just declines, it can thus be appreciated that drop surface charge contributes to atomization.

Now the We of charged droplet can be expressed as:

$\mathrm{We}=\frac{{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_g{\mathrm{\&Delta;V}}^{2}D}{\mathrm{\&sigma;}-\frac{q^2}{64{\mathrm{\&pi;}}^2\mathrm{\&epsiv;}{r}^2}}=\frac{128{\mathrm{\&pi;}}^2\mathrm{\&epsiv;}{R}^4{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_g\mathrm{\&Delta;}{V}^2}{64{\mathrm{\&pi;}}^2\mathrm{\&epsiv;}{R}^3\mathrm{\&sigma;}-q^2}---\left(8\right)$

From (8), in high velocity air, there is close relationship the fragmentation of charged droplet and gas-liquid relative velocity, gas-liquid physical parameter and field of charging.In addition, if drop reaches stable state in the gas flow, on lotus after electrostatic, We number increases, and surface tension of liquid reduces, and is not enough to resisting pneumatic pressure, drop by deforming further, broken, so when gas-liquid parameter is identical, on lotus, after electrostatic, mist droplet particle size is less.This just reaches the object of refinement droplet particle, and the electric charge that drop surface is identical simultaneously, can ensure that the distribution of drop is more even.

The charging mechanism of drop:

When there is negative polarity corona discharge at the tip of electrode needle, a large amount of ions can produced in corona zone, cation can move to electrode cathode and electrical counteract occur, and anion and electrons anode move, enter drift region, at drift region and droplet collision, be attached on drop, make drop become electric charge carrier, bring the electric charge identical with polarity of electrode.

The carrying capacity computing formula of droplet corona charging is as follows:

$q=f[1+2\frac{k-1}{k+2}]4\mathrm{\&pi;}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_0{\mathrm{Er}}^2---\left(9\right)$

In formula (9)

$f=\frac{\frac{\mathrm{NeKi}}{4{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_0}t}{\frac{\mathrm{NeKi}}{4{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_0}t+1}---\left(10\right)$

Q---droplet carrying capacity, C;

K---droplet dielectric constant;

ε ₀---dielectric constant of air, is about 8.85 × 10 ^-12, c ²/ nm ²;

The electric-field intensity that E---corona discharge is formed, V/m;

R---droplet radius, μm;

N---charged ions concentration, population/m ²;

E---electron charge, 1.6 × 10 ^-19, C;

Ki---charged ions mobility, m ²/ (Vs);

T---charging holdup time, s.

From the droplet of nozzle ejection, to workpiece accelerated motion under the effect of aerodynamic force and electric field force, its speed is greatly between 50m/s to 70m/s.Built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle 25 is 1cm to 2cm with the distance of workpiece 19, so run duration is between 0.0002s to 0.0004s.But the charged required time of droplet is only 10 ^-7s to 10 ^-6s, can ensure from the mist of oil of nozzle ejection fully charged before arrival workpiece.External integrated nozzle electrode needle 38 is 3cm to 5cm with the distance of workpiece 19, so run duration is between 0.000429s to 0.000714s.But the charged required time of droplet is only 10 ^-7s to 10 ^-6s, can ensure from the mist of oil of nozzle ejection fully charged before arrival workpiece.

When the droplet of built-in integrated nozzle body throat 26 and the ejection of external integrated nozzle body throat 50 is by after charged, displacement under the effect of electric field force, what make its maximum is covered in surface of the work.In charged process, because the nanoparticle surface in micro-lubricating cutting liquid is larger, surface polarity is stronger, after charged, its charge-mass ratio is larger than the charge-mass ratio of droplet, so nano particle is tending towards more early arriving workpiece, cover oil film lower floor, the exchange capability of heat that can better utilize it desirable like this.In electrostatic field, there is " electrostatic is encircled " effect, therefore when droplet and nano particle are more easily enter into workpiece to have certain roughness depression in the surface place to workpiece motion s, thus expand relative area coverage, better lubrication and heat exchange effect can be played.

Can find out according to Figure 15, adjustable multi-cathode power supply 1 is made up of self-maintained circuit, power amplification circuit, high-frequency impulse stepup transformer, voltage doubling rectifing circuit, direct-flow voltage regulation unit V1 and direct-flow voltage regulation unit V2 and constant current automatic control circuit.Its operation principle is input termination AC power, and direct-flow voltage regulation unit V1 and direct-flow voltage regulation unit V2 provides DC voltage.Direct-flow voltage regulation unit V1 is as the operating voltage of self-maintained circuit.Direct-flow voltage regulation unit V2 is the main energy sources of power transfer, high-frequency impulse stepup transformer obtains high-pressure electrostatic through voltage doubling rectifing circuit rectification, main pulse signal is obtained by self-maintained circuit, after power amplification circuit amplifies, under the boosting of high-frequency impulse stepup transformer, final output high-voltage signal, through voltage doubling rectifing circuit thus export high direct voltage.

The feature of this power supply to produce higher electrostatic high-pressure, and supply current is small, is generally no more than 500 μ A.Constant current automatic control circuit samples the electrostatic operating current of voltage doubling rectifing circuit automatically, when constant current, when workload normally strengthens, can not cause the rising of operating current.When outer load exceedes permission electric current, self-maintained circuit stops shake, and high pressure is cut off, the safety of this characteristic to operating personnel is reliable, once close to or touch high-pressure side, the shock current caused is very faint, block High voltage output, so can not be in peril of one's life simultaneously.

Claims (10)

1. a nano-fluid micro lubricating electrostatic atomization controllable jet turning system, it is characterized in that, it comprises:

Adjustable multi-cathode power supply, adjustable multi-cathode power supply has negative pole interface and at least one anode interface of multiple different voltage, and each negative pole interface works independently of one another;

Interior cold lathe tool is respectively equipped with built-in integrated nozzle and external integrated nozzle, and the vicinity that described two nozzles are distributed in lathe tool provides lubricant medium for turning; Described two nozzles to be connected with lubricating system with trace amount respectively by cold hole in interior cold lathe tool inside provides lubricating and cutting fluid; Described two nozzles also connect from the different negative pole interfaces of adjustable multi-cathode power supply respectively by wire simultaneously;

Magnetic coupling is connected by the anode interface of wire with adjustable multi-cathode power supply, and is arranged on interior cold lathe tool, and this wire is ground connection simultaneously.

2. nano-fluid micro lubricating electrostatic atomization controllable jet turning system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described built-in integrated nozzle is fixedly connected with interior cold hole I, and the interior cold hole I port of export and vertical direction angle are α, if lathe tool relief angle is γ, then 1.2 γ >=α >=γ.

3. nano-fluid micro lubricating electrostatic atomization controllable jet turning system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described built-in integrated nozzle comprises: built-in integrated nozzle support and the built-in integrated nozzle body be arranged on built-in integrated nozzle support; In built-in integrated nozzle support bottom, electrode needle stator is installed, electrode needle stator is installed built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle, built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle is connected with the built-in integrated nozzle wire with insulated hull, built-in integrated nozzle wire passes built-in integrated nozzle support, is provided with insulating fixing device at the place of passing; Then be provided with in built-in integrated nozzle body and secondary-atomizing built-in integrated nozzle body throat is carried out to micro-lubricating cutting liquid.

4. nano-fluid micro lubricating electrostatic atomization controllable jet turning system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described built-in integrated nozzle body lower end is provided with built-in integrated nozzle body draw-in groove, the diameter of built-in integrated nozzle body draw-in groove is identical with built-in integrated nozzle shelf inner diameter, both interference fit, and be fixedly connected with.

5. nano-fluid micro lubricating electrostatic atomization controllable jet turning system as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle adopts refractory metal material, and built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle discharge tip radius r is about 0.2mm, and length is L ₁, bottom is welded in electrode needle stator center; The beeline of described built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle distance between two tips workpiece is:

S ₁=(L+L _s)/cos α+(L ₂-L ₁), discharge inception voltage scope is 2.1499-2.4299KV;

Wherein, built-in integrated nozzle electrode needle length L ₁, the port of export is L apart from cutter base distance, and lathe tool vertical direction thickness is L _s, electrode needle stator upper surface is L apart from built-in integrated nozzle exit end face distance ₂.

6. nano-fluid micro lubricating electrostatic atomization controllable jet turning system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described external integrated nozzle is connected with interior cold hole II, and the external integrated nozzle port of export and horizontal direction angle are β, 45 ° >=β >=60 °.

7. nano-fluid micro lubricating electrostatic atomization controllable jet turning system as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described external integrated nozzle comprises: injector electrode mechanism and the blast tube be attached thereto, and blast tube is connected with interior cold hole II; Injector electrode mechanism is provided with external integrated nozzle body, and external integrated nozzle external body is nozzle cover; External integrated nozzle body is provided with electrode annulus, and electrode annulus is provided with multiple external integrated nozzle electrode needle, electrode annulus is connected with wire, and wire to be fixed on nozzle cover by wire capping and to pass wire capping, and the place of passing is provided with fixture; External integrated nozzle body has external integrated nozzle body throat, carries out secondary-atomizing to micro-lubricating cutting liquid; It is inner that described electrode annulus utilizes circlip for hole to be fixed on external integrated nozzle body; Described nozzle cover is provided with metallic channel, and wire is placed in metallic channel; Described fixture is wire fixed plug, and the wire capping wire guide interference fit of wire fixed plug and wire capping, is fixed by tensile force; Described external integrated nozzle electrode needle adopts refractory metal material, and have four, electrode annulus distributes at an angle of 90, centre-to-centre spacing is R, and the exposed length of electrode needle is L ₃.

8. nano-fluid micro lubricating electrostatic atomization controllable jet turning system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described external integrated nozzle electrode needle is c-L apart from the distance of the external integrated nozzle port of export ₃, discharge tip radius r is about 0.5mm; The beeline of described external integrated nozzle electrode needle distance workpiece is: S ₂=a ₁/ cos β-d+ (c-L ₃), discharge inception voltage scope is 10.9565-12.1147KV, and wherein, external integrated nozzle 44 distance of shaft centers is a from the horizontal range of workpiece 19 ₁, the external integrated nozzle port of export and horizontal direction angle are β, 45 °>=β>=60 °; The distance in the injector electrode mechanism exit end face distance vertical section axle center of blast tube is d, and motor annulus rear surface is apart from external integrated nozzle exit end face c, and the exposed length of electrode needle is L ₃.

9. nano-fluid micro lubricating electrostatic atomization controllable jet turning system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described adjustable multi-cathode power supply is made up of AC power unit, direct-flow voltage regulation unit V1, direct-flow voltage regulation unit V2, self-maintained circuit, power amplification circuit, high-frequency impulse stepup transformer, voltage doubling rectifing circuit and constant current automatic control circuit; Input termination AC power, direct-flow voltage regulation unit V1 and direct-flow voltage regulation unit V2 provides DC voltage; Direct-flow voltage regulation unit V1 is as the operating voltage of self-maintained circuit; Direct-flow voltage regulation unit V2 is the main energy sources of power transfer, high-frequency impulse stepup transformer obtains high-pressure electrostatic through voltage doubling rectifing circuit rectification, main pulse signal is obtained by self-maintained circuit, after power amplification circuit amplifies, under the boosting of high-frequency impulse stepup transformer, final output high-voltage signal, through voltage doubling rectifing circuit thus export high direct voltage.

10. the nano-fluid micro lubricating electrostatic atomization controllable jet turning system as described in claim 5 or 9, it is characterized in that, the carrying capacity computing formula of droplet corona charging is as follows:

In formula

Q---droplet carrying capacity, C;

K---droplet dielectric constant;

ε ₀---dielectric constant of air, is about 8.85 × 10 ^-12, c ²/ nm ²;

The electric-field intensity that E---corona discharge is formed, V/m;

R---droplet radius, μm;

N---charged ions concentration, population/m ²;

E---electron charge, 1.6 × 10 ^-19, C;

Ki---charged ions mobility, m ²/ (Vs);

T---charging holdup time, s.