CN204007787U - Stage-discharge sensor and stage-discharge monitoring system - Google Patents
Stage-discharge sensor and stage-discharge monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN204007787U CN204007787U CN201420348271.1U CN201420348271U CN204007787U CN 204007787 U CN204007787 U CN 204007787U CN 201420348271 U CN201420348271 U CN 201420348271U CN 204007787 U CN204007787 U CN 204007787U
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Abstract
The utility model aims to provide a kind of stage-discharge sensor and stage-discharge monitoring system of accurately Quick Measurement stage-discharge, long service life, working stability, and this stage-discharge sensor comprises that the governor circuit of the water-level detecting bar that is provided with a plurality of contacts on it, the plurality of voltages comparator circuit connecting with contact, the multiplexer circuit that be connected corresponding to plurality of voltages comparator circuit, reception multiplexer circuit output signal, the data change being connected with governor circuit send output circuit; This stage-discharge monitoring system comprises host computer, above-mentioned stage-discharge sensor, stage-discharge sensor is via the connection corresponding to host computer of RS-232/RS-485 converter, the utlity model has corrosion-resistant, long service life, can in water body, monitor continuously channel median discharge, and result is presented on charactron and the medium advantage of host computer.
Description
Technical field
The utility model and stage-discharge monitoring field, be specifically related to a kind of for surveying stage-discharge sensor and the stage-discharge monitoring system of flow.
Background technology
At present, China Shi Ge lack of water big country, and agricultural irrigation water accounts for the more than 60% of China's total water amount, therefore, agricultural is realized to precision irrigation, to save the very urgent requirement that agricultural water resources is field irrigation, is also the major action that realizes sustainable development simultaneously.
At present, in irrigated area, conventional water gaging method has current meter water gaging, hydraulic structure water gaging, ad hoc water measure equipment water gaging etc., and wherein current meter water gaging mainly be take velocity_area method as main, although measuring accuracy is high, but expensive, troublesome poeration, is not easy to spread.For irrigation canal, the method is generally used for the check calibration of stage discharge relation and controls the water quantity monitoring of important section.Although utilize hydraulic structure water gaging simple, error is larger, in addition hydraulic structure aging, be out of shape, rush the reasons such as what, measuring accuracy does not ensure.Utilize ad hoc water measure equipment facility to carry out water gaging, facilities engineering cost is high, and ditch water flow situation is larger on accuracy of observation impact, as Sediment Siltation, floating thing impact etc.; And the calibration workload of stage-discharge is large, be not easy to carry out numeral and graphical information robotization transmission.Therefore, China irrigated area is in the urgent need in conjunction with irrigation canal or river course actual conditions, researches and develops economic, practically, and the stage-discharge that price is suitable, be convenient to realize digital information transmission measures and monitoring equipment.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, adapts to reality needs, aim to provide a kind of accurately Quick Measurement stage-discharge and long service life, working stability stage-discharge sensor and stage-discharge monitoring system.
In order to realize the purpose of this utility model, the technical scheme of this employing is:
Design a kind of stage-discharge sensor, comprise water-level detecting bar, on described water-level detecting bar, be provided with the contact of some, also comprise with the plurality of voltages comparator circuit of the corresponding connection in described contact, with the corresponding multiplexer circuit being connected of described plurality of voltages comparator circuit, for receiving the governor circuit of described multiplexer circuit output signal delivery rate signal, for receiving flow signal that described governor circuit exports and the data that flow signal is sent to host computer being become and send output circuit.
Described governor circuit comprise microcontroller chip, all with clock circuit, reset circuit and the jtag interface circuit of the corresponding connection of described microcontroller chip, described microcontroller chip is any in MSP430 series monolithic.
Described clock circuit comprises low-frequency oscillatory network, high-frequency oscillating circuits, and described low-frequency oscillatory network comprises the low frequency crystal oscillator of 10.768KHz～32.768KHz, and described high-frequency oscillating circuits comprises the high frequency crystal oscillator of 450KHz～8MHz; Described multiplexer circuit comprises multiplexer ADG732; Described data become send output circuit comprise with the MAX3232 chip of the corresponding connection of described microcontroller chip, with the corresponding RS-232 interface being connected of this MAX3232 chip; Described reset circuit is R-C reset circuit.
Described water-level detecting bar comprises housing, and described contact is arranged on housing outer surface along its axis direction with the equidistant distance of 0.5～5.0mm.
Described contact is stainless steel screw, and the screw cap on this stainless steel screw is arranged at described housing outer surface.
Described plurality of voltages comparator circuit, multiplexer circuit, microcontroller chip, clock circuit are all positioned on circuit board, and described circuit board is arranged in described enclosure interior cavity, and is sealed by epoxy resin.
This stage-discharge sensor also comprises corresponding with described microcontroller chip that connect and for showing the digital display tube group of flow information.
A stage-discharge monitoring system, comprises host computer, above-described stage-discharge sensor; Described stage-discharge sensor is via the connection corresponding to described host computer of RS-232/RS-485 converter.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
1. this stage-discharge sensor measurement precision is high, reliable and stable, by recording the magnitude of voltage of the different contacts of water-level detecting bar, and compare, by stage-discharge information being presented on display terminal and showing in real time after the analyzing and processing of microcontroller chip, be convenient to staff and observe intuitively, secondly can become and send output circuit that output information is transferred in host computer via the data in this sensor.
Water-level detecting bar of the present utility model by stainless steel screw the contact as outside, and by epoxy resin, enclosure interior cavity and circuit board are sealed, in the time of in this sensor water inlet water, first cocoa is so that this water-level detecting bar has good corrosion resistance, sealing, avoid water body to cause the damages such as corrosion to this water-level detecting bar and inner circuit thereof, increase its serviceable life.
3. the utility model flow monitoring system, when water body is carried out to flow monitoring, is not affected by the factors such as outdoor bad border, flow signal can be exported in indoor host computer in real time, conveniently monitors flow information; Convenient operation personnel's Real Time Observation, saves the resources such as human and material resources; And this system operation working service is easy, and manufacturing cost is low, is easy to promote the use of.
4. the utility model flow monitoring system is in delivery rate signal, also can by depth of water R real-time export display terminal to, and in host computer, convenient operation personnel are known correlation parameter.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the utility model middle water level feeler primary structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the utility model stage-discharge sensor circuit principle schematic;
Fig. 3 be jtag interface in the utility model, reset circuit, clock circuit and with microcontroller chip circuit connection diagram;
Fig. 4 is that in the utility model, output circuit schematic diagram is sent in data change;
In Fig. 1: 1. electric wire; 2. circuit board; 3. contact; 4. housing; 5. epoxy resin.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is further illustrated:
Embodiment 1: a kind of stage-discharge sensor, referring to figure to Fig. 4, comprise water-level detecting bar, this water-level detecting bar comprises housing 4, housing 4 outside surfaces along on its axis direction with 2.0mm equidistantly distance be provided with a plurality of contacts 3 for being connected with external circuit (circuit board 2), contact 3 is stainless steel screw, and the screw on this stainless steel screw emits and is arranged at housing 4 outside surfaces, as shown in fig. 1.This stage-discharge sensor also comprise with the plurality of voltages comparator circuit of the corresponding connection in above-mentioned contact 3, with plurality of voltages comparator circuit corresponding that be connected and for receive plurality of voltages comparator circuit output voltage multiplexer circuit, for receive multiplexer circuit output signal and export water level signal governor circuit, for receiving the flow signal that governor circuit exports the data that flow signal is transmitted, become and send output circuit.Above-mentioned multiplexer circuit comprises multiplexer ADG732.Governor circuit comprise MSP430F149 single-chip microcomputer, all with clock circuit, reset circuit and the jtag interface circuit of the corresponding connection of MSP430F149 single-chip microcomputer, jtag interface is the Program download of MSP430F149 single-chip microcomputer, and simultaneously jtag interface is also as the program debug interface of MSP430F149 single-chip microcomputer; 1,3,5,7,9,13 pins of jtag interface are connected with TD0, TDI, TMS, TCK, DVss, the RST pin of MSP430F149 single-chip microcomputer respectively; Clock circuit comprises low-frequency oscillatory network, high-frequency oscillating circuits, low-frequency oscillatory network comprises the low frequency crystal oscillator Y2 of 32.768KHz, itself and the corresponding connection of XIN, XOUTI/TCLK two pins in MSP430F149 single-chip microcomputer, high-frequency oscillating circuits comprise 8MHz high frequency crystal oscillator Y1, form capacitor C 2, the C3 of series loop with this high frequency crystal oscillator Y1, the two ends of this high frequency crystal oscillator Y1 and the corresponding connection of XT2IN, XT2OUT two pins in MSP430F149 single-chip microcomputer.High frequency crystal oscillator Y1, low frequency crystal oscillator Y2 provide respectively 32.768KHz and 8MHz clock for MSP430F149 single-chip microcomputer; Adopt low frequency crystal oscillator Y2 can meet the requirement of low-power consumption, the high frequency oscillator Y1 of 8MHz, can be closed in used time not, to reduce power consumption.Data become send output circuit to comprise with the UTXDO of MSP430F149 single-chip microcomputer, the MAX3232 chip that URXDO pin connects, with the corresponding RS-232 interface being connected of this MAX3232 chip; RS-232 interface is mainly used in realizing with host computer and establishes a communications link, and data are realized to the transmission to host computer.Reset circuit is R-C reset circuit, comprises button S, the resistance R 1 of series connection, the capacitor C 1 in parallel with button S, resistance R 1, after button S is in parallel with capacitor C 1 with corresponding connection of RST pin in MSP430F149 single-chip microcomputer.This stage-discharge sensor also comprises corresponding with MSP430F149 single-chip microcomputer that connect and for showing the digital display tube group of water level information, demonstration by digital display tube group can be presented at the flow information via this stage-discharge sensor Check processing in digital display tube group, is convenient to observe intuitively.Above-mentioned plurality of voltages comparator circuit, multiplexer circuit, MSP430F149 single-chip microcomputer, clock circuit are all printed on circuit board 2, and circuit board 2 is arranged in housing 4 internal cavities, and sealed by epoxy resin 5, for anti-sealing, enter in it circuit board is caused to damage.By electric wire 1, the data transmission of detection is gone out.Its plurality of voltages comparator circuit gathers after water level signal, with reference voltage comparison, its output voltage (being comparative result) enters in the input channel of multiplexer ADG732, the connection corresponding to MSP430F149 single-chip microcomputer of the data output channel of multiplexer ADG732.Above-mentioned multiplexer ADG732 can be encoded into 32 addresses according to 5 binary address line A0, A1, A2, A3 and A4 on it, five bit address choosing ends on its multiplexer ADG732 are connected with P6.3, P6.4, P6.5, P6.6 and the P6.7 pin of MSP430F149 single-chip microcomputer successively, single-chip microcomputer is by changing the input of these IO mouths (P6.3, P6.4, P6.5, P6.6, P6.7 pin) like this, just can change the gating address of ADG732, one of Jiang32 road input switches to public output.Control end CS, the WR of multiplexer ADG732 and EN successively with P3.0, the P3.1 of MSP430F149 single-chip microcomputer and P3.2 be connected, the input that single-chip microcomputer changes P3.0, P3.1 and P3.2 pin just can change the duty of ADG732.
The utility model also relates to a kind of stage-discharge monitoring system, comprises host computer, above-described stage-discharge sensor; This stage-discharge sensor is via the communication connection corresponding to host computer of RS-232/RS-485 converter.
The utility model utilizes the above stage-discharge monitoring system when carrying out stage-discharge monitoring, to adopt following steps:
1. the water-level detecting bar of described stage-discharge sensor is laid according to a conventional method to the corresponding position in channel or river to be detected;
2. by the voltage between the different contacts of the plurality of voltages comparator circuit collection of stage-discharge sensor and compare with reference voltage, afterwards result is exported in multiplexer circuit;
3. multiplexer circuit is encoded the voltage signal of input and is inputed in the governor circuit of stage-discharge sensor;
4. governor circuit is treated to water signal R by the coded signal inputing in it, and will in this water signal R substitution following formula, calculate the flow Q of channel to be detected or corresponding position, river:
（1）
Formula (1) also calculates its flow Q; In examination, A is device for channel discharge cross section area; N is channel roughness; I is channel longitudinal gradient; Wherein, at stage-discharge sensor, lay site fixedly in the situation that, device for channel discharge cross section area A and water signal R are corresponding funtcional relationship, thereby only need measure corresponding water signal, can know the flow of corresponding check point;
5. described governor circuit exports in host computer by gained flow Q via RS-232/RS-485 converter and exports the upper demonstration of charactron group (display terminal) to.
Described formula (1) comprises by following steps and obtaining:
(1) determine channel roughness n, discharge section area A, the channel longitudinal gradient i of channel.
(2) by device for channel discharge cross section area A, the depth of water
rin substitution uniform-flow formula (2):
（2），
Wherein C is for thanking to just coefficient;
(3) by Manning formula substitution uniform-flow formula (2), can obtain:
。
From this formula, can find out, after canal cross section shape, size, longitudinal gradient and roughness are determined, in channel, water flow is only the function of depth of water R.As long as therefore can measure the depth of water R in channel, just can calculate water flow in channel.Suppose that channel is circular pipe, its xsect is circular, and after this circular pipe is determined, its shape, size, longitudinal gradient and roughness all can be determined, its discharge section area
, wherein D is this circular pipe diameter,
for being full of angle; And
, from this formula, can find out, after this circular pipe is determined, its D can directly draw, the depth of water can be recorded by this stage-discharge sensor, therefore this formula
in be full of angle
just can draw, therefore discharge section area
just can draw; Therefore flow Q just can draw.For another example suppose that channel xsect is rectangle, it is upper and lower wide is d, and height is L, A=d (L-R); By this formula can draw after this rectangular canal is determined its up and down wide, Gao Junke determine, therefore its A is only the function of R, therefore only need record depth of water R, just can draw discharge section area A, therefore
in only need that only need record depth of water R just can draw the size of Q.
This stage-discharge sensor and stage-discharge monitoring system tool have the following advantages:
1. this stage-discharge sensor only needs the lithium battery of 3.3VDC to power, low in energy consumption.
2. the electric current that in use, this stage-discharge sensor proceeds to low-power consumption mode dormant state from inactive state only has 0.7 μ A.
3. this stage-discharge sensor is when external interrupt, and from dormant state, entering active state only needs 6 μ S.
It is testing site that the utility model is chosen trunk canal, east, Lower Reaches of The Yellow River Henan province people triumph canal irrigation region, and this channel adopts concrete lining.The flow measured value of the utility model and current meter (current meter is the relatively accurate a kind of instrument of current flow rate detection) observation is contrasted, and test figure and error analysis thereof are in Table 1.
The contrast of table 1 flow monitoring
From upper table observed result, flow measurements of the present utility model is compared with the flow measured value of current meter observation, and maximum relative error is 2.89%, and the utility model can meet hydrology code requirement completely, meets the accuracy requirement of hydrologic observation standard.Meanwhile, for realizing China's farmland irrigation channel stage-discharge observation automation and numerical information and figure automatic transmission, provide technical support, for irrigated area, realize scientific meticulous irrigation, realize using water wisely, improving the level of scientific management provides condition.
Finally point out, what the present embodiment was announced is preferred embodiment, but is not limited to this; those of ordinary skill in the art, very easily according to above-described embodiment, makes different amplifications and variation; but only otherwise depart from spirit of the present utility model, all in protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (8)
1. a stage-discharge sensor, comprises water-level detecting bar, it is characterized in that: on described water-level detecting bar, be provided with the contact of some, also comprise
With the plurality of voltages comparator circuit of the corresponding connection in described contact,
With the multiplexer circuit of the corresponding connection of described plurality of voltages comparator circuit,
For receive described multiplexer circuit output signal delivery rate signal governor circuit,
For receiving flow signal that described governor circuit exports and the data that flow signal is sent to host computer being become and send output circuit.
2. stage-discharge sensor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described governor circuit comprise microcontroller chip, all with clock circuit, reset circuit and the jtag interface circuit of the corresponding connection of described microcontroller chip, described microcontroller chip is any one in MSP430 series monolithic.
3. stage-discharge sensor as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described clock circuit comprises low-frequency oscillatory network, high-frequency oscillating circuits, described low-frequency oscillatory network comprises the low frequency crystal oscillator of 10.768KHz～32.768KHz, and described high-frequency oscillating circuits comprises the high frequency crystal oscillator of 450KHz～8MHz; Described multiplexer circuit comprises multiplexer ADG732; Described data become send output circuit comprise with the MAX3232 chip of the corresponding connection of described microcontroller chip, with the corresponding RS-232 interface being connected of this MAX3232 chip; Described reset circuit is R-C reset circuit.
4. stage-discharge sensor as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: described water-level detecting bar comprises housing, and described contact is arranged on housing outer surface along its axis direction with the equidistant distance of 0.5～5.0mm.
5. stage-discharge sensor as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: described plurality of voltages comparator circuit, multiplexer circuit, microcontroller chip, clock circuit are all positioned on circuit board, described circuit board is arranged in described enclosure interior cavity, and by epoxy resin by its sealed envelope.
6. stage-discharge sensor as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described contact is stainless steel screw, and the screw cap on this stainless steel screw is arranged at described housing outer surface.
7. stage-discharge sensor as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: this stage-discharge sensor also comprises corresponding with described microcontroller chip that connect and for showing the digital display tube group of flow information.
8. a stage-discharge monitoring system, is characterized in that, comprises host computer, stage-discharge sensor claimed in claim 1; Described stage-discharge sensor is via the connection corresponding to described host computer of RS-232/RS-485 converter.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104132710A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-11-05 | 华北水利水电大学 | Water level flow sensor, water level flow monitoring system and water level flow monitoring method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104132710A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-11-05 | 华北水利水电大学 | Water level flow sensor, water level flow monitoring system and water level flow monitoring method |
| CN104132710B (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2018-05-18 | 华北水利水电大学 | Stage-discharge sensor, stage-discharge monitoring system and stage-discharge monitoring method |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20141210 Termination date: 20170627 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |