CN204007521U - Reservoir dam depression and horizontal displacement monitoring device - Google Patents
Reservoir dam depression and horizontal displacement monitoring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN204007521U CN204007521U CN201420510472.7U CN201420510472U CN204007521U CN 204007521 U CN204007521 U CN 204007521U CN 201420510472 U CN201420510472 U CN 201420510472U CN 204007521 U CN204007521 U CN 204007521U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of reservoir dam depression and horizontal displacement monitoring device, it comprises reference point detecting device and centralized manager, centralized manager is arranged on one end of dam body, several equally spaced reference points are set on the ray taking centralized manager as end points, and in each datum, a reference point detecting device are set respectively; Described reference point detecting device comprises detecting device housing, image detection device, baffle mechanism, camera, detection controller and solar panel, and described centralized manager comprises manager housing and Switching Power Supply, Management Controller, generating laser, loudspeaker and the laser via baffle mechanism in manager housing is set.The utility model can carry out depression and horizontal shift detects automatically to reservoir dam, and not only cost of products is low, measuring accuracy is high, stable performance, and easy for installation, be subject to that geographical environment affects greatly, maintenance cost is low, practical.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of reservoir dam monitoring device, specifically a kind of reservoir dam depression and horizontal displacement monitoring device.
Background technology
Dam is as the crucial multi-purpose project of great hydraulic engineering, whether its stability and safety is directly connected to other ancillary works of whole hydraulic engineering is normally moved, and directly affect and determine to focus on the security of large hydraulic engineering entirety and the performance of design efficiency, the more important thing is its stability and the safe direct relation downstream area people's the security of the lives and property, social and economic construction and ecological environment security etc.
Concrete dam and stone masonry dam build up after water conservation reservoir utilization, and under the effects such as water pressure, silt pressute, unrestrained pressure, uplift pressure and temperature variation, dam body must deform.The variation of the distortion of dam body and various load action and influence factor has corresponding regular variation, and within the range of permission, this is normal phenomenon.But, the tendency of dam malicious event often of the abnormal deformation of dam body.Before the accident of nineteen fifty-nine France Ma Erbasai arch dam, having there is abnormal deformation in abut, if this dam has carried out the deformation observation of system at run duration, grasps in time the deformation of abut, adopts an effective measure, and is likely to avoid the accident that breaks down.Therefore, for ensureing the safe operation of concrete dam and stone masonry dam, must carry out deformation observation to dam body, whether normal to grasp at any time dam distortion under various load actions and related factors impact.Concrete dam and stone masonry dam are subject to be subject to uplift pressure effect upwards at the bottom of the thrust of the horizontal directions such as water pressure and dam, have the trend of sliding downstream and toppling, and therefore will carry out horizontal displacement observation.Concrete and stone-laying all belong to elastic body, and under horizontal loads, amount of deflection will occur dam body, therefore also need to carry out deflection observation., will there is volume change in the load actions such as dam body temperature influence and deadweight, depression also will occur ground, need to carry out perpendicular displacement (depression) observation.China arranges monitoring device since the eighties in 20th century on a large scale at dam.
The classification method of dam body displacement monitoring has: 1) according to the position of measuring point, be divided into dam body surface and internal displacement monitoring; 2), according to measurement function, be divided into horizontal displacement monitoring, perpendicular displacement monitoring and three-D displacement monitoring; 3), according to the continuity of monitoring, be divided into artificial cycle monitoring and on-line continuous monitoring.Dam body surface displacement monitoring method comprises two large classes: 1) according to basic point elevation and position, measure dam body surface monument, surveyor's beacon place elevation and change in location with transit, spirit-leveling instrument, electronic distance measuring instrument or laser collimator, GPS, intelligent total powerstation etc., this mode can realize the three-D displacement DATA REASONING of measuring point; 2) at the surperficial instrument of installing or burying some displacement monitorings underground of dam body, this mode can only be measured the individual event displacement data of measuring point conventionally.Dam body internal displacement monitoring is mainly realized by embedded instrument is installed, and conventionally can only monitor the individual event displacement data (horizontal shift or perpendicular displacement) of measuring point.Conventional displacement monitoring instrument has displacement meter, crack gauge, inclinator, sedimentometer, plumb line coordinator, tensile-line instrument, multipoint displacement meter and strainometer etc.
Online detection research situation is as follows both at home and abroad at present.
1, horizontal shift on-line monitoring technique
Supporting layout and checking are mutually carried out in dam body horizontal displacement monitoring technology and surface deformation monitoring, dam body perpendicular displacement monitoring etc.Common technology has tiltmeter technology, draws bracing cable technology, just, reversed pendulum technology etc.
1.1 tiltmeter technology
Tiltmeter technology is mainly used in measuring the displacement of dam body inner horizontal, and principle of work is the variable angle amount of measuring between inclinometer pipe axis and pedal line, thereby calculates the horizontal shift size of soil layer each point.Tiltmeter has dividing of movable tiltmeter and fixing tiltmeter.Movable tiltmeter is for manual measurement, and fixing tiltmeter can be realized automatic on-line measurement.Its measuring method forms sensor string at a certain distance by some stationary slope levels, calculates the inclinometer pipe section that each sensor is corresponding move according to transducer spacing (gauge length) and measured inclination angle, forms the horizontal distortion curve of inclinometer pipe.According to sensor difference, fixing tiltmeter is divided into servo accelerometer formula, electrolyte type, resistance-strain chip etc.That the method construction is disturbed is less, measuring principle theoretical foundation fully, stable performance, simple to operate, can on-line monitoring.When measurement hole depth is little, measuring accuracy meets the demands; But in the time that hole depth is larger, inner laying sensor is more, and cost is higher, and measuring accuracy is affected simultaneously.
1.2 draw bracing cable technology
Drawing bracing cable formula horizontal displacement meter is to utilize the stainless steel steel wire that linear expansion coefficient is very little that the horizontal shift of dam body internal monitoring point is delivered to the observation room outside dam, by measuring steel wire, the relative displacement of fixing punctuate is realized the observation of dam body inner horizontal displacement.By leading block, add fixing counterweight or a weight at its observation room end, in the time that the flat measuring point of water in dam moves, drive steel wire to move, add that in the displacement of fixing punctuate place steel wire the displacement of self is the displacement of the flat measuring point of water in dam.The method measurement result reproducible, precision is high, and measurement result is not subject to the such environmental effects such as atmospheric pressure and temperature, do not need to carry out atmospheric pressure compensation and temperature correction, long-time stability are good.But the method construction is complicated, maintenance inconvenience.Drawing bracing cable technology also can be for the displacement of monitoring dam body surface level, and principle is to adopt a stainless steel steel wire to apply tension force at two-end-point place, thereby makes its straight line that is projected as at surface level measure the offset distance of measured point with respect to this straight line.Compare with collimation line method, the datum line of this method is the straight line of a physics.The feature of method of tension wire alignment is: be subject to ectocine little, in dam monitoring, application is general.Its measuring accuracy depends primarily on reading accuracy, adopts the bracing cable measuring system of drawing of linear CCD sensor to realize automatic reading, and its range is several centimetres, be better than ± 0.1mm of precision.But the two ends of drawing bracing cable generally will be provided with vertical line, so that the benchmark of measurement to be provided, objectively increase the installation and maintenance use cost of system.The development trend of drawing bracing cable technology is two-way lead wire, and the displacement of the gentle vertical direction of observation water, has improved observation rate simultaneously.
1.3 just, reversed pendulum technology
Just, reversed pendulum both can realize dam body surface level displacement monitoring, can realize again the deflection observation of earth dam.Meanwhile, the method again often and other method such as method of laser alignment, method of tension wire alignment be used in conjunction with.Vertical frontal line is that one end is fixed near dam crest, and the other end hangs weight, so as between observation dam body each point and dam body with respect to the displacement of the dam foundation, and the deflection observation of dam body.Reversed pendulum is that one end is embedded in dam body foundation deep layer basement rock place, and the other end floats, and measures the absolute displacement of dam body.This technology is widely used in dam monitoring, and attains full development, and adopts linear CCD sensor technology can realize automatic reading.
2 dam body perpendicular displacement on-line monitoring techniques
Dam body perpendicular displacement monitoring and dimensional deformation monitoring, dam body horizontal displacement monitoring etc. are carried out supporting layout and checking mutually.Main monitoring method has communicating pipe method monitoring technology (static level method), horizontal stationary slope level monitoring technology, vibrating wire settlement sensor monitoring technology etc.
2.1 communicating pipe method on-line monitoring technique
Utilize liquid communicating pipe two-port observe in the principle of same level, the implementation of dam body internal vertical displacement monitoring is: in dam body, design monitoring position arranges sedimentation gauge head, in gauge head, settle a container, be furnished with water inlet pipe, drainpipe and gas outlet, three Guan Shunpo guide to dam body outward appearance ell, water inlet pipe is connected with measurement mechanism (marking graduated glass tube) in observation room, makes in glass tube the vessel level in liquid level and gauge head in same water level elevation by connection balance.Drainpipe is the unnecessary liquid discharge that limits water level by exceeding in gauge head container, and water level in fixing gauge head container, can calculate gauge head elevation by the glass tube water level on observation room measurement mechanism.Gas outlet communicates container with observation room atmosphere, make liquid level in container be identical atmospheric free surface with liquid level in glass tube.The method measuring principle is simple, intuitive measurement results.By water colunm height in the high sensor measurement glass tube of measuring accuracy, can realize on-line monitoring.But also have following shortcoming: civil engineering workload is large, the concreting of measuring point pier needs curing time, and channel excavation affects construction transportation, and construction is disturbed large, affects main body construction progress; Construction process requirement is higher, need carry out necessary protection to gauge head and pipeline, and pipeline must reliably connect; Liquid is had to particular/special requirement, need to adopt the distilled water of exhaust, need add anti freezing solution at cold district; In pipe, the existence of the suitable microorganism of environment, certainly leads to and affects the material that pipeline is unimpeded, causes measuring system to lose efficacy; Observation program and maintenance measure complexity.Hydrostatic level is also the important instrument of monitoring dam body surface vertical sedimentation, and measuring principle is identical with connecting pipe principle, according to the elevation of starting datum mark, by the discrepancy in elevation recording communicating pipe, carrys out the elevation of pilot measurement punctuate.Communicating pipe is made up of sebific duct, glass tube and delineation chi etc.This method is not subject to the impact of Atmosphere Refraction, is easy to realize the robotization of reading and transmission, and be better than ± 0.1mm of measuring accuracy is widely used in perpendicular displacement monitoring.Hydrostatic level is reliable because measuring precision prescribed high, long-term Measurement sensibility, does not reach this requirement with the measurement of general small-range pressure transducer.
2.2 horizontal stationary slope level monitoring technology
On design monitoring elevation, level is laid inclinometer pipe, in pipe, place the sensor string being formed at a certain distance by some horizontal stationary slope levels, adopt fixing gradient meter sensor to measure the inclination angle of vertical direction, calculate according to transducer spacing (gauge length) and measured inclination angle the inclinometer pipe section that this sensor is corresponding and move, the deformation curve that the algebraic sum that each sensor respective tube section moves forms is the sedimentation and deformation curve of inclinometer pipe.The method construction is disturbed less, quick and easy for installation, and measuring principle theoretical foundation is abundant, and the construction time can be observed, do not need auxiliary civil engineering, easily realize on-line monitoring, sensor resolution is high, measuring accuracy meets the demands, and observed result is subsidence curve, meets dam deformation rule.But measurement range is little, easily there is uneven settlement or dislocation, larger on measuring system impact, whether adapt to large sedimentation and deformation and need further to study and verify.
2.3 vibrating wire settlement sensor monitoring technology
Vibrating wire settlement sensor is fixed on sedimentation plate, by fluid-through tube, distilled water (anti freezing solution) is input to sedimentometer, form distilled water (anti freezing solution) water column, the pressure that water column produces acts directly on the pressure-bearing mould of sensor, change calculations by survey sensor frequency goes out change value of pressure, can know the height of water column through converting by inference.Measure water column liquid level elevation, can calculated settlement dish elevation.The method measuring principle is simple, and more for convenience, the construction time can be observed, and can realize on-line monitoring in construction.But have line clogging and antifreeze problem, if water colunm height is too high, measuring accuracy does not reach code requirement.Absolute settlement accuracy of observation is subject to measurement of the level Accuracy.
3 three-D displacement on-line monitoring techniques
Above-mentioned various monitoring method is horizontal shift and the perpendicular displacement testing respectively to deformation point, affects measuring accuracy, increases difficulty of construction and workload, and measurement data simultaneity is bad.Along with the development of surveying instrument and measuring technique, adopt in a large number at present the measuring technique of the observation dam body surface deformation point horizontal shift of energy real-time continuous and perpendicular displacement, the three-D displacement value of deformation point due to what measure, therefore be called " three-D displacement monitoring ", major technique has high-precision intelligent total station instrument technique and GPS monitoring technology etc.
3.1 intelligent total station instrument techniques
Intelligence total station instrument technique, utilize exactly so-called robot measurement (MeasurementRobot, or the title Geo-robot of geodetic robot) carry out automatic search, tracking, identification and accurately find target accurately and obtain the information such as angle, distance, three-dimensional coordinate and image.Utilize intelligent total powerstation to carry out the robotization deformation monitoring of tailing dam, the monitoring form of generally taking is: the deformation monitoring device that intelligent total powerstation and monitoring point target (sighting prism) and upper control computer form, can realize round-the-clock unattended surveillance, its essence is automatic Polar measuring system.System, without manual intervention, can automatically gather, transmit and the three-dimensional data of processing deformation point.Utilize the Internet or other LAN (Local Area Network), also can realize remote monitoring and administration.The deployment cost of which monitoring point is low, management maintenance is easy, monitoring accuracy is high, and monitoring distance accuracy can reach 1mm left and right.But shortcoming is system lays the impact that is subject to the condition such as landform, weather, can not realize intervisibility completely and measure, compared with traditional measurement method, early stage, installation cost was relatively high.
3.2GPS robotization technology for deformation monitoring
In the mounted on-Line Monitor Device of China, dam facing displacement measurement much all adopts GPS automatic monitoring technical.GPS automatic monitoring technical and full-automatic total powerstation automatic monitoring technical are all by the contrast of dam facing monitoring point and basic point relative position, determine the displacement of monitoring point.But the monitoring accuracy of single GPS equipment can not meet the technical requirement of tailing dam safety management, need by GPS real time differential deformation monitoring device, utilize the deformation contrast of each monitoring point and base station, can greatly improve displacement monitoring precision, GPS displacement monitoring precision can reach horizontal shift 3mm, perpendicular displacement 5mm.Applying GPS carries out tailing dam deformation monitoring and has lot of advantages: 1) between survey station without intervisibility; 2) can put forward the three-D displacement information of controlling/monitoring point simultaneously; 3) round-the-clock monitoring; 4) monitoring accuracy is high; 5) easy and simple to handle, be easy to realize monitoring automation.But GPS also has its weak point: limited by satellite situation.For example, requiring between gps antenna and gps satellite must intervisibility, and any blocking all reducing available number of satellite, affects measuring accuracy.2) be subject to sky environmental impact.At noon on daytime, be subject to ionospheric interference large.Share satellite number few, often do not receive 5 satellites, thereby initialization time is long, even can not initialization, also just cannot measure.3) Data-Link transmission be disturbed and restriction, operating radius less than nominal range.While there is above-mentioned situation, measuring accuracy does not reach nominal accuracy, cannot meet measurement requirement.
At present, China's dam safety monitoring field all approaches or reaches advanced world standards at aspects such as monitoring instrument and automatic data acquisition system development and the researchs of Data Management Analysis method, and the various on-line monitoring instruments that are applied to reservoir dam are of a great variety.But for many years, China's reservoir dam displacement monitoring is in personal monitoring's stage, on-line monitoring just just just developed in recent years.With regard to displacement monitoring equipment itself, although kind is a lot, every kind of equipment has its weak point, investigates from several respects such as precision, stability, installation work amount, maintenance, use, prices, and the equipment that can meet requirements is little.Dam body internal displacement monitoring can only use traditional individual event displacement monitoring equipment, needs pre-plugged or boring to install, and construction inconvenience, does not also have good alternative method at present; Easy for installation, the stable performance of three-dimensional data monitoring equipment, precision that dam body surface displacement uses are high, but affected greatly by geographical environment, and mounting condition is restricted, and this type of home-made equipment rate is low, installation cost is high.
Utility model content
For above-mentioned deficiency, the utility model provides a kind of reservoir dam depression and horizontal displacement monitoring device, and reservoir dam is carried out to depression for it and horizontal shift detects automatically, can improve measuring accuracy, reduces equipment cost.
The technical scheme in the invention for solving the technical problem is: reservoir dam depression and horizontal displacement monitoring device, it is characterized in that, comprise reference point detecting device and centralized manager, described centralized manager is arranged on one end of dam body, several equally spaced reference points are set on the ray taking centralized manager as end points, and in each datum, a reference point detecting device are set respectively;
Described reference point detecting device comprises detecting device housing, image detection device, baffle mechanism, camera, detect controller and solar panel, described detecting device housing is rectangular parallelepiped housing, the two sides corresponding at rectangular parallelepiped housing are respectively arranged with light hole, described image detection device is arranged between interior two light holes of housing, between two light holes and image detection device, be also respectively arranged with baffle mechanism, described camera is arranged on the inside sidewalls that image detection device is parallel to laser via, described detection controller is arranged in detecting device housing, described solar panel is arranged on detecting device case top, described detection controller respectively with baffle mechanism, camera is connected with solar panel,
Described centralized manager comprises manager housing and Switching Power Supply, Management Controller, generating laser, loudspeaker and the laser via baffle mechanism in manager housing is set, described manager housing one side is provided with laser via, described generating laser is arranged on the position of corresponding laser via in manager housing, described laser via baffle mechanism is arranged between generating laser and laser via, and described management is controlled it and is connected with Switching Power Supply, generating laser, loudspeaker and laser via baffle mechanism respectively.
Preferably, described image detection device comprises image detection device framework and the reflective cross of Laser Interception, described image detection device framework is provided with the slotted eye of equidistant parallel distribution, the reflective cross of described Laser Interception is arranged in the slotted eye of image detection device framework, and the reflective cross of Laser Interception place plane is parallel with laser via.
Preferably, described baffle mechanism comprises two baffle plates, baffle plate telescopic drive mechanism and baffle plate moving drive mechanism, described two baffle plates are connected by baffle plate telescopic drive mechanism, described baffle plate moving drive mechanism is connected with baffle plate telescopic drive mechanism, described baffle plate telescopic drive mechanism and baffle plate moving drive mechanism respectively with detect controller and be connected, and described baffle plate telescopic drive mechanism and the end of travel of baffle plate moving drive mechanism are provided with and the limit switch that detects controller and be connected.
Preferably, described detection controller comprises super low power consuming single chip processor and the solar cell timing controller being connected with single-chip microcomputer respectively, OV7670 imageing sensor, EEPROM storage chip, data-carrier store, switching value input circuit and pwm pulse output circuit, described OV7670 imageing sensor is connected with camera, described switching value input circuit is connected with the limit switch of baffle mechanism, and described pwm pulse output circuit is connected with the servomotor of baffle plate telescopic drive mechanism and baffle plate moving drive mechanism respectively by D/A converting circuit.
Preferably, described single-chip microcomputer adopts STM8L series monolithic.
Preferably, described detection controller also comprises radio frequency chip, and described radio frequency chip is connected with single-chip microcomputer.
Preferably, described laser via baffle mechanism comprises laser via baffle plate, the horizontal control gear of laser via baffle plate control gear vertical with laser via baffle plate, described Management Controller is connected with laser via baffle plate with the vertical control gear of laser via baffle plate by the horizontal control gear of laser via baffle plate, and the described horizontal control gear of laser via baffle plate is provided with the end of travel of the vertical control gear of laser via baffle plate the limit switch being connected with Management Controller.
Preferably, described Management Controller comprises that processor and the DC-DC power module being connected with processor respectively, GPRS module, ZigBee module, RS485 communication module, laser via baffle plate horizontal vertical move control module, laser generator control module, speaker drive module, EEPROM power down protection reservoir and switching value input circuit; Described laser via baffle plate horizontal vertical moves control module and comprises pwm pulse output circuit and D/A converting circuit, and described pwm pulse output circuit is connected with the servomotor of laser via baffle plate horizontal drive mechanism and laser via baffle plate vertical drive mechanism respectively by D/A converting circuit; Described switching value input circuit is connected with the limit switch of laser via baffle mechanism.
Preferably, described light hole and laser via are circular port or square opening.
Preferably, this reservoir dam depression and horizontal displacement monitoring device also comprise host computer, and described host computer is connected with centralized manager by wireless communication mode or wire communication mode.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the utility model can carry out depression and horizontal shift detects automatically to reservoir dam, not only cost of products is low, measuring accuracy is high, stable performance, and easy for installation, be subject to that geographical environment affects greatly, maintenance cost is low, practical.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of reference point detecting device described in the utility model;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of image detection device described in the utility model;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of baffle mechanism described in the utility model;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of detection controller described in the utility model;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of centralized manager described in the utility model;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of Management Controller described in the utility model;
In figure, 1 detecting device housing, 11 light holes, 2 image detection devices, 21 image detection device frameworks, the reflective cross of 22 Laser Interception, 3 baffle mechanisms, 31 baffle plates, 32 baffle plate telescopic drive mechanisms, 33 baffle plate moving drive mechanisms, 4 cameras, 5 detect controller, 6 solar panels;
M1 and M2 are the servomotor of baffle plate telescopic drive mechanism,
M3 and M4 are the servomotor of baffle plate moving drive mechanism,
M5 is the servomotor of laser via baffle plate horizontal drive mechanism,
M6 is the servomotor of laser via baffle plate vertical drive mechanism.
Embodiment
For clearly demonstrating the technical characterstic of this programme, below by embodiment, and in conjunction with its accompanying drawing, the utility model is elaborated.Disclosing below provides many different embodiment or example to be used for realizing different structure of the present utility model.Of the present utility model open in order to simplify, hereinafter the parts to specific examples and setting are described.In addition, the utility model can be in different examples repeat reference numerals and/or letter.This repetition is in order to simplify and object clearly, itself do not indicate the relation between discussed various embodiment and/or setting.It should be noted that illustrated parts are not necessarily drawn in proportion in the accompanying drawings.The utility model has omitted the description of known assemblies and treatment technology and technique to avoid unnecessarily limiting the utility model.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of reservoir dam depression of the present utility model and horizontal displacement monitoring device, it comprises reference point detecting device and centralized manager, described centralized manager is arranged on one end of dam body, several equally spaced reference points are set on the ray taking centralized manager as end points, and in each datum, a reference point detecting device are set respectively.
As shown in Figure 2, described reference point detecting device comprises detecting device housing 1, image detection device 2, baffle mechanism 3, camera 4, detect controller 5 and solar panel 6, described detecting device housing 1 is rectangular parallelepiped housing, be respectively arranged with light hole 11 in two sides corresponding to rectangular parallelepiped housing, described image detection device 2 is arranged between interior two light holes of housing, between two light holes and image detection device, be also respectively arranged with baffle mechanism 3, described camera 4 is arranged on the inside sidewalls (being the positive side of the reflective cross 22 of Laser Interception) that image detection device is parallel to laser via, in order to carry out image acquisition, described detection controller 5 is arranged in detecting device housing 1, described solar panel arranges 6 tops at detecting device housing, described detection controller 5 respectively with baffle mechanism 3, camera 4 is connected with solar panel 6.
As shown in Figure 3, the image detection device 2 of described reference point detecting device comprises image detection device framework 21 and the reflective cross 22 of Laser Interception, described image detection device framework 21 is provided with the slotted eye of equidistant parallel distribution, the reflective cross 22 of described Laser Interception is arranged in the slotted eye of image detection device framework 21, and the reflective cross 22 place planes of Laser Interception are parallel with laser via; The reflective cross of described Laser Interception can be made up of two vertical laser reflecting strips, for the reflective cross of Laser Interception is securely fixed in the slotted eye of image detection device framework, the two ends of one of them laser reflecting strips that can be in two vertical laser reflecting strips arrange reinforcing strip, form " king " type structure in vertical or bedroom, or the two ends two laser reflecting strips all arrange reinforcing strip, form " field " structure.
As shown in Figure 4, the baffle mechanism 3 of described reference point detecting device comprises two baffle plates 31, baffle plate telescopic drive mechanism 32 and baffle plate moving drive mechanism 33, described two baffle plates 31 are connected by baffle plate telescopic drive mechanism 32, described baffle plate moving drive mechanism 33 is connected with baffle plate telescopic drive mechanism 32, described baffle plate telescopic drive mechanism 32 and baffle plate moving drive mechanism 33 respectively with detect controller 5 and be connected, and described baffle plate telescopic drive mechanism 32 and the end of travel of baffle plate moving drive mechanism 33 are provided with and the limit switch that detects controller and be connected.
As shown in Figure 5, the detection controller of described reference point detecting device comprises super low-power consumption STM8L series monolithic and the solar cell timing controller being connected with STM8L series monolithic respectively, OV7670 imageing sensor, EEPROM storage chip, data-carrier store, switching value input circuit, pwm pulse output circuit and radio frequency chip, described OV7670 imageing sensor is connected with camera, described switching value input circuit is connected with the limit switch of baffle mechanism, described pwm pulse output circuit by D/A converting circuit respectively with the servomotor M1 of baffle plate telescopic drive mechanism and baffle plate moving drive mechanism, M2, M3 is connected with M4.
As shown in Figure 6, described centralized manager comprises manager housing and Switching Power Supply, Management Controller, generating laser, loudspeaker and the laser via baffle mechanism in manager housing is set, described manager housing one side is provided with laser via, described generating laser is arranged on the position of corresponding laser via in manager housing, described laser via baffle mechanism is arranged between generating laser and laser via, and described management is controlled it and is connected with Switching Power Supply, generating laser, loudspeaker and laser via baffle mechanism respectively; Described laser via baffle mechanism comprises laser via baffle plate, the horizontal control gear of laser via baffle plate control gear vertical with laser via baffle plate, described Management Controller is connected with laser via baffle plate with the vertical control gear of laser via baffle plate by the horizontal control gear of laser via baffle plate, and the described horizontal control gear of laser via baffle plate is provided with the end of travel of the vertical control gear of laser via baffle plate the limit switch being connected with Management Controller.
As shown in Figure 7, the Management Controller of described centralized manager comprises that processor and the DC-DC power module being connected with processor respectively, GPRS module, ZigBee module, RS485 communication module, laser via baffle plate horizontal vertical move control module, laser generator control module, speaker drive module, EEPROM power down protection reservoir and switching value input circuit; Described laser via baffle plate horizontal vertical moves control module and comprises pwm pulse output circuit and D/A converting circuit, and described pwm pulse output circuit is connected with servomotor M5 and the M6 of laser via baffle plate horizontal drive mechanism and laser via baffle plate vertical drive mechanism respectively by D/A converting circuit; Described switching value input circuit is connected with the limit switch of laser via baffle mechanism; Wherein, described processor adopting STM32F series monolithic, described GPRS module adopts Siemens MC 35i GPRS module, and described ZigBee module adopts SX1231 radio frequency chip.
As scheme preferably, light hole described in the utility model and laser via all can adopt circular port, the hole of square opening or other upper and lower symmetric shape, and the area of section of light hole and laser via is greater than the logical Guang Kou of laser parallel light pipe cross section, when the region that the area of section of light hole is greater than the logical Guang Kou of laser parallel light pipe cross section is enough to collect dam body horizontal shift to greatest extent and depression occur, image (for example, if 800MM when laser bore, pick-up unit is 1000MM, 1000-800=200MM is that dam body may produce the region shift length that does large movement), laser is passed on the reflective cross of Laser Interception that light hole is radiated at image detection device.
As scheme preferably, this reservoir dam depression and horizontal displacement monitoring device also comprise host computer, and described host computer is connected with centralized manager by wireless communication mode or wire communication mode.
Reservoir dam depression of the present utility model and horizontal displacement monitoring device are the remote auto detections that realizes reservoir dam depression and horizontal shift based on laser tranmission techniques, wireless network sensor technology and CCD imaging technique.It mainly comprises: host computer, centralized manager and reference point detecting device, when work, given a warning by centralized manager, around reminding, personnel are away from the path of laser process, 15 seconds post commands send reference point detecting device and prepare the control command detecting, and after reference point detecting device all receives orders, upload and wait for laser reflection answer signal according to ZigBee-network agreement; Centralized manager is all ready to opens laser generator after order, sends the order of taking pictures simultaneously; Reference point detecting device is taken after obtaining taking order immediately; Centralized manager is sent the finish command, closes generating laser simultaneously; Reference point detecting device obtains the finish command, closes laser via, carries out image processing, and extracted valid data calculates reservoir dam depression and horizontal shift value.Centralized manager is waited until the laggard row data upload of upload command that receives host computer; Reference point detecting device enters dormancy and waits for mode of operation.
One, host computer
The management setting of centralized management, can carry out remote parameter setting to centralized manager by GPRS and RS485: the Best Times of real-time detection, sense cycle and detection to depression and horizontal shift, transfer the detection data that N time of centralized manager detect data and a year.Can check online the curve of depression and displacement.
Two, centralized manager
When work, carry out safety instruction by loudspeaker, after continuing for some time, open laser via, some row control commands occur to reference point detecting device, obtaining opening laser generator in always permission situation, carry out displacement detecting.The complete individual reference point displacement that obtains reference point detecting device.Deposit each point value and total depression and the horizontal shift situation of dam body in EEPROM, wait for host computer information concerning order.Centralized manager and host computer can realize GPRS or RS485 carries out data communication.
Management Controller is control core, mainly comprises: the SX1231 module of DC-DC power module, Siemens MC 35i GPRS module, ZigBee, RS485 communication module, laser via baffle plate horizontal vertical move control module, laser generator control module, loudspeaker module, power-down protection storage EEPROM module, laser via baffle plate and move limit switch module composition.
Three, reference point detecting device
Reference point detecting device cardinal principle utilizes laser to run into blocking of barrier can send out absorption, reflection, refraction, scattering and diffraction principle, connect interception, obtain characteristic indication, make a video recording and obtain one dimension image with CCD, carry out image processing, obtain validity information, calculate depression and the horizontal shift numerical value of dam body.
Build up and do not destroy as far as possible dam body and lay cable due to reservoir dam, so adopt solar cell for supplying power, oneself is very ripe for this technology, and it is few that reference point detecting device detects number of times, as long as have charge function, so less solar panel can meet.Reference point detecting device need to have shell protection; respectively there are two light holes whole like this reference point detecting device both sides; in order to prevent rainwater, the pollution of dust to the luminous cross of Laser Interception and camera; the baffle mechanism of light hole is blocked in design; square, circular and other laterally zygomorphic shapes that the shape of light hole can be designed to, the baffle shapes of corresponding baffle mechanism is also like this.Baffle plate has four, is wherein between two one group.When work, have Electric Machine Control horizontal mechanism to shrink, have Electric Machine Control vertical mechanism to swing up and down after contraction again, abdicate laser via, work complete, Electric Machine Control actuating mechanism is controlled laser hole is stopped up in the other direction.Realize high precision control, can add approach switch at horizontal and vertical mechanism end of travel.Camera adopts one dimension shooting, camera is arranged on to the positive side of laser via, and Laser Interception parabolic reflector is carried out to image acquisition.It is control core that reference point detecting device adopts the STM8L embedded scm of low-power consumption, realizes a series of controls of automatically measuring.
Light be can't see in space, can send out absorption, reflection, refraction, scattering and diffraction but run into blocking of object, utilizes this principle, can work as laser, in the profiling place of needs, one barrier is set, and presents the attribute of level and vertical shift simultaneously.Preferably barrier is that " cross " maybe can present other of two-dimensional plane intersection graph picture: " king's word ", " field word " type etc.Frame can be level and smooth bright conductor, and available metal, plastics, translucent, clear glass etc. are made, and in technique, are evident as master with meticulous and imaging.In the application in diagram the both sides of " ten " with middle parallel be two supports of fixing " ten " use, as support applications, not as the mark of image acquisition.
Reservoir dam is longer, a check point can not reflect dam deformation situation, in requisition for selecting several reference points to detect, so cross that in detection, design multiple (10 for the time being) different paths are parallel to each other, can be according to different choice reference point on dam body, regulate the position of cross can detect depression and the horizontal shift of a reference point.Laser is damaged through the light beam of interception parabolic reflector, and emissive porwer is reduced greatly.But as long as the position difference of the cross of each reference point is just independent of each other mutually.
The controller of reference point detecting device is selected the super low-power consumption 8 8-digit microcontroller STM8L series of 8 frameworks of STMicw Electronics (STMicroelectronics) high-performance, and this chip is to save operation and stand-by power consumption as characteristic.Low-power-consumption embedded nonvolatile memory and multiple powder source management mode are the innovation characteristics of STM8L series.Powder source management mode comprises initiatively stop mode (real-time clock operation) and 350nA stop mode of 5.4 μ A low power operation patterns, 3.3 μ A low-power consumption standby patterns, 1 μ A, and various modes is applicable to energy-conserving and environment-protective demand and the higher field of battery life cycle STM8L series.This controller starts wireless module for 3 ~ 5 seconds and carries out order and obtain, if obtain the sense command of host computer, enter mode of operation, power to all devices, by horizontal and vertical motor with carry out control gear and open the baffle plate of laser via, receive take order after take pictures immediately, close laser via simultaneously, carry out image processing, obtain the image of " ten ", carry out the calculating of depression and horizontal shift, be completely uploaded to host computer according to agreement.Testing process is complete.
The utility model specific implementation process is as follows: (general approximately 100 meters) install a reference point detecting device first as requested, and the position of the inner cross of each reference point detecting device is all different.After installing, then carry out initialization debugging.The initial laser image of the each reference point detecting device of control synchronous acquisition by Centralized Controller, deposits the significant value of image in EEPROM in.In testing process, reference point detecting device wakes up once every 5 seconds, carries out obtaining of order, enters mode of operation once obtain order, waits for that opening baffle plate takes order.After testing, depression and horizontal shift value are transferred to host computer by reference point detecting device.Mode of operation and the working condition of reference point detecting device are determined by host computer.
In addition, range of application of the present utility model is not limited to technique, mechanism, manufacture, material composition, means, method and the step of the specific embodiment of describing in instructions.From disclosure of the present utility model, to easily understand as those of ordinary skill in the art, for had or be about at present technique, mechanism, manufacture, material composition, means, method or the step developed later, wherein they carry out identical function or the identical result of acquisition cardinal principle of corresponding embodiment cardinal principle of describing with the utility model, can apply them according to the utility model.Therefore, the utility model claims are intended to these technique, mechanism, manufacture, material composition, means, method or step to be included in its protection domain.
Claims (10)
1. reservoir dam depression and horizontal displacement monitoring device, it is characterized in that, comprise reference point detecting device and centralized manager, described centralized manager is arranged on one end of dam body, several equally spaced reference points are set on the ray taking centralized manager as end points, and in each datum, a reference point detecting device are set respectively;
Described reference point detecting device comprises detecting device housing, image detection device, baffle mechanism, camera, detect controller and solar panel, described detecting device housing is rectangular parallelepiped housing, the two sides corresponding at rectangular parallelepiped housing are respectively arranged with light hole, described image detection device is arranged between interior two light holes of housing, between two light holes and image detection device, be also respectively arranged with baffle mechanism, described camera is arranged on the inside sidewalls that image detection device is parallel to laser via, described detection controller is arranged in detecting device housing, described solar panel is arranged on detecting device case top, described detection controller respectively with baffle mechanism, camera is connected with solar panel,
Described centralized manager comprises manager housing and Switching Power Supply, Management Controller, generating laser, loudspeaker and the laser via baffle mechanism in manager housing is set, described manager housing one side is provided with laser via, described generating laser is arranged on the position of corresponding laser via in manager housing, described laser via baffle mechanism is arranged between generating laser and laser via, and described management is controlled it and is connected with Switching Power Supply, generating laser, loudspeaker and laser via baffle mechanism respectively.
2. reservoir dam depression according to claim 1 and horizontal displacement monitoring device, it is characterized in that, described image detection device comprises image detection device framework and the reflective cross of Laser Interception, described image detection device framework is provided with the slotted eye of equidistant parallel distribution, the reflective cross of described Laser Interception is arranged in the slotted eye of image detection device framework, and the reflective cross of Laser Interception place plane is parallel with laser via.
3. reservoir dam depression according to claim 1 and horizontal displacement monitoring device, it is characterized in that, described baffle mechanism comprises two baffle plates, baffle plate telescopic drive mechanism and baffle plate moving drive mechanism, described two baffle plates are connected by baffle plate telescopic drive mechanism, described baffle plate moving drive mechanism is connected with baffle plate telescopic drive mechanism, described baffle plate telescopic drive mechanism is connected with detection controller respectively with baffle plate moving drive mechanism, and described baffle plate telescopic drive mechanism and the end of travel of baffle plate moving drive mechanism are provided with and the limit switch that detects controller and be connected.
4. reservoir dam depression according to claim 3 and horizontal displacement monitoring device, it is characterized in that, described detection controller comprises super low power consuming single chip processor and the solar cell timing controller being connected with single-chip microcomputer respectively, OV7670 imageing sensor, EEPROM storage chip, data-carrier store, switching value input circuit and pwm pulse output circuit, described OV7670 imageing sensor is connected with camera, described switching value input circuit is connected with the limit switch of baffle mechanism, described pwm pulse output circuit is connected with the servomotor of baffle plate telescopic drive mechanism and baffle plate moving drive mechanism respectively by D/A converting circuit.
5. reservoir dam depression according to claim 4 and horizontal displacement monitoring device, is characterized in that, described single-chip microcomputer adopts STM8L series monolithic.
6. reservoir dam depression according to claim 4 and horizontal displacement monitoring device, is characterized in that, described detection controller also comprises radio frequency chip, and described radio frequency chip is connected with single-chip microcomputer.
7. reservoir dam depression according to claim 1 and horizontal displacement monitoring device, it is characterized in that, described laser via baffle mechanism comprises laser via baffle plate, the horizontal control gear of laser via baffle plate control gear vertical with laser via baffle plate, described Management Controller is connected with laser via baffle plate with the vertical control gear of laser via baffle plate by the horizontal control gear of laser via baffle plate, and the described horizontal control gear of laser via baffle plate is provided with the end of travel of the vertical control gear of laser via baffle plate the limit switch being connected with Management Controller.
8. reservoir dam depression according to claim 7 and horizontal displacement monitoring device, it is characterized in that, described Management Controller comprises that processor and the DC-DC power module being connected with processor respectively, GPRS module, ZigBee module, RS485 communication module, laser via baffle plate horizontal vertical move control module, laser generator control module, speaker drive module, EEPROM power down protection reservoir and switching value input circuit; Described laser via baffle plate horizontal vertical moves control module and comprises pwm pulse output circuit and D/A converting circuit, and described pwm pulse output circuit is connected with the servomotor of laser via baffle plate horizontal drive mechanism and laser via baffle plate vertical drive mechanism respectively by D/A converting circuit; Described switching value input circuit is connected with the limit switch of laser via baffle mechanism.
9. according to reservoir dam depression and horizontal displacement monitoring device described in claim 1-8 any one, it is characterized in that, described light hole and laser via are circular port or square opening.
10. according to reservoir dam depression and horizontal displacement monitoring device described in claim 1-8 any one, it is characterized in that, also comprise host computer, described host computer is connected with centralized manager by wireless communication mode or wire communication mode.
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| CN201420510472.7U CN204007521U (en) | 2014-09-05 | 2014-09-05 | Reservoir dam depression and horizontal displacement monitoring device |
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| CN104197852A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2014-12-10 | 济南大学 | System for monitoring sinking and horizontal displacement of reservoir dam body |
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| CN108614280A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-10-02 | 夏小林 | A kind of dykes and dams offset monitoring and early warning equipment |
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| CN108844433A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-11-20 | 安徽悦众车身装备有限公司 | A kind of front and back end trunnion pin hole quality testing tooling of automobile crane |
| CN110206075A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-09-06 | 中交天津港湾工程研究院有限公司 | A kind of deep foundation pit supporting structure top horizontal displacement monitor and application method |
| CN110206075B (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2024-05-14 | 中交天津港湾工程研究院有限公司 | Device for monitoring horizontal displacement of top of deep foundation pit supporting structure and application method |
| CN112964191A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-06-15 | 四川合众精准科技有限公司 | Micro-deformation laser collimation measurement method |
| CN117570910A (en) * | 2024-01-17 | 2024-02-20 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Narrow valley dam body deformation monitoring device |
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