CN203989950U - A kind of grease extractor - Google Patents
A kind of grease extractor Download PDFInfo
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- CN203989950U CN203989950U CN201420327257.3U CN201420327257U CN203989950U CN 203989950 U CN203989950 U CN 203989950U CN 201420327257 U CN201420327257 U CN 201420327257U CN 203989950 U CN203989950 U CN 203989950U
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Abstract
A kind of grease extractor, comprise bottle at the bottom of condenser pipe, grease, speed governing type extraction assembly, flexible tube connector and siphon assembly, speed governing type extraction assembly comprises solvent storage cylinder, flow speed control valve, extraction cylinder and vapor uptake, solvent storage cylinder is connected by pipe fitting with extraction cylinder, flow speed control valve is arranged on and connects solvent storage cylinder and extract on the pipe fitting of cylinder, one end of vapor uptake is connected with solvent storage cylinder, its other end is connected with extraction cylinder, siphon assembly comprises shell and installation inverted U-shaped siphon pipe in the enclosure, and the bottom surface of shell is provided with feet; Described condenser pipe is connected with the solvent storage cylinder free end in speed governing type extraction assembly, described siphon assembly is placed in flexible tube connector, the upper end of flexible tube connector is connected with the extraction cylinder free end in speed governing type extraction assembly, and the lower end of flexible tube connector is connected with bottle at the bottom of grease.Use this grease extractor to extract grease, it is controlled that extraction rate is adjustable, can improve extraction efficiency, convenient solvent reclaiming, safety.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to grease extractive technique field, particularly a kind of grease extractor.
Background technology
The existing classical apparatus,Soxhlet's grease extractor that is otherwise known as, be widely used in the extraction of grease in various materials, bottle at the bottom of condenser pipe, extraction tube and grease, consist of, extraction tube both sides external is provided with siphon pipe and vapor uptake, and condenser pipe, extraction tube are connected successively with bottle at the bottom of grease.Adopt apparatus,Soxhlet's to extract being operating as of grease: sample, with being wrapped in fat-free filter paper, is placed in to extraction tube; In bottle at the bottom of grease, add organic solvent, then bottle at the bottom of grease is carried out to heating water bath, the steam that organic solvent evaporation produces enters condenser pipe along breather pipe and carries out condensation, be back to and in extraction tube, extract grease, in extraction tube solvent liquid level higher than in siphon pipe highest point along time there is siphon, organic solvent is taken the grease extracting and is back to together bottle at the bottom of grease, being back to the solvent of bottle at the bottom of grease continues to be evaporated, grease stays because boiling point is high, so move in circles, until the grease in sample is extracted totally.
But above-mentioned classical Soxhlet extractor has the following disadvantages: after (1) grease extracting, extract solvent and sample and be all arranged in extraction tube, after taking out sample, must take off extraction tube, manually inclination extraction tube could reclaim solvent wherein smoothly, because grease extracts, conventionally adopt the poisonous and harmful organic reagents such as carrene, benzinum, ether, in the process of sample separation and recovery solvent, can cause adverse effect to operator and environment; (2) because siphon speed can affect the efficiency that grease extracts, above-mentioned apparatus,Soxhlet's can only be by regulating bath temperature control the amount of rising steam and then regulate siphon speed, but the response of this adjusting is slow and difficult accurately adjusting, this can cause operator's workload to increase, and also can affect grease extraction efficiency; (3) because siphon pipe itself is thinner, and the siphon pipe of above-mentioned apparatus,Soxhlet's is positioned at the outside of extraction tube, in grease extracting or when cleaning, easily causes siphon pipe damaged; (4) because extraction tube is directly exposed in air, cause extraction solvent wherein cooling very fast, especially, when environment temperature is too low, along with extracting the reduction of solvent temperature, the dissolution rate of grease will slow down, and finally causes grease extraction efficiency to reduce.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of grease extractor is provided, and uses this grease extractor to extract grease, and it is controlled that extraction rate is adjustable, can improve extraction efficiency, and convenient solvent reclaiming, safety.
The grease extractor that the utility model provides, comprise condenser pipe, bottle at the bottom of grease, also comprise speed governing type extraction assembly, flexible tube connector and siphon assembly, described speed governing type extraction assembly comprises solvent storage cylinder, flow speed control valve, extract cylinder and vapor uptake, solvent storage cylinder is connected by pipe fitting with extraction cylinder, flow speed control valve is arranged on and connects solvent storage cylinder and extract on the pipe fitting of cylinder, one end of vapor uptake is connected with solvent storage cylinder, its other end is connected with extraction cylinder, described siphon assembly comprises shell and inverted U-shaped siphon pipe is in the enclosure installed, the bottom surface of shell is provided with feet, described condenser pipe is connected with the solvent storage cylinder free end in speed governing type extraction assembly, described siphon assembly is placed in flexible tube connector, the upper end of described flexible tube connector is connected with the extraction cylinder free end in speed governing type extraction assembly, and the lower end of flexible tube connector is connected with bottle at the bottom of grease.
In technique scheme, described siphon pipe is along the inwall setting of shell, and siphonal one end is near the bottom surface of shell, and the other end stretches out through the bottom surface of shell.
In technique scheme, described flexible tube connector is comprised of two sections of different pipes of internal diameter that are interconnected, and the internal diameter of superposed pipe is greater than the internal diameter of the pipe that is positioned at bottom.
In technique scheme, described siphon assembly is placed on the annular bottom surface of superposed pipe of flexible tube connector.
In technique scheme, for the space availability ratio that improves solvent storage cylinder and extract cylinder, one end of described vapor uptake is connected with the top of solvent storage cylinder, and the other end is connected with the top of extracting cylinder.
In technique scheme, at the bottom of described grease, bottle is round-bottomed flask or boiling flask.
In technique scheme, described condenser pipe is spherical condensation tube, serpentine condenser or snake spherical condensation tube.
In technique scheme, in order to improve the sealing effectiveness between each parts, the bottleneck of bottle at the bottom of described grease is, the connector of the connector of the top and bottom of flexible tube connector, the free-ended connector of solvent storage cylinder, the free-ended connector of extraction cylinder, condenser pipe is frosted interface.
In technique scheme, the connector of described flexible tube connector lower end, the size of the free-ended connector of solvent storage cylinder all design according to GB, can stablely with other glass apparatus in laboratory be connected when guaranteeing to use.
In technique scheme, in order to guarantee that siphon assembly is stably placed in flexible tube connector, the quantity of the feet of described siphon assembly is preferably 3.
In technique scheme, the external diameter of described siphon assembly is less than the internal diameter of flexible tube connector top pipe, is not only convenient to the installation of siphon assembly, and can guarantee that the extraction solvent vapo(u)r that bottle rises at the bottom of grease enters in condenser pipe smoothly.
Compared with prior art, the utlity model has following beneficial effect:
1. the utility model provides a kind of grease extractor of new structure, uses this grease extractor to extract grease, extracts convenient solvent reclaiming, safety, and extraction rate is adjustable and extraction efficiency is high.
2. owing to being provided with speed governing type extraction assembly in grease extractor described in the utility model, thereby when grease extracts end, sample is what to separate with extracting solvent, the recovery of extracting solvent is very convenient, while having avoided adopting existing apparatus,Soxhlet's to extract grease, manually inclination extraction tube reclaims the operation inconvenience of extracting solvent, has also avoided poisonous and hazardous extraction solvent in this process to cause adverse effect to operator and environment simultaneously.
3. owing to being provided with speed governing type extraction assembly in grease extractor described in the utility model, thereby in grease leaching process, can extract solvent refluxing speed by regulating the control valve of speed governing type extraction assembly to adjust quickly and accurately, thereby regulate the siphon speed of siphon assembly, be conducive to improve the efficiency that grease extracts.
3. the siphon assembly due to grease extractor described in the utility model is arranged in flexible tube connector and extracts the formed space of cylinder, flexible tube connector has insulation effect with extraction cylinder to the extraction solvent in siphon assembly, the import of vapor uptake is simultaneously positioned at the top of siphon assembly, when grease extracts, the vaporized extraction solvent of siphon assembly shrouds, this has also played insulation effect, thereby can slow down and in siphon assembly, extract the cooling speed of solvent, thereby improve grease extraction efficiency.
4. due to the inwall setting along siphon package shell of the siphon pipe of grease extractor described in the utility model; the wall of shell has protective effect to siphon pipe; thereby can reduce when cleaning or using siphon pipe is caused to damaged risk; and; when grease extracts; siphon assembly is arranged in flexible tube connector and extracts the space that cylinder forms, and this can be avoided operator in grease leaching process, siphon pipe to be damaged.
5. grease extractor described in the utility model is simple in structure, and in simple glass instrument plant, being adopted as cold working mode can produce, without using mould to produce, thereby with low cost, easy to utilize.
6. in grease extractor described in the utility model, the connector of flexible tube connector lower end, the size of the free-ended connector of solvent storage cylinder all design according to GB, during use and the compatibility of other glass apparatus good, if there is damage, needn't the whole series again buy, only need to change corresponding component, therefore can reduce the cost of operation and maintenance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of grease extractor described in the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of speed governing type extraction assembly described in the utility model;
Fig. 3 is the cutaway view of flexible tube connector described in the utility model;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of siphon assembly described in the utility model;
In figure, 1-condenser pipe, 1-1-water inlet, 1-2-delivery port, 2-speed governing type extraction assembly, 2-1-solvent storage cylinder, 2-2-flow speed control valve, 2-3-extraction cylinder, 2-4-vapor uptake, the superposed pipe of 3-flexible tube connector, 3-1-flexible tube connector, the pipe that is positioned at bottom of 3-2-flexible tube connector, 4-siphon assembly, 4-1-siphon pipe, 4-2-feet, 4-3-shell, bottle at the bottom of 5-grease.
The specific embodiment
Below by embodiment and by reference to the accompanying drawings grease extractor described in the utility model and using method thereof and result of use are described further.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, described grease extractor, comprise spherical condensation tube 1, at the bottom of grease, bottle 5, also comprise speed governing type extraction assembly 2, flexible tube connector 3 and siphon assembly 4, at the bottom of grease, bottle 5 is round-bottomed flask, described speed governing type extraction assembly 2 comprises solvent storage cylinder 2-1, the flow speed control valve 2-2 that polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is made, extract cylinder 2-3 and vapor uptake 2-4, solvent storage cylinder 2-1 is connected by pipe fitting with an extraction cylinder 2-3, flow speed control valve 2-2 is arranged on and connects solvent storage cylinder and extract on the pipe fitting of cylinder, one end of vapor uptake 2-4 is connected with the top of solvent storage cylinder 2-1, its other end is connected with the top of extracting cylinder 2-3, described flexible tube connector 3 is comprised of two sections of different pipes of internal diameter that are interconnected, and the internal diameter of superposed pipe 3-1 is greater than the internal diameter of the pipe 3-2 that is positioned at bottom, described siphon assembly 4 comprises shell 4-3 and inverted U-shaped siphon pipe 4-1 is in the enclosure installed, the external diameter of shell is less than the internal diameter of the pipe 3-1 on flexible tube connector top, the bottom surface of shell is provided with 3 feet 4-2, described siphon pipe 4-1 is along the inwall setting of shell, siphonal one end is near the bottom surface of shell, and the other end stretches out through the bottom surface of shell.
Described condenser pipe 1 is connected with the solvent storage cylinder 2-1 free end in speed governing type extraction assembly, and described siphon assembly 4 is placed on the annular bottom surface of superposed pipe 3-1 of flexible tube connector.The upper end of described flexible tube connector 3 is connected with the extraction cylinder 2-3 free end in speed governing type extraction assembly, and the lower end of flexible tube connector is connected with bottle at the bottom of grease 5.
The bottleneck of bottle at the bottom of described grease is, the connector of the connector of the top and bottom of flexible tube connector, the free-ended connector of solvent storage cylinder, the free-ended connector of extraction cylinder, condenser pipe lower end is frosted interface, with the sealing that guarantees to connect.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides the using method of grease extractor of the present invention, synchronously uses described in embodiment 1 grease extractor and apparatus,Soxhlet's to extract the grease in leather sample.
1. grease extracts experiment
Described in employing embodiment 1, the step of grease extractor extraction grease is as follows:
(1) flow speed control valve 2-2 is cleaned, dried with distilled water, spherical condensation tube 1, speed governing type extraction assembly 2, flexible tube connector 3 and siphon assembly 4 use distilled water are cleaned and dried in baking oven, constant weight is cleaned and be dried in baking oven to the 5 use distilled water of bottle at the bottom of grease;
(2) weigh 4.9990g leather sample, with filter paper and absorbent cotton, wrap up this sample production filtration paper cylinder;
(3) bottle at the bottom of grease be placed in to water-bath and fix with iron stand, by the bottleneck of bottle at the bottom of the connector insertion grease of the pipe 3-2 that is arranged in bottom of flexible tube connector, siphon assembly is placed on the annular bottom surface of superposed pipe 3-1 of flexible tube connector, then the filtration paper cylinder of step (2) being made is put into siphon assembly, the connector that speed governing type extraction assembly is extracted to cylinder lower end inserts in the connector of superposed pipe of flexible tube connector and fixes with iron stand, in solvent storage cylinder 2-1, add 100mL to extract methylene chloride, opening flow speed control valve all enters in the shell of siphon assembly carrene, the connector of condenser pipe lower end is inserted in the connector that speed governing extracts cylinder upper end and fixed with iron stand, water inlet 1-1 at condenser pipe is connected rubber tube with on delivery port 1-2,
(4) logical condensed water, condensed water is discharged from delivery port after entering condenser pipe and extraction solvent vapo(u)r heat exchange wherein by water inlet, open water bath, adjusting water-bath temperature are 95 ℃ simultaneously, start to extract grease, record respectively the time that siphon each time refluxes, computing time, interval, refluxed once by regulating bath temperature and flow speed control valve to make back-flow velocity remain on every 8～12min; Reflux altogether 30 times, while refluxing for the 29th time, the flow speed control valve of grease extractor cuts out, the solvent in siphon package shell remains when few, slightly opens flow speed control valve and adds some solvents, impels and has refluxed for the 30th time, and close flow speed control valve immediately; Continue heating until in grease solvent substantially evaporate;
(5) after the solvent in bottle at the bottom of grease evaporates substantially, close water-bath power supply, stop logical condensed water, remove condenser pipe, the carrene in solvent storage cylinder to be poured in returnable, the sample taking out in siphon assembly reclaims;
(6) bottle at the bottom of grease is placed in to baking oven, at 102 ± 2 ℃, dry 4h, taking-up is dry, cooling in drier, with same balance weighing, record data, then the baking oven that continues to put into 102 ± 2 ℃ dries 0.5h, takes out that to put into drier dry, cooling, weighs, record data, repeat operation dry in aforementioned oven for drying, condenser, cooling and that weigh, until bottle quality reaches constant weight (at the bottom of grease, before and after bottle, quality differs not enough 0.001g) at the bottom of grease;
(7) clean instrument, arrange experimental apparatus, experiment with computing result.
Adopt the step of the fat content in Soxhlet extractor extraction leather sample as follows:
(1) spherical condensation tube of apparatus,Soxhlet's, siphon pipe are cleaned and dried in baking oven with distilled water, constant weight is cleaned and be dried in baking oven to bottle at the bottom of grease with distilled water;
(2) weigh 4.9961g leather sample, with filter paper and absorbent cotton, wrap up this sample production filtration paper cylinder;
(3) bottle at the bottom of grease be placed in to water-bath and fix with iron stand, by in the bottleneck of bottle at the bottom of the connector insertion grease of extraction tube lower end, then the filtration paper cylinder of step (2) being made is put into and is extracted cylinder, to extracting in cylinder, add 100mL to extract methylene chloride, condenser pipe inserted in the connector of extraction tube upper end and fix with iron stand, at the water inlet of condenser pipe, being connected rubber tube with on delivery port;
(4) logical condensed water, condensed water is discharged from delivery port after entering condenser pipe and extraction solvent vapo(u)r heat exchange wherein by water inlet, open water bath, adjusting water-bath temperature are 95 ℃ simultaneously, start to extract grease, the time that record refluxes each time respectively, computing time, interval, and refluxed once by regulating bath temperature to make back-flow velocity remain on every 8～12min;
(5) after grease extractor described in embodiment 1 has refluxed for the 30th time, finish the extraction of apparatus,Soxhlet's to grease, extraction tube is taken off, the sample taking out wherein reclaims, and the extraction tube that then tilts, makes solvent wherein all be back in returnable; Remove extraction tube, continue to be heated at the bottom of grease the solvent in bottle be substantially evaporated completely complete, close water-bath power supply, stop logical condensed water, remove condenser pipe;
(6) bottle at the bottom of grease is placed in to baking oven, at 102 ± 2 ℃, dry 4h, taking-up is dry, cooling in drier, with same balance weighing, record data, then put into 102 ± 2 ℃ of baking ovens and dry 0.5h, it is dry, cooling that drier is put in taking-up, weighing, record data, repeat operation dry in aforementioned oven for drying, condenser, cooling and that weigh, until bottle quality reaches constant weight (at the bottom of grease, before and after bottle, quality differs not enough 0.001g) at the bottom of grease;
(7) clean instrument, arrange experimental apparatus, experiment with computing result.
2. experimental data and result
Before grease extracts, at the bottom of grease, bottle constant weight data are as shown in table 1, and grease is as shown in table 2 with the constant weight data of bottle at the bottom of the grease of grease after extracting, and fat content data are as shown in table 3.
Bottle constant weight data at the bottom of grease before table 1 grease extracts
After table 2 grease extracts with the constant weight data of bottle at the bottom of the grease of grease
Table 3 fat content data
As shown in Table 3, adopt the grease extractor shown in apparatus,Soxhlet's and the utility model to extract the grease in sample, fat content data consistent, the grease extractor of this explanation utility model is extracted and is had same accuracy with current Soxhlet.
3. repeat grease and extract experiment
According to the operation in " 1. grease extract experiment ", synchronously use described in embodiment 1 grease extractor and apparatus,Soxhlet's to extract the grease in leather sample.Total grease extraction time is all set as 1h; Carrene consumption is: Soxhlet is extracted extractor 150mL, grease extractor 120mL described in embodiment 1.Result is as shown in table 4.
Table 4 fat content data
As shown in Table 4, under identical extraction time, to close weight sample, grease extractor described in the utility model can extract more grease, and to extract its grease extraction efficiency higher for grease of the present utility model; And to the use amount of carrene still less, this is conducive to save extraction reagent to grease extractor of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. a grease extractor, comprise condenser pipe (1), bottle at the bottom of grease (5), characterized by further comprising speed governing type extraction assembly (2), flexible tube connector (3) and siphon assembly (4), described speed governing type extraction assembly (2) comprises solvent storage cylinder (2-1), flow speed control valve (2-2), extract cylinder (2-3) and vapor uptake (2-4), solvent storage cylinder (2-1) is connected by pipe fitting with extraction cylinder (2-3), flow speed control valve (2-2) is arranged on and connects solvent storage cylinder and extract on the pipe fitting of cylinder, one end of vapor uptake (2-4) is connected with solvent storage cylinder (2-1), its other end is connected with extraction cylinder (2-3), described siphon assembly (4) comprises shell (4-3) and inverted U-shaped siphon pipe (4-1) is in the enclosure installed, the bottom surface of shell is provided with feet (4-2),
Described condenser pipe (1) is connected with solvent storage cylinder (2-1) free end in speed governing type extraction assembly, described siphon assembly (4) is placed in flexible tube connector (3), the upper end of described flexible tube connector (3) is connected with extraction cylinder (2-3) free end in speed governing type extraction assembly, and the lower end of flexible tube connector is connected with bottle at the bottom of grease (5).
2. grease extractor according to claim 1, is characterized in that described siphon pipe (4-1) is along the inwall setting of shell, and siphonal one end is near the bottom surface of shell, and the other end stretches out through the bottom surface of shell.
3. grease extractor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described flexible tube connector (3) is comprised of two sections of different pipes of internal diameter that are interconnected, the internal diameter of superposed pipe (3-1) is greater than the internal diameter of the pipe (3-2) that is positioned at bottom.
4. grease extractor according to claim 3, is characterized in that described siphon assembly (4) is placed on the annular bottom surface of superposed pipe (3-1) of flexible tube connector.
5. according to grease extractor described in arbitrary claim in claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that one end of described vapor uptake (2-4) is connected with the top of solvent storage cylinder (2-1), the other end is connected with the top of extracting cylinder (2-3).
6. according to grease extractor described in arbitrary claim in claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that at the bottom of described grease that bottle (5) is round-bottomed flask or boiling flask.
7. according to grease extractor described in arbitrary claim in claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that described condenser pipe (1) is spherical condensation tube, serpentine condenser or snake spherical condensation tube.
8. according to grease extractor described in arbitrary claim in claim 1 to 4, the connector that it is characterized in that the bottleneck of bottle, the connector of the top and bottom of flexible tube connector, the free-ended connector of solvent storage cylinder at the bottom of described grease, extracts the free-ended connector of cylinder, condenser pipe is frosted interface.
9. grease extractor according to claim 5, the connector that it is characterized in that the bottleneck of bottle, the connector of the top and bottom of flexible tube connector, the free-ended connector of solvent storage cylinder at the bottom of described grease, extracts the free-ended connector of cylinder, condenser pipe is frosted interface.
10. according to grease extractor described in arbitrary claim in claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that the quantity of the feet (4-2) of described siphon assembly (4) is 3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420327257.3U CN203989950U (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2014-06-19 | A kind of grease extractor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420327257.3U CN203989950U (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2014-06-19 | A kind of grease extractor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203989950U true CN203989950U (en) | 2014-12-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201420327257.3U Expired - Fee Related CN203989950U (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2014-06-19 | A kind of grease extractor |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111632639A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-09-08 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Heating reflux extraction method and bracket assembly for implementing same |
-
2014
- 2014-06-19 CN CN201420327257.3U patent/CN203989950U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111632639A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-09-08 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Heating reflux extraction method and bracket assembly for implementing same |
| CN111632639B (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2022-03-08 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Heating reflux extraction method |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20141210 Termination date: 20150619 |
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| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |