CN203951397U - The PWM drive unit of DC motor - Google Patents
The PWM drive unit of DC motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN203951397U CN203951397U CN201420372266.4U CN201420372266U CN203951397U CN 203951397 U CN203951397 U CN 203951397U CN 201420372266 U CN201420372266 U CN 201420372266U CN 203951397 U CN203951397 U CN 203951397U
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The utility model relates to electric automobile manufacturing technology field, it is a kind of specifically that to have cost low, reliable operation, anti-electromagnetic interference, can effectively improve the PWM drive unit of the DC motor of the advantages such as battery utilance, it is characterized in that being also provided with IGBT drive circuit, pwm control circuit, wherein the output of IGBT drive circuit is connected with DC electromotor with brush, pwm control circuit is connected with the control signal input of IGBT drive circuit, the utility model compared with prior art, there is cost low, reliable operation, anti-electromagnetic interference, can effectively improve the significant advantages such as battery utilance.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to electric automobile manufacturing technology field, a kind ofly specifically has that cost is low, a reliable operation, anti-electromagnetic interference, can effectively improve the PWM drive unit of the DC motor of the advantages such as battery utilance.
Background technology
As everyone knows, electric automobile is owing to adopting electric energy to drive, significant for environmental protection and alleviating energy crisis.The motor that present stage is applied on electric automobile comprises DC Brushless Motor and brush motor, and wherein brush motor driving force is more powerful, and cost is lower, therefore be widely used in low-speed electronic automobile, such as old scooter, tour bus, electronic buggy etc.The dynamical system of electric automobile comprises motor, the motor controller being connected with motor and DC power supply (storage battery), wherein in motor controller, be provided with motor drive circuit, motor completes the actions such as startup, speed change under the effect of drive circuit.Traditional motor drive circuit adopts the mode of armature crosstalk resistance, although can realize startup, speed-regulating function, but efficiency is low, the multilevel resistance that seals in circuit has consumed most of power, in order further to improve the operating efficiency of motor, research staff has proposed the DC motor drive circuit based on intelligent control chip, and this type of drive circuit is owing to assisting lower realization by the control program in single-chip microcomputer or other chips, easily there is the unstable situations such as race flies, and be subject to electromagnetic interference.
Summary of the invention
The utility model is for the shortcoming and defect existing in prior art, proposed a kind ofly have that cost is low, reliable operation, anti-electromagnetic interference, can effectively improve the PWM drive unit of the DC motor of the advantages such as battery utilance.
The utility model can reach by following measures:
A kind of PWM drive unit of DC motor, be provided with the DC power supply and the DC electromotor with brush that are used to device power supply, it is characterized in that being also provided with IGBT drive circuit, pwm control circuit, wherein the output of IGBT drive circuit is connected with DC electromotor with brush, and pwm control circuit is connected with the control signal input of IGBT drive circuit.
IGBT drive circuit described in the utility model comprises IGBT pipe, diode D1, D2, D3, magnet exciting coil L, wherein the collector electrode of IGBT pipe is connected with the negative pole of diode D3, the emitter of IGBT pipe is connected with the positive pole of DC power supply, the positive pole of diode D3 is connected with the negative pole of DC power supply, the negative pole of diode D1 is connected with the emitter of IGBT pipe, the positive pole of diode D1 is connected with DC power cathode, the negative pole of diode D2 is connected with DC power anode, the two ends of magnet exciting coil L are respectively and between diode D1 negative pole and the negative pole of DC power supply, DC electromotor with brush is connected between diode D2 positive pole and DC power cathode, the gate pole of IGBT pipe is connected with the output of pwm control circuit.
In the utility model pwm control circuit comprise driver module, be connected with driver module input+5V power circuit, the PWM logic control circuit that is connected with driver module input, wherein PWM logic control circuit comprises and logic module, be connected with driver module input with the output of logic module, be connected with pedal signal input circuit with logic module Yi road input, produce circuit with another road input and the pwm control signal of logic module and be connected.
Pwm control signal described in the utility model produces that circuit is provided with or the square-wave signal of 180 ° of logic module and the phasic differences of two-way phase produces circuit, the output that wherein square-wave signal of 180 ° of two-way phase phasic differences produces circuit is sent into respectively or the input of logic module, and described square-wave signal produces emitter follower, saw-tooth wave generating circuit, the Schmidt circuit that circuit comprises series connection successively.
Pwm control signal described in the utility model produces circuit and is also provided with the crystal oscillator for generating pwm signal, 32 frequency dividers that are connected with crystal oscillator, wherein frequency divider Yi road output is sent into square-wave signal and is produced circuit after inverter is processed, and another road output is directly sent into the second road square-wave signal and produced circuit.
The utility model in use, when car key, open, system powers on, and magnet exciting coil L powers on, IGBT drive circuit is under the control of pwm control circuit, the running of driving DC electromotor with brush, wherein when IGBT pipe is open-minded, DC electromotor with brush running, diode D3 is armature afterflow, when IGBT pipe turn-offs and DC electromotor with brush rotating speed is high, the too high back electromotive force of armature will be fed back to DC power supply by diode D2, and play the effect of speed limit; In the course of work of IGBT drive circuit, pwm control circuit is controlled the on off operating mode of IGBT pipe, is specially: when with logic module output high level, driver module is not exported useful signal, and IGBT manages shutoff; When with logic module output low level, driver module output useful signal, IGBT pipe is open-minded; Wherein by pedal signal input circuit and pwm control signal, produce circuit with the output of logic module and determine, and if only if, and pedal signal input circuit is effective, and pwm control signal produces circuit when effective, and device completes driving work.
The utility model compared with prior art, has that cost is low, a reliable operation, anti-electromagnetic interference, can effectively improve the significant advantages such as battery utilance.
accompanying drawing explanation:
Accompanying drawing 1 is structured flowchart of the present utility model.
Accompanying drawing 2 is a kind of execution mode schematic diagrames of the present utility model.
Accompanying drawing 3 is a kind of structural representations that in the utility model, pwm control signal produces circuit.
Accompanying drawing 4 is pwm signal oscillograms in the utility model course of work.
Reference numeral: DC power supply 1, DC electromotor with brush 2, IGBT drive circuit 3, pwm control circuit 4, driver module 5, produce circuit 8 with logic module 6, pedal signal input circuit 7, pwm control signal.
embodiment:
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is further described.
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model proposes a kind of PWM drive unit of DC motor, be provided with the DC power supply 1 and the DC electromotor with brush 2 that are used to device power supply, it is characterized in that being also provided with IGBT drive circuit 3, pwm control circuit 4, wherein the output of IGBT drive circuit 3 is connected with DC electromotor with brush 2, and pwm control circuit 4 is connected with the control signal input of IGBT drive circuit 3; In the utility model pwm control circuit 4 comprise driver module 5, be connected with driver module 5 inputs+5V power circuit, the PWM logic control circuit that is connected with driver module 5 inputs, wherein PWM logic control circuit comprises and logic module 6, be connected with driver module 5 inputs with the output of logic module 6, be connected with pedal signal input circuit 7 with logic module 6 Yi road inputs, produce circuit 8 with another road input and the pwm control signal of logic module 6 and be connected;
As shown in Figure 2, IGBT drive circuit 3 described in the utility model comprises IGBT pipe, diode D1, D2, D3, magnet exciting coil L, wherein the collector electrode of IGBT pipe is connected with the negative pole of diode D3, the emitter of IGBT pipe is connected with the positive pole of DC power supply, the positive pole of diode D3 is connected with the negative pole of DC power supply, the negative pole of diode D1 is connected with the emitter of IGBT pipe, the positive pole of diode D1 is connected with DC power cathode, the negative pole of diode D2 is connected with DC power anode, the two ends of magnet exciting coil L are respectively and between diode D1 negative pole and the negative pole of DC power supply, DC electromotor with brush is connected between diode D2 positive pole and DC power cathode, the gate pole of IGBT pipe is connected with the output of pwm control circuit,
As shown in Figure 2, battery supply V+DC and Zero provide direct voltage, can be the voltage of any numerical value between 48V-144V, by motor parameter, are determined; M is motor, L is magnet exciting coil, adopts DC motor with separate excitation herein, and car key leaves, magnet exciting coil powers on, if IGBT is open-minded, motor operation, D3 is armature afterflow, at IGBT, turn-off, and when motor speed is high, the too high back electromotive force of armature to battery feedback electric energy, and plays the function of speed limit by D2; IGBT is driven by driver module, if export high level with door A, driver module is without useful signal, and IGBT turn-offs; If with door A output low level, driver module output useful signal, IGBT is open-minded;
Wherein have three inputs with door A, the permission signal px.y that the one, IGBT opens, is provided by " throttle " pedal.While only having px.y=H, IGBT is just likely open-minded.B " and c " is the pwm signal that makes IGBT open of two-way complementation.B be or door, as long as b " and c " any one be high level, at px.y, be also under the condition of high level, IGBT just can open.The width of opening is determined by the width of the high level of b " or c ";
As shown in accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 3, pwm control signal described in the utility model produces that circuit is provided with or the square-wave signal of 180 ° of logic module and the phasic differences of two-way phase produces circuit, the output that wherein square-wave signal of 180 ° of two-way phase phasic differences produces circuit is sent into respectively or the input of logic module, and described square-wave signal produces emitter follower, saw-tooth wave generating circuit, the Schmidt circuit that circuit comprises series connection successively; Pwm control signal described in the utility model produces circuit and is also provided with the crystal oscillator for generating pwm signal, 32 frequency dividers that are connected with crystal oscillator, wherein frequency divider Yi road output is sent into square-wave signal and is produced circuit after inverter is processed, and another road output is directly sent into the second road square-wave signal and produced circuit;
Wherein as shown in Figure 3, the generation of serial counter pwm signal consists of two passages, 180 ° of their phase differences, become complementary state, adopt the frequency that shakes of CMOS4060 and the generation of 32768Hz crystal oscillator through 32 frequency divisions, obtain the square wave of f=1024Hz, this signal directly enters upper channel, through emitter follower, deliver to saw-toothed wave generator RC, the sawtooth voltage taking out from C end is delivered to the negative input end of comparator, and the positive input terminal of comparator is delivered in pedal input.The output of comparator is given Schmidt circuit through step-down, the output of Schmidt circuit be fed to figure's mono-or door, 1024Hz signal by 4060 outputs enters lower passage through reverser, and the process of lower passage signal is identical with upper channel, and only in phase place, both differ 180 °.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 4, the course of work of the present utility model is described, a is the square-wave signal of f=1024Hz.CMOS integrated circuit is under 5V electric power thus supplied, more than its output high level approaches the about 4.95V of 5V(), it is following that its output low level approaches the about 0.05V of 0V().Upper and lower two channel phases just differ 180 °, see b and c; This signal enters saw-toothed wave generator RC circuit through emitter follower; The sawtooth voltage forming in capacitor C is shown in b ' and c ', and the dotted line on it is limit approach 5V, and wherein diode D1 accelerates discharge process; When the input of emitter follower converts 0V to by 5V, C directly discharges to common port by D1, and the resistance R that substantially detours, so can accelerate the discharge process of C; The sawtooth voltage that capacitor C forms is delivered to comparator A2.Two inputs of A2: the sawtooth voltage that its negative input termination capacitor C is sent, the output signal d of its positive termination pedal, is shown in d figure.In " throttle " pedal input of using potentiometer or Hall element, can think that they are continuous, change between 5V-0V.In d figure, only draw five horizontal lines, represented respectively different level.Illustrate, when pedal input is level 1, because level is low, the sawtooth waveforms of c output reaches this level very early, causes comparator A2 upset, and A2 exports 0 level, through Schmidt circuit output high level, for IGBT, drives.Why using Schmidt circuit, is in order to improve waveform, makes output become high-quality square wave, is conducive to the turn-on and turn-off of IGBT.Get back to this example and come up, its output is exactly b1 " and c1 ", and its width is very wide, and duty ratio and 100% is very approaching.
When pedal input voltage raises, the level of d3 for example, the sawtooth waveforms of capacitor C output will be postponed a period of time and be reached this level, and the PWM of formation is shown in b2 " and c2 ", its narrowed width, duty ratio has also reduced.When pedal input voltage further raises, the level of d4 for example, width of its output PWM becomes narrower, and duty ratio is very little.See shown in b3 " and c3 ".
To sum up, when " throttle " pedal has just depressed and exported high level, its PWM duty ratio is very little; When " throttle " pedal depresses deeplyer, the level of output is lower, and its PWM duty ratio is larger.E figure has provided under d4 pedal level, the synthetic output waveform of PWM.
The utility model compared with prior art, has the following advantages: (1) is very simple and reliable, also insensitive to electromagnetic interference; (2) cheap, this not only, because the formation of circuit is simple, also, because do not use CPU, needn't programme, and has saved development cost; (3) can form rapidly production capacity; (4) be convenient to safeguard; (5) improved the utilance of the energy content of battery, because extended the useful life of battery.This is not only because replaced armature serial-resistance speed-regulation with PWM speed governing, also because allow higher back electromotive force energy feedback battery; (6) the sawtooth waveforms front-end circuit that CMOS integrated circuit and emitter follower constitute.Its feature is that the square wave level that precision is higher produces and higher load capacity (surpassing 10ma).Can reduce the product value of saw-toothed wave generator RC like this, can use less resistance and capacitance, and then improve the frequency of PWM, be conducive to the work of main circuit; (7) emitter follower adopts the amplifier that multiplication factor is 1, the sawtooth wave generating circuit that the combination of radio frequency follower and comparator forms, and its feature is simplified design, improves product integrated level, improves system reliability, both are integrated on a chip; (8) tailed curve of PWM square wave has been chopped in the connection of comparator and Schmidt circuit off, favourable to turning on and off of main circuit IGBT, has reduced switching loss, has reduced caloric value, has guaranteed the reliability of IGBT.
Claims (5)
1. the PWM drive unit of a DC motor, be provided with the DC power supply and the DC electromotor with brush that are used to device power supply, it is characterized in that being also provided with IGBT drive circuit, pwm control circuit, wherein the output of IGBT drive circuit is connected with DC electromotor with brush, and pwm control circuit is connected with the control signal input of IGBT drive circuit.
2. the PWM drive unit of a kind of DC motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described IGBT drive circuit comprises IGBT pipe, diode D1, D2, D3, magnet exciting coil L, wherein the collector electrode of IGBT pipe is connected with the negative pole of diode D3, the emitter of IGBT pipe is connected with the positive pole of DC power supply, the positive pole of diode D3 is connected with the negative pole of DC power supply, the negative pole of diode D1 is connected with the emitter of IGBT pipe, the positive pole of diode D1 is connected with DC power cathode, the negative pole of diode D2 is connected with DC power anode, the two ends of magnet exciting coil L are respectively and between diode D1 negative pole and the negative pole of DC power supply, DC electromotor with brush is connected between diode D2 positive pole and DC power cathode, the gate pole of IGBT pipe is connected with the output of pwm control circuit.
3. the PWM drive unit of a kind of DC motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that pwm control circuit comprise driver module, be connected with driver module input+5V power circuit, the PWM logic control circuit that is connected with driver module input, wherein PWM logic control circuit comprises and logic module, be connected with driver module input with the output of logic module, be connected with pedal signal input circuit with logic module Yi road input, produce circuit with another road input and the pwm control signal of logic module and be connected.
4. the PWM drive unit of a kind of DC motor according to claim 3, it is characterized in that described pwm control signal produces that circuit is provided with or the square-wave signal of 180 ° of logic module and the phasic differences of two-way phase produces circuit, the output that wherein square-wave signal of 180 ° of two-way phase phasic differences produces circuit is sent into respectively or the input of logic module, and described square-wave signal produces emitter follower, saw-tooth wave generating circuit, the Schmidt circuit that circuit comprises series connection successively.
5. the PWM drive unit of a kind of DC motor according to claim 4, it is characterized in that described pwm control signal produces circuit and is also provided with the crystal oscillator for generating pwm signal, 32 frequency dividers that are connected with crystal oscillator, wherein frequency divider Yi road output is sent into square-wave signal and is produced circuit after inverter is processed, and another road output is directly sent into the second road square-wave signal and produced circuit.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201420372266.4U CN203951397U (en) | 2014-07-08 | 2014-07-08 | The PWM drive unit of DC motor |
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| CN201420372266.4U CN203951397U (en) | 2014-07-08 | 2014-07-08 | The PWM drive unit of DC motor |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105024598A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-11-04 | 青岛歌尔声学科技有限公司 | Direct-current motor drive circuit and electronic equipment having the circuit |
| CN108809170A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-11-13 | 北京北广科技股份有限公司 | A kind of adaptation motor automatic control circuit |
-
2014
- 2014-07-08 CN CN201420372266.4U patent/CN203951397U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105024598A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-11-04 | 青岛歌尔声学科技有限公司 | Direct-current motor drive circuit and electronic equipment having the circuit |
| CN105024598B (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2017-08-04 | 青岛歌尔声学科技有限公司 | A kind of DC motor drive circuit and the electronic equipment with the circuit |
| CN108809170A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-11-13 | 北京北广科技股份有限公司 | A kind of adaptation motor automatic control circuit |
| CN108809170B (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2021-01-29 | 北京北方华创微电子装备有限公司 | Automatic control circuit of matcher motor |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20240305 Address after: No. 106-1 Wenchang Road, Economic Development Zone, Wendeng District, Weihai City, Shandong Province, 264200 Patentee after: SHANDONG YOUSAI NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Country or region after: China Address before: Room 403-404, Building A, Entrepreneurship Base, Weihai High tech Development Zone, Weihai City, Shandong Province, China, 264200 Patentee before: WEIHAI WEINENG COMMERCIAL MACHINE CO.,LTD. Country or region before: China |
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| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |