CN203950025U - A kind of magnetic field measuring device based on relevant population trapping effect - Google Patents
A kind of magnetic field measuring device based on relevant population trapping effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN203950025U CN203950025U CN201420317831.7U CN201420317831U CN203950025U CN 203950025 U CN203950025 U CN 203950025U CN 201420317831 U CN201420317831 U CN 201420317831U CN 203950025 U CN203950025 U CN 203950025U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of magnetic field measuring device based on relevant population trapping effect, formed by physical system and Circuits System, between two parts, be connected with high-frequency signal line by wire harness plug.Physical system is made up of laser diode, lens, attenuator, quarter-wave plate, atomic air chamber, heating plate, temperature sensor and photodetector, and Circuits System is made up of microprocessor, PD Acquisition Circuit, laser diode temperature control circuit, atomic air chamber temperature control circuit, laser diode current control circuit, modulated microwave source and touch display screen.The utility model adopts laser as interfering light source, and the narrow linewidth characteristic of laser and the Doppler effect that disappears can guarantee that this survey magnetic device has the sensitivity of pT magnitude; Modulated microwave signal is directly loaded into the working method on lasing light emitter, has avoided arranging radio-frequency coil in atomic air chamber both sides, thereby effectively reduce the volume of this survey magnetic device physical system (transducing part); Do not need to consider the restriction of atomic medium polarization time, can realize high-speed continuous measurement.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of magnetic field measuring device, and the magnetic field measuring device in particular to one based on relevant population trapping (CPT) effect, belongs to magnetic field measurement technology field.
Background technology
Magnetic-field measurement can be used for the fields such as geophysical research, oil gas and mineral exploration, military and national defense, medical diagnosis, geologic examination and archaeological research.Traditional magnetometer for magnetic-field measurement comprises flux-gate magnetometer, proton-precession magnetometer, optically pumped magnetometer, superconducting quantum interference magnetometer etc.But all there is place unsatisfactory in current above-mentioned magnetometer aspect volume, power consumption, measurement range and precision, such as how the probe segment of flux-gate magnetometer is made by winding around on the magnetic core of high magnetic permeability, volume and weight is large, measuring accuracy is on the low side; Proton-precession magnetometer power consumption is large, can only carry out low bandwidth discontinuous measurement; Although optically pumped magnetometer has higher sensitivity and response frequency, its probe size is larger; The essential cryogenic refrigerating system of superconducting quantum interference magnetometer makes its complex structure, bulky.Therefore, solve above problem in the urgent need to a kind of new technological means, obtain a kind of simple in structure, precision is high, volume is little, the magnetometer of low in energy consumption and stable performance.In recent years, along with the development of quantum optics and atom manipulation technology, based on relevant population trapping (Coherent Population Trapping, CPT) transmitted spectrum of the intervening atom magnetometer of effect after by detection laser and atom effect realized the measurement to magnetic field, is expected to solve a Magnetic Measurement Technology difficult problem for development at present.
Utility model content
The technical matters that the utility model solves is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a kind of magnetic field measuring device based on relevant population trapping effect, the volume and the power consumption that have reduced magnetometer, improved measurement sensitivity, expanded measurement range.
Technical solution of the present utility model is: a kind of magnetic field measuring device based on relevant population trapping effect, formed by physical system and Circuits System, physical system is made up of laser diode, lens, attenuator, quarter-wave plate, atomic air chamber, heating plate, temperature sensor and photodetector, and Circuits System is made up of microprocessor, PD Acquisition Circuit, laser diode temperature control circuit, atomic air chamber temperature control circuit, laser diode current control circuit, modulated microwave source and touch display screen; Laser diode, lens, attenuator, quarter-wave plate, atomic air chamber and photodetector are successively set on same axis, and temperature sensor is arranged on the outer wall of atomic air chamber, and heating plate is arranged on the one or both ends of atomic air chamber; PD Acquisition Circuit is connected with photodetector, atomic air chamber temperature control circuit is connected with temperature sensor with heating plate for gathering and control the temperature of atomic air chamber [105], and laser diode temperature control circuit is connected with laser diode with laser diode current control circuit for controlling temperature and the electric current of laser diode; Modulated microwave source is connected with laser diode for controlling the sideband frequency scanning of laser diode; Microprocessor is connected with touch display screen and realizes control and the magnetic-field measurement to physical system with PD Acquisition Circuit, laser diode temperature control circuit, atomic air chamber temperature control circuit, laser diode current control circuit, modulated microwave source.
Microprocessor is connected with described touch display screen by serial ports.
Described laser diode adopts Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Semiconductor Lasers.
Encapsulation rubidium atom and buffer gas in described atomic air chamber.
The utility model beneficial effect compared with prior art:
(1) the utility model adopts laser as interfering light source, and the narrow linewidth characteristic of laser and the Doppler effect that disappears guarantee that this survey magnetic device has the accuracy of pT magnitude;
(2) modulated microwave signal is directly loaded into the working method on lasing light emitter by the utility model, avoided arranging radio-frequency coil in atomic air chamber both sides, thereby effectively reduced the volume of this survey magnetic device physical system (transducing part).
(3) the utility model does not need to consider the restriction of atomic medium polarization time, can realize high-speed continuous measurement.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the utility model system connects and structural representation;
Fig. 2 is the physical system structural drawing of the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 3 is control of the present utility model and measurement procedure figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the utility model is described in further detail, but not as to restriction of the present utility model.
Adopt the magnetic field measuring device based on CPT principle of the utility model embodiment, system connection and structure as shown in Figure 1, are divided into physical system and Circuits System two parts, between two parts, are connected with high-frequency signal line by wire harness plug.Physical piece is made up of laser diode 101, lens 102, attenuator 103, quarter-wave plate 104, atomic air chamber 105 photodetectors 108 and heating plate 106, temperature sensor 107 successively, be used for light and interaction between atoms, realized CPT effect.Laser diode 101, lens 102, attenuator 103, quarter-wave plate 104, atomic air chamber 105 and photodetector 108 are successively set on same axis, temperature sensor 107 is arranged on the outer wall of atomic air chamber 105, and heating plate 106 is arranged on the one or both ends of atomic air chamber 105.Circuits System is made up of microprocessor 201, PD Acquisition Circuit 202, laser diode temperature control circuit 203, atomic air chamber temperature control circuit 204, laser diode current control circuit 205, modulated microwave source 206 and touch display screen 207; PD Acquisition Circuit 202 is connected with photodetector 108, atomic air chamber temperature control circuit 204 is connected with heating plate 106, temperature sensor 107 for gathering and control the temperature of atomic air chamber 105, and laser diode temperature control circuit 203 is connected with laser diode 101 with laser diode current control circuit 205 for controlling temperature and the electric current of laser diode 101; Modulated microwave source 206 is connected with laser diode 101 for controlling the sideband frequency scanning of laser diode 101, and microprocessor 201 is connected with PD Acquisition Circuit 202, laser diode temperature control circuit 203, atomic air chamber temperature control circuit 204, laser diode current control circuit 205, modulated microwave source 206 and touch display screen 207 and realizes control and the magnetic-field measurement to physical system.Wire harness plug connects respectively photodetector 108 and PD Acquisition Circuit 202, heating plate 106, temperature sensor 107 and atomic air chamber temperature control circuit 204, laser diode temperature control circuit 203, laser diode current control circuit 205 and laser diode 101; High-frequency signal line connects modulated microwave source 206 and laser diode 101.
The physical system structural drawing of the utility model specific embodiment is referring to Fig. 2, also be the transducing part of magnetometer, for cylinder probe, in the present embodiment, laser diode 101 adopts Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Semiconductor Lasers (Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser, VCSEL), there is volume little, good directionality, fast response time, power attenuation is low, dynamic modulation frequency high, meet the utility model and survey the requirement of magnetic device to the Lights section, and the inside of VCSEL laser diode is integrated with semiconductor cooler (TEC) and negative tempperature coefficient thermistor (NTC), be convenient to control the temperature of laser diode.Atomic air chamber 105 interior encapsulation rubidium atom and buffer gas, provide the interference medium of measuring magnetic field.
Physical system is using laser diode 101 and atomic air chamber 105 as core component, adjust two bundles and swash light intensity, then the linearly polarized light that laser diode 101 is sent changes circularly polarized light into by attenuator 103 and quarter-wave plate 104.After rubidium atomic interaction in laser beam and atomic air chamber 105, receive the light signal with Magnetic Field by photodetector 108, and light signal is converted into electric signal, pass to Circuits System part.
The Circuits System part of the utility model specific embodiment is mainly made up of microprocessor 201, PD Acquisition Circuit 202, laser diode temperature control circuit 203, atomic air chamber temperature control circuit 204, laser diode current control circuit 205, modulated microwave source 206 and touch display screen 207.Microprocessor 201 includes but not limited to single-chip microcomputer, DSP or FPGA, there is the peripheral interface circuit that meets the utility model device, as analog to digital and D-A converting circuit, serial ports etc., in the present embodiment, select STM32 family chip to complete the control to laser diode 101, atomic air chamber 105, photodetector 108, modulated microwave source 206 and touch display screen 207.
Laser diode temperature control circuit 203 and laser diode current control circuit 205, for regulating temperature and the electric current of laser diode 101, guarantee that laser center wavelength (794.976nm) is constant.
In specific embodiment, laser diode temperature control circuit 203 is connected with NTC pin with the TEC of laser diode 101.TEC thermoelectric cooling regulator is the chip that can freely control heating or refrigeration, and control end is controlled heating or refrigeration by external electric current.NTC thermistor is the thermistor of a negative temperature coefficient, utilize constant current source chip REF200 to produce an electric current, thereby the thermistor of flowing through produces a voltage at NTC input end, this voltage is exactly the voltage of thermistor, just can obtain the now resistance of thermistor (the every variation of temperature 0.003K, NTC change in resistance 0.358 Ω by measuring voltage value.While adopting 200mA constant current chip, corresponding voltage changes 0.072V), thus inverse goes out the now working temperature of laser diode 101.Magnitude of voltage is input to microprocessor 201 and preset temperature contrast, controls intensification or cooling by the flow direction and the size that regulate TEC two ends electric current.
In specific embodiment, laser diode current control circuit 205 comprises steady current control, frequency sweeping control and the input of frequency stabilization FEEDBACK CONTROL electric current.Steady current control is by a constant voltage of digital-to-analog end output of microprocessor 201, Hou Jie No. mono-voltage follower, its objective is that Isolation input and output make load end can not affect input end, the high input resistance of integrated transporting discharging and the characteristic of low output resistance can strengthen the carrying load ability of input end in addition; Frequency sweeping control is exported one group of sawtooth signal by the digital-to-analog end of microprocessor 201, and same Hou Jie No. mono-voltage follower number of writing to is disturbed; The input of frequency stabilization FEEDBACK CONTROL electric current comprises three parts: (1) is by the summation amplifying circuit of steady current and frequency sweeping, (2) voltage follower, (3) backfeed loop that AD623 instrument amplifier forms, voltage follower output terminal can be exported an adjustable current like this, and this electric current is the drive current of laser diode 101.
Atomic air chamber temperature control circuit 204, for keeping the temperature stabilization of atomic air chamber, is applicable to the density of rubidium atom, optimizes interference effect, thereby improves the precision and stability of system.In specific embodiment, atomic air chamber temperature control circuit 204 connects heating plate 106 and temperature sensor 107.The temperature sensor 107 being fixed on atomic air chamber 105 adopts LM335, by after the temperature acquisition of atomic air chamber 105, arrive microprocessor 201 by analog-digital conversion, microprocessor 201 judges whether collecting temperature value and setting value contrast should heat, if temperature need to heat not, export fixed voltage to heating plate by I/O mouth, otherwise turn-off heating plate.
Modulated microwave source 206 is for controlling the frequency in modulated microwave source, the modulation signal of 3.417GHz is injected to laser diode 101, its wavelength is modulated, made to produce the polychromatic light that frequency interval is 3.417GHz, corresponding ± 1 utmost point sideband is needed two light fields in magnetic-field measurement.In specific embodiment, modulated microwave source 206 adopts output frequency 3416.8-3417.8MHz, the microwave signal of minimum step 0.1Hz, driving circuit is mainly 4 pins of microprocessor 201, wherein data output end is exported the frequency output in 32 bit binary number signal controlling modulated microwave sources.
In specific embodiment, PD Acquisition Circuit 202 is made up of analog to digital converter.The electric signal that photodetector 108 is exported is input in microprocessor 201 by 202 conversions of PD Acquisition Circuit, then determines by program the modulated microwave source frequency that signal peak is corresponding, calculates accordingly magnetic field intensity.
In specific embodiment, touch display screen 207 shows calculating magnetic field intensity level with real-time curve and two kinds of modes of numeral, and the buttons such as laser adjusting, CPT optimization, magnetic-field measurement, automatic measurement are provided.The parameter input frames such as peak-seeking scope, central point, scanning step are set.
Control survey process of the present utility model as shown in Figure 3,
Step 201: start, enter and measure the preparatory stage;
Step 202: utilize laser diode temperature control circuit 203 to laser diode 101 preheatings;
Step 203: microprocessor 201 judges whether the temperature of laser diode 101 reaches T1, if so, just enters step 206, otherwise forwards step 202 to, described T1 is the required preset temperature value reaching of laser diode 101;
Step 204: utilize atomic air chamber temperature control circuit 204 to carry out atomic air chamber 105 preheatings;
Step 205: microprocessor 201 judges whether the temperature of atomic air chamber 105 reaches T2, if so, just enters step 206, otherwise forwards step 204 to, described T2 is the required preset temperature value reaching of atomic air chamber 105;
Step 206: microprocessor 201 judges whether the temperature of laser diode 101 and atomic air chamber 105 all reaches preset value, if, illustrate that laser frequency and atomic density meet the condition that realizes relevant population trapping, just enter step 207, otherwise return to step 201;
Step 207: utilize laser diode current control circuit 205 to adjust the electric current of laser diode 101, make laser stabilization in required frequency;
Step 208: microprocessor 201 is controlled modulated microwave source 206 in large frequency range interscan, obtains the interval W of the corresponding microwave frequency in CPT side peak, and described large frequency range refers generally within the scope of 1MHz;
Step 209: finish the preparatory stage, enter measuring phases, close heating plate 106, avoid the impact on magnetic-field measurement result;
Step 210: microprocessor 201 is controlled modulated microwave source 206 and carry out precision sweep in W frequency range, adopts phase sensitive detection to obtain microwave frequency V corresponding to CPT side peak;
Step 211: judge that whether described microwave frequency V is at the edge of sweep interval W, if so, explanation need to be rescaned the interval W of the corresponding microwave frequency in CPT side peak, returns to step 208, otherwise enters step 212;
Step 212: microprocessor 201 utilizes the difference on the frequency of CPT side peak and middle crest, calculating magnetic field intensity level, and result of calculation is outputed on touch display screen 207;
Step 213: microprocessor 201 judges whether the temperature of atomic air chamber 105 is less than T2, if so, illustrates that atomic air chamber 105 needs heating, just enters step 214, otherwise returns to step 210, carries out the continuous coverage in magnetic field;
Step 214: open heating plate 106, atomic air chamber 105 is heated, finish until measure.
Above-described embodiment is more preferably embodiment of the utility model, and the common variation that those skilled in the art carries out within the scope of technical solutions of the utility model and replacement all should be included in protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (4)
1. the magnetic field measuring device based on relevant population trapping effect, it is characterized in that: formed by physical system and Circuits System, physical system is by laser diode [101], lens [102], attenuator [103], quarter-wave plate [104], atomic air chamber [105], heating plate [106], temperature sensor [107] and photodetector [108] composition, Circuits System is by microprocessor [201], PD Acquisition Circuit [202], laser diode temperature control circuit [203], atomic air chamber temperature control circuit [204], laser diode current control circuit [205], modulated microwave source [206] and touch display screen [207] composition, laser diode [101], lens [102], attenuator [103], quarter-wave plate [104], atomic air chamber [105] and photodetector [108] are successively set on same axis, temperature sensor [107] is arranged on the outer wall of atomic air chamber [105], and heating plate [106] is arranged on the one or both ends of atomic air chamber [105], PD Acquisition Circuit [202] is connected with photodetector [108], atomic air chamber temperature control circuit [204] is connected with temperature sensor [107] with heating plate [106] for gathering and control the temperature of atomic air chamber [105], and laser diode temperature control circuit [203] is connected with laser diode [101] for controlling temperature and the electric current of laser diode [101] with laser diode current control circuit [205], modulated microwave source [206] is connected with laser diode [101] for controlling the sideband frequency scanning of laser diode [101], microprocessor [201] is connected with PD Acquisition Circuit [202], laser diode temperature control circuit [203], atomic air chamber temperature control circuit [204], laser diode current control circuit [205], modulated microwave source [206] and touch display screen [207] and realizes the control to physical system and magnetic-field measurement.
2. a kind of magnetic field measuring device based on relevant population trapping effect according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described microprocessor [201] is connected with described touch display screen [207] by serial ports.
3. a kind of magnetic field measuring device based on relevant population trapping effect according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described laser diode [101] adopts Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Semiconductor Lasers.
4. a kind of magnetic field measuring device based on relevant population trapping effect according to claim 1, is characterized in that: encapsulation rubidium atom and buffer gas in described atomic air chamber [105].
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| CN201420317831.7U CN203950025U (en) | 2014-06-13 | 2014-06-13 | A kind of magnetic field measuring device based on relevant population trapping effect |
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| CN201420317831.7U CN203950025U (en) | 2014-06-13 | 2014-06-13 | A kind of magnetic field measuring device based on relevant population trapping effect |
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| CN104502867A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-04-08 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | VCSEL (vertical cavity surface emitting laser) laser tube parameter automatic adjustment method for CPT (coherent population trapping) magnetometer system |
| CN105182257A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-12-23 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Coherent-population-trapping-effect-based magnetic field vector measurement apparatus and method thereof |
| CN106308796A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-01-11 | 重庆师范大学 | Magnetic induction imaging device based on laser atomic magnetometer |
| CN106932738A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2017-07-07 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | A kind of optical-fiber type CPT atom magnetometer physical systems |
| CN107064826A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-08-18 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of nonmagnetic atom microscopic method resonated based on chamber with magnetic aggregated structure |
| CN108614224A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-10-02 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | A kind of gas chamber operating temperature automatic calibration system and method for CPT magnetometers |
| CN109799468A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-05-24 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of high-precision Coherent Population Trapping imprison CPT rubidium atom magnetometer |
| CN109839606A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-06-04 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | A kind of New type atom magnetometer arrangement and detection method |
| CN109856570A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-06-07 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of Coherent Population Trapping imprison CPT rubidium atom magnetometer |
| CN111060855A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2020-04-24 | 北京自动化控制设备研究所 | High-sensitivity magnetic field measurement method based on width and width of electronic gyromagnetic resonance line |
| CN113219382A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-06 | 浙江工业大学 | Sample temperature control device based on SERF atomic magnetometer in biological magnetic field detection |
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- 2014-06-13 CN CN201420317831.7U patent/CN203950025U/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104502867A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-04-08 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | VCSEL (vertical cavity surface emitting laser) laser tube parameter automatic adjustment method for CPT (coherent population trapping) magnetometer system |
| CN104502867B (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2017-07-28 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | VCSEL laser tube parameter Automatic adjustment methods for CPT magnetic force instrument systems |
| CN105182257A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-12-23 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Coherent-population-trapping-effect-based magnetic field vector measurement apparatus and method thereof |
| CN105182257B (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2018-03-09 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | A kind of magnetic vector measurement apparatus and method based on relevant population trapping effect |
| CN106308796A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-01-11 | 重庆师范大学 | Magnetic induction imaging device based on laser atomic magnetometer |
| CN106932738A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2017-07-07 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | A kind of optical-fiber type CPT atom magnetometer physical systems |
| CN107064826A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-08-18 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of nonmagnetic atom microscopic method resonated based on chamber with magnetic aggregated structure |
| CN108614224B (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2020-09-18 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Automatic calibration system and method for air chamber working temperature of CPT magnetometer |
| CN108614224A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-10-02 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | A kind of gas chamber operating temperature automatic calibration system and method for CPT magnetometers |
| CN111060855A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2020-04-24 | 北京自动化控制设备研究所 | High-sensitivity magnetic field measurement method based on width and width of electronic gyromagnetic resonance line |
| CN111060855B (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2022-03-11 | 北京自动化控制设备研究所 | High-sensitivity magnetic field measurement method based on width and width of electronic gyromagnetic resonance line |
| CN109856570A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-06-07 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of Coherent Population Trapping imprison CPT rubidium atom magnetometer |
| CN109839606A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-06-04 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | A kind of New type atom magnetometer arrangement and detection method |
| CN109799468A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-05-24 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of high-precision Coherent Population Trapping imprison CPT rubidium atom magnetometer |
| CN109799468B (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2021-07-27 | 中国计量大学 | High-precision coherent population trapping CPT rubidium atom magnetometer |
| CN113219382A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-06 | 浙江工业大学 | Sample temperature control device based on SERF atomic magnetometer in biological magnetic field detection |
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