CN203936116U - Utilize high-pressure natural gas pressure energy to reclaim the device of waste and old PCB - Google Patents
Utilize high-pressure natural gas pressure energy to reclaim the device of waste and old PCB Download PDFInfo
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- CN203936116U CN203936116U CN201420326635.6U CN201420326635U CN203936116U CN 203936116 U CN203936116 U CN 203936116U CN 201420326635 U CN201420326635 U CN 201420326635U CN 203936116 U CN203936116 U CN 203936116U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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- Y02W30/82—Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]
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Abstract
The utility model discloses the device that utilizes high-pressure natural gas pressure energy to reclaim waste and old PCB.This device comprises natural gas expansion cooling system, refrigerant circulation cold supply system and normal low temperature secondary crushing system; The first turbo-expander of natural gas expansion cooling system is connected with the tube side entrance of the second heat exchanger with the shell side outlet of First Heat Exchanger respectively; The shell side outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected with the second turbo-expander entrance; The normal temperature mechanical crushing equipment of normal low temperature secondary crushing system is connected with the first turbo-expander, normal temperature mechanical crushing equipment discharging opening and Magnet Separater be connected, the discharging opening of Magnet Separater is connected with the charging aperture of rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus, and the mixing discharging opening of rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus is connected with the tube side entrance of double-tube heat exchanger; The utility model has solved the pollution problem of waste and old PCB, realizes the circular regeneration utilization of resources of waste and old PCB, and the utility model technique is pollution-free, and energy consumption is only 5%-10% of traditional handicraft.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to waste and old PCB recovery technology and pressure energy of natural gas utilizes new technical field, has been specifically related to utilize high-pressure natural gas swell refrigeration to carry out technique and device that the normal low temperature secondary of waste and old PCB is pulverized.
Technical background
At present, the pollution-free processing of waste and old PCB has become the focus of global concern.Annual approximately 4,000 ten thousand tons of the electronic wastes that produce in the whole world, just increase with 3 times of speed to other municipal refuse.Electron wastes has become one of main source of municipal refuse.According to interrelated data, show, Britain has the discarded PCB that surpasses 50,000 tons to be eliminated every year, wherein only has 15% to reclaim in a certain way, is left to be landfilled disposal, and the generation of domestic annual waste and old PCB approximately has more than 10,000 ton.Wherein in waste and old PCB, conventionally contain 30% plastics, 30% refractory oxides and about 40% metal, almost comprised elements all in the periodic table of elements.If waste and old PCB is mishandling, not only can causes new environmental pollution, and can cause the serious waste of resource.Therefore, the harmless treatment of waste printed circuit board, not only can greatly reduce its harm to environment, can also make a large amount of valuable resources be re-used, and realizes resources circulation and uses and sustainable development.Research shows that PCB powder more than 200 orders can realize more than 90% separation of metal, then through follow-up pneumatic separating, magnetic is separated, can realize the separation of each metalloid after high voltage electric field separation.According to Sweden
the content of each material of PCB that smeltery analyzes, the PCB powder after this technique is pulverized can reach 2-3 ten thousand yuan/t, and price is reclaimed at 5000-8000 yuan in the current market of waste and old PCB.Therefore the environmental problem that this technique not only can the zero waste and old PCB of processing polluting be brought, and can also bring huge economic benefit
At present, reclaiming the most frequently used technology of waste printed circuit board has Mechanical Crushing, hydrometallurgy, pyrometallurgy or several technology to combine, but still there is no a kind of pollution-free, high efficiency, technology recycles waste printed circuit board resource cheaply.Chinese invention patent application CN10144478A discloses method and the device that reclaims waste and old circuit board under a kind of vacuum condition.The method is carried out thermal cracking to waste and old PCB in vacuum condition container, in the waste and old PCB after to melting by centrifugal separating device soldering separated, more further realize separated one by one.Under this employing vacuum condition, after thermal cracking, reclaim waste and old PCB and not only operating condition is required strictly, simultaneously can pyrolysis energy consumption also relatively high, be difficult to realize large-scale production.Chinese invention patent application CN1238244 discloses a kind of process for breaking, separating and recovering of waste printed circuit board and used standby.First this invention is ground into particle by printed circuit board (PCB), more further fine powder is broken, and when fine powder is broken, garbled meal returns to slimer to be continued to pulverize.The method equipment investment that this circulation machinery is at normal temperatures pulverized is large, and the energy of consumption is large, and cost recovery also can improve, and at normal temperature broken and attrition process not only metallics adhere to seriously, and easily produce toxic gas, contaminated environment.Chinese invention patent application CN1899712 discloses a kind of method that waste and old printed circuit board resource reclaims.First this invention drops into Biroller type shear disintegrating machine coarse crushing by the waste and old printed circuit board of having removed electronic component, then the material after coarse crushing is carried out to pyrolysis by normal pressure pyrolysis system in nitrogen, and after pyrolysis, solids by using shearing fine crusher carries out in small, broken bits.Carry out after Mechanical Crushing pyrolysis again and further pulverize separation, under the higher nitrogen atmosphere of processing procedure energy consumption easily there is secondary pyrolysis in pyrolysis circuit board, produces a large amount of Halogen gas, and need to consume a large amount of nitrogen, during early stage coarse crushing, also can produce pernicious gas contaminated environment.Chinese invention patent application CN1701850 discloses dedicated low temperature breaking equipment for printed circuit board.This invention adopts liquid nitrogen refrigerating, and driven by power equipment is pulverized waste and old PCB.Although avoided the intensification problem in normal temperature crushing process, liquid nitrogen refrigerating and driven by power have increased the energy consumption of system process greatly, can not avoid the powder pollution problem in crushing process simultaneously.
Germany Daimler-Benz Ulm Research Centre company has developed four-part form treatment process: pulverizing after precrushing, liquid nitrogen frozen, classification, electrostatic separation.This technique first, by carrying out precrushing after waste printed circuit board dismounting, is then carried out magnetic separation, and liquid nitrogen frozen is pulverized again, and screening, makes metal with nonmetal separated after electrostatic separation.The electric screening installation of the said firm development can size of separation be less than the particle of 0.1mm.By the method for cryogenic pulverization, reduced the generation of pernicious gas and made waste printed circuit board more easily broken, solved the problem that traditional Mechanical Crushing produces toxic gas, but this technological process is long, and high to equipment requirement, process of refrigerastion consumed energy is large, and cost is high.
Utility model content
The utility model object is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, a kind of device that utilizes high-pressure natural gas pressure energy to reclaim waste and old PCB is provided, make full use of the pressure energy of high-pressure natural gas and the low temperature cold after expansion and recycle waste and old PCB, waste and old PCB is ground into thin waste and old PCB powder more than 200 orders, isolate again the pure component powder such as each copper iron and rare precious metals and compo, carry out fully resource recycling, realize energy-saving and cost-reducing.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Utilize high-pressure natural gas pressure energy to reclaim the device of waste and old PCB, comprise natural gas expansion cooling system, refrigerant circulation cold supply system and normal low temperature secondary crushing system;
Described natural gas expansion cooling system comprises the first turbo-expander, First Heat Exchanger, the second turbo-expander and the second heat exchanger; The first turbo-expander is connected with the tube side entrance of the second heat exchanger with the shell side outlet of First Heat Exchanger respectively; The shell side outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected with the second turbo-expander entrance;
The described refrigerant cooling circulatory system comprises coolant storage tank, the 3rd heat exchanger, rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus, double-tube heat exchanger, low temperature breaking equipment and filter plant; Exit, coolant storage tank bottom is provided with the second centrifugal pump, and exit, coolant storage tank bottom is connected with the second centrifugal pump 31 by the 11 control valve; The second outlet of centrifugal pump connects the tube side entrance of the 3rd heat exchanger, and the tube side port of export of the 3rd heat exchanger connects rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus, and the rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus port of export is connected with the first centrifugal pump; The first centrifugal pump supercharging port of export is connected with the tube side arrival end of double-tube heat exchanger, and the tube side port of export of double-tube heat exchanger is connected with low temperature breaking equipment charging aperture, and low temperature breaking equipment discharging opening is connected with filter plant entrance; Filter plant outlet is connected with coolant storage tank charging aperture;
Described normal low temperature secondary crushing system comprised the first turbo-expander, the second turbo-expander, normal temperature mechanical crushing equipment, low temperature breaking equipment, Magnet Separater, rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus, double-tube heat exchanger and filter plant; Normal temperature mechanical crushing equipment is connected with the first turbo-expander by the first deceleration coupling, normal temperature mechanical crushing equipment discharging opening and Magnet Separater be connected, the discharging opening of Magnet Separater is connected with the charging aperture of rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus, the mixing discharging opening of rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus is connected with the tube side entrance of double-tube heat exchanger, and tube side outlet is connected with low temperature breaking equipment charging aperture; Low temperature breaking equipment is connected with the second turbo-expander by the second deceleration coupling; Low temperature breaking equipment material outlet place connects filter plant;
The shell side entrance of described First Heat Exchanger is connected with raw natural gas voltage adjusting device front-end pipelines by top magnetic valve, and the shell side outlet of First Heat Exchanger is connected with the 3rd control valve with the second control valve respectively; The second control valve is connected with the first turbo-expander, and the 3rd control valve is connected with the second heat exchanger; First Heat Exchanger with by end magnetic valve, be connected with the downstream pipe network of raw natural gas voltage adjusting device rear end.
Preferably, at the second outlet of centrifugal pump place, the pipeline that the second centrifugal pump is connected with the 3rd heat exchanger is access air heat-exchange purification separation equipment in parallel also; Described air heat-exchange purification separation equipment is flash tank.
In air heat-exchange purification separation equipment rear end, the 4th flowmeter and the 5th control valve are also housed on the pipeline that the second centrifugal pump is connected with the 3rd heat exchanger.
On the front and back end pipeline of described air heat-exchange purification separation equipment, be respectively equipped with the 6th control valve and the 7th control valve.
The tube side port of export of described the 3rd heat exchanger is connected rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus by the 8th control valve with the 9th control valve respectively.
The pipeline that the tube side port of export of described double-tube heat exchanger is connected with low temperature breaking equipment charging aperture is provided with the tenth control valve; The pipeline that described low temperature breaking equipment discharging opening is connected with filter plant entrance is provided with the 4th control valve.
First flow meter and the first control valve are housed on the pipeline that described top control valve is connected with First Heat Exchanger.
On the pipeline of described First Heat Exchanger outlet, the second control valve is housed, the 3rd flowmeter is housed on the inlet pipeline of the first turbo-expander, the 3rd control valve and the second flowmeter are housed on the pipeline of the second heat exchanger import.
Described the first turbo-expander and the second turbo-expander are deep cooling oil lubrication turbo-expander; The first described deceleration coupling; With the second deceleration coupling; For one of general gear reduction unit or two parallel;
Described normal temperature mechanical crushing equipment is coarse crushing jaw crusher; Described rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus is SHR serial mixer; Described Magnet Separater is magnetic wind selecting separator;
Described First Heat Exchanger and the second heat exchanger are aluminium pricker plate-fin heat exchanger; The 3rd described heat exchanger is U-shaped pipe heat exchanger;
Described top control valve and end control valve are pneumatic control valve.
Along with developing rapidly of Gas Industry, " West-east Gas utilities pipeline discharge pressure part has been increased to 12MPa.In natural gas pressure regulating process, contain huge pressure energy, the natural gas under 10MPa of take is example, wherein contains the pressure energy of 675KJ/kg, if this part ability effectively can be recycled, can reduce energy loss, produces good economic benefit.The utility model is by the normal low-temperature grinding of utilizing mechanical energy in natural gas expansion process and cold energy to carry out waste and old PCB, and circulating refrigerant has been avoided the pollutions such as the dust of processing procedure and waste gas fully.The utility model is more energy-conservation than existing technology, and operating cost is low, mechanical energy and the cold of comprehensive utilization natural gas expansion process, embodiment truly the utility model technique pollution-free, low energy consumption, equipment can skid, and operating flexibility is large, the advantage such as can widely popularize and safe and reliable.
Existing waste and old PCB component is carried out separation and recovery technology, and its removal process is all difficult to avoid the shortcomings such as high, the easy contaminated environment of energy consumption, the harsh difficult realization of operating condition.For the low energy consumption of waste and old PCB, pollution-free, high efficiente callback, in conjunction with recycling high-pressure natural gas pressure energy, realizes pollution-free, recovery efficiently, will speed up the recycling that advances waste and old PCB.Therefore the utility model proposes the pressure energy utilizing in natural valve station pressure regulation process processes waste and old PCB, is refined into powder fully separated again, and each pure component material powder after separation can be realized resource regeneration.Whole process energy consumption be traditional handicraft 5% ?10%, and to zero environmental, whole technology investment is short payoff period, can extensively promote.
The advantage that the utility model has with respect to prior art and beneficial effect:
1, energy consumption is low, need not extraneous cooling: the utility model utilizes the normal low temperature secondary of high-pressure natural gas expansion driven disintegrating apparatus, need not extraneous driven by power, and after expanding by refrigerant recovering, natural gas temperature reduces the huge cold bringing simultaneously, need not extraneous cold-producing medium, realize the waste and old PCB coarse fodder of low-temperature and high-speed mechanical disintegration.The utility model process energy consumption be traditional electrical drive and liquid nitrogen refrigerating technique 5% ?10%, cold is provided by the high-pressure natural gas three steps coolings of expanding, and has broken through the expensive bottleneck of traditional handicraft liquid nitrogen refrigerating.
2, efficiently separated, lossless: the utility model adopts normal low temperature secondary to pulverize, and has effectively prevented the burning that chemical property is active, also well recycled plastic fiber and noble metal simultaneously.
3, system is pollution-free, refrigerant circulation is used: the whole low-temperature and high-speed mechanical disintegration process of the waste and old PCB of the utility model is all carried out in refrigerant, refrigerant circulation is used the consumption reduced refrigerant, and the cycle refrigerant and air carried out to heat exchange gasification purify, substantially realize zero pollution; The low-temperature grinding process that refrigerant mixes waste and old PCB coarse fodder simultaneously, the effectively pollution of mode bromo-derivative fire retardant, makes the clean production continuously of process safety.
4, system operating flexibility is large, and the scope of application is wide: the utility model can carry out the scale of control system according to the amount of the PCB processing, control the flow of natural gas, along with the increase at natural valve station, can realize the many places of large, medium and smallization of the utility model and distribute; High-pressure natural gas also can replace reclaiming refrigeration with the pressure energy of other gases at high pressure in industry simultaneously.
5, small investment, payoff period is short: the utility model permanent plant investment cost is determined according to process lot size, refrigerant circulation use, low extraneous energy consumption, so this utility model operating cost (energy consumption) is low, the investment payback time is short.
6, application prospect is wide, is easy to promote: the utility model can effectively be processed the problem of environmental pollution that waste and old PCB brings, and can realize the recycling of plastics, fiber and each metalloid in waste and old PCB, is hiding huge economic benefit in the hiding.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the utility model utilizes high-pressure natural gas pressure energy to reclaim the schematic diagram of the device of waste and old PCB.
Shown in figure: raw natural gas voltage adjusting device 1, top control valve 2, end control valve 3, first flow meter 4, the second flowmeter 5, the 3rd flowmeter 6, the 4th flowmeter 7, the first control valve 9, the second control valve 10, the 3rd control valve 11, the 4th control valve 12, the 5th control valve 13, the 6th control valve 14, the 7th control valve 15, the 8th control valve 16, the 9th control valve 17, the tenth control valve 8, the 11 control valve 30, First Heat Exchanger 18, the second heat exchanger 19, double-tube heat exchanger 20, the 3rd heat exchanger 21, the first turbo-expander 22, the second turbo-expander 23, the first deceleration coupling 24, the second deceleration coupling 25, normal temperature mechanical crushing equipment 26, low-temperature and high-speed rotation disintegrating apparatus 27, Magnet Separater 28, the first centrifugal pump 29, the second centrifugal pump 31, rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus 32, coolant storage tank 33, filter plant 34, air heat-exchange purification separation equipment 35.
The specific embodiment
For understanding better the utility model, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described, but embodiment of the present utility model is not limit so.
Utilize high-pressure natural gas pressure energy to reclaim the device of waste and old PCB, comprise natural gas expansion cooling system, refrigerant circulation cold supply system and normal low temperature secondary crushing system; Normal low temperature secondary crushing system utilizes the cold providing in the mechanical energy of expansion process in natural gas expansion cooling system and refrigerant circulation cold supply system to realize waste and old PCB secondary treatment process.
Natural gas expansion cooling system comprises the first turbo-expander 22, First Heat Exchanger 18, the second turbo-expander 23 and the second heat exchanger 19; Wherein at the first turbo-expander 22, be connected with tube side (cold logistics) entrance of the second heat exchanger 19 with shell side (hot logistics) outlet of First Heat Exchanger 18 respectively; Before entering the first turbo-expander 22, high-pressure natural gas is carried out to first step cooling; After the first turbo-expander 22, realize entering the second turbo-expander 23 with high-pressure natural gas before heat exchange realize second step cooling.The shell side of the second heat exchanger 19 (hot logistics) outlet is connected with the second turbo-expander 23 entrances; High-pressure natural gas expands and realizes the 3rd step cooling, forms natural gas expansion cooling system.
The refrigerant cooling circulatory system comprises coolant storage tank 33, the 3rd heat exchanger 21, rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus 32, double-tube heat exchanger 20, low temperature breaking equipment 27 and filter plant 34; Wherein, coolant storage tank 33 exits, bottom are provided with the second centrifugal pump 31, and by refrigerant pressurization, coolant storage tank 33 exits, bottom are connected with the second centrifugal pump 31 by the 11 control valve 30; The second centrifugal pump 31 outlets connect tube side (hot logistics) entrance of the 3rd heat exchanger 21, and the tube side port of export connects rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus 32, and rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus 32 ports of export are connected with the first centrifugal pump 29; The first centrifugal pump 29 supercharging ports of export are connected with tube side (hot logistics) arrival end of double-tube heat exchanger 20, and the tube side port of export of double-tube heat exchanger 20 is connected with low temperature breaking equipment 27 charging apertures, and low temperature breaking equipment 27 discharging openings are connected with filter plant 34 entrances; Filter plant 34 outlets are connected with coolant storage tank 33 charging apertures, realize refrigerant circulation.Refrigerant mixing PCB coarse fodder is separated again after low temperature breaking equipment 27 coolings are by low-temperature grinding.In the second centrifugal pump 31 exits, the pipeline that the second centrifugal pump 31 is connected with the 3rd heat exchanger 21 is access air heat-exchange purification separation equipment 35 in parallel also, for refrigerant is regularly purified; In air heat-exchange purification separation equipment 35 rear ends, the 4th flowmeter 7 and the 5th control valve 13 are also housed on the pipeline that the second centrifugal pump 31 is connected with the 3rd heat exchanger 21; On the front and back end pipeline of air heat-exchange purification separation equipment 35, be respectively equipped with the 6th control valve 14 and the 7th control valve 15.The tube side port of export of the 3rd heat exchanger 21 is connected rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus 32 by the 8th control valve 16 with the 9th control valve 17 respectively.The pipeline that the tube side port of export of double-tube heat exchanger 20 is connected with low temperature breaking equipment 27 charging apertures is provided with the tenth control valve 8.The pipeline that low temperature breaking equipment 27 discharging openings are connected with filter plant 34 entrances is provided with the 4th control valve 12.
Normal low temperature secondary crushing system comprised the critical pieces such as the first turbo-expander 22, the second turbo-expander 23, normal temperature mechanical crushing equipment 26, low temperature breaking equipment 27, Magnet Separater 28, rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus 32, double-tube heat exchanger 20, filter plant 34; Wherein, normal temperature mechanical crushing equipment 26 is connected with the first turbo-expander 22 by the first deceleration coupling 24, by the mechanical energy in turbo-expander process, drives normal temperature to pulverize PCB; Normal temperature mechanical crushing equipment 26 discharging openings and Magnet Separater 28 be connected, the PCB coarse fodder after normal temperature is pulverized carries out preliminary magnetic separation; The discharging opening of Magnet Separater 28 is connected with the charging aperture of rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus 32, PCB coarse fodder mixes with refrigerant in mixing apparatus, the mixing discharging opening of rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus 32 is connected with the tube side of double-tube heat exchanger 20 (hot logistics) entrance, tube side outlet is connected with low temperature breaking equipment 27 charging apertures, realizes PCB coarse fodder low-temperature grinding again after mixing precooling.Low temperature breaking equipment 27 is connected with the second turbo-expander 23 by the second deceleration coupling 25; Low temperature breaking equipment 27 material outlet places connect filter plant 34, and PCB powder is carried out to separation.
The shell side of First Heat Exchanger 18 (hot logistics) entrance is connected with raw natural gas voltage adjusting device 1 front-end pipelines by top magnetic valve 2, access high-pressure natural gas, at First Heat Exchanger 18, carry out preliminary heat exchange cooling, the shell side outlet of First Heat Exchanger 18 is connected with the 3rd control valve 11 with the second control valve 10 respectively; Natural gas is divided into two parts, and the second control valve 10 is connected with the first turbo-expander 22, and the 3rd control valve 11 is connected with the second heat exchanger 19; A part of high-pressure natural gas that the second control valve 10 is controlled enters the cooling of expanding of the first turbo-expander 22, and in the second heat exchanger 19 further cooling another part high-pressure natural gas.Through reducing temperature twice Zhi ?high-pressure natural gas after 70 ℃ enter again the cooling of expanding of the second turbo-expander 23, realize the 3rd step Jiang Wen Zhi ?135 ℃ as the low-temperature receiver in low-temperature grinding process.Normal pressure natural gas after three step coolings enters from the cold logistics entrance of double-tube heat exchanger 20 and the 3rd heat exchanger 21 successively, the cooling refrigerant of difference and PCB coarse fodder mixture, and self rises again.Tube side (cold logistics) entrance of finally getting back to First Heat Exchanger 18, is warming up to 10 ℃ with former high-pressure natural gas heat exchange, then controls by end magnetic valve 3 the downstream pipe network of sending into raw natural gas voltage adjusting device 1 rear end, for user.
First flow meter 4 and the first control valve 9 are housed on the pipeline that top control valve 2 is connected with First Heat Exchanger 18; On the pipeline of First Heat Exchanger 18 outlet, be equipped with on the pipeline that the 3rd flowmeter 6, the second heat exchanger 19 imports are housed on the inlet pipeline of the second control valve 10, the first turbo-expanders 22 the 3rd control valve 11 and the second flowmeter 5 are housed.
After flowing out from coolant storage tank 33, refrigerant pressurizes through the second centrifugal pump 31, and in the pipeline after pressurization, 35 pairs of refrigerants of air heat-exchange purification separation equipment in parallel were purified by the cycle, refrigerant after pressurization is purified enter the 3rd heat exchanger 21 and cryogenic natural gas low-temperature receiver carry out heat exchange Jiang Wen Zhi ?90 ℃, then enter rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus 32 and form liquid-solid mixture with PCB coarse fodder.Refrigerant mixture in double-tube heat exchanger 20 again Jiang Wen ?110 ℃, with enter PCB in the rear refrigerant mixture of low-temperature and high-speed rotation disintegrating apparatus 27 by Gravitative Loads, pulverized, refrigerant mixture temperature raise 10 ?20 ℃, separated finally by filter plant 34 after refrigerant enter storage tank and recycle.Wherein, for promoting recycling and being convenient to separating-purifying of refrigerant, refrigerant has been selected iso-butane and propane mixture.
Waste and old PCB carries out the preliminary formation meal of pulverizing after first entering normal temperature mechanical crushing equipment 26, through Magnet Separater, 28 initial gross separations go out iron filings to waste and old PCB meal, waste and old PCB meal after separated is transported to rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus 32 by pipeline or conveyer belt to be mixed with refrigerant, forms refrigerant and waste and old PCB coarse fodder mixture.Mixture further enters more than low-temperature and high-speed rotation disintegrating apparatus 27 is further crushed to 200 orders by waste and old PCB meal through pipeline by Gravitative Loads after cooling in double-tube heat exchanger 20.Finally in filter plant 34, isolate waste and old PCB powder more than 200 orders.
Wherein, the entrance and exit place that natural gas expansion cooling system is arranged on system process by top control valve 2 and end control valve 3 carrys out the natural gas consumption of control system, guarantees that this system and raw natural gas voltage adjusting device 1 are parallel simultaneously and does not disturb.By what pacify in the pipeline before the first turbo-expander 22 and the second heat exchanger 19 that control valve and flowmeter control first and second turbo-expander, use gas ratio, wherein the first control valve 9, the second control valve 10 and first flow meter 4 are arranged in system main line and control and to detect flow, the 3rd control valve 11 and the second flowmeter 5 be arranged on successively in the front branch road pipeline of the second heat exchanger 19, control the second turbo-expander 23 with gas, realize three steps coolings of high-pressure natural gas.
The refrigerant cooling circulatory system is by the consumption of the 11 control valve 30 control system refrigerants in coolant storage tank 33 exits, and carry out cycle purification by 35 pairs of refrigerants of air heat-exchange purification separation equipment in parallel in the pipeline after the second centrifugal pump 31, wherein by the 6th control valve 14 and the 7th control valve 15, control the cycle of separating-purifying.The 8th control valve 16 in the refrigerant inlet ductwork of rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus 32, the 9th control valve 17 control and regulation realize and mix continuously refrigerant and the precooling of waste and old PCB coarse fodder.The 4th control valve 12 control refrigerant circulations that go out in rear pipeline by installation low-temperature and high-speed rotation disintegrating apparatus 27 are used.
Normal low temperature secondary crushing system is controlled the rotating speed of disintegrating apparatus by utilizing the first deceleration coupling 24, the second deceleration coupling 25 to connect turbo-expanders with disintegrating apparatus, and rotates the 4th control valve 12 and the first centrifugal pump 29 control PCB coarse fodder feed rates of double-tube heat exchanger 20Re logistics import department and the treating capacity of low-temperature grinding in disintegrating apparatus 27 inlet ductwork by low-temperature and high-speed.
Wherein the first turbo-expander 22 described in capital equipment and the second turbo-expander 23 are deep cooling oil lubrication turbo-expander, can in low-temperature expansion process, externally do work, and the more than several ten thousand high speed of mainshaft can be provided.The first described deceleration coupling 24 and the second deceleration coupling 25 are that one or 2 general of gear reduction unit walks abreast.
Described normal temperature mechanical crushing equipment 26 is coarse crushing jaw crusher, can select one or two to walk abreast according to the treating capacity of PCB.Low-temperature and high-speed rotation disintegrating apparatus 27 is the equipment after improving in patent (CN201632298U) Equipment Foundations.Wherein, multi-knife-head is installed on high-speed rotary main shaft, the high sealing equipment of polylith hammer piece is installed on cavity, equipment will change shaft coupling mechanical power into by electric drive and directly drive, and select austenitic steel as designing apparatus cavity material, can guarantee good cold operation.
Described rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus 32 is SHR serial mixer, guarantees mixing and the good seal performance of refrigerant and PCB coarse fodder.Described air heat-exchange purification separation equipment 35 is flash tank, realizes thinner PCB powder separated with refrigerant and take air and save energy consumption as thermal source.Described Magnet Separater 28 is magnetic wind selecting separator, when iron filings impurity is larger, also can process preferably separation.
Described First Heat Exchanger 18 and the second heat exchanger 19 are aluminium pricker plate-fin heat exchanger, high and be applicable to low-temperature heat exchange to the heat exchange efficiency of pure natural gas.The 3rd described heat exchanger 21 is the double-tube heat exchanger for making by oneself according to heat exchange buret length for U-shaped pipe heat exchanger and double-tube heat exchanger 20.
Described top control valve 2 and end control valve 3 are pneumatic control valve, control the natural gas turnover supervisor flow of native system.Described the first control valve 9, the second control valve 10 and the 3rd control valve 11 are stop valve, can under the condition of low temperature, guarantee good air-tightness.Described the 4th control valve 12, the 5th control valve 13, the 6th control valve 14, the 7th control valve 15, the 8th control valve 16, the 9th control valve 17, the tenth control valve 8 and the 11 control valve 30 are ball valve, low-temperature operation condition lower seal performance is good, can effectively prevent the Particle Blocking after PCB pulverizes.The first described centrifugal pump 29 and the second centrifugal pump 31 are impurity centrifugal pump under low temperature.
Described first flow meter 4, the second flowmeter 5 and the 3rd flowmeter 6 are turbine flowmeter, the 4th described flowmeter 7 Wei Guo street flowmeters, the good obstruction of working under cryogenic media condition and can avoid PCB fine powder of energy.
Embodiment
Operation principle for better illustrative system, below in conjunction with the technological process device schematic diagram shown in Fig. 1, the waste and old PCB of take after manual dismounting is raw material, according to Fig. 1, utilize high-pressure natural gas pressure energy to reclaim the schematic diagram of the device of waste and old PCB, with 20 ℃, the natural gas of the 7500Ncum/h under 4.0-1.6MPa is example.
According to the amount of former door station natural gas, from former voltage adjusting device front end, input 20 ℃, the natural gas of the 7500Ncum/h under 1.6MPa, other amount and moving stable by former voltage adjusting device with wave.High-pressure natural gas is entered to First Heat Exchanger 18 and recycle remaining cold first step cooling, the high-pressure natural gas after heat exchange by volume flow is divided into two parts.Wherein a part of high-pressure natural gas pressure, temperature after the first turbo-expander 22 be reduced to 0.4MPa ?80 ℃, the first turbo-expander 22 drives normal temperature mechanical crushing equipment 26 by (20 ℃ of waste and old PCB, 20t/h) preliminary normal temperature is crushed to waste and old PCB coarse fodder, and utilizes the natural gas precooling another part natural gas expanding after cooling through the first turbo-expander 22; Another part natural gas temperature Jiang Zhi ?near 70 ℃, realize second step cooling.Coarse fodder after normal temperature is pulverized carries out preliminary magnetic separating, removes the iron in coarse fodder.By the rear pressure of natural gas via the second turbo-expander 23, the temperature of precooling be reduced to 0.4MPa ?135 ℃ of the 3rd step lower the temperature, the second turbo-expander 23 drives low-temperature and high-speed rotation disintegrating apparatus 27 pulverizing waste PCB coarse fodders, and as low-temperature receiver, provides cold by the natural gas after three step coolings.
Refrigerant (?30 ℃, 0.1MPa, 250Ncum/h) with three steps coolings after the preliminary heat exchange of natural gas via the 3rd heat exchanger 21 after temperature Jiang Di Zhi ?70 — ?90 ℃, then is mixing with coarse fodder automatically transforming in regulating surge tank, the rear refrigerant of mixing and coarse fodder mixture temperature ?80 ℃ of left and right.Mixed refrigerant and material be through sleeve type heat exchanger 20 and cryogenic natural gas heat exchange, temperature decline Zhi ?100 — ?enter low-temperature and high-speed disintegrating apparatus 27 after 125 ℃ and pulverize.Material after pulverizing can be realized granulatings more than 200 orders substantially, then is separated by filtration out waste and old PCB powder material and refrigerant.Refrigerant is being recycled by pump, and within one month fixing cycle or a week to circulating refrigerant and air heat-exchange gasification purification refrigerant, isolate thinner waste and old PCB powder material simultaneously.
Originally isolate more than 200 orders waste and old PCB powder according to follow-up technological process, powder is carried out to magnetic separation again, further isolate iron powder wherein.In conjunction with the mode of pneumatic separating or liquid floatation, isolate plastic optical fibre powder wherein.Finally, by high voltage electric field sorting, according to each metal and other nonmetallic substances, in the different distribution situation of high voltage electric field, realize separated one by one.Separablely respectively tap a blast furnace, plastic optical fibre, non-metal solid powder, various non-ferrous metal and noble metal powder.
Claims (9)
1. utilize high-pressure natural gas pressure energy to reclaim the device of waste and old PCB, it is characterized in that, comprise natural gas expansion cooling system, refrigerant circulation cold supply system and normal low temperature secondary crushing system;
Described natural gas expansion cooling system comprises the first turbo-expander, First Heat Exchanger, the second turbo-expander and the second heat exchanger; The first turbo-expander is connected with the tube side entrance of the second heat exchanger with the shell side outlet of First Heat Exchanger respectively; The shell side outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected with the second turbo-expander entrance;
The described refrigerant cooling circulatory system comprises coolant storage tank, the 3rd heat exchanger, rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus, double-tube heat exchanger, low temperature breaking equipment and filter plant; Exit, coolant storage tank bottom is provided with the second centrifugal pump, and exit, coolant storage tank bottom is connected with the second centrifugal pump 31 by the 11 control valve; The second outlet of centrifugal pump connects the tube side entrance of the 3rd heat exchanger, and the tube side port of export of the 3rd heat exchanger connects rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus, and the rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus port of export is connected with the first centrifugal pump; The first centrifugal pump supercharging port of export is connected with the tube side arrival end of double-tube heat exchanger, and the tube side port of export of double-tube heat exchanger is connected with low temperature breaking equipment charging aperture, and low temperature breaking equipment discharging opening is connected with filter plant entrance; Filter plant outlet is connected with coolant storage tank charging aperture;
Described normal low temperature secondary crushing system comprised the first turbo-expander, the second turbo-expander, normal temperature mechanical crushing equipment, low temperature breaking equipment, Magnet Separater, rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus, double-tube heat exchanger and filter plant; Normal temperature mechanical crushing equipment is connected with the first turbo-expander by the first deceleration coupling, normal temperature mechanical crushing equipment discharging opening and Magnet Separater be connected, the discharging opening of Magnet Separater is connected with the charging aperture of rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus, the mixing discharging opening of rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus is connected with the tube side entrance of double-tube heat exchanger, and tube side outlet is connected with low temperature breaking equipment charging aperture; Low temperature breaking equipment is connected with the second turbo-expander by the second deceleration coupling; Low temperature breaking equipment material outlet place connects filter plant;
The shell side entrance of described First Heat Exchanger is connected with raw natural gas voltage adjusting device front-end pipelines by top magnetic valve, and the shell side outlet of First Heat Exchanger is connected with the 3rd control valve with the second control valve respectively; The second control valve is connected with the first turbo-expander, and the 3rd control valve is connected with the second heat exchanger; First Heat Exchanger with by end magnetic valve, be connected with the downstream pipe network of raw natural gas voltage adjusting device rear end.
2. the device that utilizes high-pressure natural gas pressure energy to reclaim waste and old PCB according to claim 1, is characterized in that, at the second outlet of centrifugal pump place, the pipeline that the second centrifugal pump is connected with the 3rd heat exchanger is access air heat-exchange purification separation equipment in parallel also; Described air heat-exchange purification separation equipment is flash tank.
3. the device that utilizes high-pressure natural gas pressure energy to reclaim waste and old PCB according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, in air heat-exchange purification separation equipment rear end, the 4th flowmeter and the 5th control valve are also housed on the pipeline that the second centrifugal pump is connected with the 3rd heat exchanger.
4. according to the high-pressure natural gas pressure energy that utilizes described in claim 2 or 3, reclaim the device of waste and old PCB, it is characterized in that, on the front and back end pipeline of described air heat-exchange purification separation equipment, be respectively equipped with the 6th control valve and the 7th control valve.
5. the device that utilizes high-pressure natural gas pressure energy to reclaim waste and old PCB according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the tube side port of export of described the 3rd heat exchanger is connected rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus by the 8th control valve with the 9th control valve respectively.
6. the device that utilizes high-pressure natural gas pressure energy to reclaim waste and old PCB according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the pipeline that the tube side port of export of described double-tube heat exchanger is connected with low temperature breaking equipment charging aperture is provided with the tenth control valve; The pipeline that described low temperature breaking equipment discharging opening is connected with filter plant entrance is provided with the 4th control valve.
7. the device that utilizes high-pressure natural gas pressure energy to reclaim waste and old PCB according to claim 1, is characterized in that, first flow meter and the first control valve are housed on the pipeline that described top control valve is connected with First Heat Exchanger.
8. the device that utilizes high-pressure natural gas pressure energy to reclaim waste and old PCB according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, on the pipeline of described First Heat Exchanger outlet, the second control valve is housed, the 3rd flowmeter is housed on the inlet pipeline of the first turbo-expander, the 3rd control valve and the second flowmeter are housed on the pipeline of the second heat exchanger import.
9. the device that utilizes high-pressure natural gas pressure energy to reclaim waste and old PCB according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described the first turbo-expander and the second turbo-expander are deep cooling oil lubrication turbo-expander; The first described deceleration coupling; With the second deceleration coupling; For one of general gear reduction unit or two parallel;
Described normal temperature mechanical crushing equipment is coarse crushing jaw crusher; Described rotational automatic reinforced mixing apparatus is SHR serial mixer; Described Magnet Separater is magnetic wind selecting separator;
Described First Heat Exchanger and the second heat exchanger are aluminium pricker plate-fin heat exchanger; The 3rd described heat exchanger is U-shaped pipe heat exchanger;
Described top control valve and end control valve are pneumatic control valve.
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| CN201420326635.6U CN203936116U (en) | 2014-06-18 | 2014-06-18 | Utilize high-pressure natural gas pressure energy to reclaim the device of waste and old PCB |
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| CN201420326635.6U CN203936116U (en) | 2014-06-18 | 2014-06-18 | Utilize high-pressure natural gas pressure energy to reclaim the device of waste and old PCB |
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| CN203936116U true CN203936116U (en) | 2014-11-12 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104070050A (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2014-10-01 | 华南理工大学 | Process and device for recycling waste PCB (printed circuit board) by virtue of pressure energy of high pressure natural gas |
| CN110441473A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-11-12 | 上海克础机械设备有限公司 | Prefabricated pumping plant toxic gas detection device |
-
2014
- 2014-06-18 CN CN201420326635.6U patent/CN203936116U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104070050A (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2014-10-01 | 华南理工大学 | Process and device for recycling waste PCB (printed circuit board) by virtue of pressure energy of high pressure natural gas |
| CN104070050B (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2016-01-20 | 华南理工大学 | High-pressure natural gas pressure energy is utilized to reclaim technique and the device of waste and old PCB |
| CN110441473A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-11-12 | 上海克础机械设备有限公司 | Prefabricated pumping plant toxic gas detection device |
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