CN203872423U - Multifunctional plasma material manufacturing system - Google Patents
Multifunctional plasma material manufacturing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN203872423U CN203872423U CN201420211066.0U CN201420211066U CN203872423U CN 203872423 U CN203872423 U CN 203872423U CN 201420211066 U CN201420211066 U CN 201420211066U CN 203872423 U CN203872423 U CN 203872423U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a multifunctional plasma material manufacturing system. The system comprises a composite control cabinet and a system power supply; the composite control cabinet and the system power supply are separately connected with a compressed air device, a first plasma air device, a second plasma air device and a deionizing purifying cooling water device. The deionizing purifying cooling water device is connected with a multifunctional work bench and a plasma generator; the first plasma air device and the second plasma air device are separately connected with the plasma generator; a vacuum chamber is installed in the plasma multifunctional work bench; a camera device is installed on the plasma multifunctional work bench; the plasma multifunctional work bench is connected with a computer monitoring device; the plasma generator is connected with a raw material supplying device and the vacuum chamber in the plasma multifunctional work bench is successively connected with a cyclone product collecting gas-solid separating device, a cloth-bag product collecting and air exhausting purifying air device and a vacuum pump vacuumizing device. The beneficial effects of the system are that electrodes are long in service lifetime and highly reliable.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to plasma material Preparation equipment technical field, relates to a kind of multi-functional plasma material preparation system.
Background technology
Utilize the property such as high temperature, high-temperature gradient of plasma technology, prepare nonmetal functional material, prepare high pure metal, nonmetal nano-powder material, concise purification special metal material and the high-leveled and difficult sintering metal of activity, non-metallic powder material are carried out to plasma activated sintering.Utilize plasma technology to improve economic benefit, raising utilization rate of electrical and the range of application of this technology in high performance material field of special material processing preparation.
Plasma high energy beam process technology is one of high-tech of current development new material processing faster preparation.Abroad aspect nonmetallic materials processing, specialty metal smelting, fabrication of new materials, high-energy utilance, development is very fast.Domesticly in the sixties in 20th century, start to smelt for specialty metal, developed into the application technology that has specific function covering extensive fields at present, in the multiple fields such as Aero-Space, nuclear energy, military affairs, material preparation and materials processing, be applied widely.In material processing field, be mainly used in the aspects such as welding, cutting, spraying, heat treatment, hot working, vapour deposition, ion film plating, at nonmetal functional material, only there is a small amount of other production line of tens feather weight per hour aspect preparing, because production capacity is little, capacity usage ratio is low, electrode life is short, operational reliability is poor, so be not widely used, plasma metallurgy is also like this.
Although current domestic plasma process technical elements development is very fast, but exist capacity usage ratio low, processing cost is high, economic benefit inapparent problem, the parameter of the various plasma processing equipments that provide according to existing market and service condition initial analysis, the transfer ratio of its electric energy is at (40～75) %, and the utilance of heat energy is at (30～80) %, electrode life, and system reliability was poor at tens hours to below 100 hours.The feature of plasma heat energy is concentration of energy, and temperature gradient is large, needs the knowledge such as integrated application thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, plasma physics, materialogy, finds out its relation and rule of restriction each other, could develop better this sphere of learning.If solve present stage more outstanding theory and these problems in reality, the manufacturing process of the most easily realizing in this high energy beam processing of plasma, just can really give play to its advantage, in the deep processing of fabrication of new materials and mineral and functional material, will bring into play larger effect.All significant to arc heat plasma subject and Technique Popularizing.
This project emphasis solve plasma on utilization of power low and irregular governed problem and plasma generator low electrode life, the problem of poor reliability, and set up technique and Mathematical Modeling is analyzed and researched, only have that to have solved capacity usage ratio low, electrode life is low, poor reliability, the problem that use cost is high, the application of plasma material preparation and fabrication just has more wide development space.At plasma torch reliably, stably light, the heat energy of electric energy conversion can be to greatest extent for the processing of non-metallic powder functional material and the concise purification of special metal material for the research emphasis of the concrete application aspect of this project.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is providing a kind of multi-functional plasma material preparation system, has solved the existing plasma generation device electrode life-span low, the problem of poor reliability.
The technical scheme that the utility model adopts is to comprise integrated control cabinet and system power supply, integrated control cabinet and system power supply connect respectively blowing plant, the first plasma (orifice) gas body device, the second plasma (orifice) gas body device and the pure chilled water unit of deionization, the pure chilled water unit of deionization connects multifunctional workstation and plasma generator, the first plasma (orifice) gas body device, the second plasma (orifice) gas body device connects respectively plasma generator or PAS, SPS plasma activated sintering device, blowing plant connects plasma generator or PAS, SPS plasma activated sintering device, plasma generator or PAS, SPS plasma activated sintering device is arranged on plasma multifunctional workstation, plasma multifunctional workstation inside is provided with vacuum chamber, camera head is also installed on plasma multifunctional workstation, plasma multifunctional workstation connects computer monitor device, plasma generator or PAS, SPS plasma activated sintering device is also connected with raw material feed device, vacuum chamber in plasma multifunctional workstation connects whirlwind product-collecting gas-solid separating device, whirlwind product-collecting gas-solid separating device connects cloth bag product-collecting and exhaust Air Cleaning gas device, and connect vacuum pump vacuum extractor simultaneously.
Further, blowing plant, the first plasma (orifice) gas body device, the second plasma (orifice) gas body device, the pure chilled water unit of deionization, integrated control cabinet and system power supply, plasma multifunctional workstation, plasma generator, raw material feed device, whirlwind product-collecting gas-solid separating device, cloth bag product-collecting exhaust Air Cleaning gas device, vacuum pump vacuum extractor, is respectively arranged with automatic Measuring Instruments on PAS, SPS plasma activated sintering device.
Further, integrated control cabinet and system power supply adopt DZX-30 plasma comprehensive application system.
Further, vacuum chamber one end opening connects plasma generator or SPS plasma activated sintering device, and vacuum chamber bottom is provided with vacuum chamber rewinding box, and vacuum chamber other end opening connects whirlwind product-collecting gas-solid separating device.
Further, plasma generator comprises cathode electrode, anode electrode, plasma gas entrance, and plasma compressed gas entrance, material adds entrance, cooling water inlet outlet.Chamber between cathode electrode and anode electrode is provided with plasma gas entrance, and there is the plasma compressed gas entrance tangentially adding its below, then is that material adds entrance on the lower, has into water and delivery port the whole plasma channel of water quench near anode.
Further, whirlwind product-collecting gas-solid separating device is provided with gaseous mixture entrance and vacuum pump connector, and cloth bag product-collecting device connector, and gaseous mixture entrance connects vacuum chamber, vacuum pump connector connects vacuum pump vacuum extractor, and cloth bag product-collecting device connector connects cloth bag product-collecting device.
Usefulness of the present utility model is that electrode life is long, and reliability is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the system of the multi-functional plasma material preparation system of the utility model forms schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is plasma multifunctional workstation structural representation;
Fig. 3 is plasma generator schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is whirlwind product-collecting gas-solid separating device schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the utility model is elaborated.
The utility model comprises integrated control cabinet 5 as shown in Figure 1, integrated control cabinet and system power supply 5 connect respectively blowing plant 1, the first plasma (orifice) gas body device 2, the pure chilled water unit 4 of the second plasma (orifice) gas body device 3 and deionization, the pure chilled water unit 4 of deionization connects multifunctional workstation 6 and plasma generator 7, the first plasma (orifice) gas body device 2, the second plasma (orifice) gas body device 3 connects respectively plasma generator 7 or PAS, SPS plasma activated sintering device 14, blowing plant 1 connects plasma generator 7 or PAS, SPS plasma activated sintering device 14, plasma generator 7 or PAS, SPS plasma activated sintering device 14 is arranged on plasma multifunctional workstation 6, plasma multifunctional workstation 6 inside are provided with vacuum chamber 13, camera head 15 is also installed on plasma multifunctional workstation 6, it connects computer monitor device 10 by plasma multifunctional workstation 6, plasma generator 7 or PAS, SPS plasma activated sintering device 14 is also connected with raw material feed device 8, vacuum chamber 13 in plasma multifunctional workstation 6 connects whirlwind product-collecting gas-solid separating device 9, whirlwind product-collecting gas-solid separating device 9 connects cloth bag product-collecting exhaust Air Cleaning gas device 11, and connect vacuum pump vacuum extractor 12 simultaneously.
Further, blowing plant 1, the first plasma (orifice) gas body device 2, the second plasma (orifice) gas body device 3, the pure chilled water unit 4 of deionization, integrated control cabinet and system power supply 5, plasma multifunctional workstation 6, plasma generator 7, raw material feed device 8, whirlwind product-collecting gas-solid separating device 9, cloth bag product-collecting exhaust Air Cleaning gas device 11, vacuum pump vacuum extractor 12, is respectively arranged with automatic Measuring Instruments 16 on PAS, SPS plasma activated sintering device 14.
Further, integrated control cabinet and system power supply 5 adopt DZX-30 plasma comprehensive application system.
Further, vacuum chamber 13 1 end openings connection plasma generators 7 or PAS, SPS plasma activated sintering device 14, vacuum chamber 13 bottoms are provided with vacuum chamber rewinding storehouse 1301, and vacuum chamber 13 other end openings connect whirlwind product-collecting gas-solid separating devices 9.
Further, plasma generator 7 comprises cathode electrode 701, anode electrode 702, plasma gas entrance 703, and plasma compressed gas entrance 704, material adds entrance 705, cooling water inlet outlet 706.Chamber between cathode electrode 701 and anode electrode 702 is provided with plasma gas entrance 703, there is the plasma compressed gas entrance 704 tangentially adding its below, be that material adds entrance 705 more on the lower, near anode 702, have into water and delivery port 706 the whole plasma channel of water quench.
Further, whirlwind product-collecting gas-solid separating device 9 is provided with gaseous mixture entrance 901 and vacuum pump connector 902, and cloth bag product-collecting device connector 903, gaseous mixture entrance 901 connects vacuum chamber 13, vacuum pump connector 902 connects vacuum pump vacuum extractor 12,903 and connects cloth bag product-collecting device 11.
Vacuum chamber 13 is installed in multifunctional workstation 6, plasma generator 7 is housed on it, its position replaceable one-tenth PAS, SPS plasma activated sintering device 14.During dress plasma generator 7, produce plasma torch (or claiming plasma jet, plasmatorch, plasma), can process and prepare nano metal and non-metallic powder, and metal and nonmetallic spherical powder, by the interval fusion method of plasma torch and fractional condensation technology, between duplicate block, melting is 2-3 time, can obtain the product of metal material of Refining.While being replaced with PAS, SPS plasma activated sintering device 14, metal and non-metallic powder material can be prepared into function block materials of corresponding metal and nonmetallic densification or hole etc.This is one of main feature of multi-functional plasma material preparation system.
The main running of this utility model device is: first give integrated control cabinet and system power supply 5 power transmissions, then open respectively blowing plant 1, the first plasma (orifice) gas body device 2, the second plasma (orifice) gas body device 3, the pure chilled water unit 4 of deionization, and the running parameter of each device is adjusted to determining in number range of rule; The graininess or the micro-powder raw material that to raw material feed device 8, pack needs preparations into, after sealing, passing into powder feeding gas, to reach the pressure of regulation standby; By integrated control cabinet 5, adopt DZX-30 plasma comprehensive application system to carry out parameter regulates the three kinds of plasma power supplies, plasma gas, plasma compression gas, the cooling water that reach regulation and require to the plasma generator 7 being contained on multifunctional workstation 6, to send into simultaneously.Open vacuum pump vacuum extractor 12, make to be provided with in multifunctional workstation 6 the vacuum degree requirement that vacuum chamber 13 and whirlwind product-collecting gas-solid separating device 9 reach regulation; Open cloth bag product-collecting exhaust Air Cleaning gas device 11 normal.Now can light and form plasma-arc flame (or claiming plasma jet, plasmatorch, plasma) by the high frequency electric source plasma generator 7 that ignites, by camera head 15 is housed on plasma multifunctional workstation 6, signal pattern is passed to computer monitor device 10, the working conditions such as observable plasma torch, the work in every parameter that demonstration is provided by being arranged at respectively automatic Measuring Instruments 16 in above various device, can judge that whether whole system is working properly.Parameters all in prescribed limit after, open raw material feed device 8 to plasma generator 7 feedings, if material is sent into evenly normal, material after plasma torch processing forms fluid-mixing vacuum chamber 13 and whirlwind product-collecting gas-solid separating device 9 cloth bag product-collecting exhaust Air Cleaning gas device 11 is installed in multifunctional workstation 6, can collect and obtain nanometer or functional product.In vacuum chamber 13, be provided with and can control the cooling fluid of nano-powder diameter, pattern or the device that crystalline form additive adds.Stop this system, first want raw material feed device 8 to stop feed, then stop to plasma generator 7 power supplies, again afterwards by the contrary direction shutdown system of the order of open system, after system cools, can in the feed bin of vacuum chamber 13 and whirlwind product-collecting gas-solid separating device 9 cloth bag product-collecting exhaust Air Cleaning gas device 11, collect the product preparing.
The position replaceable one-tenth PAS, the SPS plasma activated sintering device 14 that on multifunctional workstation, fill plasma generator 7, method and the said process of its opening and closing are similar.
The annexation of this system is: the pure chilled water unit 4 of deionization is used for cooling plasma multifunctional workstation 6 and plasma generator 7 through integrated control cabinet 5 meterings, measurement temperature, the first plasma (orifice) gas body device 2, the second plasma (orifice) gas body device 3 offers the plasma gas that plasma generator 7 has reducing atmosphere and inert atmosphere after integrated control cabinet 5 meterings, and blowing plant 1 provides the plasma (orifice) gas of inertia or oxidizing atmosphere after integrated control cabinet 5 meterings for plasma generator 7.Integrated control cabinet and system power supply 5 provide power frequency supply for plasma generator 7, plasma generator 7 produces plasma torch, PAS, SPS plasma activated sintering device 14 generation PAS, SPS plasma activated sintering high energy beam thermal source, and the situation that plasma torch situation and material add can monitor by camera head 15, computer monitor device 10.There is raw material feed device 8 to provide various materials for the production of nano metal, non-metallic powder, the functional processing of powder body material, the remelting material of purifying metals, the activated sintering of powder body material etc. to plasma generator 7.Nano material product is discharged through whirlwind product-collecting gas-solid separating device 9,11 after-purifications of cloth bag product-collecting exhaust Air Cleaning gas device.When plasma activation atmosphere sintering, through vacuum pump vacuum extractor 12, keep plasma multifunctional workstation 6 needed work atmospheres.Powder product is collected in the aggregate bin of whirlwind product-collecting gas-solid separating device 9 and cloth bag product-collecting exhaust Air Cleaning gas device 11, and activated sintering product is collected in plasma multifunctional workstation 6.Vacuum chamber 13 is installed in plasma multifunctional workstation 6, camera head 15 is housed on it, the working conditions such as observable plasma torch, plasma generator position replaceable one-tenth PAS, SPS plasma activated sintering device 14, on various devices, be equiped with automatic Measuring Instruments 16, automatic Measuring Instruments 16 is thermocouple etc., for each running parameter of automatic checkout system.
Plasma must be unobstructed at the passage of generator inside, and the Compressed Gas of plasma compression must guarantee that plasma can not contact with generator inwall.Plasma system mixed air exhaust system air pressure must be negative pressure along discharge directions and increase gradually distribution, and must guarantee that plasma torch sprays into multifunctional workstation place and is negative pressure, makes plasma torch can carry material and successfully sprays.
The utility model develops plasma multifunctional workstation 6 and adopts modular construction, as shown in Figure 2.The plasma generator 7 of cooperating platform, takes into account transferred plasma arc and non-transferred plasma arc structure, as shown in Figure 3, whirlwind product-collecting gas-solid separating device 9, detailed structure is shown in Fig. 4.
Vacuum chamber 13 is installed in multifunctional workstation 6, camera head 15 is housed on it, the working conditions such as observable plasma torch, plasma generator 7 position replaceable one-tenth PAS, SPS plasma activated sintering device 14, various devices are provided with the automatic Measuring Instruments such as thermocouple 16, for each running parameter of automatic checkout system.
The Main Function of integrated control cabinet 5 is that the power supply control dispensing of system power supply and the measurement of electric parameter show, and the concentrated measurement of each major parameter of system and demonstration control.Gas is through the flow measurement vision-control controller on control cubicle, and the water inlet of cooling water, leaving water temperature are also pooled to control cubicle and show, to regulate, control.
Plasma generator 7 is with inert argon, helium etc. are plasma working gas, also can adopt nitrogen, hydrogen, compressed air etc. are as plasma working gas, its operating voltage is 10～60V, operating current is 40～500A, , the step that its plasma torch is lighted or produced is as follows: logical working gas argon gas in plasma generator 7, after nitrogen or hydrogen, start the power supply of plasma generator 7, argon gas is ionized into argon plasma, formation temperature is 3800K～30000K, region is diameter 10mm, length is about 80mm, central temperature is high, the plasma jet of the high-temperature gradient that limit portion temperature is low (or claims plasma torch, plasmatorch, plasma), with argon gas, micron order metal powder is accelerated to be transported to high temperature plasma jet middle fusion and gasification, reaction time is 20～30MS, the working gas of plasma generator 7 is hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, compressed air or its admixture of gas.The power of adjustable plasma generator 7 and the kind of working gas and flow are produced the nano-powder material of different materials type as required.
In plasma generator 7 also available alloy raw material or simple metal as positive pole, between positive pole and nozzle negative pole, by high frequency points burner, ignite and form electric arc, ionization inert gas around, form stable plasma flame, raw material is by high-temperature plasma heat fused, evaporation forms metallic vapour, inert gas skims over from top to bottom metallic vapour with certain flow velocity all the time and mixes with son as coolant, form the fluid-mixing of uniform temperature gradient and draught head, wherein metallic atom will move according to certain mode after catching a cold, and be condensed into the cigarette flame of nano-metal particle.Nano-metal particle arrives at appointment gathering-device under the transporting of inert gas, completes classification and the collection of nano metal powder.The utility model can be used for the preparation of the metal nano powder powder material that purity is higher, and average grain diameter 10～80nm capable of regulating, also can prepare alloy nano powder.Preparation facilities volume is relatively little, is convenient to implement.When adopting compressed air as plasma working gas, simple metal steam and airborne oxygen react, under circulating water cooling effect in reactor interlayer, form very large temperature gradient, cause supersaturation district very high in metallic vapour, and from gas phase spontaneous nucleation, condense, grow into nanometer metal oxide microparticle.Prepared nano-TiO for example
2powder grain, its regular shape, powder purity is high; The utility model can be realized continuous-feeding, successive reaction, powder process continuously, and efficiency is high, compares with additive method, more easily accomplishes scale production.
The situation that flame profile size and raw material add can monitor by computer monitor device 10.Raw material feed device 8 provides the functional processing of various raw material for the production of nano metal powder, non-metallic powder, powder body material to plasma generator 7, as changed into spheric granules etc., remelting material of purifying metals, the activated sintering of powder body material etc. by dihedral particle.The utility model is multi-functional plasma material preparation system, when using the plasma torch of plasma generator 7, can process and prepare nano metal and non-metallic powder, and metal and nonmetallic spherical powder, when using PAS, SPS plasma activated sintering device 14, metal and non-metallic powder material can be prepared into function block materials of densification or hole etc.Through whirlwind product-collecting gas-solid separating device 9, cloth bag product-collecting exhaust Air Cleaning gas device 11, after collecting, discharge, gas and product separation can directly be discharged in atmosphere after purifying.
When PAS, SPS plasma activated sintering device 14 carry out plasma activated sintering, plasma activated sintering (plasmaActivatedSintering-PAS) or title discharge plasma sintering (SparkPlasmaSintering-SPS) are to add plasma power supply to produce the special equipment that high-temperature concretion becomes block materials to powder metallurgy powder body material.By on-load tap-changing transformer, silicon controlled rectifier, silicon controlled rectifier direct current reactor, strong current pulsed power supply, direct current loop detector, voltage/frequency detector, water-cooled cable, vacuum plant, argon gas device, die device, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, the formations such as charging device.Sintering process is to apply a pulse current in the sintering starting stage, make to produce between metal powder granulates plasma arc, under the effect of plasma arc, oxide-film and the impurity on metal dust surface are eliminated, metal dust directly contacts concurrent raw burn knot and forms sintering neck, then impose large electric current and certain pressure makes the densification of metal powder opisthosoma or hole metal derby, large electric current directly completes sintering process by metal powder opisthosoma and mould generation Joule heat simultaneously.Can make to produce plasma arc between metal powder opisthosoma particle, play and control the object that sintering curing metal dust is block materials.
Concrete employing by singly planting or the powder of multiple element mixing and the material powder that alloy powder forms; pack in corundum mould; insert again in discharge plasma sintering stove; unidirectional or two-wayly apply certain axial compressive force; adopt under vacuum state or inert gas shielding state and carry out sintering, programming rate is 50～1000 ℃/MIN, and sintering temperature is 900～2500 ℃; after insulation, cool to room temperature with the furnace, can obtain densification or hole metal alloy block materials.Advantage is: can be at short notice, prepare that density is high under lower sintering temperature, composition evenly, the refractory metal alloy function block materials of excellent performance; There are energy-conserving and environment-protective, simple to operate, repeatable strong feature.
Through vacuum pump vacuum extractor 12, keep plasma multifunctional workstation 6 needed work atmospheres.Powder product refers to object granularity at micron order and nano level various metal, non-metal powder material, if prepare a micron powder material through processing, claim micro-powder product, obtain nanometer powder material and claim nano-powder product, when the material of granularity during at grade, just powder be can not be called, and gravel or granular material are called.Through whirlwind product-collecting gas-solid separating device 9, cloth bag product-collecting exhaust Air Cleaning gas device 11, collect.Activated sintering product is collected in multifunctional workstation 6.Collect the various metals that make and nonmetal nano-powder material, spherical powder material; High pure metal material; Fast Sintering densification or hole bulk metal or nonmetallic materials etc.
The utility model adopts the effect of seven kinds of fluids in system, and argon gas, nitrogen, oxygen, compressed air can be used as and produces isoionic gas, and cathode gas, also can make plasma compression gas, and interpole or anodic gas; Acetylene gas is for generation of oxyacetylene torch, and the temperature field of improving plasma torch distributes; Mixed ventilation gas is for carrying the product-collecting device of the powder product of preparation; Cooling water is mainly used in cooling plasma generator, multifunctional workstation, water-cooled cable, plasma power supply etc.
Three kinds of flames: 1. direct current plasma flame, 2. pulse plasma flame, 3. combustion gas plasma torch (oxy-acetylene plasma torch), three kinds of flames are all that plasma generator 7 produces, all by high pressure, high frequency electric source, lighted a fire, also referred to as striking, by DC power supply or the stable plasma fire of lighting of the pulse power, by integrated control cabinet and system power supply 5, directly accessed in plasma generator 7 or plasma multifunctional workstation 6.Three kinds of power supplys: completed by standard device and technological improvement design and repacking.1. DC power supply: direct-flow argon-arc welder replacement, improvement and improvement and design.2. high pressure plays arc power: special high-pressure, high frequency, little electric current, small-power corona power supply.3. the pulse power: pulse frequency and duty ratio are adjustable, the plasma power supply that electric current is adjustable.
Three kinds of power supplys are all used in plasma generator 7 and produce plasma torchs, or as the power supply of PAS, SPS plasma activated sintering device 14, produce plasma effect, improve sintering efficiency, shorten sintering time.LGK-40 Inverter Used in Plasma Cutting produces plasma direct-current power supply.WSM-500 DC pulse argon arc welding multifunctional power produces plasma direct-current power supply, plasma pulse power supply.The power supply of two kinds of models all starts the power supply of plasma arc with high pressure, high frequency.
Five kinds show control instrument instrument: thermometer: pointer-type or digital display type; Pressure gauge: pointer-type; Flowmeter: glass tube spinner flowmeter or pointer flowmeter; Voltmeter: pointer or digital; Ammeter: pointer or digital.Thermometer is mainly used in cooling water turnover temperature, multifunctional workstation furnace chamber temperature, plasma (orifice) gas temperature, convey materials gas temperature, the mensuration of carrying 6 temperature spots such as product mixed ventilation gas.Pressure gauge has two kinds, malleation table and negative-pressure vacuum Pressure gauge, malleation table is mainly used in the pressure measxurement of plasma (orifice) gas, plasma compressed gas, negative-pressure vacuum Pressure gauge is mainly used in the measurement of the negative-pressure vacuum degree of vacuum state mixed ventilation gas, and now vacuum pump vacuum extractor 12 is in opening.Flowmeter is mainly used in the measurement of argon gas, nitrogen, compressed air and cooling water.Voltmeter ammeter is mainly used in the operating voltage of voltage, electric current and output of plasma power supply power supply input, the mensuration of electric current.
In seven kinds of fluids, argon gas, oxygen, four kinds of gases of acetylene gas are all in standarized component gas storage cylinder, to deposit and directly after decompression pressure regulation, then plasma generator 7 uses by sending into after control cubicle 5 observing and controlling flows.Compressed air is produced and is used by sending into plasma generator 7 after control cubicle 5 observing and controlling flows by blowing plant 1.Mixed ventilation gas is produced by plasma generator 7 and multifunctional workstation 5, with vacuum pump vacuum extractor 12 or cloth bag product-collecting exhaust Air Cleaning gas device 11 with air exhauster extract out after purification and enter in atmosphere.Cooling water, after M-201A9 processes, is given from the circulating cooling system designing and producing.Divide two-way metering rear cooling plasma power supply, water-cooled cable and plasma generator 7 and multifunctional workstation 6 respectively.
Three kinds of flames all produce in plasma generator, but need three kinds of power supplys, seven kinds of normally generations of system that fluid, integrated control cabinet form.Three kinds of power supplys produce plasma direct-current power supply by LGK-40 Inverter Used in Plasma Cutting.WSM-500 DC pulse argon arc welding multifunctional power produces, and through system, delivers to plasma generator 7, produces plasma (or claiming plasma torch, plasmatorch, plasma arc etc.).Also as the multifunctional power of plasma activated sintering.
Five kinds of demonstration control instruments are mainly contained in integrated control cabinet integrated control cabinet and system power supply 5, and form on the various devices of preparation system, and decompression table is mainly contained on the gas outlet of 40m3 gas storage cylinder and on the gas outlet of 0.6/8MPa air compressor machine.Volometer input power is partly contained in Comprehensive Control cashier's office in a shop, and output is mainly contained on two kinds of power panels.
Adopt plasma multifunctional workstation (modular construction), plasma technology integrated application operation control system or operating desk (modular construction), good looking appearance is generous, easy to operate, and test record experimental data is convenient.Can be for plasma process and the technology preparation of metal material and nonmetallic materials.Can flexible assembling plasma generator power supply, produce various plasma torchs, complete various processing prepared by multi-functional plasma material and prepare function.
In the application study of preparing aspect functional material deep processing
On direct current plasma industrialness pilot production line, carry out the research of application industrial experiment, realize high electric energy conversion utilization, high heat energy utilization; Realize high yield, low consumption, high-quality, high reliability are produced.
At plasma compound material preparation system and metallurgical laboratory cooperation, carry out concise, the special smelting Applied experimental study of metallurgical remelting, for specialty metal processing provides experimental data and experience.
Utilize plasma torch to prepare functional powder and carry out extraordinary metallurgical application of smelting.And can bring into play the characteristic that heat utilization rate and electrode life and reliability are high, specifically can be implemented as follows content:
Embodiment 1: the main contents that are prepared as the processing of plasma non-metallic powder with the spherical function powder preparation of silicon dioxide and nano-powder.Important technological parameters: plasma input power 11KW, direct current output no-load voltage 250V, operating voltage 100V, the maximum 40A of electric current.Raw material is polygonal metal or non-metallic powder 200-600 order, through the plasma torch processing of this utility model device, can prepare corresponding spherical powder product.
Embodiment 2: nano material is prepared main technologic parameters: average anode current 10-500A, direct-flow no load voltage 78.6V, operating voltage 30V.Raw material is metal or non-metallic particle material or piece material, under vacuum or inert atmosphere state, through plasma torch fusion and gasification material, and through the control to chilling temperature and crystallization mode, can prepare the 10-80 nano-powder product of respective material.With this parameter fusion and gasification metallic zinc, titanium, under oxidizing atmosphere, can prepare nano-ZnO
2, TiO
2
Embodiment 3: active hard-to-sinter porous material plasma activated sintering technological parameter: maximum output current 500A, pulse frequency adjustable range 0.5-500Hz, duty cycle adjustment scope 0.15-1.Parameter 2, average anode current 5-160A, frequency pulse adjustable range 1-200Hz, duty cycle adjustment scope 0.1-0.9, floating voltage 75V, arcing time factor 60%, operating pressure 0.1-25MPa.Raw material is micron and nano-powder, by raw material pack into two sides can stressed graphite or corundum crucible in, then access plasma electrode, carry out plasma activated sintering, can prepare fast block micron, nanostructure with the corresponding functional product of raw material.Under 0.2MPa argon pressure atmosphere, 600 order TiH2 powder 20% and 400 order Ti metallic titanium powder 80%, through 300HZ, 500A Pulse Electric 60s activation, then through 450A direct current 6min sintering, can obtain hole titanium bulk metal material.
Embodiment 4: plasma activated sintering densification or functionally gradient material (FGM).Activated sintering technological parameter: direct current, pulse output current 10-500A, direct current, pulse floating voltage 75V, operating voltage 30V.Pulse frequency adjustable range 0.5-500Hz, duty cycle adjustment scope 0.15-1, applies maximum pressure 25MPa to crucible two ends in sintering, and the pressure differential multiple can pressurizeing respectively in crucible two ends is 5-100, can determine concrete multiple according to the performance that requires of functionally gradient material (FGM).Raw material is micron and nano-powder, by raw material pack into two sides can stressed graphite or corundum crucible in, access again plasma electrode, vacuum system and argon gas, at two ends, add under the state of difference pressure and carry out plasma activated sintering, can prepare fast fine and close and gradient-structure block micron, nanostructure with the corresponding functional product of raw material.
Embodiment 5: the metallic silicon of take is concise, purifying as Plasma Special smelting technique is applied as main contents.Utilize plasma compound material preparation system specifically to implement with metallurgical relevant corollary equipment instrument.Preparation main technologic parameters 1: average anode current 10-500A, direct-flow no load voltage 75V, operating voltage 30V.Preparation main technologic parameters 2: direct current output no-load voltage 250V, operating voltage 100V, the maximum 40A of electric current.Raw material is bonding jumper rod, strip or bar-shaped metal materials are put into boat-shaped crucible, by the interval fusion method of plasma torch and fractional condensation technology, between duplicate block, melting is 2-3 time, can obtain the product of metal material of Refining, the industrial silicon that can be 99% by grade, purification is the solar-grade polysilicon of 69 purity.
Embodiment 6: the analysis and research that can enter a little heat utilization rates.To functional material processing and special heat exhaustion of smelting process unit's material, actual measurement system output is also calculated the total amount of heat that actual product is produced, and the ratio of the heat that this total amount of heat and plasmatorch are sent is the utilance of heat energy, with this, can set up process modeling.Enforcement technology path is: according to plasma torch structure and thermal processing furnace structural parameters experimental data and product data, set up Mathematical Modeling, analyze data correction model to obtain analogue system.
Usefulness of the present utility model is that electrode life is long, and reliability is high, the internal structure design of plasma generator and the pressure law of system mixed air exhaust system.Plasma must be unobstructed at the passage of generator inside, the Compressed Gas of plasma compression must guarantee that plasma can not contact with generator inwall, otherwise will reduce its life-span by scaling loss plasma generator, the type of flow of plasma generator indoor design and plasma Compressed Gas and speed are wanted to guarantee these requirements; System mixed air exhaust system air pressure must be negative pressure along discharge directions and increase gradually distribution, and must guarantee that plasma torch sprays into multifunctional workstation place and is negative pressure, make plasma torch can carry material and successfully spray, the discharge of mist must guarantee enough negative pressure.Employing is by singly planting or the powder of multiple element mixing and the material powder that alloy powder forms; pack in corundum mould; insert again in discharge plasma sintering stove; unidirectional or two-wayly apply certain axial compressive force; adopt under vacuum state or inert gas shielding state and carry out sintering, programming rate is 50～1000 ℃/MIN, and sintering temperature is 900～2500 ℃; after insulation, cool to room temperature with the furnace, can obtain densification or hole metal alloy block materials.Advantage is: can be at short notice, prepare that density is high under lower sintering temperature, composition evenly, the refractory metal alloy function block materials of excellent performance; There are energy-conserving and environment-protective, simple to operate, repeatable strong feature.The utility model is a Multifunctional high-energy bundle experimental system, can through combination plasma material processing, plasma activated sintering PAS, etc. from welding, cutting and plasma spraying etc., in scientific experiment He in teaching, can play an important role.The process of its research and result are science, and consequently reliably especially systemic-function, in the experimentation of research, has embodied reliability, to the investigation of materials of further carrying out other in science, technology be all to have important value and Practical significance economically.System reduced investment, function is many, can develop more, wider research method, carries out the processing preparation of more new materials.
Claims (6)
1. a multi-functional plasma material preparation system, it is characterized in that: comprise integrated control cabinet and system power supply (5), integrated control cabinet and system power supply (5) connect respectively blowing plant (1), the first plasma (orifice) gas body device (2), the second plasma (orifice) gas body device (3) and the pure chilled water unit of deionization (4), the pure chilled water unit of deionization (4) connects multifunctional workstation (6) and plasma generator (7), the first plasma (orifice) gas body device (2), the second plasma (orifice) gas body device (3) connects respectively plasma generator (7) or PAS, SPS plasma activated sintering device (14), blowing plant (1) connects plasma generator (7) or PAS, SPS plasma activated sintering device (14), plasma generator (7) or PAS, SPS plasma activated sintering device (14) is arranged on plasma multifunctional workstation (6), plasma multifunctional workstation (6) inside is provided with vacuum chamber (13), camera head (15) is also installed on plasma multifunctional workstation (6), plasma multifunctional workstation (6) connects computer monitor device (10), plasma generator (7) or PAS, SPS plasma activated sintering device (14) is also connected with raw material feed device (8), vacuum chamber (13) in plasma multifunctional workstation (6) connects whirlwind product-collecting gas-solid separating device (9), whirlwind product-collecting gas-solid separating device (9) connects cloth bag product-collecting and exhaust Air Cleaning gas device (11), and connect vacuum pump vacuum extractor (12) simultaneously.
2. according to a kind of multi-functional plasma material preparation system described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described blowing plant (1), described the first plasma (orifice) gas body device (2), described the second plasma (orifice) gas body device (3), the pure chilled water unit of described deionization (4), described integrated control cabinet and system power supply (5), described plasma multifunctional workstation (6), described plasma generator (7), described raw material feed device (8), described whirlwind product-collecting gas-solid separating device (9), described cloth bag product-collecting exhaust Air Cleaning gas device (11), described vacuum pump vacuum extractor (12), described PAS, on SPS plasma activated sintering device (14), be respectively arranged with automatic Measuring Instruments (16).
3. according to a kind of multi-functional plasma material preparation system described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described integrated control cabinet and system power supply (5) adopt DZX-30 plasma comprehensive application system.
4. according to a kind of multi-functional plasma material preparation system described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described vacuum chamber (13) one end openings connect described plasma generator (7) or described PAS, SPS plasma activated sintering device (14), described vacuum chamber (13) bottom is provided with vacuum chamber rewinding box (1301), and vacuum chamber (13) other end opening connects described whirlwind product-collecting gas-solid separating device (9).
5. according to a kind of multi-functional plasma material preparation system described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described plasma generator (7) comprises that cathode electrode (701), anode electrode (702), plasma gas entrance (703), plasma compressed gas entrance (704), material add entrance (705) and cooling water inlet outlet (706); Chamber between cathode electrode (701) and anode electrode (702) is provided with plasma gas entrance (703), there is the plasma compressed gas entrance (704) tangentially adding its below, that material adds entrance (705) more on the lower, near anode (702), have into water and delivery port (706), the whole plasma channel of water quench.
6. according to a kind of multi-functional plasma material preparation system described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described whirlwind product-collecting gas-solid separating device (9) is provided with gaseous mixture entrance (901), vacuum pump connector (902) and cloth bag product-collecting device connector (903), gaseous mixture entrance (901) connects described vacuum chamber (13), vacuum pump connector (902) connects described vacuum pump vacuum extractor (12), and cloth bag product-collecting device connector (903) connects described cloth bag product-collecting device (11).
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| CN103945629A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-07-23 | 昆明冶金高等专科学校 | Multifunctional plasma material preparation system |
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| CN103945629A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-07-23 | 昆明冶金高等专科学校 | Multifunctional plasma material preparation system |
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