CN203858358U - Thunder positioning system - Google Patents
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- CN203858358U CN203858358U CN201320846510.1U CN201320846510U CN203858358U CN 203858358 U CN203858358 U CN 203858358U CN 201320846510 U CN201320846510 U CN 201320846510U CN 203858358 U CN203858358 U CN 203858358U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a thunder positioning system comprising a detection device, a data acquisition module and a data processing module. The detection device and the data acquisition module are matched and connected; and the data acquisition module and the data processing module are matched and connected. The detection device employs a sensor array that is a 19-element cross-shaped sensor array; and the 19-element cross-shaped sensor array use 19 sensors and a three-dimensional cross-shaped stereo array, wherein the 19 sensors are installed at the three-dimensional cross-shaped stereo array. The three-dimensional cross-shaped stereo array is formed by a cross-shaped horizontal coordinate axis and a linear vertical coordinate axis; twelve sensors are symmetrically installed at the cross-shaped horizontal coordinate axis; each three sensors are installed at one direction axis, using the center point as an initial point, of the cross-shaped horizontal coordinate axis, wherein distances between all sensors installed at the same direction axis and the center point of the cross-shaped horizontal coordinate axis are unequal; and another seven sensors are installed at the linear vertical coordinate axis at unequal intervals.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to lightning monitoring field, relates in particular to a kind of thunder positioning system, and it is applicable to single station lightening detection system.
Background technology
When thunder and lightning occurs, the huge energy of abrupt release will cause the rapid expansion of lightning channel, the diffusion process of this energy can produce shock wave, shock wave in atmosphere, propagate in its energy can weaken and degenerate, finally form inaudible sound wave and audible thunder.In order to study the physical process of generation and the development of thunder and lightning, determine the occurrence positions of thunder and lightning and the reason of analyzing the caused lightning strike accident of thunder and lightning, people, in continuous research process, had obtained some about determining the time of origin of thunder and lightning and determining methods that thunder and lightning position occurs.Wherein, the research according to the method for thunder signal framing thunder sound source position has obtained continuous development.According to the knowledge of the applicant, presenter according to the method for thunder signal framing thunder sound source position is Few, Few allows colleague's the achievement of scientific research personnel approval having obtained aspect the research according to thunder signal framing thunder sound source position, and he utilizes thunder sensor array to realize first the reconstruction of lightning channel.He finds that the mistiming that arrives different thunder sensors based on thunder signal just can determine the oriented radial information of thunder, in conjunction with the mistiming of thunder signal and lightning electromagnetic signal, can obtain the range information of thunder and lightning simultaneously, finally can locate the position of thunder sound source.
In addition, the article < < that the < < plateau meteorology > > magazine that China is published was delivered the 1st phase in 2012 is based on thunder time of arrival poor single station lightning channel 3 D positioning system > > and Chinese patent literature < < thunder and lightning locating device > > (patent No.: the CN201220453805.8) technology contents of disclosed relevant location thunder sound source position based on acousto-optic-electric simultaneous observation, allow people have further understanding to the research situation of this respect.
Applicant is by finding the research of above-mentioned article and document, the article of the single station lightning channel 3 D positioning system > > of < < based on thunder difference time of arrival and < < thunder and lightning locating device > > (patent No.: in patent documentation CN201220453805.8), disclosed technology respectively has its distinctive feature based on acousto-optic-electric simultaneous observation, the thunder sensor array that their propose and detection method are the improvement done in existing technical foundation and the product of optimization, but the thunder location algorithm that the two adopts has still been continued to use forefathers' method.According to the knowledge of the applicant, this thunder location algorithm is to utilize Time Delay Estimation Algorithms to process multichannel thunder time-domain signal, thereby obtains the mistiming that signal arrives different sensors.Because thunder signal belongs to low frequency and continuous signal, it is disturbed by various factors must in communication process, comprise the phase mutual interference between different thunder sound-source signals, will cause so the interrelated function of thunder signal to have a lot of uncertainties, the reliability of thunder location algorithm and accuracy are affected.In fact, cause the interrelated function of thunder signal really to have a plurality of peak values or there is no the situation of obvious peak value, its consequence causing is easily to introduce larger positioning error.In addition, the thunder sensor array adopting in related positioning system in above-mentioned disclosed technology is built and is formed by four sensors, and only have in vertical direction a sensor and be in the horizontal direction dissymmetrical structure, applicant thinks, this will cause the detection efficiency of this thunder sensor array and positioning precision not high enough.
Many sound transducer thunder and lightning orientators of Chinese invention patent document < < and the localization method > > (patent No.: CN200910310395.4) disclosed technology contents is thereof, utilize four microphone sensor to obtain thunder time of arrival (toa), calculate thus the step-out time between thunder signal, then according to Hyperbola Determinate Method, obtain the occurrence positions of thunder sound source.Applicant is by studying and test discovery, there are the following problems for the technical scheme that many sound transducer thunder and lightning orientators of < < and localization method > > thereof propose: first, thunder signal is propagated and is subject to many interference in air, its a plurality of sound transducer thunder and lightning orientators (system) that adopt only have (four) microphone sensor few in number, utilizing four microphone sensor to obtain Si road thunder signal positions, its structure is too simple, this will cause positioning precision not high, secondly, many sound transducer thunder and lightning orientators of < < and the localization method > > thereof (patent No.: technical scheme CN200910310395.4) proposing does not provide obtains the concrete grammar of the step-out time between thunder signal accurately.Because actual thunder signal is complicated continuously low frequency signal, is not only just can directly obtain the step-out time of actual thunder signal time of arrival by original signal.Therefore, many sound transducer thunder and lightning orientators of < < and the localization method > > (patent No.: CN200910310395.4) disclosed technology will be met the problem that some are difficult to overcome in practice thereof.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is, the deficiency existing for above-mentioned prior art, improve, overcome simultaneously by various factors disturb and different thunder sound-source signal between phase mutual interference and the difficulty obtained of thunder time-domain signal mistiming of causing, the problem of the larger positioning error of easy introducing that also will solve the phase mutual interference between various factors interference and different thunder sound-source signal and cause, proposes and studies a kind of thunder positioning system.
Technical solution of the present utility model is: comprise sniffer, data acquisition module and data processing module, it is characterized in that, sniffer and data acquisition module connect, data acquisition module and data processing module connect, data acquisition module is used for the signal of Real-time Collection detection, and the signal gathering is carried out to pre-service; Data processing module is for realizing the post-processed of data, and data processing module is for the calculating of thunder location algorithm; Sniffer adopts microphone array, microphone array adopts 19 yuan of cross battle array microphone arrays, 19 yuan of cross battle array microphone arrays have adopted nineteen microphone and a three-dimensional cross-shaped solid array, nineteen microphone is contained on three-dimensional cross-shaped solid array, and three-dimensional cross-shaped solid array is comprised of cross horizontal axis and yi word pattern vertical coordinate axle.
It is characterized in that, the nineteen microphone being arranged on three-dimensional cross-shaped solid array distributes with unequal-interval.
It is characterized in that, in three-dimensional cross-shaped solid array, 12 microphone symmetries are installed in cross horizontal axis, every three microphones are arranged on respectively take in cross horizontal axis on the axis of orientation that central point (being initial point) is starting point, and the distance that is arranged on the central point of the cross horizontal axis of each microphone distance on same axis of orientation is unequal, and seven microphones are in addition also that the spacing not wait is installed on yi word pattern vertical coordinate axle.
It is characterized in that: in the nineteen microphone that 19 yuan of cross battle array microphone arrays list, have a microphone to adopt Electret Condencer Microphone, this Electret Condencer Microphone is arranged on yi word pattern vertical coordinate axial region, the response frequency of Electret Condencer Microphone is 15Hz-20KHz, Electret Condencer Microphone can be surveyed thunder signal and lightning electromagnetic signal simultaneously, remaining 18 microphone adopts electret free field microphone, the response frequency of electret free field microphone is 10Hz-5kHz, and electret free field microphone is used for surveying thunder signal.
It is characterized in that, the length of the axis of orientation of the cross horizontal axis of 19 yuan of cross battle array microphone arrays is 2.1m, is arranged on microphone difference distance center point (being initial point) 0.25m, 0.5m, 1m on same axis of orientation; The height of yi word pattern vertical coordinate axle is 2.086m.
It is characterized in that, data acquisition module gathers Shi Jiu road original signal altogether, wherein, Shi Ba road original signal only comprises thunder signal, data acquisition module amplifies it, analog to digital conversion, the series of preprocessing of smoothing processing and low-pass filtering treatment, thunder signal after output is processed is to data processing module, another road signal comprises thunder signal and lightning electromagnetic signal simultaneously, data acquisition module amplifies it, analog to digital conversion, the series of preprocessing that smoothing processing and high-pass filtering are processed, lightning electromagnetic signal after output is processed is to data processing module, by data processing module, pretreated signal is positioned to analyze and obtain final positioning result.
The utlity model has following characteristics and beneficial effect: adopted 19 yuan of cross battle array microphone arrays, these 19 yuan of cross battle array microphone arrays have increased a plurality of microphones in vertical direction, thereby greatly improved detection efficiency of the present utility model, simultaneously, formed the formation of all directions balances, because microphone unequal-interval distributes, improved whole positioning precision of the present utility model.By the utility model, can obtain thunder and lightning occurrence positions and passage Spatio-temporal Evolution process.This real new design is reasonable, simple in structure, sets up conveniently, has reduced to a great extent cost and the complexity of sniffer, is specially adapted to the lightning monitoring among a small circle of key area.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1, basic structure block scheme of the present utility model.
The structural drawing of 19 yuan of cross battle array microphone arrays that Fig. 2, the utility model adopt.
In figure, 1, sniffer; 2, data acquisition module; 3, data processing module; 4,19 yuan of cross battle array microphone arrays.
Embodiment
Below, by reference to the accompanying drawings, embodiment of the present utility model is elaborated.
The utility model comprises three large ingredients as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2: sniffer 1, data acquisition module 2 and data processing module 3.Wherein, sniffer 1 connects with data acquisition module 2, and data acquisition module 2 connects with data processing module 3, and sniffer 1 adopts microphone array.Sniffer 1 consists of microphone array, and microphone array adopts 19 yuan of cross battle array microphone arrays 4.19 yuan of cross battle array microphone arrays 4 adopt nineteen microphone and a three-dimensional cross-shaped solid array to form, nineteen microphone is contained on three-dimensional cross-shaped solid array, and the nineteen microphone being arranged on three-dimensional cross-shaped solid array distributes with unequal-interval.
Nineteen microphone comprises 18 identical electret free field microphones and a condenser microphone, and the response frequency of electret free field microphone is preferably 10Hz-5KHz, for surveying thunder signal; Condenser microphone adopts Electret Condencer Microphone.The response frequency of Electret Condencer Microphone is preferably 15Hz-20KHz, can survey thunder signal and lightning electromagnetic signal simultaneously.
The three-dimensional cross-shaped solid array that forms 19 yuan of cross battle array microphone arrays 4 has adopted steel support, and nineteen microphone is arranged on steel support, and the position that its installation distributes as shown in Figure 2.This steel support is made the shape of space cross coordinate system, and space cross coordinate system is comprised of cross horizontal axis and yi word pattern vertical coordinate axle.Wherein, the four direction axle in horizontal direction is separately installed with 3 microphones, settles altogether 7 microphones in vertical direction.The microphone being positioned on same axis of orientation distributes with unequal-interval.The length of the axis of orientation of the cross horizontal axis of 19 yuan of cross battle array microphone arrays 4 is 2.1m, is arranged on microphone difference distance center point (being initial point) 0.25m, 0.5m, 1m on same axis of orientation; The height of yi word pattern vertical coordinate axle is 2.086m.Its detailed volume coordinate is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 microphone volume coordinate information
| X 1=[0.25, 0, 0] | X 2=[0.5, 0, 0] | X 3=[1, 0, 0] | X 4=[0, -0.25, 0] |
| X 5=[0, -0.5, 0] | X 6=[0, 1, 0] | X 7=[-0.25, 0, 0] | X 8=[-0.5, 0, 0] |
| X 9=[-1, 0, 0] | X 10=[0, 0.25, 0] | X 11=[0, 0.5, 0] | X 12=[0, 1, 0] |
| X 13=[0,-0.0625,0.354] | X 14=[0,-0.0625,0.554] | X 15=[0,-0.0625,0.754] | X 16=[0,-0.0625,0.954] |
| X 17=[0,-0.0625,1.104] | X 18=[0,-0.0625,-0.196] | X 19=[0,-0.0625,-0.446] | ? |
It should be noted that Electret Condencer Microphone is arranged on the top of yi word pattern vertical coordinate axle.
The course of work of the present utility model and principle of work are, adopt sniffer 1 to survey thunder signal and lightning electromagnetic signal, to surveying the thunder signal and the lightning electromagnetic signal that obtain, process, adopt the calculating of thunder location algorithm, the position occurring to obtain thunder and lightning, thunder location algorithm has adopted frequency-domain beamforming algorithm, sniffer 1 has adopted 19 yuan of cross battle array microphone arrays 4, by 19 yuan of cross battle array microphone arrays 4, survey thunder signal and lightning electromagnetic signal, 19 yuan of cross battle array microphone arrays 4 are surveyed to the thunder signal and the lightning electromagnetic signal that obtain and send into data acquisition module 2, sending into thunder signal and the lightning electromagnetic signal of 19 yuan of cross battle array microphone arrays, the 4 detection acquisitions in data acquisition module 2 processes by data processing module 3, thunder signal Electret Condencer Microphone on horizontal axis and vertical coordinate axle being obtained by frequency-domain beamforming algorithm carries out step-by-step processing, determine respectively position angle and the angle of pitch of thunder signal, the mistiming arriving in conjunction with acoustic-electric again, determine the distance of thunder sound source, thereby only can realize and obtain accurate thunder and lightning occurrence positions and passage three-dimensional localization result by single the utility model.
The utility model adopts 19 yuan of cross battle array microphone arrays 4 for gathering thunder signal and the lightning electromagnetic signal that in nearby region, thunder and lightning event produces, and is transported to data acquisition module 2 by connecting line; Data acquisition module 2 is for gathering and pre-service 19 yuan of cross battle array microphone array 4 received signals.19 yuan of cross battle array microphone array 4 received signals comprise thunder signal and lightning electromagnetic signal.For thunder signal, data acquisition module 2 to its amplify, the series of preprocessing of analog to digital conversion, smoothing processing and low-pass filtering treatment, the thunder signal after output is processed; For lightning electromagnetic signal, data acquisition module 2 is also to the series of preprocessing that it amplifies, analog to digital conversion, smoothing processing and high-pass filtering are processed, then the lightning electromagnetic signal of output after processing.Thunder signal after treatment and the data of lightning electromagnetic signal are sent into data processing module 3.Data processing module 3 is mainly realized the post-processed of data and for the calculating of thunder location algorithm.
Be more than preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the utility model is not limited to this embodiment and the disclosed content of accompanying drawing.Every do not depart from that the utility model proposes technical solution under the equivalence or the modification that complete, all fall into the scope of the utility model protection.
Claims (5)
1. a thunder positioning system, comprise sniffer, data acquisition module and data processing module, it is characterized in that, sniffer (1) connects with data acquisition module (2), data acquisition module (2) connects with data processing module (3), the signal that data acquisition module (2) is surveyed for Real-time Collection sniffer (1), and the signal gathering is carried out to pre-service; Data processing module (3) is for realizing the post-processed of data, and data processing module (3) is for the calculating of thunder location algorithm; Sniffer (1) adopts microphone array, microphone array adopts 19 yuan of cross battle array microphone arrays (4), 19 yuan of cross battle array microphone arrays (4) have adopted nineteen microphone and a three-dimensional cross-shaped solid array, nineteen microphone is contained on three-dimensional cross-shaped solid array, and three-dimensional cross-shaped solid array is comprised of cross horizontal axis and yi word pattern vertical coordinate axle.
2. a kind of thunder positioning system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the nineteen microphone being arranged on three-dimensional cross-shaped solid array distributes with unequal-interval.
3. a kind of thunder positioning system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, in three-dimensional cross-shaped solid array, 12 microphone symmetries are installed in cross horizontal axis, every three microphones are arranged on respectively that in cross horizontal axis, to take central point be on the initial point axis of orientation that is starting point, and the central point that is arranged on the cross horizontal axis of each microphone distance on same axis of orientation is that the distance of initial point is unequal, and seven microphones are in addition also that the spacing not wait is installed on yi word pattern vertical coordinate axle.
4. according to a kind of thunder positioning system described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, in nineteen microphone on 19 yuan of cross battle array microphone arrays (4), there is a microphone to adopt Electret Condencer Microphone, this Electret Condencer Microphone is arranged on yi word pattern vertical coordinate axial region, the response frequency of Electret Condencer Microphone is 15Hz-20KHz, Electret Condencer Microphone can be surveyed thunder signal and lightning electromagnetic signal simultaneously, remaining 18 microphone adopts electret free field microphone, the response frequency of electret free field microphone is 10Hz-5kHz, electret free field microphone is used for surveying thunder signal.
5. a kind of thunder positioning system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the length of the axis of orientation of the cross horizontal axis of 19 yuan of cross battle array microphone arrays (4) is 2.1m, be arranged on microphone on same axis of orientation respectively distance center point be initial point 0.25m, 0.5m, 1m; The height of yi word pattern vertical coordinate axle is 2.086m.
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| CN201320846510.1U CN203858358U (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2013-12-20 | Thunder positioning system |
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| CN201320846510.1U CN203858358U (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2013-12-20 | Thunder positioning system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103792513A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-05-14 | 国家电网公司 | Thunder positioning system and method |
| CN113421457A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-21 | 北部湾大学 | Thunder detection and positioning method based on mobile phone |
| CN114675233A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-06-28 | 西北工业大学太仓长三角研究院 | Acoustic emission source positioning method based on enhanced guided wave phased array technology |
-
2013
- 2013-12-20 CN CN201320846510.1U patent/CN203858358U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103792513A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-05-14 | 国家电网公司 | Thunder positioning system and method |
| CN103792513B (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2016-05-04 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of thunder navigation system and method |
| CN113421457A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-21 | 北部湾大学 | Thunder detection and positioning method based on mobile phone |
| CN114675233A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-06-28 | 西北工业大学太仓长三角研究院 | Acoustic emission source positioning method based on enhanced guided wave phased array technology |
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