CN203640727U - Transient electromagnetic well-logging instrument - Google Patents
Transient electromagnetic well-logging instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN203640727U CN203640727U CN201320663577.1U CN201320663577U CN203640727U CN 203640727 U CN203640727 U CN 203640727U CN 201320663577 U CN201320663577 U CN 201320663577U CN 203640727 U CN203640727 U CN 203640727U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a transient electromagnetic well-logging instrument. The transient electromagnetic well-logging instrument comprises a shell, a circuit module and an electromagnetic probe system, wherein the circuit module is arranged in the shell; the electromagnetic probe system is connected with the circuit module; the circuit module comprises a direct-current power supply circuit formed by sequentially connecting a power voltage stabilizing module, a PWM module, a high-power isolating transformer group and a power conversion module through a direct-current power supply and a main control circuit which takes a digital signal processor as a core and is provided with a communication bus, a power bus, a control bus and a data bus at the periphery thereof; the electromagnetic probe system comprises a transmitting coil with a magnetic core and a plurality of receiving coils. The instrument detects casing damage and effectively measures the formation resistivity of an open-hole well and a cased well in a non-contact mode. High-power transient excitation is realized by arranging internal iron cores in the coils, the excitation intensity of a transient electromagnetic field is improved, and the formation resistivity is finally obtained by performing necessary graduation and treatment on measured original signals.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of transient electromagnetic logger, the instrumentation technical field that in the construction of genus oil well logging, sleeve pipe quality examination, open hole well and the cased hole formation resistivity of open hole well and cased well are measured, particularly one effectively detects and can effectively measure open hole well, cased hole formation resistivity parameter casing damage.
Background technology
In the process of petroleum exploration & development, be the important parameter of evaluating oil saturation to the measurement of formation resistivity.Particularly in the resistivity on sleeve pipe borehole measurement stratum, significant to the distribution of understanding remaining oil.In the prior art, the detection of casing damage adopts magnetic flux measuring method, open hole electric resistivity well logging have two inductions, array induction and bilateral to etc. method, TCR adopts DC electrode method.The method need to push against casing wall by electrode, and requiring must have good contacting between electrode and casing wall, therefore before well logging, require well-flushing and with drift size gauge tool the pipe cleaning that carries out to internal surface of sleeve pipe, ensure good contacting between electrode and casing wall.Therefore logging quality is subject to the impact of the factors such as the condition of sleeve pipe larger.In addition, the electric current that transmitting probe excites arrives internal surface of sleeve pipe by electrode contact, and the electric current of launching is smaller, and in these measuring-signals, the amplitude of useful signal is very low, and signal to noise ratio is lower.
For a long time, induction logging be taking time humorous as basis, adopt steady-state sine ripple (humorous change) electromagnetic field exciting to carry out the measurement of electrical conductivity, from common induction, two induction, array induction to Russian high-frequency induction, its frequency exciting is increased to 2MHz from 20kHz, is unifrequency or discrete frequency.When the sinusoidal signal of transmitting runs into sleeve pipe, due to kelvin effect, sine wave and the electromagnetic wave signal of induction logging and the transmitting of electromagnetic wave logging instrument cannot enter stratum through sleeve pipe at all.For this reason, conventional induction well logging method is only applicable to open-hole logging.
Transient electromagnetic log measurement, as a brand-new oil reservoir logging measuring method, is applicable to open hole well and cased hole logging field.Transient electromagnetic logging method belongs to electromagnetic induction phenomenon in essence, excitaton source adopts transient state mode of excitation, and excitation waveform adopts multiple periodic pulse train, as square wave, half-sine wave, trapezoidal wave etc., tranmitting frequency is very low, and scope is between (0.01～1000) Hz.Carrying out casing log need to provide powerful transmitting, and requires transmitting coil to possess the impact of heavy current, and transmitting coil winding process will be selected suitable magnetic material and thicker wire.The feature of transient field is that measuring coil is measured secondary field signal purely, only observes useful signal.Garbage signal closes to have no progeny at the emission current of transmitting coil and does not exist, make coil winding process not consider focus coil system and bucking coil system, it is simple that the winding method of transmitting coil and receiving coil is compared induction logging, and each receiving coil forms single twin coil with transmitting coil and is.But, adopt transition to excite while carrying out casing log, the signal amplitude of receiving coil is very little, generally receiving volt level, receive signal (millivolt level) than induction logging coil and want little 6 orders of magnitude, for this reason, the magnetic material of receiving coil select and winding method on a great difference that has of induction instrument aratus.
Transient electromagnetic well logging transmitted waveform adopts bipolarity waveform, and when transmitting, loading on transmitting coil two ends is direct currents.The stability of the quality influence transmitted waveform of emission power, in order to obtain reversed polarity transmitted waveform, need to configure high-power break-make device, drive circuit, control circuit etc.For reducing the transmitting coil turn-off time, to having relatively high expectations of high-power break-make device, drive circuit, control circuit., still need one group of receiving coil.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for the well logging condition harshness existing in above-mentioned prior art, measurement result is subject to measuring condition to affect the problems such as large, proposes a kind of complex hole condition that adapts to, and improves the transient electromagnetic logger of the demands such as well logging resolution ratio, investigation depth.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that this instrument adopts is:
A kind of transient electromagnetic logger, comprise shell and circuit module in the enclosure and natural gamma probe, electromagnetic probe and the temperature pick up being connected with circuit module are set, wherein: described circuit module is made up of DC power-supply circuit and governor circuit; DC power-supply circuit connects successively power regulator module, PWM modulation module, high-power isolating transformer group and power transfer module by dc source and forms; Governor circuit is taking digital signal processor as core, be arranged with communication bus, power bus, control bus and data/address bus outward, wherein, communication bus is by communication modulation module and communication isolating transformer access dc source, control bus is connected with forward and reverse emission control module, data/address bus and AD modular converter and receive signal and amplify processing module and is connected, power bus by power transfer module draw rear respectively with digital signal processor, forward and reverse emission control module, AD modular converter, receive signal amplification processing module and be connected; By one, the transmitting coil with magnetic core and multiple receiving coil form described electromagnetic probe, and wherein transmitting coil is connected with forward and reverse emission control module, receiving coil with receive signal and amplify processing module and be connected.
Such scheme also comprises:
Described transmitting coil is low frequency, powerful transmitting coil, the receiving coil that described receiving coil is detectable atomic weak signal; Receiving coil is equidistantly arranged in a side of transmitting coil, and transmitting coil and receiving coil array are assembled together coaxially; The forward and reverse emission control module being connected with transmitting coil adopts high-power transition excitation power source, and the reception signal being connected with receiving coil amplifies processing module and comprises that amplitude is amplified, power amplifier; Described high-power transition excitation power source comprises the high-power break-make device, drive circuit and the control circuit that connect successively.
The inner transmitting coil of placing low frequency iron core formation low frequency high efficiency of described transmitting coil; In described each receiving coil, all place low frequency iron core, on the coil rack of iron core outside by forward, reverse two groups of coils series connection coiling.Transmit and receive coil and be short cylindrical shape, in receiving coil, establish preamplifier.
Such scheme further comprises:
Natural gamma probe and temperature pick up, described data/address bus at least also comprises two branch roads, one branch road is connected to temperature pick up by temperature sensing module, two branch roads are connected to natural gamma probe by gamma detection module, and power bus is also connected with gamma detection module, temperature sensing module respectively after being drawn by power transfer module.
Described tool housing adopts stainless steel metal shell, and on shell upper and lower end connects respectively centralizer and lower centralizer.
On upper centralizer, be also provided with cable connector, described circuit module is connected with cable connector by armored cable.
Transient electromagnetic logger is also connected with ground system and host computer by armored cable.
Principle of the present invention is: adopt high-power non-contact measurement method, according to electromagnetic induction principle, in well, place high-power excitation variable winding, excite transient electromagnetic field (primary field) with the sudden change of large electric current, the low frequency part of these transient electromagnetic fields can effectively enter stratum through sleeve pipe, in stratum, inspire secondary induced electromotive force (secondary field), this secondary induced electromotive force is relevant with the electrical conductivity on stratum, this secondary induced electromotive force can enter receiving coil through sleeve pipe effectively again, obtains the resistivity on stratum by measuring secondary induced electromotive force.For cased hole logging demand, low frequency is easily through sleeve pipe, and still, the secondary induced electromotive force amplitude of low frequency is very little, need to carry out tiny signal measurement.Sleeve pipe is metal, and the spread speed of its low frequency is very slow, after being therefore positioned at primary field signal containing the secondary field signal of formation resistivity information.Can make to receive primary field in signal by adjustment excitation waveform shape effectively separates with secondary field.
Electromagnetic probe of the present invention selects the high short cylindrical iron core of low frequency efficiency to make kernel, and its outside puts bobbin, is wound around enamel-covered wire and makes transmitting coil and receiving coil on skeleton, and they are co-axially mounted on and form together transient electromagnetic probe.For ensureing launching effect, transmitting coil adopts high-power transition excitation power source, and wherein control circuit produces the excitation waveform having designed, and this excitation waveform, by the break-make of drive circuit control high power device, makes transmitting coil produce strong transient electromagnetic field; Receiving coil in coaxial receiving array receives electromagnetic induction signal, and the preamplifier that this signal is connected on receiving coil is amplified into reception signal amplification processing module and A/D conversion.Preamplifier also can be fitted together with receiving coil, forms a part for transient electromagnetic probe.
The course of work of the present invention is: transmitting coil and receiving coil array are placed in open hole well and cased well, and its axle center is consistent with borehole axis; Receiving coil leaves transmitting coil and equidistantly arranges along borehole axis direction.Control circuit generates the excitation waveform needing, these waveforms are through the Push And Release of the high-power break-make device of overdrive circuit control, in the open and close moment of large electric current, in transmitting coil, produce very strong axial symmetry transient magnetic field, this magnetic fields produces more intense transient electromagnetic induction after in coil on the magnetic core of portion.Well is open hole well situation, and this transient electromagnetic induction produces transient electromagnetic field in well, stratum; Well is cased well situation, and this transient electromagnetic induction produces transient electromagnetic field in well, sleeve pipe, cement sheath, stratum.This transient magnetic field induces larger electromotive force in receiving coil, relevant with the magnetic conductivity of various media in well, and its Amplitude Ratio is larger, can detect for sleeve pipe loss.But the amplitude of the induced signal relevant with formation conductivity is smaller, need to carry out the measurement of tiny signal, and the processing method of measuring-signal is set on the basis of scale, obtain the resistivity on stratum.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: utilize electromagnetic induction principle, realized effective measurement of casing damage detection, open hole well and cased hole formation resistivity with cordless.Realize high-power transition by coil and iron core and excite, improved the excitation intensity of transient electromagnetic field; Emission current is implemented by positive and negative step combination, and the low frequency electromagnetic field exciting can enter stratum through sleeve pipe effectively, and the resistivity signal on stratum is separated with primary field in time-domain, can process separately, obtains the resistivity on stratum.This scheme all can be implemented in open hole well and cased well.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of instrument example structure simplified schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the schematic block circuit diagram of a kind of instrument embodiment;
Fig. 3 is a kind of connection diagram of electromagnetic probe system embodiment;
In figure: 1-cable connector 2-upper centralizer 3-stainless steel casing 4-natural gamma probe, 5-circuit module, 6-electromagnetic probe system, 7-temperature sensing module, 8-temperature pick up, 9-lower centralizer 11-transmitting coil, 12-receiving coil array, 13-high-power transition excitation power source 14-high-power break-make device, 15-drive circuit downhole instrument, 16-control circuit.
Detailed description of the invention
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of electromagnetic induction method through casing resistivity logging instrument, comprises cable connector 1, upper centralizer 2, stainless steel casing 3, lower centralizer 9 etc.There are circuit module 5, natural gamma probe 4, electromagnetic probe system 6, well temperature module 7 etc. in stainless steel casing 3 inside.Circuit module 5 is systems of the composition taking digital signal processor (CPU) as core.Well temperature module 7 is connected with well temperature sensor 8.
Referring to Fig. 2, the circuit of instrument is realized and being made up of different functional modules, respectively: the reception signal transmitting of forward and reverse emission control of power supply voltage stabilizing, PWM modulation, power supply conversion, transmitting coil, communication modulation, receiving coil is processed, passage collection and AD conversion, gamma detection module, temperature sensing module, digital signal processor (CPU) form.Electromagnetic probe system is made up of transmitting coil and receiving coil.
Dc source adopts 170V power supply, the double communication bus that does of power line, and first circuit module requires power supply voltage stabilizing, can absorb the switching noise in bus.And the control of down-hole and testing circuit needs+5V and ± working power of 12V, this step needs DC/DC change-over circuit to realize.Implementation procedure is: adopt PWM modulation function, control circuit produces certain high frequency pulse width signal, controls the alternate conduction of CMOS pipe, thereby obtain high-frequency ac voltage after amplifying circuit drives; The alternating voltage of high frequency transforms to the high frequency low voltage AC power of different magnitudes of voltage through high-power transformer group, obtain dc source by ac-dc conversion, obtains the power supply of different magnitudes of voltage, for instrument internal circuit after voltage stabilizing; Internal circuit and device have the circuit of digital signal processor (CPU), AD chip, analog switch chip, countdown circuit, reception signal processing circuit, natural gamma circuit, temperature pick up etc.
Forward and reverse countdown circuit adopts strict interlocking logic, prevents the direct conducting of both positive and negative polarity of power supply, also must realize the transmitting of forward and reverse electric current of coil.Digital information processor (CPU) is by drive circuit control emission current, and current load, to the two ends of probe transmitting coil, carries out powerful signal transmitting.
Transmitting while closing of transmitting electromagnetic coil, emission current stops, and the receiving coil of electromagnetic probe starts to receive the induced electromotive force that secondary magnetic field causes.The signal of receiving coil is amplified to processing, and digital information processor (CPU) control simulation switch gathers, and after AD conversion, survey data is read in internal data memory.
Digital information processor (CPU) is also responsible for natural gamma, temperature pick up carries out signals collecting, and signal is stored in the internal data memory that amplification, filtering, analog switch switch, AD enters processor after changing.
Digital information processor (CPU) is encoded the test data of internal data memory, after communication modulating circuit modulates, is coupled to direct current supply line and sends to ground system.
Referring to Fig. 3, a kind of electromagnetic probe system of transient electromagnetic logger forms transient electromagnetic well-logging probe by the transmitting coil 11 of ribbon core and the receiving coil 12 of a series of ribbon cores.High-power transition excitation power source 13 in transmitting coil 1 connecting downhole circuit in probe, has high-power break-make device 14, drive circuit 15 and control circuit 16 in high-power transition excitation power source 13.Control circuit 16 produces the step sudden change Waveform Control drive circuit 5 of alternate positive and negative, the break-make of large electric current or voltage controlled high-power break-make device 4 and produces in the major loop at coil place by drive circuit 5, in break-make moment, on coil, there are the unexpected conducting of large electric current and disconnection, in well, inspire very strong transient electromagnetic field, this transient electromagnetic field enters stratum through sleeve pipe, induces to enter received coil in well by sleeve pipe again after secondary field and receive in stratum.
The secondary field amplitude of reflection formation information useful signal is very little, needs to install preamplifier and receive signal to amplify processing module in each receiving coil.Preamplifier with high fidelity amplifies faint primary signal, receives signal amplification processing module and carries out further amplitude amplification and power amplification, and gather to A/D chip.Process the method for original waveform by means of scale Waveform Design, finally obtain the resistivity on stratum.Because the response difference of open hole well and cased well is larger, the shape of excitation waveform needs design separately, and correspondingly, the processing method of original measurement signal is also different.
In above-described embodiment, also comprise host computer, ground system.Host computer is connected by data cable with ground system, and ground system is connected by armored cable with downhole instrument.
Most of production logging instruments are all to use single-core cable, what the instrument of the present embodiment adopted is also single core armored cable, this cable is the electricity cable of downhole instrument, also be the communication cable on downhole instrument and ground simultaneously, in the process that realizes transmission and power, the cable core of armored cable and cable skin are simultaneously as transmission medium.
In the present embodiment, utilize the amplitude that gathers induced electromotive force as initial data, after host computer computing, obtain the numerical value of formation resistivity.Test process, instrument does not need hydraulic system, and test process instrument moves more for convenience, and information recording mode can recording occurring continuously.Carry out post-processed by the software weaving on computer, the resistivity value Data convert to different depth.
The present embodiment is structurally divided into and in function, is divided into three parts: gamma detection, electromagnetic surveying, temperature sensing.It is dark that gamma detection is used for school; Electromagnetic surveying is used for surveying the formation resistivity information outside sleeve pipe; Temperature sensing is used for monitoring in real time well temperature, records the temperature of borehole fluid.
On the basis of above-described embodiment 1, reduce after gamma detection and temperature sensing two parts, still can well realize the purpose of this utility model by electromagnetic surveying merely, just function reduces.
The operating procedure of instrument is:
(1) host computer power supply-ground system power supply-downhole instrument power supply;
(2) continuous acquisition gamma, well temperature data;
(3) transmitting coil, for DC pulse current, generates an electromagnetic field, and in tube wall and stratum, forms induced-current, and after power-off, probe receives induced electromotive force;
(4) downhole instrument in real time and ground system communicate, ground system is communicated by letter with host computer in real time;
(5) after having logged well, lay down downhole instrument, disconnect instrument power source.Downhole instrument is rinsed well, put into protection box.
Claims (7)
1. a transient electromagnetic logger, comprises shell and circuit module in the enclosure and the electromagnetic probe system being connected with circuit module is set, and it is characterized in that: described circuit module is made up of DC power-supply circuit and governor circuit; DC power-supply circuit connects successively power regulator module, PWM modulation module, high-power isolating transformer group and power transfer module by dc source and forms; Governor circuit is taking digital signal processor as core, be arranged with communication bus, power bus, control bus and data/address bus outward, wherein, communication bus is by communication modulation module and communication isolating transformer access dc source, control bus is connected with forward and reverse emission control module, data/address bus and AD modular converter and receive signal and amplify processing module and is connected, power bus by power transfer module draw rear respectively with digital signal processor, forward and reverse emission control module, AD modular converter, receive signal amplification processing module and be connected; By one, the transmitting coil with magnetic core and multiple receiving coil form described electromagnetic probe, and wherein transmitting coil is connected with forward and reverse emission control module, receiving coil with receive signal and amplify processing module and be connected.
2. transient electromagnetic logger according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described transmitting coil is low frequency, powerful transmitting coil, the receiving coil that described receiving coil is detectable atomic weak signal; Receiving coil is equidistantly arranged in a side of transmitting coil, and transmitting coil and receiving coil array are assembled together coaxially; The forward and reverse emission control module being connected with transmitting coil adopts high-power transition excitation power source, and the reception signal being connected with receiving coil amplifies processing module and comprises that amplitude is amplified, power amplifier; Described high-power transition excitation power source comprises the high-power break-make device, drive circuit and the control circuit that connect successively.
3. transient electromagnetic logger according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the inner transmitting coil of placing low frequency iron core formation low frequency high efficiency of described transmitting coil; In described each receiving coil, all place low frequency iron core, on the coil rack of iron core outside by forward, reverse two groups of coils series connection coiling; Transmit and receive coil and be short cylindrical shape, in receiving coil, establish preamplifier.
4. transient electromagnetic logger according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: also comprise natural gamma probe and temperature pick up, described data/address bus at least also comprises two branch roads, one branch road is connected to temperature pick up by temperature sensing module, two branch roads are connected to natural gamma probe by gamma detection module, and power bus is also connected with gamma detection module, temperature sensing module respectively after being drawn by power transfer module.
5. transient electromagnetic logger according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described tool housing adopts stainless steel metal shell, and on shell upper and lower end connects respectively centralizer and lower centralizer.
6. transient electromagnetic logger according to claim 5, is characterized in that: on upper centralizer, be also provided with cable connector, described circuit module is connected with cable connector by armored cable.
7. transient electromagnetic logger according to claim 6, is characterized in that also comprising: ground system and host computer, wherein ground system is connected with transient electromagnetic logger by armored cable.
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| CN201320663577.1U CN203640727U (en) | 2013-10-27 | 2013-10-27 | Transient electromagnetic well-logging instrument |
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| CN201320663577.1U CN203640727U (en) | 2013-10-27 | 2013-10-27 | Transient electromagnetic well-logging instrument |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103603650A (en) * | 2013-10-27 | 2014-02-26 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Transient electromagnetic logging instrument |
| CN106368692A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-01 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七八研究所 | Natural gamma-ray spectroscopy logger with high voltage prevented from fluctuating due to influence of magnetic field |
| CN106661939A (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2017-05-10 | 沙特阿拉伯石油公司 | Electromagnetic time-lapse remote sensing of reservoir conditions |
| CN107843934A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-03-27 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | A kind of transient electromagnetic logging instrument magnetic probe |
| CN110984969A (en) * | 2019-12-21 | 2020-04-10 | 中国电波传播研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所） | Single-core cable transmission device with high reliability and self-adaptive rate adjustment and data transmission method thereof |
| CN111734404A (en) * | 2019-03-24 | 2020-10-02 | 天津大学青岛海洋技术研究院 | Transient electromagnetic array induction logging model and response solution thereof |
| CN112012725A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2020-12-01 | 天津大学青岛海洋技术研究院 | Transient electromagnetic shallow layer full wave exploration high-resolution instrument |
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2013
- 2013-10-27 CN CN201320663577.1U patent/CN203640727U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103603650A (en) * | 2013-10-27 | 2014-02-26 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Transient electromagnetic logging instrument |
| CN106661939A (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2017-05-10 | 沙特阿拉伯石油公司 | Electromagnetic time-lapse remote sensing of reservoir conditions |
| CN106661939B (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2019-11-12 | 沙特阿拉伯石油公司 | Electromagnetism delay remote sensing to reservoir situation |
| CN106368692A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-01 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七八研究所 | Natural gamma-ray spectroscopy logger with high voltage prevented from fluctuating due to influence of magnetic field |
| CN107843934A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-03-27 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | A kind of transient electromagnetic logging instrument magnetic probe |
| CN111734404A (en) * | 2019-03-24 | 2020-10-02 | 天津大学青岛海洋技术研究院 | Transient electromagnetic array induction logging model and response solution thereof |
| CN111734404B (en) * | 2019-03-24 | 2023-09-05 | 天津大学青岛海洋技术研究院 | Transient electromagnetic array induction logging model and response solution thereof |
| CN112012725A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2020-12-01 | 天津大学青岛海洋技术研究院 | Transient electromagnetic shallow layer full wave exploration high-resolution instrument |
| CN112012725B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2024-03-01 | 天津大学青岛海洋技术研究院 | Transient electromagnetic shallow full-wave exploration high-resolution instrument |
| CN110984969A (en) * | 2019-12-21 | 2020-04-10 | 中国电波传播研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所） | Single-core cable transmission device with high reliability and self-adaptive rate adjustment and data transmission method thereof |
| CN110984969B (en) * | 2019-12-21 | 2023-11-28 | 中国电波传播研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所） | High-reliability self-adaptive rate-adjusting single-core cable transmission device and data transmission method thereof |
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