CN104612671A - Array induction coil system for measuring vertical formation conductivity - Google Patents
Array induction coil system for measuring vertical formation conductivity Download PDFInfo
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- CN104612671A CN104612671A CN201410850500.4A CN201410850500A CN104612671A CN 104612671 A CN104612671 A CN 104612671A CN 201410850500 A CN201410850500 A CN 201410850500A CN 104612671 A CN104612671 A CN 104612671A
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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Abstract
The invention relates to a coil system for measuring vertical formation conductivity. The coil system is structurally composed of sub arrays wound on a non-conductive framework. Each sub array set is composed of two transmitting coils and one receiving coil. The normal direction of the coils coincides with or is parallel to the x-axis or the y-axis. The winding direction of every two transmitting coils is the same, sinusoidal variation current sources are applied on the transmitting coils respectively, and meanwhile alternating electromagnetic signals are sent to formation media surrounding a well hole. The receiving coils with the same winding direction are arranged at the position certain distance away from the transmitting coils to receive induction signals from the formation, and the position of the transmitting coils and the position of the receiving coils are obtained according to the duality principle of a conventional three-component induction logging instrument. The turns of the main transmitting coils and the secondary transmitting coils can be adjusted through the current applied on every two transmitting coils according to the focus degree of the received signals. A transmitting circuit controls the process that the alternating electromagnetic signals are provided for the coil system in a time-share mode, the purpose that different sub arrays measure the received voltage and obtain the formation information, and the formation features are further researched to search for oil gas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Geophysical Logging field, particularly a kind of array induction coil array measuring vertical direction formation conductivity.
Background technology
Bake-Atlas company 2000 takes the lead in releasing multicomponent induction logging tool device, is called 3DExplore or 3DEX.The 3-D solid structure that 3DEX uses decentraction to arrange, z-axis coil is parallel to borehole axis, the magnetic-field component H recorded
zz, identical with conventional detection method; X-axis and vertical borehole axis orthogonal with y-axis coil, the magnetic-field component H recorded
xxand H
yy, for calculating vertical conductivity.This instrument adopts 10 frequencies of 20 ~ 200kHz, measures the H of magnetic field tensor
xx, H
yy, H
zz, H
xy, H
xz5 components, use multi-frequency focusing method to reduce wellbore effect, the data after process, can do data processing and explanation by the 1D horizontal layered earth without well and slurry compounding.
Schlumberger releases the multicomponent induction logging tool device of a kind of Rt-Scanner by name for 2004, the three-component structure that the design of its coil array have employed based on array induction, use and be different from the mode that 3DEX eliminates wellbore effect, between coil array, arrange that metal electrode is to suppress the electric current in well, reduce well effect, make the wellbore effect of horizontal magnetic dipole be reduced to the level identical with vertical magnetic dipole.The development of Rt-Scanner is released as explaination thin layer, and anisotropy reservoir or tomography etc. provide important means, and it can provide information and the azimuth of Wells and the information at inclination angle arbitrarily of the gentle vertical resistivity of formation water, in order to constructs for interpretation.Test in simulation well and show, the effect reducing well effect is obviously, but apparatus structure is complicated.Within 2006, Si Lunbeixie formally releases the complete logging instrument equipment of Scanner-Rt.
Domestic, the array induction imaging logging instrument (MIT) that China Petroleum and Gas Corp. produces, has the advantages such as longitudinal frame is high, radial depth of investigetion is large.Adopt single transmitting coil and the combination of multiple receiving coil, utilize software focus method obtain different resolution (0.3,0.6 and 1.2m) and different investigation depth (5 kinds of investigation depths: 0.25,0.50,0.75,1.50 and 2.25m) resistivity curve.
For the development of multicomponent induction logging tool, domesticly to start late, the patent of invention " a kind of method for designing of three-dimensional induction logging instrument coil array " of the people such as China Petroleum and Gas Corp. Chen Taos in 2012, proposes the optimal method of design coil array parameter; Use the method to devise plate three-dimensional inductive coil series, its basic structure is consistent with Scanner-Rt.In the same year, the utility model patent " three axle quadrature coil systems " of the people such as Chinese Petroleum Group Changcheng Drilling Engineering Co., Ltd. Xiao Jiaqi, provides a kind of winding method measuring three axle quadrature coil systems of horizontal and vertical electrical conductivity.2013, China National Offshore Oil Corporation grandson waits the utility model patent " a kind of loop construction of multicomponent induction logging tool " of people on the sunny side, also be on the architecture basics of 21 receipts subarrays of existing three-component induction logging, provide the loop construction that a kind of send-receive coil array can regulate on instrument skeleton.
Above-mentioned all multicomponent induction logging tool devices are all 1 and launch 2 subarray structures received.There is the problems such as serious wellbore effect in this structure: well and slurry compounding are serious and much complicated on the impact affecting comparison vertical magnetic dipole component of horizontal magnetic dipole component log response, when mud conductivity increases, stratum apparent conductivity reduces and occurs negative value, and measured value can not reflect formation information.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the technological deficiency of existing three-component induction logging, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of coil array measuring vertical direction formation conductivity, design structure of coil system and radiating circuit control, the information of layer resistivity galore of measuring well different depth near the eyes, this information can focus on synthesis process by 2D signal, effective elimination well, Kelvin effect and ambient influnence, the formation information of the larger electrical resistivity range needed for Obtaining Accurate user.
In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of coil array measuring vertical direction formation conductivity, its structure of coil system is made up of at least one subarray be wrapped on non-conductive skeleton, each subarray is made up of 2 transmitting coils and 1 receiving coil, 2 transmitting coils are respectively main transmitting coil and secondary transmitting coil, the normal orientation of all coils overlaps with x-axis or parallel, or overlaps with y-axis or parallel; 2 transmitting coil winding directions are identical, and receiving coil is positioned at the side of secondary transmitting coil, and winding direction is consistent with transmitting coil.
2 described transmitting coils and 1 receiving coil are a subarray, during use, location arrangements adopts 8 subarrays, need 16 transmitting coils, 16 transmitting coils share a receiving coil, all coils is wound on non-conductive plug jointly, circuit design adopts " Time-sharing control ", realize the measurement of 8 subarrays completed wells formation conductivity near the eyes respectively, main transmitting coil spacing is respectively 0.15m ,-0.225m, 0.3000m ,-0.3750m, 0.5250m ,-0.6750m, 0.9750m, 1.8000m; Secondary transmitting coil spacing is respectively 0.07482m ,-0.15011m, 0.22389m ,-0.30173m, 0.3770m ,-0.52667m, 0.67386m, 1.35145m.
Transmitting coil and receiving coil are in coplanar or parallel.
Advantage of the present invention is: structure of coil system is become by 8 group of subarrays be wrapped on non-conductive skeleton, often organize subarray to be made up of 2 transmitting coils and 1 receiving coil, the normal orientation of coil overlaps with x-axis (or y-axis) or parallel, 2 transmitting coils are around to identical, all apply sinusoidal variations current source, launch alternating electromagnetism signal to wellbore stratum medium simultaneously; Arrange apart from transmitting coil certain distance an equidirectional around to receiving coil, receive the induced signal from stratum, the position of transmitting coil and receiving coil takes to obtain conventional multicomponent induction logging tool device Dual Principle; The degree that the number of turn of main transmitting and secondary transmitting coil focuses on according to Received signal strength, is adjusted by the size applying electric currents at two transmitting coils; Radiating circuit Time-sharing control provides alternating electromagnetism signal to coil array, realizes different subarray and measures receiver voltage and obtain formation information, study stratum characteristic further, look for oil and gas.The Negative Acknowledgment problem occurred in the situation such as present invention efficiently solves that existing three-component induction logging is eccentric at instrument, mud resistivity is low, invaded zone resistivity is low, formation resistivity is high and anisotropic coefficient is large.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is coil array arrangement schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is 3 coil array subarray structural representations of corresponding diagram 1.
Fig. 3 is the motion pattern of subarray 7 when even formation conductivity is 10S/m.
Fig. 4 is the apparent conductivity that calculates of subarray 7 of the present invention with the X-Y scheme of the secondary transmitting coil number of turn and spacing change.
Fig. 5 is one dimension (radial differential) the geometrical factor figure of corresponding subarray of the present invention 7.
Fig. 6 is one dimension (radial differential) the geometrical factor figure of subarray 7 of 1 transmitting coil, 2 receiving coils composition.
Fig. 7 is the geometrical factor figure in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 two kinds of situations.
Fig. 8 is in even stratum, the comparison diagram of apparent conductivity analytic solutions in 1 radial source and x direction, 2 equidirectional radial sources and x direction and 1 axial source and three kinds, z direction situation.
Fig. 9 is the array induction logging instrument Formation Resistivity Measurement schematic diagram of the measurement vertical direction formation conductivity that application coil array of the present invention is formed.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
A kind of coil array measuring vertical direction formation conductivity, its structure of coil system is made up of at least one subarray be wrapped on non-conductive skeleton, each subarray is made up of 2 transmitting coils and 1 receiving coil, 2 transmitting coils are respectively main transmitting coil and secondary transmitting coil, the normal orientation of all coils overlaps with x-axis or parallel, or to overlap with y-axis or parallel, 2 transmitting coil winding directions are identical, receiving coil is positioned at the side of secondary transmitting coil, winding direction is consistent with transmitting coil, the formation conductivity of measuring well vertical direction near the eyes.
2 described transmitting coils and 1 receiving coil are a subarray, during use, location arrangements adopts 8 subarrays, need 16 transmitting coils, 16 transmitting coils share a receiving coil, all coils is wound on non-conductive plug jointly, circuit design adopts " Time-sharing control ", realize the measurement of 8 subarrays completed wells formation conductivity near the eyes respectively, main transmitting coil spacing is respectively 0.15m ,-0.225m, 0.3000m ,-0.3750m, 0.5250m ,-0.6750m, 0.9750m, 1.8000m; Secondary spacing of launching is respectively 0.07482m ,-0.15011m, 0.22389m ,-0.30173m, 0.3770m ,-0.52667m, 0.67386m, 1.35145m.
Transmitting coil and receiving coil are in coplanar or parallel.
Operating principle of the present invention is:
The principle of described receiving coil Received signal strength is as follows:
In even stratum, derive according to Theory of Electromagnetic Field, obtain the measuring voltage V of twin coil system, instrumental constant and apparent conductivity σ
aformula be
Formula (1) is in (3), and i is imaginary unit, L
tRit is the spacing between transmitting coil and receiving coil; K is wave number, k
2=ω
2μ (ε+i σ/ω), ε stratum dielectric constant, σ formation conductivity, ω is angular frequency, ω=2 π f, and f is tranmitting frequency, and μ is stratum magnetic conductivity.Can obtain, the voltage of the twin coil system of main transmitting and secondary launching and receiving coil composition is
According to induction logging basic theories, the total voltage V that in the present invention, 3 coil array subarrays produce on receiving coil is
V＝V
T1R+V
T2R(5)
In formula (3), (4), I
t1, I
t2be respectively the AC signal intensity in two transmitting coils; A
t1, A
t2and A
rbe respectively the area of main transmitting, secondary transmitting and receiving coil, because 3 coils are all wrapped on same non-conductive plug, therefore, 3 areas are completely equal.N
t1, N
t2and N
rbe respectively the number of turn of main transmitting, secondary transmitting and receiving coil; L
t1Rand L
t2Rbe two transmitting coils respectively with the distance of receiving coil.
The present invention designs communication and control circuit transmits the platform forwarded as data, and its basic function realized has following three aspects: one is the encoding and decoding and the authentication module that realize log data, is responsible for the command code passed down and the log data decoding of uploading; Two is cable drive circuit, improves the driving force of transmission; Three is be responsible for communicating with ground system, the control command that data upload measured by downhole instrument be passed down to host computer and reception host computer.The design basic ideas of communication and control circuit are based in DSP hardware structure structure.For above functional requirement, propose the specific design index of communication and control circuit:
(1), during instrument well logging, vertical resolution will by various factors, the resolution ratio of mainly log well sampling interval and instrument itself.With regard to current logging technique level, adopt the logging mode that the degree of depth drives, General Requirements 0.075m adopts the data of a point, and logging speed is not less than 1000m/h, and ground system at least interval 270ms will receive the well logging result of 8 subarrays.
Whole instrument is made up of 8 subarrays, always has 16 transmitting coils, 1 receiving coil, is jointly wound on non-conductive plug, and circuit design " timesharing is enable " works, and realizes the measurement of 8 subarrays completed wells formation conductivity near the eyes respectively.
(2) biography order and uploading data are transmitted by cable telemetry system down, need corresponding transmission drive circuit to facilitate and telemetry cable interface, at least comprise a receive path and a sendaisle;
(3) power supply stabilization circuit should provide the smooth dc voltage of 5V, 3.3V, 2.5V, 1.8V, 1.2V to export, and output current size meets the requirement driving DSP and other devices.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is coil array arrangement schematic diagram of the present invention.
The array induction coil array measuring vertical direction formation conductivity by 8 independently 3 coil array subarrays form, often organize subarray and comprise 2 transmitting coils, 1 receiving coil.8 subarrays share 1 receiving coil.In figure, T
1 1, T
1 2represent the main transmitting of first group of subarray and secondary transmitting coil; By that analogy, one 8 groups are had.This structure of coil system, increase Received signal strength, reduce Kelvin effect impact, wellbore effect is changed into linearly by non-linear, be convenient to eliminate wellbore effect by the borehole correction method based on database similar to straight well, there is negative value in the apparent conductivity when measuring greatly reducing existing three-component induction logging, can not react the problem of formation information.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 2 is 3 coil array subarray structural representations of corresponding diagram 1.2 transmitting coil T
x1, T
x2be arranged in the homonymy of receiving coil R.The number of turn of main transmitting and secondary transmitting coil according to the degree of Received signal strength focusing, can be adjusted by the size applying electric currents at two transmitting coils.
Fig. 3 be subarray 7 when even formation conductivity is 10S/m, induced-current is at the scale electric power line chart in yoz cross section.Know current decay between display 2 transmitting coil, wellbore effect reduces, and measured value mainly comes from formation information.
Fig. 4 is the X-Y scheme that the receiver voltage of subarray 7 changes with the secondary transmitting coil number of turn and spacing.Clear when being presented near apart from receiving coil, increase along with the number of turn increases receiver voltage; Time far away apart from receiving coil, the impact of the number of turn on it is little.When the number of turn is many, far away apart from receiving coil, receiver voltage is less; When the number of turn is few, the impact of distance on receiver voltage apart from receiving coil is little.
Fig. 7 is 21 of the present invention and receives the radial Differential Geometry factor comparison diagram that subarrays 7 and current existing three-component induction logging 12 receives horizontal coil system.Know 12 time receiving of display, negative value response region is large, and non-linear effects; In 21 time receivings, considerably reduce negative territory, the change of response approximately linear.
Fig. 8 is in even stratum, the comparison diagram of apparent conductivity analytic solutions in 1 radial source (x direction), 2 equidirectional radial sources (x direction) and 1 axial source (z direction), three kinds of situations.The apparent conductivity that clear display 2 equidirectional radial sources of the present invention calculate is between 1 axial source and 1 radial source result of calculation; This structure of coil system increases along with formation conductivity, less than the Kelvin effect in existing three-component induction logging 1 radial source.
Fig. 9 is the array induction logging instrument Formation Resistivity Measurement schematic diagram of the measurement vertical direction formation conductivity that application coil array of the present invention is formed.The array induction logging instrument down-hole exploring block measuring vertical direction formation conductivity is transmitting coil and receiving coil, and the circuit part of underground work forms primarily of power circuit, radiating circuit, receiving circuit, Signal acquiring and processing circuit, observation circuit and communicating circuit.Radiating circuit has encouraged alternating current on transmitting coil, transmitting coil towards periphery stratum launches the alternating electromagnetism ripple of certain frequency and size, each receiving circuit amplifies and filtering the signal that receiving coil receives, then this signal is sent to Signal acquiring and processing circuit, utilize real part and the imaginary part of digital phase sensitivity detection algorithm separation signal, finally the log data processed is uploaded to ground system in time.
Claims (3)
1. measure the coil array of vertical direction formation conductivity for one kind, it is characterized in that, its structure of coil system is made up of at least one subarray be wrapped on non-conductive skeleton, each subarray is made up of 2 transmitting coils and 1 receiving coil, 2 transmitting coils are respectively main transmitting coil and secondary transmitting coil, the normal orientation of all coils overlaps with x-axis or parallel, or overlaps with y-axis or parallel; 2 transmitting coil winding directions are identical, and receiving coil is positioned at the side of secondary transmitting coil, and winding direction is consistent with transmitting coil.
2. a kind of coil array measuring vertical direction formation conductivity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, transmitting coil and receiving coil are in coplanar or parallel.
3. a kind of coil array measuring vertical direction formation conductivity according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, 2 described transmitting coils and 1 receiving coil are a subarray, during use, location arrangements adopts 8 subarrays, need 16 transmitting coils, 16 transmitting coils share a receiving coil, all coils is wound on non-conductive plug jointly, circuit design adopts " Time-sharing control ", realize the measurement of 8 subarrays completed wells formation conductivity near the eyes respectively, main transmitting coil spacing is respectively 0.15m,-0.225m, 0.3000m,-0.3750m, 0.5250m,-0.6750m, 0.9750m, 1.8000m, secondary spacing of launching is respectively 0.07482m ,-0.15011m, 0.22389m ,-0.30173m, 0.3770m ,-0.52667m, 0.67386m, 1.35145m.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105332697A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-02-17 | 西安石油大学 | Array coplanar coil system for measuring vertical conductivity of stratum |
| CN107725043A (en) * | 2017-09-23 | 2018-02-23 | 天津大学 | One kind crosses sleeve pipe formation resistivity method for continuous measuring |
| CN108804728A (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2018-11-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Horizontal well stratum reservoir grading analysis method and computer readable storage medium |
| CN109695446A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-04-30 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of induction log tool transmission power adaptation adjustment device |
| CN109695447A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-04-30 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of induction log tool transmission power adaptation method of adjustment |
| CN109779621A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-05-21 | 北京工业大学 | Method and device for responding to logging of induction logging instrument |
| CN110727035A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-24 | 西安石油大学 | Low-permeability strong heterogeneous gas reservoir gas-water layer identification method |
| CN112034522A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-04 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Method for measuring formation resistivity by using six-subarray coil system |
| CN112114031A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2020-12-22 | 西安石油大学 | Detector for measuring metal defects of petroleum pipeline matrix |
| CN112882113A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-06-01 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Coil structure of remote detection electromagnetic logging instrument for open hole well |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108804728B (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2021-07-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Horizontal well stratum reservoir classification analysis method and computer readable storage medium |
| CN108804728A (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2018-11-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Horizontal well stratum reservoir grading analysis method and computer readable storage medium |
| CN107725043A (en) * | 2017-09-23 | 2018-02-23 | 天津大学 | One kind crosses sleeve pipe formation resistivity method for continuous measuring |
| CN109695446A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-04-30 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of induction log tool transmission power adaptation adjustment device |
| CN109695447A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-04-30 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of induction log tool transmission power adaptation method of adjustment |
| CN109779621A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-05-21 | 北京工业大学 | Method and device for responding to logging of induction logging instrument |
| CN109779621B (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2022-05-13 | 北京工业大学 | Method and device for responding to logging of induction logging instrument |
| CN110727035A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-24 | 西安石油大学 | Low-permeability strong heterogeneous gas reservoir gas-water layer identification method |
| CN112034522A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-04 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Method for measuring formation resistivity by using six-subarray coil system |
| CN112034522B (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2023-09-19 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Method for measuring stratum resistivity by six subarray coils |
| CN112114031A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2020-12-22 | 西安石油大学 | Detector for measuring metal defects of petroleum pipeline matrix |
| CN112114031B (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2023-10-17 | 西安石油大学 | Detector for measuring metal defects of petroleum pipeline base body |
| CN112882113A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-06-01 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Coil structure of remote detection electromagnetic logging instrument for open hole well |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN104612671B (en) | 2018-06-15 |
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