CN203556629U - Garbage disposing device capable of separating solid from liquid as well as separating organic matter from inorganic matter - Google Patents

Abstract

A garbage treatment device for solid-liquid separation and separation of organic matter and inorganic matter: the garbage bag breaking device is connected to the garbage washing device; the garbage washing device is connected to the solid-liquid separation device; the solid-liquid separation device is connected to the sorting device; the organic The garbage outlet is connected to the bio-carbon production device; the inorganic garbage outlet set in the sorting device is connected to the inorganic garbage crushing device; the garbage water outlet set in the organic garbage dehydration device is connected to the garbage water anaerobic treatment device; the solid-liquid separation device is connected to the garbage water. The sedimentation tank; the sedimentation tank is connected to the garbage water anaerobic treatment device; the garbage water anaerobic treatment device is connected to the activated coke filter adsorption device; the activated coke filter adsorption device is connected to the circulating water pool; The clear water circulation is used for garbage bag breaking treatment, garbage washing treatment and washing during sorting treatment; the garbage water anaerobic treatment device is equipped with a biogas outlet, and the biogas outlet is connected to the biochar production device.

Description

A garbage treatment device for solid-liquid separation and separation of organic matter and inorganic matter

technical field

The utility model belongs to garbage treatment equipment, in particular to a garbage treatment device for separating solid from liquid and separating organic matter from inorganic matter.

Background technique

China is one of the countries with the most serious urban waste problems in the world.

According to statistics, the annual output of urban domestic waste in the country: 115 million tons in the 1980s, and 143 million tons in the 1990s (second only to the United States, ranking second in the world);

At present, the total amount of urban garbage piled up in the country has reached 7 billion tons over the years, and the amount of generation is increasing at a rate of about 8.98% every year. Garbage dumps occupy a total land area of 500 million square meters, equivalent to about 750,000 mu of cultivated land;

Of the more than 600 large and medium-sized cities across the country, 70% are surrounded by garbage, seriously affecting urban development and the living environment of surrounding residents.

At present, my country's waste treatment basically adopts traditional methods such as landfill, composting, and incineration. The above-mentioned traditional waste treatment technologies have well-known defects:

1. Garbage composting

Waste composting is a biochemical process that uses microorganisms to decompose the organic components of waste. During the biochemical reaction, organic matter, oxygen, and bacteria interact to release carbon dioxide, water, and heat while generating humus.

There are three disadvantages of waste composting:

1. Stones, metal, glass, plastic and other wastes in the garbage cannot be decomposed by microorganisms, and these wastes must be sorted out and treated separately;

2. The garbage composting cycle is long, the area is large, and the sanitary conditions around the garbage composting site are poor;

3. Low fertilizer efficiency, high cost, difficult sales and poor economic benefits.

Garbage composting is aimed at organic matter in garbage that can be decomposed by microorganisms, so it is a treatment technology for organic components in garbage, not a final treatment technology for all garbage.

Garbage composting technology has obvious disadvantages. It cannot deal with non-decomposed organic and inorganic substances, so the degree of volume reduction, weight reduction and harmlessness is low. Therefore relying solely on composting still cannot thoroughly solve the garbage problem. At present, in some places, domestic waste is landfilled, and it is fermented naturally. After several years, it is dug out, and the plastic and other non-perishable substances are sieved and sold as fertilizer. In fact, it is dangerous to plant fruit trees, vegetables and food with this kind of fertilizer, because the heavy metal (Pb, Cd, H) content of non-perishable organic components (paper, plastic, cloth, rubber, etc.) in the garbage is very high, If such substances and perishable organic matter are buried in the ground for a long time, together with the effect of rain, heavy metals will inevitably infiltrate into the final organic fertilizer product, and the heavy metal content of food grown with this kind of fertilizer will inevitably exceed the standard, endangering human health.

2. Garbage incineration treatment

Waste incineration is the process of sending waste into an incinerator for combustion. After the waste is incinerated, heat energy is released, and smoke and solid residues are produced at the same time. Heat energy needs to be recovered, flue gas needs to be purified, and residues need to be digested. This is an essential process for incineration treatment.

Disadvantages of waste incineration:

1. Toxic gases are released during garbage combustion, such as dioxins, mercury vapor in batteries, etc. The smoke generated must be purified, and the purification technology is difficult and the operating cost is high;

2. Toxic and harmful slag and dust are produced in the process of garbage incineration, accounting for 20%-30% of the original amount, and the toxic and harmful slag and dust produced by incineration must be disposed of;

3. The recyclable resources in the garbage are destroyed, which is a waste of resources;

4. Incineration treatment has certain requirements on the low calorific value of garbage, not all garbage can be incinerated;

5. The one-time investment of incineration equipment is large.

3. Landfill

Disadvantages of landfill disposal:

The landfilled garbage has not been harmlessly treated, and a large number of bacteria and viruses remain; there are hidden dangers such as methane and heavy metal pollution; the garbage seepage will also pollute groundwater resources for a long time, so this method is potentially dangerous. It is extremely harmful and will bring endless troubles to future generations. This method not only fails to realize the recycling of garbage, but also occupies a large amount of land, leaving pollution sources to future generations. The most critical thing is that each landfill plant has a limited processing capacity, and after filling up, it still needs to invest in the construction of a new landfill, further occupying land resources. At present, many developed countries explicitly prohibit landfilling waste.

According to comprehensive analysis, none of the waste treatment technologies currently adopted in my country can truly achieve the overall goal of recycling, harmless and reducing waste.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a solid-liquid separation and separation of organic matter and inorganic matter garbage treatment device.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the garbage disposal device provided by the utility model includes:

The garbage bag breaking device is connected to a garbage washing device for washing water-soluble organic matter in municipal solid waste;

The garbage washing device is connected to a pair of solid-liquid separation devices for solid-liquid separation of the washed municipal solid waste;

The solid-liquid separation device is connected to a sorting device for sorting the separated solid waste;

The organic waste outlet provided in the sorting device is connected to the biochar production device through the organic waste crushing device and the dehydration device for dehydrating the organic waste;

The inorganic garbage outlet set in the sorting device is connected to the inorganic garbage crushing device;

The sewage outlet set in the organic waste dehydration device is connected to the waste water anaerobic treatment device that performs anaerobic treatment of the separated sewage and converts the organic matter in the sewage into biogas;

The solid-liquid separation device is connected to the grit chamber for sedimentation of garbage water;

The grit chamber is connected to an anaerobic treatment device for anaerobic treatment of the separated garbage water after sedimentation and converting the organic matter in the garbage water into biogas;

The garbage water anaerobic treatment device is connected to the activated coke filter adsorption device that purifies the anaerobic treated garbage water;

The activated coke filter adsorption device is connected to the circulating water pool;

The circulating water pool is connected to the garbage bag breaking device, garbage washing device and sorting device through the circulating water pump, and the purified water is circulated for garbage bag breaking treatment, garbage washing treatment and washing during the sorting process;

The garbage water anaerobic treatment device is provided with a biogas outlet, and the biogas outlet is connected to a biochar production device.

In said device, the garbage water anaerobic treatment device is connected to the biochar production device through a dehydration device for dehydrating biogas residue.

In the device, the biogas residue dehydration device is connected to the garbage water anaerobic treatment device through the sewage outlet.

In the device, the circulating pool is connected with a water supply pipe for water supply.

The utility model is characterized in that:

(1) Realized the separate treatment of solid and liquid in municipal solid waste; separate treatment of inorganic waste and organic waste; comprehensive treatment of washing waste water purification and recycling.

(2) Overcome the major defects of the traditional municipal solid waste treatment technology, such as: waste of land resources and pollution of groundwater resources in waste landfill treatment technology; pollution of air and environment in waste incineration treatment technology, waste of waste in waste Available resource deficiencies, etc.

(3) Maximize the clean recovery of available resources in municipal solid waste.

(4) Save a lot of valuable land resources for the city.

(5) No air or environmental pollution will be generated during the municipal solid waste disposal process.

(6) The disposal of urban domestic waste has achieved complete resource utilization, harmlessness, volume reduction, and low-cost treatment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of municipal solid waste treatment provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols in the attached drawings:

1 municipal solid waste; 2 garbage bag breaking device; 3 garbage washing device; 4 solid-liquid separation device; 5 garbage water; 6 grit chamber; 7 garbage water anaerobic treatment device; 10 circulating water pump; 11 water supply pipe; 12 solid waste; 13 sorting device; 14 plastic metal battery and other items; 15 insoluble water organic waste; 16 organic waste crushing device; 17 dehydration device; 20 inorganic garbage; 21 inorganic garbage crushing device; 22 sediment; 23 cement; 24 grass planting bricks; 25 biogas; 26 biogas residue; 27 sewage.

Detailed ways

The garbage disposal device provided by the utility model includes:

The garbage bag breaking device is connected to the garbage washing device to wash the water-soluble organic matter in the municipal solid waste;

The garbage washing device is connected to the solid-liquid separation device to perform solid-liquid separation treatment on the washed municipal solid waste;

The solid-liquid separation device is connected to the sorting device to sort the separated solid waste;

The organic waste outlet provided in the sorting device is connected to the biochar production device through the organic waste crushing device and the dehydration device for dehydrating the organic waste;

The inorganic garbage outlet set in the sorting device is connected to the inorganic garbage crushing device;

The sewage outlet set in the organic waste dehydration device is connected to the waste water anaerobic treatment device, and the separated sewage is anaerobically treated, and the organic matter in the sewage is converted into biogas;

The solid-liquid separation device is connected to the grit chamber to settle the garbage water;

The grit chamber is connected to the garbage water anaerobic treatment device, and the separated garbage water is subjected to anaerobic treatment after sedimentation, and the organic matter in the garbage water is converted into biogas;

The garbage water anaerobic treatment device is connected to the activated coke filtration and adsorption device, and the garbage water after anaerobic treatment is purified through active coke filtration and adsorption;

The activated coke filter and adsorption device is connected to the circulating water pool, and the circulating water pool is connected to a water supply pipe for replenishing water;

The circulating water pool is connected to the garbage bag breaking device, garbage washing device and sorting device through the circulating water pump, and the purified water is circulated for garbage bag breaking treatment, garbage washing treatment and washing during the sorting process;

The garbage water anaerobic treatment device is provided with a biogas outlet, and the biogas outlet is connected to a biochar production device.

In said device, the garbage water anaerobic treatment device is connected to the biochar production device through a dehydration device for dehydrating biogas residue.

In the device, the biogas residue dehydration device is connected to the garbage water anaerobic treatment device through the sewage outlet.

The use process of the garbage disposal device of the present utility model includes:

1) Break the bag of municipal solid waste and wash it with water;

2) Wash the urban domestic waste after the bag-breaking treatment with water, and wash down the water-soluble organic matter in the urban domestic waste;

3) The washed municipal solid waste is treated with solid-liquid separation, the separated solid waste is sorted, and the separated waste water is subjected to anaerobic treatment after sedimentation to convert the organic matter in the waste water into biogas, and the anaerobic The garbage water after oxygen treatment is purified by activated coke filtration and adsorption, and the purified water is used;

In the sorting process, the solid waste is continuously sprayed and washed, and the washed waste water is subjected to anaerobic treatment after sedimentation, and the organic matter in the waste water is converted into biogas, and the purified water is used;

4) After the sorted insoluble organic waste is crushed, it is dehydrated, and it is pyrolyzed in an anoxic state to make biochar. The sewage generated during the dehydration process is anaerobically treated to make the organic matter in the sewage Converted into biogas, the purified water is used;

The sorted inorganic garbage is crushed and mixed with the sediment precipitated from the garbage water for utilization;

Recycle the sorted plastics, metals and batteries directly;

5) The biogas residue generated from waste water is dehydrated and made into biochar; the sewage generated during the biogas residue dehydration process is anaerobically treated, and the biogas generated by the anaerobic treatment is collected for use.

In the garbage treatment method, the clean water after the purification treatment is recycled for garbage bag breaking treatment, garbage washing treatment and washing in the sorting treatment process.

The biogas produced in the above process is used as fuel for the production of biochar.

The biochar produced in the above process is used to produce soil amendments.

After the crushed inorganic garbage particles in the above process are mixed with the sediment precipitated from the garbage water, cement is added to make grass planting bricks.

In the above process, the biogas residue is made into biochar after dry distillation treatment in anoxic state.

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The utility model provides a treatment device for separating solid and liquid municipal solid waste, inorganic waste and organic waste, and waste water purification and recycling. The use process of the device is as follows:

1) Washing municipal solid waste

Wash the municipal solid waste treated with broken bags with clean water:

(1) Wash the water-soluble organic matter in municipal solid waste to avoid the liquid in the waste from rotting and emitting odor pollution during the waste treatment process;

(2) Realize clean recycling of recyclable materials in garbage.

2) Purify the garbage water after washing the garbage and recycle it

The garbage water after washing the garbage is transported to the solid-liquid separation device for solid-liquid separation treatment and then transported to the grit chamber. The garbage water treated in the grit chamber is transported to the garbage water anaerobic treatment device for anaerobic treatment, so that the organic matter in the garbage water is converted into biogas; the garbage water and biogas slurry discharged from the garbage water anaerobic treatment device are transported to the activated coke The filtration and adsorption device performs filtration, adsorption and purification treatment; the clear water after the filtration, adsorption and purification treatment is transported to the circulating pool, and the water in the circulating pool is transported to the garbage washing device by a pump for reuse in garbage washing.

3) Clean and sort the washed solid waste

The solid waste separated by the solid-liquid separation device is transported to the sorting device for sorting treatment, and the solid waste is continuously cleaned during the solid waste sorting process. The sorting device divides the washed garbage into recyclable garbage, water-insoluble organic garbage and inorganic garbage, and recycles the recyclable garbage.

4) Use the sorted insoluble organic waste to make biochar, and use the sorted inorganic waste to produce grass planting bricks, etc.

The sorted insoluble organic waste is transported to the organic waste crushing device for crushing treatment, and then sent to the dehydration device for dehydration treatment. The insoluble water organic waste after dehydration treatment is transported to the dry distillation biochar plant, and is processed under anoxic state to make biochar. The produced biochar is used to produce soil amendments. The inorganic garbage separated by the separation device is transported to the inorganic garbage crushing device. After the crushed inorganic garbage particles are mixed with the sediment discharged from the grit chamber, cement is added to make grass planting bricks, etc.

5) Make biochar from the biogas residue in the waste water treatment process

The biogas residue discharged from the garbage water anaerobic treatment device is sent to the dehydration device for dehydration treatment, and then sent to the dry distillation biochar device, where it is processed in an anoxic state to make biochar.

6) Use the biogas generated in the waste water treatment process as the fuel for the dry distillation biochar plant

The biogas produced by the garbage water anaerobic treatment device is transported to the dry distillation biochar device, and used as the fuel for the carbonization treatment of insoluble water organic waste and biogas residue in the dry distillation biochar device.

The above-mentioned comprehensive treatment method and device for separate treatment of solid and liquid in municipal solid waste, separate treatment of inorganic waste and organic waste, and recycling of washing waste water can avoid the waste of land resources in the current traditional waste landfill treatment technology 1. Pollution of groundwater resources; major defects such as polluting the air and the environment in waste incineration treatment technology, wasting available resources in waste, and truly realizing waste recycling, harmlessness, reduction, and clean treatment.

The preferred embodiments of the utility model are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the utility model, rather than limiting the protection scope of the utility model.

As shown in the figure, the municipal solid waste of the utility model is treated separately from the liquid, the inorganic waste is treated separately from the organic waste, and the treatment method and device for waste water purification and recycling are as follows:

1. Wash the municipal solid waste 1 and purify the waste water 5 for recycling.

1) Transport the municipal solid waste 1 to the bag breaking device 2 for bag breaking treatment, and spray and wash with water during the bag breaking process. Garbage bag breaking device 2 is known equipment;

2) Transport the bag-breaking municipal solid waste 1 to the waste washing device 3 for washing with water, and wash down the water-soluble organic matter in the municipal solid waste 1 . Garbage washing device 3 is known equipment;

3) Transport the washed municipal solid waste 1 to the solid-liquid separation device 4 for solid-liquid separation treatment. The solid-liquid separation device 4 is a known device; the garbage water 5 after the solid-liquid separation treatment is delivered to the grit chamber 6; the garbage water 5 processed in the grit chamber 6 is delivered to the garbage water anaerobic treatment device 7 for anaerobic treatment. Oxygen treatment converts the organic matter in the waste water 5 into biogas 25. Garbage water anaerobic treatment device 7 is known equipment; Garbage water 5 after anaerobic treatment is delivered to active coke filter adsorption device 8 and is purified, and active coke filter adsorption device 8 is known equipment, can adopt " a kind of garbage water Treatment device" (Patent No. ZL200610011667.7, authorized announcement number CN100496664C); the purified water is transported to the circulating pool 9, and the circulating water pump 10 is used to transport the water in the circulating pool 9 to the garbage washing device 3 and the garbage bag breaking device 2 And sorting device 13 is reused for rubbish washing. The circulating pool 9 is connected with a replenishing water pipe 11 for replenishing water.

2. Sorting and recycling the washed solid waste 12

The solid waste 12 separated by the solid-liquid separation device 4 is transported to the sorting device 13 for sorting treatment, and the solid waste 12 is continuously sprayed and washed during the sorting process, and the washed waste water 5 is transported to the grit chamber 6 The sorting device 13 sorts out articles 14 such as plastic metal batteries in the municipal solid waste 1 after the washing process; the insoluble water organic waste 15 is transported to the organic waste crushing device 16 for crushing and then transported to the dehydration device 17 for Dehydration treatment. The organic waste crushing device 16 is known equipment. The dehydrated water-insoluble organic waste 15 is transported to a biochar manufacturing device 18 for pyrolysis treatment under anoxic conditions to produce biochar 19, which is used to produce soil amendments. The device 18 for producing biochar is known equipment, and "a device for producing biochar" (patent number ZL201020562292.5, authorized announcement number CN201825737U) can be used. The dehydration device 17 processes the waste water anaerobic treatment device 7 transported by the waste water 27 produced during the dehydration process of the crushed insoluble organic waste 15; the inorganic waste 20 separated by the sorting device 13 is transported to the inorganic waste crushing device 21 After the crushed inorganic garbage 20 particles are mixed with the silt 22 discharged from the grit chamber 6, cement 23 is added to make grass planting bricks 24 and the like.

3. Recycling treatment and utilization of biogas 25 and biogas residue 26 generated during the treatment of waste water 5

Transport the biogas residue 26 discharged from the garbage water anaerobic treatment device 7 to the dehydration device 17; transport the dehydrated biogas residue 26 to the biochar manufacturing device 18 for dry distillation treatment under anoxic state to make biochar 19 , biochar 19 is used in the production of soil amendments. The dehydration device 17 treats the waste water anaerobic treatment device 7 that transports the sewage 27 generated during the dehydration process of the biogas residue 26; the biogas 25 discharged from the waste water anaerobic treatment device 7 is transported to the biochar production device 18 as dry distillation treatment for insoluble Water organic waste 15 and biogas residue 26 as fuel for biochar 19.

Claims (4)

1. A garbage treatment device for solid-liquid separation and separation of organic matter and inorganic matter, characterized in that it comprises: The garbage bag breaking device is connected to a garbage washing device that washes the water-soluble organic matter in municipal solid waste; the garbage washing device is connected to a pair of solid-liquid separation devices for solid-liquid separation of washed municipal solid waste; The solid-liquid separation device is connected to the sorting device for sorting the separated solid waste; The organic waste outlet set in the sorting device is connected to the biochar production device through the organic waste crushing device and the dehydration device for dehydrating the organic waste; The inorganic garbage outlet set in the sorting device is connected to the inorganic garbage crushing device; The garbage water outlet set in the organic garbage dehydration device is connected to the garbage water anaerobic treatment device that performs anaerobic treatment on the separated garbage water and converts the organic matter in the garbage water into biogas; The solid-liquid separation device is connected to the grit chamber for sedimentation of garbage water; The grit chamber is connected to an anaerobic treatment device for anaerobic treatment of the separated garbage water after sedimentation and converting the organic matter in the garbage water into biogas; The garbage water anaerobic treatment device is connected to the activated coke filter adsorption device that purifies the anaerobic treated garbage water; The active coke filter adsorption device is connected to the circulating water pool; The circulating water pool is connected to the garbage bag breaking device, garbage washing device and sorting device through the circulating water pump, and the purified water is circulated for garbage bag breaking treatment, garbage washing treatment and washing during the sorting process; The garbage water anaerobic treatment device is provided with a biogas outlet, and the biogas outlet is connected to a biochar production device. the 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the garbage water anaerobic treatment device is connected to a biochar production device through a dehydration device for dehydrating biogas residue. the 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the biogas residue dehydration device is connected to the garbage water anaerobic treatment device through the garbage water outlet. the 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the circulating water pool (9) is connected with a water replenishing pipe for replenishing water. the