CN203478209U - Double-low type boiler capable of cleanly combusting high-alkali-metal coal - Google Patents
Double-low type boiler capable of cleanly combusting high-alkali-metal coal Download PDFInfo
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- CN203478209U CN203478209U CN201320386307.0U CN201320386307U CN203478209U CN 203478209 U CN203478209 U CN 203478209U CN 201320386307 U CN201320386307 U CN 201320386307U CN 203478209 U CN203478209 U CN 203478209U
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Abstract
A double-low type boiler capable of cleanly combusting high-alkali-metal coal comprises a hearth; the hearth is divided into a mini-sized hearth dense phase area and a large-sized hearth dilute phase area; the mini-sized hearth dense phase area is connected with a coal feeding system, the large-sized hearth dilute phase area is connected with a separator inlet flue, and the volume of the large-sized hearth dilute phase area is more than 5 times the volume of the mini-sized hearth dense phase area. By lowering the superficial velocity of the hearth, increasing the effective height of the hearth and adding a alkali metal enrichment ash discharge system, the operating temperature of the hearth is reduced, the temperature at an outlet of a separator is reduced, the temperature in a combustion area is controlled between 650-850 DEC C, the separation form of alkali metals and compounds of the alkali metals is changed, and the separation amount is reduced, gaseous alkali metals and compounds of the alkali metals generated during combustion are mostly solidified in fly ash, bottom slag and bed material, serious ash accumulation and scorification are avoided, and the continuous operation period is prolonged; the boiler also has the advantages of being low in contamination discharge, free from limit of unit capacity, wide in range of available coal types, low in stable combustion load without auxiliary fuel support, high in combustion efficiency, less in bottom slag discharge, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to clean coal burning and utilizes technical field, particularly a kind of two low type boiler that can clean burning high basic metal coal.
Background technology
China is the country of rich coal resources, and prediction coal total resources surpasses 5,000,000,000,000 tons, occupies the most coal resources of third place in the world ，Dan China and is positioned at the west areas such as Xinjiang.In the process that uses the ground coals such as Xinjiang, find, in a considerable amount of boiler furnaces, superheater and reheater region can form the dust stratification that large stretch of caking property is very strong in a short time, and with serious high temperature corrosion, finally cause boiler large area booster, directly affected reliability, security and the economy of boiler operatiopn.Research finds, the reason that causes the problems referred to above is mainly that in coal, the alkali metal content such as sodium and potassium is higher, and moisture and the volatile matter content of this class high basic metal content coal are generally higher, and ash content, calorific value are lower.Be subject to the higher impacts of alkali metal content such as sodium in coal ash and potassium, the ash fusion point of coal is generally lower, and in combustion process, coal ash has shown extremely strong contamination, belongs to strong fouling and slagging type ash.
Owing to using high basic metal content coal, can cause that heating surface stains and affects boiler heat-transfer, in prior art means, generally by increase furnace cross-sectional area, Optimizing Combustion and air distribution, increase, blow the grey frequency, use the means such as additive, coal mixing combustion to be delayed, but be difficult to all the time radical cure.Use high basic metal content coal both at home and abroad and all belong to a great problem, so burning utilization is mixed by the high basic metal content Mei Jin U.S., Australia and Xinjiang of China area minority power plant.Mixing in burning process, easily there is staiing blockage problem in the slagging scorification of burner in the stove region and high temperature superheater, high temperature reheater in pulverized-coal fired boiler, and CFBB easily occurs that at bed surface coking and back-end ductwork heating surface stain blockage problem.Although generally speaking use the cycle of operation of the CFBB of high basic metal content coal, to be longer than pulverized-coal fired boiler, and the mixed-fuel burning proportion of CFBB will be higher than pulverized-coal fired boiler (being generally 40%～50%), but because mix burning coal price is higher, the economy of unit operation has been subject to impact significantly.
Therefore, want to realize the extensive utilization of coal resources in China, in the urgent need to seeking a kind of apparatus and method that directly use high basic metal coal.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of two low type boiler that can clean burning high basic metal coal, can clean and effective use high basic metal coal, avoid dust stratification and slagging scorification.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is:
A kind of two low type boiler that can clean burning high basic metal coal, comprise burner hearth, described burner hearth is divided into small size burner hearth emulsion zone 1 and large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone 2, small size burner hearth emulsion zone 1 connects coal supply system 18, large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone 2 connects separator inlet flue 3, and the volume of large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone 2 is the more than 5 times of small size burner hearth emulsion zone 1 volume.
The free height of described large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone 2 is 2 times of small size burner hearth emulsion zone 1 length above or the more than 5 times of small size burner hearth emulsion zone 1 width.
In described large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone 2, be provided with strengthening heating surface A in stove.
In described stove, strengthening heating surface A is the curtain wall that multi-disc is arranged.
Intercept between described curtain wall is greater than 0.5m, is highly greater than 60% of large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone 2 free heights, and width is greater than 15% of large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone 2 span widths.
Described small size burner hearth emulsion zone 1 is connected with material returning device 6 by feed back pipe 7, material returning device 6 connects the dust-exhausting port of eccentric cyclone separator 4 by standpipe 5, the ash-laden gas outlet of eccentric cyclone separator 4 connects large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone 2 by separator inlet flue 3, clean flue gas after eccentric cyclone separator 4 dedustings is entered and is turned to flue 9 by central cylinder of separator 8, turn to flue 9 to connect back-end ductwork 10 longitudinally, back-end ductwork 10 bottoms are provided with ash bucket 11.
For improving efficiency of combustion central cylinder of separator, can also adopt reducing to arrange, the separative efficiency of eccentric cyclone separator 4 of the present utility model is more than 99.5%.
Described turning in flue 9 is provided with the cooling heating surface C of additional hardening, and the cooling heating surface C of described additional hardening is preferably convection type heating surface, can reduce flue-gas temperature more than 50 ℃.
In described back-end ductwork 10, be provided with a plurality of parallel back-end ductwork heating surface B, cooled flue gas is finally discharged by the outlet of back-end ductwork 10.Preferably described back-end ductwork heating surface B adopts large intercept design, and the intercept between adjacent tail portions flue surface B is greater than 0.15m, and the volume of back-end ductwork 10 is the more than 20 times of back-end ductwork heating surface B volume.
Described back-end ductwork heating surface B,
Described small size burner hearth emulsion zone 1:
By inert bed material adding tube 15, connect inert bed material add-on system 14;
By desulfurizing agent adding tube 17, connect desulfurizing agent add-on system 16;
Be provided with slag-drip opening 23.
By desulfurizing agent add-on system 16 can be regularly or continuous supplementation lime stone, calcium hydroxide, carbide slag maybe can serve as the material of desulfurizing agent, to reduce SO
2concentration of emission.
In described separator inlet flue 3, be provided with denitrification reducing agent entrance 21, can be regularly or spray into continuously aqueous solution of urea, ammoniacal liquor, liquefied ammonia and maybe can serve as the material of denitrfying agent by denitrification reducing agent entrance 21, to reduce NO
xconcentration of emission.
Described separator inlet flue 3, turn to and in flue 9 and back-end ductwork 10, be provided with flue gas and purge soot cleaning system 20 along journey, along flow of flue gas direction, strengthen and blow ash, at flue gas, along journey, purge soot cleaning system 20 peripheries and be provided with ash removing opening, can supplement deashing by manpower or machinery.
Described flue gas purges soot cleaning system 20 along journey and mainly comprises soot blower, can be along flow of flue gas direction close arrangement between different heating surfaces or between the zones of different of identical heating surface, soot blower quantity is every meter more than 1, and sootblowing dielectric can be steam, air, combustion gas or water.
Described small size burner hearth emulsion zone 1 and large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone 2:
Operating temperature is controlled between 650～850 ℃;
Air current flow speed is 3～5m/s;
The high basic metal coal time of staying is more than 5s.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
1. because ignition temperature is low, reduced to greatest extent the burst size of alkali metal and compound thereof;
2. although ignition temperature decreases, to utilize high-efficiency eccentric cyclone separator to realize flying dust and efficiently trap loopback, air velocity is low, and burner hearth free height is higher in addition, has extended the time of staying of particle, has guaranteed efficiency of combustion;
3. when using high basic metal coal, realized desulfurization and denitration, boiler environmental protection index is superior;
4. utilize a large amount of self-loopas of bed material in stove, guaranteed in stove strengthening heating surface in water-cooling wall and stove from deashing effect;
5. the dust stratification of large volume back-end ductwork and large intercept back-end ductwork heating surface is very loose, and flue gas purges soot cleaning system along journey and is easy to cleaning, has avoided deposition.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the utility model overall structure schematic diagram.。
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail.But those skilled in the art understand, and protection domain of the present utility model is not limited to the content of following embodiment, and any improvement of making on the utility model basis and variation, all within protection domain of the present utility model.
Embodiment 1:
For the large-sized boiler generating electricity, mainly use high basic metal content coal.Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the burner hearth of this boiler comprises the large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone 2 of 1 small size burner hearth emulsion zone 1 and the side of being located thereon, small size burner hearth emulsion zone 1 connects coal supply system 18, desulfurizing agent add-on system 16 and inert bed material add-on system 14, and in bottom, is provided with slag-drip opening 23.Large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone 2 connects separator inlet flue 3.In large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone 2, be provided with strengthening heating surface A in stove, in stove, strengthening heating surface A is the curtain wall of 16 layouts.The required fuel that burns is sent into small size burner hearth emulsion zone 1 by coal supply system 18 by coal spout 19, in order to reduce SO
2concentration of emission, carries out desulfuration in furnace to the interior supplementary lime stone of small size burner hearth emulsion zone 1 as desulfurizing agent continuously by desulfurizing agent add-on system 16.
Large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone 2 adopts large volume, the design of high clear height, and the volume of large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone 2 is 5 times of small size burner hearth emulsion zone 1 volume, and the free height of while large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone 2 is 2 times of small size burner hearth emulsion zone length.Front wall and Hou Qiang that the interior strengthening of stove heating surface A is arranged in burner hearth are arranged symmetrically with 8, and the intercept between every curtain wall is 2m, is highly greater than 60% of large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone free height, and width is greater than 15% of large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone span width.
Large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone 2 is connected by separator inlet flue 3 with eccentric cyclone separator 4, totally 3, eccentric cyclone separator 4, clean flue gas after eccentric cyclone separator 4 dedustings is entered and is turned to flue 9 by central cylinder of separator 8, and central cylinder of separator 8 adopts arranged off-centre.For fear of alkali metal and oxide thereof, in the deposition of back-end ductwork, turn in flue 9 and be provided with the cooling heating surface C of additional hardening, it is convection type heating surface, by this heating surface, can reduce flue-gas temperature more than 50 ℃.
Turn to flue 9 to be connected with back-end ductwork 10 longitudinally, ash bucket 11 is arranged at back-end ductwork 10 bottoms, is furnished with back-end ductwork heating surface B in back-end ductwork 10, and cooled flue gas is finally discharged by back-end ductwork outlet 13.After a small amount of dust is assembled in ash bucket 11, from ash bucket ash discharging hole 12, discharge.Back-end ductwork 10 is large volume back-end ductwork, and its volume is the more than 40 times of back-end ductwork heating surface B total measurement (volume).Meanwhile, back-end ductwork heating surface B adopts large intercept design, and its intercept is greater than 0.3m.
The temperature of small size burner hearth emulsion zone 1 and large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone 2 is controlled between 650～850 ℃, and air current flow speed is 4.5m/s, due to the best combustion temperature of this temperature lower than CFBB, therefore adopts multiple means to guarantee efficiency of combustion.The first, adopt the design of the whole high clear height of boiler, guarantee that the whole time of staying of particle is more than 5s; The second, utilize the grey bed material that serves as of the regular or replenishment cycles of inert bed material add-on system, reduce a bed material carbon residue, improve desulfurizing agent utilization ratio; The 3rd, more than adopting the separative efficiency to 99.5% that improves separator, reduce heat loss due to incomplete combustion.
The fine grained of lime-ash is carried away by flue gas, and the alkali metal enrichment ash exhaust system 22 that the slag-drip opening 23 that a part is arranged by small size burner hearth emulsion zone 1 and material returning device 6 arrange is regularly discharged.Because ignition temperature is low, gaseous bases metal and compound thereof also can by slag-drip opening 23 and alkali metal enrichment ash exhaust systems 22 is replaced and enrichment is discharged in flying dust, end slag and bed material for condensation cure.
Because alkali metal and oxide thereof can form one deck attachment at heating surface, and then be bonded on heating surface, along with the prolongation of running time, progressively thickening, until stop up.For this reason, at separator inlet flue 3, turn to and in flue 9, back-end ductwork 10, be provided with flue gas and purge soot cleaning system 20 along journey, flue gas purges soot cleaning system 20 along journey and mainly comprises a soot blower, along flow of flue gas direction, strengthen and blow ash, sootblowing dielectric is selected steam and combustion gas, and soot blower arranges that density is 1.5 every meter.In addition, at flue gas, along journey, purge soot cleaning system 20 peripheries and be also provided with ash removing opening, in particular cases can supplement deashing by manpower.Ash bucket 11 and ash bucket ash discharging hole 12 that back-end ductwork 10 bottoms arrange, can regularly discharge the dust stratification in back-end ductwork.
In order to reduce NOX concentration of emission, boiler is also provided with denitrification reducing agent entrance 21, and run duration sprays into continuously aqueous solution of urea and serves as denitrfying agent, carries out denitrating flue gas.
Embodiment 2:
A miniature boiler for steam supply, mainly uses high basic metal coal.The curtain wall A that is provided with 4 layouts in large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone 2, is arranged in front wall, and the intercept between every curtain wall is 3m.Eccentric cyclone separator 4 arranges 2 altogether.
The temperature of small size burner hearth emulsion zone 1 and large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone 2 is controlled at 840 ℃, and air current flow speed is 4.2m/s.Turn to the cooling heating surface C of additional hardening is not set in flue 9.
Boiler does not arrange alkali metal enrichment ash exhaust system 2, and condensation cure gaseous bases metal and compound thereof in flying dust, end slag and bed material are discharged by slag-drip opening 23 enrichments.
Flue gas purges soot cleaning system 20 along journey, and soot blower arranges that density is 1 every meter, and sootblowing dielectric is steam.
Claims (9)
- One kind can clean burning high basic metal coal two low type boiler, comprise burner hearth, it is characterized in that, described burner hearth is divided into small size burner hearth emulsion zone (1) and large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone (2), small size burner hearth emulsion zone (1) connects coal supply system (18), large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone (2) connects separator inlet flue (3), and the volume of large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone (2) is the more than 5 times of small size burner hearth emulsion zone (1) volume.
- 2. two low type boiler that can clean burning high basic metal coal according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the free height of described large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone (2) is 2 times of small size burner hearth emulsion zone (1) length above or the more than 5 times of small size burner hearth emulsion zone (1) width.
- 3. two low type boiler that can clean burning high basic metal coal according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is provided with strengthening heating surface (A) in stove in described large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone (2).
- 4. two low type boiler that can clean burning high basic metal coal according to claim 3, is characterized in that, in described stove, strengthening heating surface (A) is the curtain wall of multi-disc layout.
- 5. two low type boiler that can clean burning high basic metal coal according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, intercept between described curtain wall is greater than 0.5m, highly be greater than 60% of large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone (2) free height, width is greater than 15% of large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone (2) span width.
- 6. two low type boiler that can clean burning high basic metal coal according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described small size burner hearth emulsion zone (1) is connected with material returning device (6) by feed back pipe (7), material returning device (6) connects the dust-exhausting port of eccentric cyclone separator (4) by standpipe (5), the ash-laden gas outlet of eccentric cyclone separator (4) connects large scale burner hearth dilute-phase zone (2) by separator inlet flue (3), clean flue gas after the dedusting of eccentric cyclone separator (4) is entered and is turned to flue (9) by central cylinder of separator (8), turn to flue (9) to connect back-end ductwork (10) longitudinally, back-end ductwork (10) bottom is provided with ash bucket (11).
- 7. two low type boiler that can clean burning high basic metal coal according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described in turn to and in flue (9), be provided with the cooling heating surface of additional hardening (C); In described back-end ductwork (10), be provided with a plurality of parallel back-end ductwork heating surfaces (B), the intercept between adjacent tail portions flue surface (B) is greater than 0.15m, and the volume of back-end ductwork (10) is the more than 20 times of back-end ductwork heating surface (B) volume.
- 8. two low type boiler that can clean burning high basic metal coal according to claim 1, is characterized in that described small size burner hearth emulsion zone (1):By inert bed material adding tube (15), connect inert bed material add-on system (14);By desulfurizing agent adding tube (17), connect desulfurizing agent add-on system (16);Be provided with slag-drip opening (23).
- 9. two low type boiler that can clean burning high basic metal coal according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described separator inlet flue (3), be provided with denitrification reducing agent entrance (21), described separator inlet flue (3), turn to and in flue (9) and back-end ductwork (10), be provided with flue gas and purge soot cleaning system (20) along journey, at flue gas, along journey, purge soot cleaning system (20) periphery and be provided with ash removing opening.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320386307.0U CN203478209U (en) | 2013-07-01 | 2013-07-01 | Double-low type boiler capable of cleanly combusting high-alkali-metal coal |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320386307.0U CN203478209U (en) | 2013-07-01 | 2013-07-01 | Double-low type boiler capable of cleanly combusting high-alkali-metal coal |
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| CN203478209U true CN203478209U (en) | 2014-03-12 |
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| CN201320386307.0U Expired - Lifetime CN203478209U (en) | 2013-07-01 | 2013-07-01 | Double-low type boiler capable of cleanly combusting high-alkali-metal coal |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103398371A (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2013-11-20 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Double-low type boiler burning high base metal coal |
| CN104033884A (en) * | 2014-06-28 | 2014-09-10 | 湘潭锅炉有限责任公司 | Boiler capable of burning biomass and tobacco stems in particular |
| CN104033917A (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2014-09-10 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Coal powder boiler with high-temperature SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) denitration reactors |
| CN106402940A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-02-15 | 耒阳市丁先生农业发展有限公司 | Low-emission environment-friendly type coal-saving furnace |
-
2013
- 2013-07-01 CN CN201320386307.0U patent/CN203478209U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103398371A (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2013-11-20 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Double-low type boiler burning high base metal coal |
| CN103398371B (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2016-01-13 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of two low type boiler using high basic metal coal |
| CN104033917A (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2014-09-10 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Coal powder boiler with high-temperature SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) denitration reactors |
| CN104033884A (en) * | 2014-06-28 | 2014-09-10 | 湘潭锅炉有限责任公司 | Boiler capable of burning biomass and tobacco stems in particular |
| CN106402940A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-02-15 | 耒阳市丁先生农业发展有限公司 | Low-emission environment-friendly type coal-saving furnace |
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Granted publication date: 20140312 |