CN2034687U - 改进的辐射计 - Google Patents
改进的辐射计 Download PDFInfo
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- CN2034687U CN2034687U CN88207953U CN88207953U CN2034687U CN 2034687 U CN2034687 U CN 2034687U CN 88207953 U CN88207953 U CN 88207953U CN 88207953 U CN88207953 U CN 88207953U CN 2034687 U CN2034687 U CN 2034687U
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910001006 Constantan Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004861 thermometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005457 Black-body radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/0022—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry for sensing the radiation of moving bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B15/00—Other accessories for centrifuges
- B04B15/02—Other accessories for centrifuges for cooling, heating, or heat insulating
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/02—Constructional details
- G01J5/06—Arrangements for eliminating effects of disturbing radiation; Arrangements for compensating changes in sensitivity
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/02—Constructional details
- G01J5/08—Optical arrangements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/02—Constructional details
- G01J5/08—Optical arrangements
- G01J5/0853—Optical arrangements having infrared absorbers other than the usual absorber layers deposited on infrared detectors like bolometers, wherein the heat propagation between the absorber and the detecting element occurs within a solid
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/0022—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry for sensing the radiation of moving bodies
- G01J2005/0033—Wheel
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/10—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry using electric radiation detectors
- G01J5/12—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry using electric radiation detectors using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
- G01J2005/126—Thermoelectric black plate and thermocouple
Abstract
在适用于离心机的双热偶辐射计中,给出了一种改进的结构。改进的等温辐射测量系统是双结型系统(通常为铜—康铜—铜),并包括一个带中心腔的黑体罩。中心腔底部有一黑体盘。盘最好由在盘表面形成一个结而在罩的表面形成另一个结的铜线和康铜线悬吊起来。改进包括一组,而最好是三个确定中心的,圆形并最好有同心开孔的环状挡板。这些挡板装在置于辐射计板上的罩的开孔之中。环状挡板朝辐射源的一面涂成黑体,环状挡板背向辐射源并面向辐射计盘的一面涂有反射涂层。
Description
本发明涉及测量物体红外热发射的辐射计。公开了一个采用挡板来增强罩体与环境耦合、消除测温盘与罩体相互影响,以及限制观测立体角的改进的辐射计。
用在离心机上的辐射计是已知的。一般地说,这种辐射计是等温辐射计,它具有带测温盘的黑体罩。黑体罩的形状通常是圆柱体,并在其内部有一凹陷的圆柱形区域。一个悬吊起来的盘安在靠近黑体罩圆柱体开口底部处。盘被悬起并与一对双金属结(一般为铜-康铜-铜)电连接。金属线起双重作用,既提供通向结的电路,又提供辐射计盘的机械悬吊。将辐射计大致指向待测物体的方向就可测量辐射体的温度。在离心机情况下,待测物体是转子。见Durland等的美国专利3409212,1968,11,5。
在适用于离心机的双热偶辐射计中,提出了一种改进的辐射计结构。改进的等温辐射测量系统具有双结形式(最好是铜-康铜-铜),并包括有中心腔的黑体辐射罩。在中心腔底部有一黑体盘。该盘最好由在盘的表面形成一个结而在罩的表面形成另一个结的一根康铜线和一根铜线悬吊着。对它的改进包括一组,最好是三个确定中心的,圆形并最好是同心开孔的环形挡板。这些挡板安装在置于辐射计盘上的罩子的开孔中。环状挡板朝向辐射源的一面涂成黑体,以增强黑体罩与被测环境的热耦合。环状挡板背向辐射源并朝向辐射计盘的一面有反射涂层,以进一步减小辐射计盘和黑体罩之间的任何耦合。挡板和盘的配合使辐射计具有小的视场,这使得热辐射测量具有小的立体角,从而可忽略环境的影响。适于监测离心机转子的辐射计将在以下给出。
图1是已有的辐射计的示意图;
图2是本发明辐射计的平面图。说明了改进挡板装置,以及所公开的辐射计限制观测立体角的情况。
根据图1,说明了一个用于离心机的已有辐射计的情况。一个黑体罩B带有盘D。盘D由伸入锥形腔18内的铜线14和康铜线15安置在黑体罩B中。第二结19连到康铜线15并通过康铜引线20返折到电路22上以测定电势误差。
离心机中已有的辐射计的工作情况及其缺陷很容易明白。特别是,盘D具有相对于转子R和外罩C说来较宽的观测立体角,这样,辐射计观察到的是转子R和外罩C的共同温度。
此外,已经发现锥形孔18的侧壁引起盘D与黑体罩B的某些温度耦合。盘D最好应与黑体罩B热绝缘。如果盘D只是与转子耦合,就认为是理想状态。
参照图2,以下将讨论本发明。图2中示出黑体B1,它确定了一圆柱形孔30。
盘D1被悬起。它是由一根铜线14和一根康铜线16悬吊起来的,在它们的连接处铜线和康铜线形成结32。同样,康铜线16的另一端形成一结34,由结34铜线22通向电路(未画出)。
如在已有技术中的一样来构成盘D1。最好将其表面40涂成黑体。这样,辐射将在该表面上被吸收。在42上有反射涂层,反射涂层使盘D1与罩之间热去耦。
与已有技术相区别,三个环状挡板50,52和54置于B1的开孔30内部。这些分别的环形挡板使黑体罩B1进一步与环境耦合,使盘D1与黑体罩B1去耦,并最终向盘D1提供一个较小的观测立体角。
考虑到罩B1与环境的耦合,黑体罩的上表面60、以及环状挡板52的上表面62和环状挡板54的上表面64都被涂成黑体。这样,改善了黑体罩B1与环境的耦合。应当看到,在环状挡板50和52之间,有一黑体涂层66。这个涂层也进一步使罩与环境耦合。
环状挡板52的下表面72和环状挡板54的下表面74涂以反射涂层。这个反射涂层防止黑体罩B1与盘D1之间的热传导,这导致盘D1与罩B1去耦。
应当清楚,这样构造的辐射计具有减小了的观测立体角。图2的上面是转子R底部的示意。可以看到,盘D1的边缘81有一指向转子边缘的唯一视线82。同样,盘D1边缘83有指向转子R1的视线84。线82,84确定了盘D1观测转子R1的最大立体角。
本领域的普通技术人员将会理解,所说明的辐射计视野不必限于由线82和84所确定的立体角之内。然而,挡板50、52和54的存在确实使盘D1具有一个小的立体角,从而限制了温度辐射体的测量范围。
Claims (3)
1、一个用于测量热辐射的辐射测温装置,
包括:
一个黑体罩;
一个具有侧壁的圆柱形中心开孔;
一个悬吊在黑体中心开孔底部的辐射计盘,用于在开孔限定的角度内接收来自辐射源的热辐射;
在所说的辐射计盘上有一双金属结,在所说的罩上有一第二个双金属结;对所说的双金属结作电连接以指示所说辐射盘与外罩温差的装置;所说圆柱形孔的特征在于:
至少有一个安装在所说罩的柱状孔的侧壁上的环状挡板,挡板重叠在辐射计盘之上以形成一个内部中心开孔,环状挡板有一个向上面对辐射源的黑体表面以吸收入射辐射,环状挡板还有一个朝下对着辐射计盘的反射表面以使辐射计盘与所说环状挡板和罩体热去耦,所说环状挡板与辐射计盘一起形成一内部开孔使辐射计具有一个观测立体角,从而使辐射计基本上只接收来自辐射源的热辐射。
2、按照权利要求1的装置,其特征在于至少有一组环状挡板。
3、按照权利要求2的装置,其特征在于所说挡板之间的罩体的侧壁部分具有黑体表面。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US053,182 | 1987-05-22 | ||
US07/053,182 US4776825A (en) | 1987-05-22 | 1987-05-22 | Differential temperature measuring radiometer |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN2034687U true CN2034687U (zh) | 1989-03-22 |
Family
ID=21982461
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN88207953U Withdrawn CN2034687U (zh) | 1987-05-22 | 1988-05-21 | 改进的辐射计 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4776825A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0314774B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH0617058Y2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN2034687U (zh) |
DE (1) | DE3869734D1 (zh) |
HU (1) | HUT50386A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1988009487A1 (zh) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101201270B (zh) * | 2002-10-11 | 2010-08-18 | 汾沃有限公司 | 用于以光线处理和加工生物流体的设备、系统和方法 |
CN104338617A (zh) * | 2013-08-01 | 2015-02-11 | 上海知正离心机有限公司 | 一种在线监测管式离心机及其分离工艺 |
CN107615024A (zh) * | 2015-05-27 | 2018-01-19 | 浜松光子学株式会社 | 屏蔽板以及测定装置 |
CN107615025A (zh) * | 2015-05-27 | 2018-01-19 | 浜松光子学株式会社 | 屏蔽板以及测定装置 |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4883364A (en) * | 1988-11-14 | 1989-11-28 | Barnes Engineering Company | Apparatus for accurately measuring temperature of materials of variable emissivity |
US5549382A (en) * | 1995-04-27 | 1996-08-27 | Correia, Ii; Bernard A. | Stirrer for food preparation |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2422273A (en) * | 1942-11-28 | 1947-06-17 | Brown Instr Co | Lens type radiation pyrometer |
US2785860A (en) * | 1949-05-14 | 1957-03-19 | Honeywell Regulator Co | Measuring and controlling apparatus using a radiation pyrometer |
DE1031993B (de) * | 1957-03-11 | 1958-06-12 | Siemens Ag | Pyrometer, vorzugsweise mit Thermoelementen als Indikator und mit einer den OEffnungswinkel der einfallenden Strahlung begrenzenden Blende |
DE1573143B2 (de) * | 1965-09-03 | 1971-06-16 | Beckman Instruments Ine , Fuller ton, Calif (V St A ) | Radiometrische temperaturmessvorrichtung |
US3409212A (en) * | 1966-07-14 | 1968-11-05 | Beckman Instrumetns Inc | Apparatus for controllling centrifuge rotor temperature |
US3653263A (en) * | 1969-07-15 | 1972-04-04 | Irtronics Inc | Infrared temperature sensor and control for use with heated, moving bodies |
US4117712A (en) * | 1976-01-23 | 1978-10-03 | Armstrong Cork Company | Emissimeter and method of measuring emissivity |
US4217026A (en) * | 1978-08-25 | 1980-08-12 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Elliptic cylindrical baffle assembly |
FR2487512A1 (fr) * | 1980-07-22 | 1982-01-29 | Thomson Csf | Dispositif detecteur de rayonnement infrarouge |
US4435092A (en) * | 1980-07-25 | 1984-03-06 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Surface temperature measuring apparatus for object within furnace |
US4733079A (en) * | 1985-12-13 | 1988-03-22 | Lockheed Corporation | Method of and apparatus for thermographic identification of parts |
-
1987
- 1987-05-22 US US07/053,182 patent/US4776825A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1988
- 1988-05-02 HU HU883746A patent/HUT50386A/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-05-02 JP JP1989600005U patent/JPH0617058Y2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-05-02 WO PCT/US1988/001428 patent/WO1988009487A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1988-05-02 DE DE8888905478T patent/DE3869734D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-05-02 EP EP88905478A patent/EP0314774B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-05-21 CN CN88207953U patent/CN2034687U/zh not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101201270B (zh) * | 2002-10-11 | 2010-08-18 | 汾沃有限公司 | 用于以光线处理和加工生物流体的设备、系统和方法 |
CN104338617A (zh) * | 2013-08-01 | 2015-02-11 | 上海知正离心机有限公司 | 一种在线监测管式离心机及其分离工艺 |
CN107615024A (zh) * | 2015-05-27 | 2018-01-19 | 浜松光子学株式会社 | 屏蔽板以及测定装置 |
CN107615025A (zh) * | 2015-05-27 | 2018-01-19 | 浜松光子学株式会社 | 屏蔽板以及测定装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
HUT50386A (en) | 1990-01-29 |
DE3869734D1 (en) | 1992-05-07 |
HU201151B (zh) | 1990-09-28 |
JPH0617058Y2 (ja) | 1994-05-02 |
EP0314774A1 (en) | 1989-05-10 |
US4776825A (en) | 1988-10-11 |
JPH02500012U (zh) | 1990-03-29 |
WO1988009487A1 (en) | 1988-12-01 |
EP0314774B1 (en) | 1992-04-01 |
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