CN203463940U - Liquid ammonia leakage prevention device for denitration in thermal power plant - Google Patents
Liquid ammonia leakage prevention device for denitration in thermal power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN203463940U CN203463940U CN201320598178.1U CN201320598178U CN203463940U CN 203463940 U CN203463940 U CN 203463940U CN 201320598178 U CN201320598178 U CN 201320598178U CN 203463940 U CN203463940 U CN 203463940U
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- ammonia
- liquid ammonia
- liquefied ammonia
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a liquid ammonia leakage prevention device for denitration in a thermal power plant. The liquid ammonia leakage prevention device comprises a liquid ammonia station for storing liquid ammonia, wherein the liquid ammonia station is internally provided with fire-fighting spraying systems; a sun-shielding cover is arranged at the top of the liquid ammonia station; a plurality of fire-fighting water monitors are uniformly arranged at the periphery of the liquid ammonia station; an annular water curtain spraying system which is joined with the sun-shielding cover to form a closed space is arranged at the periphery of the sun-shielding cover. According to the liquid ammonia leakage prevention device, the water curtain spraying system is arranged and the dispersion speed of ammonia gas is controlled by using a water curtain to absorb ammonia when a liquid ammonia leakage accident happens; the concentration of the ammonia gas in the air is reduced effectively to ensure the life and property safety of enterprise production personnel and personnel around the liquid ammonia station; according to the liquid ammonia leakage prevention device, controlled measures of liquid ammonia station equipment is completed radically and the safe management of the liquid ammonia station is improved; fireproof and explosion-proof risks and environmental pollution risks, caused by sudden leakage accidents of the liquid ammonia station, are reduced to the minimum.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to security against fire field, is specifically related in a kind of thermoelectricity plant flue gas processing device for elimination and crime prevention device after the liquefied ammonia leakage of denitration.
Background technique
In thermoelectricity field, there are a lot of power plant all to use ammonia as the denitration raw material of flue gas, the ammonia wherein utilizing mainly comprises ammonia and the three kinds of modes of ammoniacal liquor that obtain after liquefied ammonia, urea pyrolysis, that wherein utilizes liquefied ammonia utilizes effect best, but the danger of liquefied ammonia is also maximum, according to national relevant laws and regulations, liquefied ammonia storage volume surpasses the critical value of 5T() liquefied ammonia station be decided to be " major hazard source ", and with the reserves at liquefied ammonia station, be generally 50M in its denitration of unit of 300MW left and right
3liquid ammonia storage tank, so the safety at liquefied ammonia station strict implement according to the rules.But, in prior art, the strick precaution at liquefied ammonia station is planned all for take precautions against in advance, for the ammonia after leaking, be only provided with conventional fire-fighting flusher, its by piping layout on ammonia tank, when ammonia leakage being detected, by the spraying head of fire-fighting spray device, to ammonia tank, spray water again, make the ammonia that leaks reach the object of control in water-soluble, but aforesaid way control range is little, while there is a large amount of ammonia leakage in the same time, can have little time reaction and be diffused into periphery, surrounding environment is worked the mischief.
Model utility content
For solving the liquefied ammonia of thermoelectricity plant in prior art, only take precautions against for the problem of taking precautions against in advance, the utility model provides a kind of crime prevention device that can carry out multilayer proofing the ammonia of stopping a leak after leaking for liquid nitrogen.Concrete scheme is as follows: a kind of thermoelectricity plant denitration A leak of liquefied ammonia crime prevention device, comprise for storing the liquefied ammonia station of liquefied ammonia, described liquefied ammonia is provided with spraying system of fire fighting in station, the top at liquefied ammonia station is provided with sky shade, it is characterized in that, the periphery at described liquefied ammonia station is evenly provided with a plurality of Fire water monitors, forms the annular spray water curtain system of enclosed space after the surrounding of described sky shade is provided with and engages with sky shade.
For finding in time A leak of liquefied ammonia: described spraying system of fire fighting comprises the ring-type spray header that is arranged on ammonia tank top and top, evaporator tank region in liquefied ammonia station, and be arranged on the nozzle that drenches with rain on spray header, in the region of ammonia tank, be provided with the sensor that detects ammonia leakage.
For reducing the concentration of leakage point liquid nitrogen: described Fire water monitor is provided with six, each Fire water monitor connects by being embedded in underground fire main, on described fire main, be provided with the valve of each Fire water monitor of isolation, each Fire water monitor be take liquefied ammonia station as basic point setting and is determined that any one leakage point is simultaneously in the operating range in two Fire water monitors.
For reclaiming the water after spray: described spray water curtain system comprises the female pipe of spray that is arranged on liquefied ammonia station sky shade outer edge, be arranged on the upper and open type of spout towards ground of the female pipe of the spray nozzle that drenches with rain, in the drench with rain spray field arranged outside of nozzle of open type, there is the cofferdam of dash, on the ground of inner side, described cofferdam, be provided with backwater ditch, described backwater ditch is connected with catch basin, and described catch basin is that the female pipe of spray supplies water by water pump.
For improving the sealing effect of spray water curtain: the female pipe of described spray is double pipe structure, between two pipes, be parallel to each other and span is 0.5-1.5 rice, the nozzle interval setting of staggering that drenches with rain of open type on two pipes, the nozzle span that drenches with rain of each open type on same pipe is 0.5-1.5 rice.
The utility model is by installing water curtain sprinkling system, when liquefied ammonia generation leakage accident, utilize water curtain to inhale the diffusion velocity that ammonia is controlled ammonia, effectively reduce the aerial concentration of ammonia, guarantee the producers of enterprise and liquefied ammonia station personnel's the security of the lives and property around, the utility model is fundamentally perfect liquefied ammonia station equipment be subject to control means, promoted the safety control at liquefied ammonia station, fire-proof and explosion-proof risk and the risk of environmental pollution that liquefied ammonia station Sudden Leakage accident can be caused are reduced to the limit.By Fire water monitor, can reduce the concentration of leakage point liquefied ammonia, make liquefied ammonia diffusion be easier to be sprayed water curtain simultaneously and absorb.The female pipe of spray of employing dicyclo setting can improve the sealing effect of water curtain, utilizes catch basin can improve the utilization ratio of spraying water.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 layout schematic diagram of the present utility model;
Attached number in the figure explanation: 1-ammonia tank, 2-spraying system of fire fighting, 3-Fire water monitor, 4-spray water curtain system, 5-sky shade, 6-catch basin, 7-fire main, 8-backwater ditch.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, thermoelectricity plant of the present utility model denitration A leak of liquefied ammonia crime prevention device, comprise for storing the liquefied ammonia station of liquefied ammonia, the surrounding at described liquefied ammonia station is provided with spraying system of fire fighting 2, the spraying system of fire fighting 2 herein arranging is the basic crime prevention devices that must arrange by national regulation, when there is ammonia leakage, can under the control of control system, start spraying head ammonia tank 1 is carried out to water mist spray, so that the ammonia leaking water-soluble in, thereby reach the object that prevents ammonia leakage, spraying system of fire fighting 2 also has the effect to ammonia tank 1 cooling simultaneously.This programme is further set up on the basis of the above Liao Er road and is prevented the counter measure that spread after ammonia leakage, periphery at liquid nitrogen station is evenly provided with many Fire water monitors 3, Fire water monitor 3 can spray a large amount of water at short notice through water curtain, to carry out point-to-point water spray for leakage point, by the impact of water, the high concentration liquefied ammonia of leakage point can be broken up and be diluted, also by water, neutralized simultaneously, the dilution ammonia not being neutralized like this can spread, thereby more easily by water curtain for fire-proof system 4, stopped and neutralize, spray water curtain system 4 in this programme can produce the effect at totally-enclosed liquefied ammonia station, top at liquefied ammonia station is generally all provided with sky shade 5, its can Leakage prevention ammonia by top, overflowed, and the spray ringwise periphery that is arranged in liquefied ammonia station of water curtain system 4, utilize the water of spray downwards to form totally enclosed cascade together, spray water curtain system 4 is enclosed in the ammonia of leakage in liquefied ammonia station together with sky shade 5, and the ammonia leaking can constantly be neutralized in the contact process with water curtain, until eliminate completely, even can not neutralize all leakage ammonias completely for the moment after adopting this programme, also can control within the specific limits leaking ammonia, Leakage prevention ammonia causes larger impact to periphery, and for stopping a leak, a little provide sufficient maintenance time.
Described spraying system of fire fighting 2 of the present utility model comprises the ring-type spray header that is arranged on ammonia tank 1 top and top, evaporator tank region in liquefied ammonia station, the nozzle that drenches with rain is installed on spray header, in the region surrounding at spray header, is provided with the sensor that detects ammonia leakage.When there is ammonia leakage, first the sensor being distributed in everywhere can detect, and when ammonia concentration acquires a certain degree, control system can be opened spray header, by the nozzle that drenches with rain of arranging around each ammonia tank 1, to ammonia tank region, spray water, eliminate all or part of leakage ammonia.Sensor also can detect the temperature of ammonia tank when detecting A leak of liquefied ammonia, and to activating the nozzle that drenches with rain, it is lowered the temperature when ammonia tank temperature surpasses certain value.
For processing targetedly, leak ammonia, described Fire water monitor 3 of the present utility model is provided with six, each Fire water monitor 3 connects by being embedded in underground fire main 7, on fire main 7, be provided with the valve of each Fire water monitor 3 of isolation, each Fire water monitor 3 be take liquefied ammonia station as around basic point is evenly distributed on it, and the concrete mounting point of each Fire water monitor can both be as the criterion in the operating range in two Fire water monitors 3 to guarantee each leakage point simultaneously.By Fire water monitor 3, can strengthen leakage point to leak the neutralization of ammonia, the liquefied ammonia of high concentration can be broken up, by separation valve door, can close the not Fire water monitor within the scope of leakage point 3, improve the efficiency of Fire water monitor 3 simultaneously.
For the recovery that guarantees to spray the sealing effect of water curtain system and facilitate spraying water, described spray water curtain system 4 of the present utility model comprises the female pipe of spray that is arranged on liquefied ammonia station sky shade 5 outer edges, be arranged on the upper and open type of spout towards ground of the female pipe of the spray nozzle that drenches with rain, in the drench with rain spray field arranged outside of nozzle of open type, there is the cofferdam of dash, on the ground, inner side in described cofferdam, be provided with the backwater ditch 8 being connected with catch basin 6, catch basin 6 is that the female pipe of spray supplies water by water pump.Spraying the edge that female pipe is adjacent to sky shade 5 is overflowed by joint to prevent ammonia, simultaneously each open type nozzle that drenches with rain can produce the spray cascade of certain limit, the drench with rain cascade of nozzle ejection of each open type interconnects and forms ammonia being completely cut off at interior water curtain an of sealing, cofferdam can be by the water management of spray within the specific limits, and spraying water is more easily got back in backwater ditch 8, the drench with rain range of scatter size of nozzle ejection water of concrete cofferdam height and open type is relevant, cofferdam height in the utility model is one meter of left and right, the drench with rain water of nozzle ejection of open type is contacted with cofferdam in middle and lower part, the closed state of same formation, after adopting cofferdam, can also prevent ammonia by the water curtain bottom effusion of bad sealing and be convenient to converging of spraying water, catch basin 6 is used to whole crime prevention device and fire gear that water source is provided, fire water after use and with ammonia in and after water all by backwater ditch 8, get back to catch basin, catch basin is that the female pipe of spray supplies water by water pump, spraying water and backwater just form a circulation like this, guaranteed the entire run of spray water curtain system.When ammonia leakage accident occurs, three-layer protection system starts, and the liquefied ammonia of leakage is absorbed formation weak aqua ammonia by spraying water episode cycle and enters into catch basin 6 by backwater ditch 8, because weak aqua ammonia is alkalescence, according to ammonia process of desulfurization principle, with water pump by the diluted aqua ammonia recovery of catch basin to desulfuration absorbing tower.The weak aqua ammonia that each accident forms while occurring as far as possible fully recovering is processed, and again in catch basin, injects enough fresh waters, makes water curtain sprinkling system in good stand-by state.Now spraying system of fire fighting also can be connected with the fire protection pipeline of whole power plant by pipeline with Fire water monitor.
For improving the sealing effect of water curtain, the female pipe of described spray of the present utility model is double pipe structure, between two pipes, be parallel to each other and span is 0.5-1.5 rice, described open type drenches with rain, and to be disposed on the female pipe of spray upper for nozzle, and each open type nozzle span that drenches with rain is 0.5-1.5 rice.On two pipes, be all provided with the open type nozzle that drenches with rain, but on two pipes, stagger mutually in the drench with rain position of nozzle of open type, the height of installing according to the female pipe of spray, the utility model adopts above-mentioned restriction numerical value, under this structure, can reach the most perfect sealing effect.The female pipe of the spray of this programme adopts steel structure support, and two pipe tube center distancees are 1.0 meters, and the open type nozzle that drenches with rain is evenly installed on the female pipe of every ring-type, and each open type injector spacing that drenches with rain is 1 meter, and 193 nozzles are installed altogether.
The theoretical foundation of the utility model based on following arranges:
Suppose that ammonia spreads with semi-spherical shape in air, utilize Ge Lahanmu law of gas diffusion-" equality of temperature is inversely proportional to the square root of depressing various gas with various diffusion velocities and gas density " to determine as follows:
Wherein: M
athe molecular weight of-ammonia, M
bthe molecular weight of-air, u
b-work as annual mean wind speed, m/s;
Try to achieve the aerial diffusion velocity u of ammonia
afor 1.95m/s,
While supposing liquid ammonia storage tank generation leakage accident, A leak of liquefied ammonia mouth diameter is 1cm, and liquid ammonia storage tank pressure is 1.6MPa, and ambient temperature is 20 ℃, and leakage hole area is A=7.85 * 10
-5m
2, according to Bernoulli's equation:
Wherein: Q
l-leak of liquid speed, kg/s; C
d-leak of liquid coefficient; A-breach area, P-container inner medium pressure, P
0-external pressure, g-gravity accleration, liquid level on h-breach, substitution data can obtain leakage rate Q=2.35kg/s.
Diffusion velocity after A leak of liquefied ammonia is very fast, supposes and after A leak of liquefied ammonia, in 1s, is full of the middle space of whole water curtain, and with orthographic projection and the spatial altitude calculating of on-the-spot sunshade outer, the size in water curtain space is:
V=24.5×15.5×3=1139.25m
3
Now the ammonia concentration in whole water curtain space is:
C
0=2.35×10
6÷V=2063.15mg/m
3
In liquefied ammonia diffusion process, absorption efficiency when first layer protection (spraying system of fire fighting on ammonia tank) gets 30%, absorption efficiency when second layer protection (Fire water monitor) gets 25%, the absorption efficiency of the Jing tri-double-deck water curtains in roads all gets 38%, after three layers of water curtain absorb, arranges into the concentration of the ammonia of atmosphere to be:
C
1=C
0-C
0×0.3-C
0×（1-0.3）×0.25-2×0.38×C
0×（1-0.3）（1-0.25）=416.36mg/m
3
After EIAA software (environmental impact assessment special-purpose software) simulation, draw: when escape water curtain is 416.36mg/m discharged to the concentration of atmosphere
3time, through being naturally diffused into the ammonia concentration value at 100 meters of, be 28mg/m
3.The safe distance standard of building according to the relevant liquefied ammonia of country station and the relevant regulations of < < Design of Industrial Enterprises sanitary standard > >, 28mg/m
3ammonia concentration value lower than MPC 30mg/m
3limit value.Three layers of water curtain are inhaled ammonia process for preventing that the control that ammonia leakage is spread from being very effective as can be seen here.
In addition, when there is accident condition, also need to consider the impact of temperature and change in concentration, wherein:
Temperature variation: during A leak of liquefied ammonia, gasification can be absorbed heat and rapid cooling, the vaporization heat of liquefied ammonia is 1166.17KJ/kg, and the water-soluble genus exothermic process of ammonia, its solution heat is 2046.12KJ/kg, it is 4.2KJ/kg that specific heat of water holds, under accident condition, water spray is very large, so ammonia course of dissolution liberated heat is very little on integrated environment impact.
Change in concentration: because ammonia is very easily dissolved in water, so the concentration of the ammoniacal liquor that forms after being absorbed by a large amount of spraying waters after leaking of ammonia can be well below the saturation concentration of ammoniacal liquor, and spraying water recycles after can collecting, and circulation absorbs.
This programme is controlled by leakage monitoring system, and described leakage monitoring system comprises and be arranged on sensor around of liquefied ammonia station and the control centre of sensor-lodging, and the leak condition that described control centre is detected according to sensor starts corresponding prevention device.When there is A leak of liquefied ammonia accident, when leakage rate surpasses definite value, leak detecting device is reported to the police and triggers water curtain sprinkling starting mode of pump, system valve door linkage, along with water curtain sprinkling, ammonia is absorbed by water curtain circulation, and when ammonia concentration is reduced to setting value, crime prevention device is automatically out of service, crime prevention device start and stop in this programme can realize automatically, also can realize the manual intervention of upper-position unit and control.In this programme, the female pipe of the spray of twin nuclei can start respectively, also can synchronously start, and the condition of startup determines according to the concentration of ammonia, as:
When liquefied ammonia station, leak when causing ammonia concentration and reaching 80ppm, interior endless tube spray system starts; Otherwise, stop transport.
When liquefied ammonia station, leak when causing ammonia concentration and reaching 100ppm, outer endless tube spray system starts; Otherwise, stop transport.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, not the utility model is done to any pro forma restriction, although the utility model with preferred embodiment openly as above, yet not in order to limit the utility model, any technician who is familiar with this patent is not departing within the scope of technical solutions of the utility model, when can utilizing the technology contents of above-mentioned prompting to make a little change or being modified to the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, in every case be the content that does not depart from technical solutions of the utility model, any simple modification of above embodiment being done according to technical spirit of the present utility model, equivalent variations and modification, all still belong in the scope of the utility model scheme.
Claims (5)
1.Yi Zhong thermoelectricity plant denitration A leak of liquefied ammonia crime prevention device, comprise for storing the liquefied ammonia station of liquefied ammonia, in described liquefied ammonia station, be provided with spraying system of fire fighting (2), the top at liquefied ammonia station is provided with sky shade (5), it is characterized in that, the periphery at described liquefied ammonia station is evenly provided with a plurality of Fire water monitors (3), forms the annular spray water curtain system (4) of enclosed space after the surrounding of described sky shade (5) is provided with and engages with sky shade (5).
2. a kind of thermoelectricity plant as claimed in claim 1 denitration A leak of liquefied ammonia crime prevention device, it is characterized in that, described spraying system of fire fighting (2) comprises the ring-type spray header that is arranged on (1) top of ammonia tank in liquefied ammonia station and top, evaporator tank region, and be arranged on the nozzle that drenches with rain on spray header, in the region of ammonia tank (1), be provided with the sensor that detects ammonia leakage.
3. a kind of thermoelectricity plant as claimed in claim 1 denitration A leak of liquefied ammonia crime prevention device, it is characterized in that, described Fire water monitor (3) is provided with six, each Fire water monitor (3) connects by being embedded in underground fire main (7), on described fire main (7), be provided with the valve of each Fire water monitor of isolation (3), each Fire water monitor (3) be take liquefied ammonia station as basic point setting and is determined that any one leakage point is simultaneously in the operating range in two Fire water monitors (3).
4. a kind of thermoelectricity plant as claimed in claim 1 denitration A leak of liquefied ammonia crime prevention device, it is characterized in that, described spray water curtain system (4) comprises the female pipe of spray that is arranged on liquefied ammonia station sky shade (5) outer edge, be arranged on the upper and open type of spout towards ground of the female pipe of the spray nozzle that drenches with rain, in the drench with rain spray field arranged outside of nozzle of open type, there is the cofferdam of dash, on the ground of inner side, described cofferdam, be provided with backwater ditch (8), described backwater ditch (8) is connected with catch basin (6), and described catch basin (6) is that the female pipe of spray supplies water by water pump.
5. a kind of thermoelectricity plant as claimed in claim 1 denitration A leak of liquefied ammonia crime prevention device, it is characterized in that, the female pipe of described spray is double pipe structure, between two pipes, be parallel to each other and span is 0.5-1.5 rice, the nozzle interval setting of staggering that drenches with rain of open type on two pipes, the nozzle span that drenches with rain of each open type on same pipe is 0.5-1.5 rice.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320598178.1U CN203463940U (en) | 2013-09-26 | 2013-09-26 | Liquid ammonia leakage prevention device for denitration in thermal power plant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320598178.1U CN203463940U (en) | 2013-09-26 | 2013-09-26 | Liquid ammonia leakage prevention device for denitration in thermal power plant |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203463940U true CN203463940U (en) | 2014-03-05 |
Family
ID=50176307
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320598178.1U Expired - Lifetime CN203463940U (en) | 2013-09-26 | 2013-09-26 | Liquid ammonia leakage prevention device for denitration in thermal power plant |
Country Status (1)
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| CN (1) | CN203463940U (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106824696A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-06-13 | 中国安全生产科学研究院 | The method that synchronous spray isolation and spraying absorption disposal freezing plant leak ammonia |
| CN107899363A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-04-13 | 中国安全生产科学研究院 | A kind of method of water spray absorption emergency disposal liquid ammonia storage tank leakage ammonia |
| CN108225981A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-29 | 天津大学 | A kind of water curtain dilution ammonia concentration forecast of distribution model for considering water curtain drop absorption ammonia mass transfer |
-
2013
- 2013-09-26 CN CN201320598178.1U patent/CN203463940U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106824696A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-06-13 | 中国安全生产科学研究院 | The method that synchronous spray isolation and spraying absorption disposal freezing plant leak ammonia |
| CN107899363A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-04-13 | 中国安全生产科学研究院 | A kind of method of water spray absorption emergency disposal liquid ammonia storage tank leakage ammonia |
| CN108225981A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-29 | 天津大学 | A kind of water curtain dilution ammonia concentration forecast of distribution model for considering water curtain drop absorption ammonia mass transfer |
| CN107899363B (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2020-01-03 | 中国安全生产科学研究院 | Method for emergency disposal of ammonia leaked from liquid ammonia storage tank through water spray adsorption |
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Granted publication date: 20140305 |
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