CN203455941U - Wireless solar irradiation data collection node - Google Patents
Wireless solar irradiation data collection node Download PDFInfo
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- CN203455941U CN203455941U CN201320573602.7U CN201320573602U CN203455941U CN 203455941 U CN203455941 U CN 203455941U CN 201320573602 U CN201320573602 U CN 201320573602U CN 203455941 U CN203455941 U CN 203455941U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a wireless solar irradiation data collection node which comprises a power supply module, a main control module, a ZigBee penetrating and transmitting module and an irradiation sensor. The wireless solar irradiation data collection node is characterized in that the ZigBee penetrating and transmitting module is used for monitoring a wireless communication channel, sending information monitored from the channel to the main control module, receiving information from the main control module and uploading the information from the main control module to an upper computer by the wireless communication channel; and the main control module is used for reading the output end of the irradiation sensor in a set sampling mode according to the information acquired by the ZigBee penetrating and transmitting module and packing and sending read data to the ZigBee penetrating and transmitting module. The wireless solar irradiation data collection node has the advantages that the running mode is concise, the transmitting mode of control information and date information is simple, the complex degree of calling of the node by the upper computer is reduced, and the reliability in running of a node is improved.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of use ZigBee wireless communication technology as data transfer means, can to solar irradiation data, carry out according to PC control instruction the data acquisition node of remote collection.
Background technology
To solar irradiation data be captured in environment, forestry, resource and field of photovoltaic power generation all tool be of great significance.Can be for the real-time change rule of solar radiation intensity, cloud layer meteorological condition, solar irradiation, photosynthesis of plant efficiency, agricultural economy plant growth situation, Forestland and grassland condition situation and photovoltaic efficiency etc. are analyzed targetedly by the solar irradiation data that collect.But due to limited conditions, part solar irradiation monitoring location is difficult to use wire transmission mode to lay monitoring node.For example, when field of forestry need to be measured the real-time irradiation value of daylight at arbor canopy top, be just difficult to lay special-purpose data line in order to connect monitoring node and host computer.The transmission range of use cable data line transmission data is subject to line length restriction, transmission line cost is higher, system maintenance is comparatively loaded down with trivial details.In addition because the cost of irradiation sensor is relatively high, when measuring employing test often, lay, test the mounting means of fetching after finishing.Traditional cable data transmission mode has also caused certain difficulty to the quick laying of monitoring node and dismounting.Because solar radiation sensor need to be placed under outdoor environment conventionally, be subject to unavoidably the impact of the environmental factors such as sleet hardships, node is easy to be damaged by extraneous factor.This also requires the cost of node will be controlled in rational scope, and wants framework to be simply easy to safeguard.
Along with the development of wireless communication technology and embedded technology, technology of wireless sensing network is increasingly mature.In recent years, the development faster that the wireless sensor network technology of employing ZigBee standard obtains.Zigbee is low-power consumption territory net (PAN) agreement based on IEEE802.15.4 wireless transmission standards.The advantage applies of ZigBee technology is simple in networking, dependable performance, energy consumption is lower, with low cost, safe reliability is high, network holds that number of nodes is many and extensibility is good.ZigBee technology has all obtained application in industry, finance, logistics, meteorology, medical treatment, mining industry and Smart Home field.Now the domestic and international manufacturers produce of existing many families the commercial data module based on Zigbee protocol, part of module can realize transparent transmission.User only needs by RS-232, SPI or I
2the data buss such as C carry out simple read-write operation to module, just can realize the transmission of data.This greatly facilitates the use to ZigBee technology.Utilize ZigBee technology can in the scope of hundreds of meters, transmit the data that are up to 250Kb/S.In conjunction with embedded technology cheaply, can be for building reliable and stable data transmission channel.Solar irradiation is affected by the factors such as solar radiation, atmospheric condition and cloud layer variation, and its pace of change is far below the message transmission rate of ZigBee and the sampling rate of common single-chip microcomputer.So adopt the technical scheme of ZigBee combination with the MCU effectively to gather and transmission solar irradiation data.
Utility model content
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of ZigBee technology that utilizes and realizes the ZigBee node equipment that solar irradiation remote data gathers and controls.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution of the utility model has been to provide a kind of wireless solar irradiation data acquisition node, comprises supply module, main control module, ZigBee transparent transmission module, irradiation sensor, it is characterized in that:
By supply module, provide constant operating voltage for main control module and ZigBee transparent transmission module, this supply module provides numerical value continuously adjustable operating voltage for irradiation sensor;
Irradiation sensor, for gathering irradiation data, the irradiation data transmission collecting is to main control module;
ZigBee transparent transmission module, for radio communication channel is monitored, monitors after the information in channel, and this information is sent to main control module; Also receive the information from main control module, this information is uploaded to host computer via radio communication channel;
Main control module, according to the information of being obtained by ZigBee transparent transmission module, reads the output terminal of irradiation sensor according to the sampling pattern of setting, and the data packing of reading is sent to ZigBee transparent transmission module.
Preferably, described main control module comprises the single chip circuit unit of built-in A/D converting unit, the main control module that the analog input end of single chip circuit unit by A/D converting unit provides supply module and the operating voltage of ZigBee transparent transmission module and the operating voltage of irradiation sensor are monitored, if the magnitude of voltage monitoring is abnormal, by ZigBee transparent transmission module, to host computer, send warning information.
Preferably, described main control module also comprises level conversion unit, described single chip circuit unit to described ZigBee transparent transmission module transmission data, is connected in series level conversion unit by USART port between this USART port and ZigBee transparent transmission module, by this level conversion unit, carries out format conversion.
Preferably, also comprise voltmeter head, by this voltmeter head, detected the numerical value of the continuously adjustable operating voltage of supply module output.
The utility model improves the data transfer mode of existing solar irradiation data acquisition system (DAS), adopts Radio Transmission Technology cheaply to replace cable data transmission mode.Improving cable data transmission line installs to system restriction, the laying of raising monitoring node bringing and removes efficiency, raising data transmission coverage distance, the reduction shifted and safeguard complexity and optimize its system cost.Reduce as far as possible on this basis complexity and the cost of design.
The utlity model has following beneficial effect:
The utility model proposes a kind of node for solar irradiation data acquisition, this node is used ZigBee Radio Transmission Technology to make its restriction of having avoided traditional cable data transmission, makes to lay and safeguards more for convenience.Node adopts CMOS single-chip microcomputer and commercial transparent transmission module cheaply to realize, and system architecture is simple, it is easy, with low cost to use.Node has three kinds of data acquisition schemes and can long-rangely arrange, and user can choose according to data acquisition demand easily.Node is monitored system power supply and sensor power supply, runs into extremely and gives the alarm to user, has reduced the risk that powerup issue brings to data acquisition.Sensor power supply can artificially be adjusted, and is convenient to mate the power demands of different model sensor.The mode of operation of node is succinct, the transformat of control information and data message is terse, and this has not only reduced the complexity that host computer calls it, has also improved the reliability of node work.
Accompanying drawing explanation
A kind of wireless solar irradiation data acquisition node structural drawing that Fig. 1 provides for the utility model;
Fig. 2 is PIC16F690 pin wiring diagram;
Fig. 3 is serial ports implementation schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is node power supply the principle figure;
Fig. 5 is node procedure process flow diagram.
Embodiment
For the utility model is become apparent, hereby with preferred embodiment, and coordinate accompanying drawing to be described in detail below.
The utility model provides a kind of wireless solar irradiation data acquisition node, and this node is divided into solar irradiation part of data acquisition, tcp data segment and system power supply monitoring part in design.Node is around the design of single-chip microcomputer cheaply, and adopts commercial transparent transmission ZigBee module as data transfer means.As shown in Figure 1, a kind of wireless solar irradiation data acquisition node that the utility model provides mainly comprises supply module, main control module, ZigBee transparent transmission module, irradiation sensor.
Main control module comprises single chip circuit unit and level conversion unit.Single chip circuit unit is the core of node, and the communication of node, data acquisition and confession pyroelectric monitor are all completed by it.In when design, should select as far as possible high-precision A/D inner integrated and the single-chip microcomputer of UART communication module.In addition the power consumption of single-chip microcomputer also will meet under the prerequisite of system requirements low as far as possible.In the present embodiment, the PIC16F690 single-chip microcomputer that single-chip microcomputer adopts Wei Xin company (Microchip) to produce, this single-chip microcomputer is for adopting 8 CMOS flash memory single-chip microcomputers of 20 pin of nanowatt technology.
The packing forms of PIC16F690 is DIP-20, and its corresponding wiring diagram as shown in Figure 2.The irradiation data of obtaining by irradiation sensor by RB4 (13, number of pins, lower with) pin input PIC16F690, and by AD sampling conversion.The RC7 of PIC16F690 (9) is used for system power supply and sensor supply voltage to monitor with RC0 (16) pin.RB5 (12) and the reception (Rx) and transmission (Tx) of RB7 (10) pin for USART.MCLR (4) pin is for the reset of single-chip microcomputer.RA0 (19) and the PICKIT downloader that RA1 (18) produces for being connected Wei Xin company, carry out program download.System clock is used the active crystal oscillator of 24MHz, and the clock signal that crystal oscillator produces is by RA5 (2) input PIC16F690.The feeder ear of PIC16F690 adopts 0.1 μ F capacitor decoupling.
The output of common irradiation sensor can be divided into simulation and two kinds of numerals.Be output as the irradiation sensor cost of analog quantity comparatively cheap and be easy to debugging, in the performance of the irradiation sensor of the prerequisite Imitating output of the built-in high-precision A/D of single-chip microcomputer, can meet the needs of most systems monitoring completely.When choosing, should preferentially choose built-in converter, be output as the irradiation sensor of linear scaling voltage signal.In the present embodiment, select DAVIS6450 irradiation sensor monitoring solar radiation.
When ZigBee transparent transmission module receives after packet, single-chip microcomputer enters corresponding handling procedure after monitoring serial start bit.ZigBee transparent transmission module can be utilized commercially available commercial module, should choose interface and be the design of RS-232 serial ports to facilitate module to connect and to replace during selection.In the present embodiment, the DTK-2617 type serial ports of selecting Shenzhen ancient cooking vessel Imtech to produce turns Zigbee wireless module, and this module can meet preferably the design and Monitoring Data be carried out to the requirement of transparent transmission.
DTK-2617 module is the transparent transmission based on Zigbee protocol, needs before use it to be configured.Its parameter that need to configure is as follows: PAN ID, channel, self ID, Target id and baud rate.User can be configured to parameter as the case may be neatly.The Configuration Values of each parameter following (sexadecimal) in the present embodiment: PAN ID-01AA, channel-20, self ID-503E, Target id-0001, baud rate-9600.Because the mode of DTK-2617 by variable-length container provides the calling interface of data transmission for user, so user can omit end code when coding.In the corresponding design of node of embodiment, when transmission data and control information, container length unification used is decided to be 5 bytes.
Between single-chip microcomputer USART port and this Zigbee wireless module, need to be equipped with level transferring chip, in the present embodiment, format conversion is carried out in being connected by MAX232 between the USART port of PIC16F690 and the RS-232 port of DTK-2617 data transmission module.In design, adopt the standard scheme of recommending in the MAX232 of Maxim company databook, as shown in Figure 3.DTK-2617 is connected with MAX232 by DB9 interface (D Connector9).
In design of node, consider the diversity requirement of irradiation sensor, single-chip microcomputer and peripheral components power supply, designed respectively power supply plan targetedly.As shown in Figure 4, irradiation sensor is used LM317 three terminal regulator to produce adjustable voltage output.By adjusting adjustable potentiometer Rv, can change the magnitude of voltage of VCC3 end.At VCC3 place, go back termination one voltmeter head, for user, observe intuitively the voltage of sensor feeder ear.Single-chip microcomputer and peripheral components are used LM1117 (5.0) to produce the supply voltage VCC of constant 5V.Input/output terminal at LM317 and LM1117 has also been laid filter capacitor.DTK-2617 is because three terminal regulator has been contained in its inside, so directly adopt the original power supply of system Vi.
Because open air power supply often adopts the modes such as sun power, supply voltage is unstable in part situation.So should add the monitoring to system power supply voltage and irradiation sensor supply voltage in design.In design, utilize the built-in A/D of single-chip microcomputer respectively system and irradiation sensor supply voltage to be monitored, if supply voltage just sends warning information so that system manager processes by ZigBee transparent transmission module below or above predefined threshold value.The form of warning information is lead code+node ID number+warning information+end code.Warning information sends rear unlatching alarm timer, after timing cycle finishes, resends warning information.The rest may be inferred, constantly moves in circles, until monitor normal power supply information or system manager's power down closed node.System power supply alarm threshold can be set as allowing the high 1-2V of minimum supply voltage, maximum power supply to allow the low 1-2V of voltage than system; Irradiation sensor power supply alarm threshold is set the demand needing with reference to concrete sensor, can be decided to be the 70%-80% that sensor power supply allows deviation value.
In embodiment, the allowed band of the supply voltage of node is 6.5V-12V, and PIC16F690 monitors this voltage by RC7.If voltage is less than 8V or is greater than 10.5V, node all will send system power supply abnormal alarm information.According to the protocol format of ZigBee module, the concrete form of system power supply abnormal alarm information is (16 system): FD+05+0001 (host computer ID)+FF AAAAAAAA.The supply voltage deviation value that DAVIS6450 allows is 2.7V-3.3V, if sensor supply voltage will send the warning of sensor abnormal electrical power supply lower than 2.8V or higher than 3.2V in embodiment.The concrete form of sensor abnormal electrical power supply warning message is (16 system): FD+05+0001 (host computer ID)+FF55555555.After sending warning message, PIC16F690 enters delay procedure opening timing device, and this delay procedure is by Timer1 timer and the nested realization of Timer2 timer in conjunction with PIC16F690 inside, and time delay length is 5 seconds.After finishing, time delay again system power supply and sensor power supply are detected.If also in abnormality, continue to send corresponding warning information.If without abnormal, return to waiting status.
In conjunction with Fig. 5, the workflow of above-mentioned wireless solar irradiation data acquisition node is:
(1) use front configuration: node is endowed a unique node ID number while being configured before use, user adjusts adjustable potentiometer Rv according to the supply voltage of irradiation sensor, make the magnitude of voltage of VCC3 end meet specific voltage requirements.User, when carrying out voltage adjustment, can observe by voltage digital gauge outfit the concrete magnitude of voltage of VCC3 end.
(2) holding state: after completing and configuring and install, node is worked on power.Node utilizes ZigBee transparent transmission module to monitor communication channel, and the supply voltage of node supply voltage and irradiation sensor is monitored.If find that the supply voltage of node supply voltage or irradiation sensor is abnormal, just by ZigBee transparent transmission module, send warning information, and stop responding any control command, until correct power supply information detected or node is closed by keeper's power down.
(3) control command receives: when ZigBee transparent transmission module monitors is after the information in channel, trigger the external interrupt of single-chip microcomputer.Single-chip microcomputer receives control command by ZigBee transparent transmission module.The form of control command data bag is lead code+node ID number+control information+end code.In control command data bag, comprise interval, activation threshold value information between sampling pattern, sampling number, each sampling.In design, adopting different lead codes to make node can distinguish the information receiving is the control information of being sent by host computer or the data of netting interior other nodes transmission.When monitoring node carries out data acquisition, can by the Working mode set of node, be single acquisition pattern, continuous acquisition pattern and threshold acquisition pattern by control command.In control information, different bits represents different mode of operations.
Control command data packet format corresponding in the present embodiment is: FD+05+503E (back end self ID)+FF+ pattern is set position (2 16 system numbers; 00-single acquisition, 01-continuous acquisition, 02-threshold acquisition)+times of collection (2 16 system numbers; Single acquisition-be made as 00; Continuous acquisition/threshold acquisition-set according to the actual requirements, setting value is 0-FF, is to the maximum 256 times)+activation threshold value (2 16 system numbers; Single acquisition/continuous acquisition-be made as 00; Threshold acquisition-is according to the actual requirements set, and setting value is 0-FF, minimum be reference voltage 1/256th)+FF.Times of collection setting parameter in control information under continuous acquisition or threshold acquisition pattern, need the data number that gathers, activation threshold value setting parameter need/how many with reference to voltage dividing potential drop to obtain threshold value.Such as reference voltage in this example is 5V, if threshold parameter is set as AE (16 systems equal metric 174), triggers so sampling threshold and be just approximately equal to 5V/174=0.02874V.After node receives control information and samples, shield the interrupt response of being sent by USART.Only, after completing sampling, just again enable USART and interrupt.
(4) control information judgement: judge according to lead code whether these data are control commands when node completes after information receives.If control command further compares the node ID number in control command and self pre-configured node ID number, whether checking is the control command sending for this node.Above twice judgement is all, in the situation of "True", to proceed to irradiation data acquisition step.If be not that control command or node ID number do not mate with the node ID number of self, do not make response, return in the snoop procedure of data channel.
(5) irradiation data acquisition: when node is confirmed, after control information, just to start data acquisition and transmitting procedure.Node is set sampling pattern according to receiving before control information, starts the output voltage of irradiation sensor to read, and mails to host computer by ZigBee transparent transmission module.Data packet format is lead code+node ID+data+end code.In each packet, contain a sampled data value.In the present embodiment, the data that node collects are beamed back host computer according to following form: FD+05+0001 (host computer ID)+data sequence number (4 16 systems, corresponding sequence number during this secondary data that corresponding host computer backward gathers; Single-0000, the actual sequence number of continuous acquisition/threshold acquisition-00+)+irradiation data (4 16 systems, deficiency the mends 0 forwardly)+verification that collects and (2 16 systems are formed with operating by sequence number and the high least-significant byte of data).
When monitoring node carries out data acquisition, can by the Working mode set of node, be single acquisition pattern, continuous acquisition pattern and threshold acquisition pattern by control command.In control information, different bits represents different mode of operations.
Single acquisition pattern: node is beamed back host computer by data after the output of irradiation sensor once being gathered to quantification by A/D port, enters afterwards holding state.
Continuous acquisition pattern: single-chip microcomputer is set respectively a counter and Timer Controlling word according to the times of collection of stipulating in control command and sampling interval.Monitoring node after often completing a data acquisition is beamed back Monitoring Data, then carries out counter and subtracts an operation.If counter overflow, executing data gathers process ends.Otherwise opening timing device, waits for and regularly finishes rear beginning sampling process next time.
In the present embodiment, under continuous acquisition pattern, node is stored in sampling setting value in the variable space, and samples according to times of collection.After often completing once sampling and data being beamed back after host computer, the sampled value in the variable space is subtracted to 1, and enter the delay procedure of a 5 seconds length.Once sampling on starting after time delay finishes.
Threshold value mode of operation lower node is exported and is monitored irradiation sensor continuously, if the variation of irradiation value has surpassed by the predefined threshold value of control command, monitoring node is just beamed back host computer by the data that collect.When the data of beaming back surpass after the predefined monitoring quantity of control command, enter data acquisition process ends.
In the present embodiment, under threshold value sampling pattern, also need sampling setting value to be stored in the variable space, each efficiently sampling complete (being greater than threshold value with the difference of last sampled value) also returns to data to carry out hits after host computer and subtract 1 and delay procedure.After time delay finishes, irradiation sensor sampled and compare with last efficiently sampling value, if difference does not surpass predefined threshold value, data do not beamed back to host computer and this sampled result is abandoned.Only, after having carried out efficiently sampling, just carry out transmit operation, and by new efficiently sampling value write register altogether efficiently sampling subsequently judge relatively.Under continuous acquisition and threshold acquisition pattern, between each sampling, also to monitor system and sensor power supply, if there is extremely, directly stop sampling and sending warning information.
User can select above three kinds of patterns by node is sent to control command according to specific needs neatly.Very poor at minority extreme case lower node externally fed voltage stability, in the sampling period of continuous monitoring or threshold monitor pattern, system or sensor supply voltage may change.For tackling this situation, can after data acquisition each time, make single-chip microcomputer additionally power supply be monitored once, according to the monitoring result selective system alarm to system power supply or continue data acquisition next time.
(6) data acquisition finishes: after data acquisition, node returns to sampling ending message to host computer.Data packet format is lead code+node ID+sampling end mark information+end code.Sampling ending message is sent posterior nodal point and opens a timer, and makes wireless communication module in listening state.When accept confirmation instruction or the timer expiry of receiving that host computer is beamed back, node enters holding state.
Claims (4)
1. a wireless solar irradiation data acquisition node, comprises supply module, main control module, ZigBee transparent transmission module, irradiation sensor, it is characterized in that:
By supply module, provide constant operating voltage for main control module and ZigBee transparent transmission module, this supply module provides numerical value continuously adjustable operating voltage for irradiation sensor;
Irradiation sensor, for gathering irradiation data, the irradiation data transmission collecting is to main control module;
ZigBee transparent transmission module, for radio communication channel is monitored, monitors after the information in channel, and this information is sent to main control module; Also receive the information from main control module, this information is uploaded to host computer via radio communication channel;
Main control module, according to the information of being obtained by ZigBee transparent transmission module, reads the output terminal of irradiation sensor according to the sampling pattern of setting, and the data packing of reading is sent to ZigBee transparent transmission module.
2. a kind of wireless solar irradiation data acquisition node as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described main control module comprises the single chip circuit unit of built-in A/D converting unit, the main control module that the analog input end of single chip circuit unit by A/D converting unit provides supply module and the operating voltage of ZigBee transparent transmission module and the operating voltage of irradiation sensor are monitored, if the magnitude of voltage monitoring is abnormal, by ZigBee transparent transmission module, to host computer, send warning information.
3. a kind of wireless solar irradiation data acquisition node as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described main control module also comprises level conversion unit, described single chip circuit unit transmits data by USART port to described ZigBee transparent transmission module, between this USART port and ZigBee transparent transmission module, be connected in series level conversion unit, by this level conversion unit, carry out format conversion.
4. a kind of wireless solar irradiation data acquisition node as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise voltmeter head, detected the numerical value of the continuously adjustable operating voltage of supply module output by this voltmeter head.
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| CN201320573602.7U CN203455941U (en) | 2013-09-06 | 2013-09-06 | Wireless solar irradiation data collection node |
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| CN201320573602.7U CN203455941U (en) | 2013-09-06 | 2013-09-06 | Wireless solar irradiation data collection node |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112584339A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-30 | 贵州乌江水电新能源有限公司 | Solar irradiation data acquisition node |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112584339A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-30 | 贵州乌江水电新能源有限公司 | Solar irradiation data acquisition node |
| CN112584339B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-07-01 | 贵州乌江水电新能源有限公司 | Solar irradiation data acquisition node |
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