CN203455134U - Fiber pressure sensor used for pressure measurement of gas compressor - Google Patents
Fiber pressure sensor used for pressure measurement of gas compressor Download PDFInfo
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- CN203455134U CN203455134U CN201320453246.5U CN201320453246U CN203455134U CN 203455134 U CN203455134 U CN 203455134U CN 201320453246 U CN201320453246 U CN 201320453246U CN 203455134 U CN203455134 U CN 203455134U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a light intensity type and optical grating type mixed fiber pressure sensor used for pressure measurement of a gas compressor. A light intensity fiber vertically irradiates on the center of an elastic foil gauge; two groups of receiving fibers are used for receiving reflected light; offset distance of the elastic foil gauge is calculated according to the ratio meter of the light intensity of the two groups of the receiving fibers; and a temperature measuring raster fiber is horizontally fixed in cylindrical metal housing and is used for measuring the temperature of the working environment so as to carry out temperature compensation. According to the utility model, the elastic foil gauge is used as a sensing element and the non-contact type light intensity fiber is used as a measuring element, so precision of pressure measurement can be effectively improved, and complexity of installation and signal receiving is reduced. At the same time, the raster fiber is used for directly measuring the temperature of the environment of the sensor, so via the temperature compensation, precise measurement of pressure is achieved, and advantages of simple structure, small size, light weight, strong interference resisting ability and high precision of the fiber senor are fully brought into play.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fiber optic sensor technology field that engine pressure is measured, be specially a kind of for the tonometric light intensity formula of pneumatic plant and raster pattern hybrid fiber pressure transducer method.
Background technology
Sensor is the important technical basis of new technology revolution and information society, becomes one of product having sold well most on international market since the mid-80.In the last few years, in power, heat, voltage, magnetic, gas, wet, the large class sensor of light seven, especially with the Fibre Optical Sensor in optical sensor, gained great popularity.
Pneumatic plant is one of core component of aeromotor, the normal operation important role of its duty to whole engine.And that the pneumatic plant of high pressure ratio is the development trend of military aero-engine is required, be again the parts that easily break down in aeromotor, and generally, pressure ratio is higher, more easily there is surge.If pneumatic plant cisco unity malfunction to such an extent as to surge occurs, may cause the catastrophic failures such as leaf destruction, structural failure, firing chamber overtemperature and engine kill, it is necessary therefore it being carried out to monitoring in real time.And in the monitoring of numerous parameters, the measurement of steady state pressure and dynamic pressure is again Focal point and difficult point wherein.Fibre optic compression sensor is than conventional pressure transducer, and it has higher sensitivity to strain, temperature, displacement etc., has again the advantages such as volume is little, lightweight, anticorrosive, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI) simultaneously.Therefore using optical fibre sensor is measured pneumatic plant pressure, for pneumatic plant pressure is reliable, accurately measures a kind of settling mode is provided.In addition, in high-acruracy survey, solving issues of temperature compensation is also the key issue of fibre optic compression sensor in practical.
The human hairs such as Zhang Lizhe of Beijing Great Wall metrological testing technology research institute understand a kind of fiber grating pull pressure sensor (Chinese patent 101586994 with temperature compensation function, on November 25th, 2009), this sensor has nine short period fiber gratings, vertical being arranged on flexible member circumference in two one group of intervals with 90 degree of eight short period fiber gratings wherein, another one grating is used as temperature compensation.This sensor is contact to pressing force measurement, optical fiber need to be arranged on flexible sheet, and this brings difficulty just may to the reception of fiber-optic signal, also makes the installation of flexible sheet and replacing become complicated simultaneously; Meanwhile, if a certain optical fiber being arranged on flexible member breaks down, will have to whole diaphragm and optical fiber to be changed; In addition, because fiber grating is not high because of its bad mechanical property, sensitivity, particularly pressure sensitivity is lower, and range is less, has therefore limited it in very many-sided application, and especially aero-engine compressor is pressed force measurement.Therefore further carry out the developing direction that contactless reflecting light strong pressure sensor also becomes fibre optic compression sensor.And the at present domestic fine pressure survey of contactless optical high light of engineering practice and the hybrid fibre optic compression sensor of grating fibers temperature compensation of not also being applied to, so theory and technology is also very weak in this respect, need to further further investigate.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters solving
The problem existing for solving prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of for the tonometric light intensity formula of pneumatic plant and raster pattern hybrid fiber pressure transducer.
Technical scheme
For the tonometric light intensity formula of pneumatic plant and a raster pattern hybrid fiber pressure transducer, it is characterized in that comprising round and elastic foil gauge 1, tubular metal-packaged shell 2, fibre-optical probe 3, thermometric grating fibers 7; At the fixing round and elastic foil gauge 1 of tubular metal-packaged shell 2 top seals, at the other end of tubular metal-packaged shell 3, be provided with through hole, fibre-optical probe 4 is placed in the vacuum chamber of tubular metal-packaged shell 2, and is drawn and transmitted and received optical fiber by through hole; Thermometric grating fibers 7 is arranged on the inwall of vacuum chamber of tubular metal-packaged shell 3; On described fibre-optical probe 3 transmit and receive optical fiber arrange for: the center of optical fiber is a launching fiber 4, launching fiber outer is arranged with the six roots of sensation and receives optical fiber and form first group of outer 12 root receiving fiber that are arranged with that receive that 5, the first groups of optical fiber receive optical fiber 6 and form second group and receive optical fiber 6; Described thermometric grating fibers 7 is provided with signal output connecting line.
Between the edge of described round and elastic foil gauge 1 and the top of tubular metal-packaged shell 2, by securing member, be connected, and scribble high-intensity sealing glue.
The axis direction of described fibre-optical probe 3 should overlap with the axis direction at round and elastic foil gauge 1 center.
Described round and elastic foil gauge 1 is selected comprehensive silicon material.
Fibre-optical probe 3 remains on 0.25mm-2.5mm with the distance of round and elastic foil gauge 1.
The outside of described tubular metal-packaged shell 2 applies high-temperaure coating.
Beneficial effect
Of the present invention for the tonometric light intensity formula of pneumatic plant and raster pattern hybrid fiber pressure transducer, light intensity optical fiber vertical irradiation is to elastic strain sheet center, and receive reflected light by two groups of reception optical fiber, by two groups of offset distances that receive the light intensity ratio calculating elastic foil gauge of optical fiber; Thermometric grating optical fiber horizontal is fixed on tubular inside of metal outershell surveying work environment temperature, in order to carry out temperature compensation.The present invention adopts elastic strain sheet as sensitive element, and application contactless optical high light fibre is as measuring sensor, and this mode can effectively improve tonometric precision, reduces the complexity that installation and signal receive.Meanwhile, the utility model adopts the direct survey sensor of grating fibers environment temperature of living in, by temperature compensation, realize the accurate measurement to pressure, fully applied the advantage that optical fibre sensor structure is simple, volume is little, lightweight, antijamming capability is strong and precision is high.
Because the present invention adopts optical fiber as the critical component of measurement and the temperature compensation of engine pressure, this sensor construction is simple, volume is little, precision is high, and adopt the distance of light intensity reflection type optical fiber measurement elastic strain sheet to reach tonometric object, adopt raster pattern optical fiber measurement sensor temperature of living in order to carry out the compensation of temperature drift simultaneously.So this sensor of short summary has the following advantages: 1, the present invention adopts elastic strain sheet as sensitive element, application contactless optical high light fibre is as measuring sensor, and this mode can effectively improve tonometric precision; 2, the present invention adopts the direct survey sensor of grating fibers environment temperature of living in, utilizes temperature compensation to realize the accurate measurement to pressure; 3, sensor construction of the present invention is simple, volume is little, lightweight, antijamming capability is strong and precision reliability is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2: the partial enlarged drawing of two circle axis light strong reflection formula optical fiber in Fig. 1;
Wherein: 1, round and elastic foil gauge; 2, tubular metal shell; 3, fibre-optical probe; 4, incident optical; 5, receive optical fiber 1; 6, receive optical fiber 2; 7, thermometric grating fibers.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described:
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention is: with reference to accompanying drawing 1, a kind of in the present embodiment comprises that for the tonometric light intensity formula of pneumatic plant and raster pattern hybrid fiber pressure transducer round and elastic foil gauge 1, tubular metal shell 2, vacuum chamber 3, incident optical 4, inner ring receive optical fiber 5, outer ring receives optical fiber 6, thermometric grating light 7.
At the fixing round and elastic foil gauge 1 of tubular metal-packaged shell 2 top seals, at the other end of tubular metal-packaged shell 3, be provided with through hole, fibre-optical probe 4 is placed in the vacuum chamber of tubular metal-packaged shell 2, and is drawn and transmitted and received optical fiber by through hole; Thermometric grating fibers 7 is arranged on the inwall of vacuum chamber of tubular metal-packaged shell 3; On described fibre-optical probe 3 transmit and receive optical fiber arrange for: the center of optical fiber is a launching fiber 4, launching fiber outer is arranged with the six roots of sensation and receives optical fiber and form first group of outer 12 root receiving fiber that are arranged with that receive that 5, the first groups of optical fiber receive optical fiber 6 and form second group and receive optical fiber 6; Described thermometric grating fibers 7 is provided with signal output connecting line.
Light intensity optical fiber vertical irradiation arrives elastic strain sheet center, and receives optical fiber reception reflected light by two groups; Thermometric grating optical fiber horizontal is fixed on tubular inside of metal outershell; The sealing of round and elastic foil gauge is fixed on tubular metal shell top; Light intensity optical fiber and grating fibers receiving cable are all positioned in vacuum chamber by tubular metal shell small hole at bottom part, and assurance is connected with metal shell sealed bottom; The light that reception optical fiber receives is handed to High Precision Photoelectric Converter by optical fiber transmission and is further processed.
The axis direction of light intensity fibre-optical probe should overlap with the axis direction of elastic strain sheet.
The distance of light intensity fibre-optical probe and elastic strain sheet remains on 0.25mm-2.5mm.
The material of selected elastic strain sheet is special composite material, and that this material has is high temperature resistant, the feature of the higher-strength limit and the higher proportion limit.
Selected tubular metal-packaged shell, the metal that thermal conductivity is good is selected in inner side, and outside adopts the metal of poor thermal conductivity and adds high-temperaure coating.
Between the edge on the edge of described elastic strain sheet and described Metal Packaging housing top, by securing member, be connected, and scribble high-intensity sealing glue, described elastic strain sheet and the internal cavities of housing form an airtight vacuum chamber.
The material of elastic strain sheet 1 is special composite material, that this material has is high temperature resistant, the feature of the higher-strength limit and the higher proportion limit, in the present invention, can select comprehensive silicon material, this is to be 0-5Mpa because the temperature of aero-engine compressor can reach 500K left and right and need the pressure of measuring.
The incident light source of the light intensity reflection type optical fiber in the present embodiment should be selected according to photoelectric commutator, selects ruddiness as light source in the present invention.And incident light is shining into sealed vacuum chamber and can gets rid of external light source and disturb the impact on sensor.
When light intensity formula of the present invention and the work of raster pattern hybrid fiber pressure transducer, when ambient pressure acts on flexible sheet, there is deformation in elastic strain sheet 1, distance generation minor alteration between incident optical probe 4 and elastic strain sheet 1 lower surface center, thus the light intensity that makes inner ring receive optical fiber 5 and 6 receptions of outer ring reception optical fiber changes; Meanwhile, the grating fibers in same temperature field can detect the variation of temperature generation and cause that the centre wavelength of optical grating reflection is offset.Therefore, can according to light intensity change and variable in distance between relation, and in conjunction with the relation between pressure and the strain of elastic strain sheet, the size of calculating institute measuring pressure; By the side-play amount of optical grating reflection centre wavelength, calculate the size of temperature of living in, thereby realize accurate measurement and the temperature compensation of pneumatic plant pressure.Concrete computation process is as follows:
Elastic strain sheet be subject to stress-strain formula as follows:
z=P/（AE） （1）
The dependent variable of z for producing in formula, the cross-sectional area that A is pressure-acting, the elastic modulus that E is selected materials, P is applied pressure.
With reference to accompanying drawing 2, according to the fibre bundle arrangement mode of two circle coaxial optical fiber probes, the light intensity that two groups of reception optical fiber are received is carried out ratio processing, can obtain the computing formula of the output characteristics modulating function of this sensor,
In formula:
M (z)---be two groups of ratios that receive fibre bundle light intensity;
I
r1---represent that first group receives light intensity/cd that fibre bundle receives;
I
r2---represent that second group receives light intensity/cd that fibre bundle receives.
By two groups of ratio M (z) that receive the light intensity of collecting fiber, can calculate the variation z that strain displacement occurs, specific formula for calculation is as follows:
Through type (3) is known, when optical fiber structure parameter incident optical with receive the distance between axles d of optical fiber, the radius a of fibre bundle optical fiber
0, optical fiber maximum incident angle θ
0one regularly, and optical fiber output characteristics is only relevant to the distance z between strain diaphragm with fiber end face, and with the reflectivity of the intensity of light source, reflecting body, the intrinsic loss of optical fiber and the factors such as added losses brought by bending are irrelevant.Therefore light intensity is carried out obtaining its ratio after opto-electronic conversion, through type (3) convolution (1) calculates the pressure of pneumatic plant.
The variation of the operating ambient temperature that can record by raster pattern optical fiber, the compensation of application neural network algorithm is because the measurement of the elastic strain sheet that temperature variation causes is drifted about.The relation that temperature changes in grating wavelength is as follows
Δλ＝(α+ξ)λΔT （4）
In formula, the thermal expansivity that α is optical fiber, the thermo-optical coeffecient that ξ is optical fiber, the variation that Δ λ is wavelength, the variation that Δ T is temperature.By the output terminal of grating fibers is connected on Wavelength demodulation instrument, can record the variation of wavelength, thereby by calculating the variable quantity of temperature, complete the design that whole light intensity formula optical fiber pressure is measured the hybrid fiber pressure transducer compensating with raster pattern fiber optic temperature.
Claims (6)
1. for the tonometric fibre optic compression sensor of pneumatic plant, it is characterized in that comprising round and elastic foil gauge (1), tubular metal-packaged shell (2), fibre-optical probe (3), thermometric grating fibers (7); At the fixing round and elastic foil gauge (1) of tubular metal-packaged shell (2) top seal, the other end at tubular metal-packaged shell (3) is provided with through hole, fibre-optical probe (4) is placed in the vacuum chamber of tubular metal-packaged shell (2), and is drawn and transmitted and received optical fiber by through hole; Thermometric grating fibers (7) is arranged on the inwall of vacuum chamber of tubular metal-packaged shell (3); On described fibre-optical probe (3) transmit and receive optical fiber arrange for: the center of optical fiber is a launching fiber (4), the outer six roots of sensation reception optical fiber that is arranged with of launching fiber forms first group of reception optical fiber (5), and first group of outer 12 root receiving fiber that are arranged with that receive optical fiber (6) forms second group of reception optical fiber (6); Described thermometric grating fibers (7) is provided with signal output connecting line.
2. according to claim 1 for the tonometric fibre optic compression sensor of pneumatic plant, it is characterized in that: between the described edge of round and elastic foil gauge (1) and the top of tubular metal-packaged shell (2), by securing member, be connected, and scribble high-intensity sealing glue.
3. according to claim 1 for the tonometric fibre optic compression sensor of pneumatic plant, it is characterized in that: the axis direction of described fibre-optical probe (3) should overlap with the axis direction at round and elastic foil gauge (1) center.
4. according to claim 1 for the tonometric fibre optic compression sensor of pneumatic plant, it is characterized in that: described round and elastic foil gauge (1) is selected comprehensive silicon material.
5. according to claim 1 for the tonometric fibre optic compression sensor of pneumatic plant, it is characterized in that: fibre-optical probe (3) remains on 0.25mm-2.5mm with the distance of round and elastic foil gauge (1).
6. according to claim 1 for the tonometric fibre optic compression sensor of pneumatic plant, it is characterized in that: the outside of described tubular metal-packaged shell (2) applies high-temperaure coating.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320453246.5U CN203455134U (en) | 2013-07-26 | 2013-07-26 | Fiber pressure sensor used for pressure measurement of gas compressor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201320453246.5U CN203455134U (en) | 2013-07-26 | 2013-07-26 | Fiber pressure sensor used for pressure measurement of gas compressor |
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| CN203455134U true CN203455134U (en) | 2014-02-26 |
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| CN201320453246.5U Withdrawn - After Issue CN203455134U (en) | 2013-07-26 | 2013-07-26 | Fiber pressure sensor used for pressure measurement of gas compressor |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103411727A (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2013-11-27 | 西北工业大学 | Optical pressure senor for measuring pressure of compressor and measuring method of optical pressure sensor |
| CN110530277A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-12-03 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of anti-dust optical fiber sensing probe of wide range for measuring blower air gap |
-
2013
- 2013-07-26 CN CN201320453246.5U patent/CN203455134U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103411727A (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2013-11-27 | 西北工业大学 | Optical pressure senor for measuring pressure of compressor and measuring method of optical pressure sensor |
| CN103411727B (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2015-08-05 | 西北工业大学 | For the tonometric fibre optic compression sensor of pneumatic plant and measuring method thereof |
| CN110530277A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-12-03 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of anti-dust optical fiber sensing probe of wide range for measuring blower air gap |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20140226 Effective date of abandoning: 20150805 |
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| RGAV | Abandon patent right to avoid regrant |