CN203426456U - Large-size precise direct-driven main shaft structure of NC (Numerical Control) lathe - Google Patents
Large-size precise direct-driven main shaft structure of NC (Numerical Control) lathe Download PDFInfo
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- CN203426456U CN203426456U CN201320445643.8U CN201320445643U CN203426456U CN 203426456 U CN203426456 U CN 203426456U CN 201320445643 U CN201320445643 U CN 201320445643U CN 203426456 U CN203426456 U CN 203426456U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a large-size high-speed precise direct-driven main shaft structure in an NC (Numerical Control) lathe, which relates to the technical field of mechanical engineering. The large-size high-speed precise direct-driven main shaft structure comprises a main shaft structure and a high-speed precise direct-driven NC lathe main shaft unit, wherein the main shaft structure is organically combined with a hydraulic dynamic-static pressure technology and an electric main shaft technology, and the high-speed precise direct-driven NC lathe main shaft unit is capable of realizing a large-size hydraulic hybrid bearing and is internally provided with an electric motor; the electric motor is arranged between a front hydrostatic bearing and a rear hydrostatic bearing. According to the large-size high-speed precise direct-driven main shaft structure disclosed by the utility model, the bearing span of a main shaft is enlarged, the main shaft is only in bearing with a circumferential rotating torque without a radial driving force as the external force action of an intermediate transmission link does not exist when the electric motor drives the main shaft to rotate, the high-speed running of the main shaft is more stable as no intermediate transmission impact exists, and the accuracy of processing parts is high; a sealing structure in circumferential and uniform distribution type and multi-point air outlet is uniform in pneumatic pressure and good in sealing effect; by adopting the large-size high-speed precise direct-driven main shaft structure, the rotating speed is high, the accuracy is high, the rigidity is large, the noise is low, the service life is long, the working stability is good, the working reliability is high, and the large-size high-speed precise direct-driven main shaft structure can be used for a precise processing machine and a main shaft of a high-speed and high-accuracy device.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of larger specification high speed precise direct-driving formula main axle structure on full function CNC turning machine that can be applicable to of mechanical engineering technical field.
Background technology
Digit Control Machine Tool is the main product of machine tool industry, and high-speed precision digital control lathe is technical foundation and the development trend of domestic and international equipment manufacture, is the strategic industry of equipment manufacture.The service behaviour of high-speed precision digital control lathe, depends on the performance of one of its critical component main shaft, and high speed and precision axis system is one of Digit Control Machine Tool key technology.
At present, at home and abroad in numerically controlled lathe, in high speed and precision main axle unit, main application is rolling bearing, but that these bearings and dynamic and hydrostatic bearing are compared bearing capacity is little, and precision is low, and service life is short.Though have part to use external or the built-in dynamic/static piezoelectric main shaft structure of Hydrodynamic and-static Bearing, gas dynamic and hydrostatic bearing and magnetic suspension bearing, there are many problems in this class formation in design and manufacture or practical application.For outlet structure, axial dimension is large, easily causes load unbalance loading, causes main shaft stressing conditions poor, is unfavorable for improving speed of gyration and precision; For built-in structure, cooling or sealing effectiveness is bad, easily cause the temperature rise of electric main shaft too high or pollute, be also unfavorable for improving speed of gyration.Their common feature is by traditional dynamic and static pressure main shaft and built-in motor simple combination, but can not meet the requirement of full function CNC turning machine turning part.For numerically controlled lathe, main axle unit require than grinding machine harshness many, it requires velocity interval wide, can rotating, front end is provided with large diameter main-shaft head structure, therefore needs the structure of appropriate design dynamic and hydrostatic bearing and the layout of axle system, and solves cooling and sealing problem.
In order to improve spindle speed and operating accuracy, dynamic and hydrostatic bearing built-in type spindle motor unit just becomes preferably one of selection of numerical control lathe main axle system.
Find by prior art documents, China Patent Publication No. CN101060262, this denomination of invention is: built-in type hybrid motor spindle.The part readme content of this patent is: " a kind of built-in type hybrid motor spindle, fore bearing is installed in housing front end, rear bearing block is connected with housing rear end, rear bearing is installed in rear bearing block, the two ends of main shaft are supported on respectively in fore bearing and rear bearing, motor stator and rotor are installed in the middle part of main shaft, rear bearing rear end installing thrust bearing, thrust bearing is fixed on main shaft by locking nut, thrust bearing rear end is provided with rear end cap, rear end cap is fixed on rear bearing block, between thrust bearing front end and rear bearing, be provided with front splaying, between thrust bearing rear end and rear end cap, be provided with rear splaying, front splaying is filled with fluid media (medium) in Yu Hou splaying.This built-in type hybrid motor spindle can be realized machine tool high speed Precision Machining, and it has the remarkable advantages such as good, the low cost of manufacture of assembling maintenance process, long service life, rational in infrastructure, good cooling results." this patent is arranged at rear bearing rear end by thrust bearing, thrust surface and main shaft split are manufactured, although be convenient to maintenance, this structure is difficult for guaranteeing the perpendicularity of thrust surface and main shaft, and main shaft can only extend forward during thermal deformation, and then affects the operating accuracy of main shaft.Therefore, the main axle structure of this patent is not applicable for the higher Digit Control Machine Tool of the axial required precision of the main shafts such as lathe.On the other hand, the dynamic and hydrostatic bearing hermetically-sealed construction of this patent is the sealing of plough groove type natural back flow, and this structure is difficult to sealing or reclaims mist of oil oil gas when larger specification dynamic and hydrostatic bearing high speed rotary.China Patent Publication No. CN201303269Y, this denomination of invention is: electric main shaft Full-enclosed oil mist/oil gas retracting device.The part readme content of this patent is: " on the architecture basics of existing electric main shaft; the end at electric main shaft arranges end cap; the connecting portion of this end cap and main shaft is seal gas ring; be provided with Compressed Gas air flue and annular gas tank on end cap; Compressed Gas air flue is communicated with external air source through air inlet air flue, its outlet side is communicated with ring-like air flue and seal gas ring respectively.The utility model adopts the stifled method of ring-like air drain gas that oil mist/oil gas is sealed in to main shaft inside, and recyclable oil mist/oil gas in the high speed running performance that guarantees electric main shaft, has eliminated pollution, avoids waste." this patent air-tight structure is a seal style that air admission hole enters ring-like groove, this structure atmospheric pressure on circumference is inhomogeneous, sealing effectiveness is poor.
In further literature search, not yet find identical with the utility model theme " large sized precise direct-driving main shaft structure " or similarly report.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to design the large sized precise direct-driving main shaft structure of a kind of numerically controlled lathe, Hydrodynamic and-static Bearing technology and electric spindle technology are organically combined, application air-tight structure, thrust bearing structure is arranged to main shaft front portion, solved the deficiency in dynamic and hydrostatic bearing motor built-in type spindle technology, realized the larger specification high speed of numerically controlled lathe accurate main shaft structure, not only can guarantee the rotating accuracy that main shaft is very high, rigidity and rotating speed, and simple in structure, number of spare parts is few, can greatly reduce the mechanical processing difficulty of main spindle box body bearing or bearing block installing hole, cut down finished cost, improve integrally-built service life with the operability of Shi Practice application.
Specifically, the large sized precise direct-driving main shaft structure of a kind of numerically controlled lathe, comprises main spindle box body, main shaft, front hydrostatic bearing, rear bearing block, rear hydrostatic bearing, motor rotor, motor stator; Front hydrostatic bearing external diameter coordinates with the hole of main spindle box body, and its internal diameter coordinates with main shaft external diameter; Rear hydrostatic bearing external diameter coordinates with rear bearing block endoporus, and its internal diameter coordinates with main shaft external diameter; Motor rotor, motor stator are loaded between forward and backward hydrostatic bearing, and stator is connected by electric main shaft stator flange and main spindle box body, and its external diameter coordinates with main spindle box body opening; Before being provided with thrust ring and locking nut making between front hydrostatic bearing and main shaft, between hydrostatic bearing front end and the large shoulder face of main shaft, form static-pressure oil chamber as one side static pressure thrust bearing; Locking nut, thrust ring and front hydrostatic bearing rear portion and main shaft form a pre-tightening mechanism; Main shaft circumference is equipped with sealing ring outward, and the hermetically-sealed construction that sealing ring adopts circumference uniform distribution type multiple spot to give vent to anger, described hermetically-sealed construction comprises air admission hole, circumference uniform distribution type multiple spot air admission hole, interior ring and outer shroud air drain, and interior ring and outer shroud air drain comprise between main spindle box body and sealing ring air drain between air drain and main shaft and sealing ring.
The utility model is mainly contained following technology contents:
1) Hydrodynamic and-static Bearing technology and built-in type electricity spindle technology and structure;
2), in Hydrodynamic and-static Bearing technology, be arranged at the thrust bearing structure of main shaft front portion;
3) radial pattern multiple spot air-out type air-tight structure.
The technical solution of the utility model feature is: front hydrostatic bearing external diameter coordinates with main spindle box body opening, internal diameter coordinates with main shaft external diameter; Between front hydrostatic bearing and main shaft, be provided with thrust ring; Rear hydrostatic bearing external diameter coordinates with rear bearing block endoporus, internal diameter coordinates with main shaft external diameter; Motor layout is between forward and backward hydrostatic bearing; Each respective aperture in main spindle box body, as hydrostatic bearing into and out of the gentle pore that is sealed into of hydraulic fluid port, electric main shaft cooling fluid liquid inlet and outlet.
Motor rotor coordinates with main shaft external diameter, is loaded between forward and backward hydrostatic bearing, and stator is connected by electric main shaft stator flange and main spindle box body, and its external diameter coordinates with main spindle box body opening.This direct-drive type structure has strengthened design of spindle bearings distance, and frame for movement is more simple, and rotary inertia is little, thereby fast-response is good.During the rotation of Motor Drive main shaft, owing to there is no the External Force Acting of intermediate transmission link, main shaft does not bear radial drive power, only bears the power of rotating in a circumferential direction, the unbalance loading of not loading, and main shaft high-speed cruising does not have intermediate transmission to impact and more steady, and rotating accuracy is higher.
Purify air and enter from main spindle box body air inlet, by structures such as corresponding gas circuit and sealing rings, realized the effective isolation between hydrostatic bearing hydraulic oil and inner electric machine and cooling fluid, and the leakage of hydraulic oil and the effective sealing of recovery place.The external oil pumping pipeline in main spindle box body hydraulic oil exit, the mist of oil producing during main shaft high speed rotary and the pumpback timely of leakage oil are to Hydraulic Station, and box house also can not produce negative pressure.
Between the large shoulder face of front hydrostatic bearing front end and main shaft, forming static-pressure oil chamber, is one side static pressure thrust bearing; Locking nut, thrust ring and front hydrostatic bearing rear portion and main shaft form a pre-tightening mechanism, its pretightning force and rotating speed are irrelevant, all the time with the pressure balance of thrust bearing, effectively overcome the effect of centrifugal force, the kinematic accuracy of very large raising thrust bearing, makes main shaft can bear axial force in bearing radial force.
Dynamic and hydrostatic bearing is monolithic construction, and bearing and box body hole contact area are large, for being rigidly connected, makes oil film rigidity obtain fully playing utilization; During main shaft High Rotation Speed, bearing oil pocket is interior due to alias self-assembling formation dynamic and static pressure carrying oil film, bearing becomes the hydrodynamic sliding bearing with static pressure pressure field, and oil film rigidity is the stack of bearing static rigidity and dynamic rate, makes main shaft have very strong radial and axial bearing capacity; " homogenizing " effect of pressure film can make spindle rotation accuracy higher than machining accuracy and the surface roughness of axle journal, improves the rotating accuracy of machine tool chief axis, and can use continuously for many years and do not need repairing.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
1. motor is loaded between forward and backward hydrostatic bearing, and the contraction in length of main drive chain is zero, has realized " zero transmission " of lathe, rationally distributed, compact conformation;
2. adopt hydrodynamic and hydrostatic pressure technology, precision is high, rigidity is large, noise is low, the life-span is long, absorbing performance is good, and job stability and reliability are high, can be used for the main shaft of precision processing machine and high speed, high precision apparatus.
3. this main axle structure has been applied to actual production, realized larger specification high speed precise direct-driving main axle unit for numerically controlled lathe, its hydrodynamic journal liquid polymers diameter phi 160 mm, inner electric machine power 67.4 Kw, maximum speed 5000 r/min, main shaft circular runout 0.0005 mm, axial runout 0.001 mm.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structure diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is II part enlarged drawing in Fig. 1.
In figure, each part is: 1. main spindle box body, 2. main shaft, 3. front hydrostatic bearing, 4. rear bearing block, 5. rear hydrostatic bearing, 6. motor rotor, 7. thrust ring, 8. locking nut, 9. motor stator, 10. forward flange, 11. sealing rings, 12. electric main shaft stator flanges.The import of A-hydraulic oil, the outlet of B-hydraulic oil, C-hydraulic fluid leak mouth.
Fig. 3 is air-tight structure sketch of the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is the side view of Fig. 3.
Reference numeral: D-air inlet, E-multiple spot air inlet, F-air drain.
The specific embodiment
As Fig. 1-4 have provided the utility model specific embodiment.
In structure diagram 1-2, main spindle box body 1 is the static pressure chamber that main structure hydraulic oil oil-in enters forward and backward hydrostatic bearing, form static pressure oil film, main spindle box body bottom inner chamber is supporting member, between main shaft 2 and front hydrostatic bearing 3, rear hydrostatic bearing 5, form static pressure chamber, hydraulic oil, by hydraulic fluid leak chamber on main spindle box body, is flowed out and is leaked fluid by its hydraulic oil outlet.Motor is power-driven system, is placed between forward and backward hydrostatic bearing, and drive shaft 2 is rotated and worked.It is characterized in that: adopt this large specification precise direct-driving main shaft, it is workable that simple in structure, rationally distributed Shi Practice applies, good operating stability, reliability are high, rotating speed is high, precision is high, noise is low, can manufacture Hydrodynamic and-static Bearing, high speed and precision direct-drive type main axle unit that main axle structure is larger.
Motor is loaded on the direct-drive type structure between forward and backward hydrostatic bearing, owing to there is no the External Force Acting of intermediate transmission link, during main shaft rotation, do not bear radial drive power, only bear the moment that rotates in a circumferential direction, high-speed cruising does not have intermediate transmission to impact and more steady, and processing parts precision is higher.
Fig. 3-4th, air-tight structure sketch of the present utility model.In figure, Purge gas enters from main spindle box body air inlet, by the structures such as sealing ring on corresponding gas circuit and forward and backward hydrostatic bearing, wherein seal ring structure is that circumference uniform distribution type multiple spot is given vent to anger and interior ring, outer shroud tank structure (being not the hermetically-sealed construction that a common air admission hole enters ring-shaped groove), this structure atmospheric pressure on circumference is even, good sealing effect, realized the effective isolation between hydrostatic bearing hydraulic oil and inner electric machine and cooling fluid, and the leakage of hydraulic oil and the effective sealing of recovery place.
Claims (1)
1. large specification high speed precise direct-driving main axle structure, is characterized in that comprising main spindle box body (1), main shaft (2), front hydrostatic bearing (3), rear bearing block (4), rear hydrostatic bearing (5), motor rotor (6), motor stator (9); Front hydrostatic bearing (3) external diameter coordinates with the hole of main spindle box body (1), and its internal diameter coordinates with main shaft (2) external diameter; Rear hydrostatic bearing (5) external diameter coordinates with rear bearing block (4) endoporus, and its internal diameter coordinates with main shaft (2) external diameter; Motor rotor (6), motor stator (9) are loaded between forward and backward hydrostatic bearing, and stator is connected by electric main shaft stator flange and main spindle box body, and its external diameter coordinates with main spindle box body opening; Make to form static-pressure oil chamber as one side static pressure thrust bearing between front hydrostatic bearing front end and the large shoulder face of main shaft being provided with thrust ring (7) and locking nut (8) between front hydrostatic bearing (3) and main shaft (2); Locking nut, thrust ring and front hydrostatic bearing rear portion and main shaft form a pre-tightening mechanism; Main shaft (2) circumference is equipped with sealing ring (11) outward, and the hermetically-sealed construction that sealing ring (11) adopts circumference uniform distribution type multiple spot to give vent to anger, described hermetically-sealed construction comprises air admission hole D, circumference uniform distribution type multiple spot air admission hole (E), interior ring and outer shroud air drain (F), and interior ring and outer shroud air drain (F) comprise between main spindle box body (1) and sealing ring (11) air drain between air drain and main shaft (2) and sealing ring (11).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320445643.8U CN203426456U (en) | 2013-07-24 | 2013-07-24 | Large-size precise direct-driven main shaft structure of NC (Numerical Control) lathe |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320445643.8U CN203426456U (en) | 2013-07-24 | 2013-07-24 | Large-size precise direct-driven main shaft structure of NC (Numerical Control) lathe |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203426456U true CN203426456U (en) | 2014-02-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320445643.8U Withdrawn - After Issue CN203426456U (en) | 2013-07-24 | 2013-07-24 | Large-size precise direct-driven main shaft structure of NC (Numerical Control) lathe |
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| CN (1) | CN203426456U (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103394711A (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2013-11-20 | 宝鸡忠诚机床股份有限公司 | Large-size precise direct-drive spindle structure of numerical-control lathe |
| CN104174880A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2014-12-03 | 江苏星晨高速电机有限公司 | Non-contact hollow water draining device applied to horizontal type electric spindle and used for replacing rotary joint |
| CN110744076A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2020-02-04 | 发那科株式会社 | Spindle device |
-
2013
- 2013-07-24 CN CN201320445643.8U patent/CN203426456U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103394711A (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2013-11-20 | 宝鸡忠诚机床股份有限公司 | Large-size precise direct-drive spindle structure of numerical-control lathe |
| CN103394711B (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2016-06-15 | 宝鸡忠诚机床股份有限公司 | Large-size precise direct-drive spindle structure of numerical-control lathe |
| CN104174880A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2014-12-03 | 江苏星晨高速电机有限公司 | Non-contact hollow water draining device applied to horizontal type electric spindle and used for replacing rotary joint |
| CN110744076A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2020-02-04 | 发那科株式会社 | Spindle device |
| US11052503B2 (en) | 2018-07-23 | 2021-07-06 | Fanuc Corporation | Spindle device |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20140212 Effective date of abandoning: 20160615 |
|
| C25 | Abandonment of patent right or utility model to avoid double patenting |