CN203304574U - Multifunctional built-in dynamic and static pressure electric spindle for efficient high-speed precision machine tool - Google Patents

Multifunctional built-in dynamic and static pressure electric spindle for efficient high-speed precision machine tool Download PDF

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Publication number
CN203304574U
CN203304574U CN2013202971294U CN201320297129U CN203304574U CN 203304574 U CN203304574 U CN 203304574U CN 2013202971294 U CN2013202971294 U CN 2013202971294U CN 201320297129 U CN201320297129 U CN 201320297129U CN 203304574 U CN203304574 U CN 203304574U
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China
Prior art keywords
main shaft
bearing
dynamic
static pressure
built
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN2013202971294U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
丁振乾
于永军
曹召东
张学明
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SHANGHAI CREATOR PRECISION MACHINE TOOL SPINDLE Co Ltd
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SHANGHAI CREATOR PRECISION MACHINE TOOL SPINDLE Co Ltd
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Publication of CN203304574U publication Critical patent/CN203304574U/en
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Abstract

The utility model relates to a multifunctional built-in dynamic and static pressure electric spindle for an efficient high-speed precision machine tool. The multifunctional built-in dynamic and static pressure electric spindle comprises a shell, a spindle body, bearings, an oil sealing cover, a motor rotor, a motor stator and the like. The front bearing is arranged at the right end of the shell, the front bearing and the spindle body form a static pressure thrust bearing, the inner surface of the front bearing is provided with a static pressure oil cavity, the large diameter part of the inner surface is matched with a pre-tightening piston, the rear bearing is mounted in a rear bearing pedestal, the motor rotor is arranged between the front bearing and the rear bearing, the outer cylindrical surface of the motor stator is tightly matched with a water jacket, the water jacket is matched with a hole in the middle of the shell, the water jacket is connected with the shell, the rear bearing is sealed by an air sealing ring, the sealing of the front bearing is achieved through the oil sealing cover and an air sealing hole in the rear end, the two ends of the motor rotor are provided with heat shield devices, and other different devices can be arranged on the spindle body according to different use conditions. The multifunctional built-in dynamic and static pressure electric spindle for the efficient high-speed precision machine tool can be used for grinding wheel spindles or workpiece spindles of precision lathes or turn milling centers or grinding machines, and has the advantages of being high in precision, high in rigidity, long in service life, good in manufacturing technology, good in sealing effect and the like.

Description

A kind of formula of Multifunction internal for efficient high-speed precision machine tool dynamic/static piezoelectric main shaft
Technical field
The utility model belongs to machine tool field, particularly relates to a kind of formula of Multifunction internal for efficient high-speed precision machine tool dynamic/static piezoelectric main shaft.
Background technology
Along with scientific and technical develop rapidly, the requirement of machinery manufacturing industry is improved day by day, require lathe to high accuracy, high efficiency, high speed future development.Requirement as the core kinetic energy parts of high accuracy, efficient lathe improves day by day to machine tool chief axis.In order to meet high-speed requirement, the electric main shaft of main shaft directly being loaded onto to rotor progressively replaces the bel-drivenn main shaft and obtains increasing application.
As the bearing that determines the motion of main shaft precision, be divided into rolling bearing and the large class of sliding bearing two by the friction type, sliding bearing is divided into again hydrodynamic bearing, hydrostatic bearing and dynamic and hydrostatic bearing.
The defect of rolling bearing is that vibration resistance is poor, restricted and the easy wearing and tearing of precision, when the hydrodynamic bearing advantage was high speed, the large and shortcoming of bearing capacity was to start to contact when stopping and easy to wear, the characteristics of hydrostatic bearing are that oil film separates the relative sliding face fully, high accuracy, high-bearing capacity, high vibration resistance and long-life advantage are arranged and be used widely in machine-tool industry, dynamic and hydrostatic bearing has more high-performance and energy conservation and more rising as the advantage of the comprehensive dynamic pressure of hydrostatic bearing development and hydrostatic bearing.
At present to using rolling bearing commonplace as what support for the electric main shaft of application, but because above-mentioned shortcoming can not meet the demands on high precision machine tool, exploitation static pressure, dynamic/static piezoelectric main shaft are large important topics of machine-tool industry.
The electricity main shaft is divided into external and built-in two classes by the position of rotor, external claims that again cantilevered is the outer end that rotor is placed in the two bearings of main shaft, built-in is that rotor is placed between two bearings, the characteristics of external are good manufacturability simple in structure, shortcoming is that axial dimension is too large, and during High Rotation Speed, the upper outside outstanding quality of axle is large, large to the load of vibration effect and bearing, built-in characteristics are that the main shaft size is little, the load of bearing is little, good anti-vibration, but complex structure, weak heat-dissipating.
Dynamic pressure electricity main shaft the earliest is the grinding wheel spindle that is applied to surface grinding machine, and its rotating speed is fixed, afterwards development frequency converter, the multiplex SERVO CONTROL of present electric main shaft.
Although also occur making support with static pressure, dynamic and hydrostatic for the electric main shaft of high-grade lathe, but its structure is mostly purely rolling bearing to be changed into to the citation form of static pressure or dynamic and hydrostatic bearing, situation for external just replaces belt pulley with rotor on the basis of former hydrostatic spindle, for built-in structure, motor is being arranged between two journal bearings on the basis of former hydrostatic spindle, thrust bearing is the end that opposed plane bearing is placed on main shaft, and seal form also stays in clearance seal or reinforced seal.
The common disadvantage existed for the dynamic and static pressure main shaft of said structure is: the poor performance of end face thrust bearing, due to the Accuracy of part processing and assembling, can not reach high request, centrifugal force during high speed can not finely keep thrust bearing oil pocket pressure, can not guarantee for the sealing of cooling fluid and fluid.For the main shaft that flange is arranged such as lathe or with the grinding machine spindle of built-in dynamic balance instrument, as very greatly structurally very difficult realization that the thrust bearing size certainly will be done by this structure, its brake gear of situation that needs main shaft to be parked in to process on a certain position for turning milling center or grinding machine workhead except this is a difficult point often, in order to address the above problem, we have developed Novel electric spindle in high-grade numerical control problem, and he can be applied to the main shaft of lathe, turning milling center, grinding machine and the Multifunction internal formula dynamic/static piezoelectric main shaft of workpiece spindle.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of formula of Multifunction internal for efficient high-speed precision machine tool dynamic/static piezoelectric main shaft, to improve main shaft precision, bearing capacity, the range of speeds and sealing property.
The technical scheme that its technical problem that solves the utility model adopts is: provide a kind of multi-function motor built-in dynamic/static piezoelectric main shaft, comprise casing, oil sealing cap, main shaft, balancing head, emery wheel, fore bearing, the pretension piston, front heat shielding ring, locking nut, motor stator, rotor, water jacket, the stator retainer ring, the after heat shading ring, the first airtight seal ring, rear bearing block, rear bearing, the second airtight seal ring, rotary encoder, the dynamic balancing receiver, guard shield, described casing are provided with the inner chamber that a level connects, in inner chamber before, in, back segment is separately installed with fore bearing, water jacket, rear bearing block, water jacket is by stator retainer ring and the casing location at two ends, and on the water jacket internal diameter, interference fit has motor stator, and O type circle is equipped with at water jacket internal diameter two ends, on the motor stator internal diameter, rotor is installed, and rear bearing, fore bearing are installed in rear bearing block, in the common cavity formed of rotor and rear bearing, main shaft is installed, the first airtight seal ring and the second airtight seal ring also are equipped with respectively in the rear bearing two ends, on the front-end of spindle head, flange is arranged, the stairstepping that the external diameter of flange tapers off from front to back, on every grade of ladder from front to back respectively with the pretension piston, front heat shielding ring, locking nut, rotor and after heat shading ring coordinate to be installed.
Described casing top is established air supply channel A, to journal bearing and plunger shaft channel B, front end thrust bearing controllable pressure oil channel C, motor stator jacket water import D, motor stator jacket water, is exported E and lubricating oil return passage F for pressure oil, and each import and export all is connected to the lathe outside by the road.
Before, during and after in described inner chamber, section is installed fore bearing, water jacket, rear bearing block by mating holes and each fixed screw holes respectively.
Described front-end of spindle head overcoat has oil sealing cap, and the follower head overcoat of main shaft has rotary encoder, on the casing in the follower head outside of main shaft, guard shield is installed.
Described main shaft inside is equipped with the dynamic balancing receiver.
Described fore bearing has the stairstepping inner surface, and front end inner cylinder face and the main shaft of fore bearing match, and fore bearing rear end face inner cylinder face and pretension piston match, and in two cylinders had a common boundary, circular bead surface and pretension piston end surface had space.
Beneficial effect
Structure of the present utility model compared with prior art has following advantage:
The utility model adopts the mode of axial single face static pressure thrust bearing and piston pretension can effectively improve the axially-movable precision, this is because the kinematic accuracy of the opposed thrust bearing of static pressure depends on the perpendicularity of two thrust surfaces and main shaft and both depth of parallelisms to main shaft, and bearing is also required to the perpendicularity of two thrust surfaces and axis hole and the mutual depth of parallelism.The depth of parallelism of these four faces is to be difficult to guarantee in production practices, cause thrust bearing often can not than under work in the liquid resistance required, and liquid hinders than being an important parameter, for given flow controller, an optimum value is arranged.For two-sided opposed thrust hydrostatic bearing, require and the corresponding oil film thickness of throttle resistance on the other hand, because the error that affects reality of being manufactured with assembly precision is very large, these all affect kinematic accuracy and the bearing capacity of thrust bearing.The combination of single face thrust and piston pretension in fact only need not guarantee that precision just can reach high accuracy and high-bearing capacity by thrust surface on the thrust surface perpendicularity on the shaft shoulder and bearing because piston end does not affect precision, simultaneously according to the principle of dynamic balance as long as the area of appropriate design thrust bearing effective area and piston end just can guarantee the static pressure thrust bearing optimum Match, be that the main shaft axial property is in optimum state, because the piston end surface space all brings great convenience to the requirement of manufacturing assembling greatly.Even due to the centrifugal action flow loss, increase, also can automatically regulate oil film thickness and guaranteed performance is constant by the effect of pretension piston when High Rotation Speed.
Air-tight structure can prevent effectively that entering of outer Jie's impurity and fluid from flowing out, and especially when high speed, often forms mist of oil shape particle and crosses clearance seal and easily enter electric machine rotor.
The dynamic and static pressure oil pocket of journal bearing is designed to two-way type, can be used for the high range of speeds and changes direction of rotation.
The heat shielding device at motor stator two ends can greatly reduce the heat radiation of motor generation to hydrostatic bearing.
Another characteristics of the present utility model are multipurposes of structure, and this has been avoided in the traditional liquid static-pressure shafting thrust bearing is placed in the fore bearing outside and has limited the application of lathe spindle with large end flanges etc.Can pass through simultaneously to control the pressure of single face static pressure thrust bearing by the situation of main shaft brake applications in turning milling center and grinding machine workhead.
The utility model also has good structural manufacturing process in addition, not only to the good process of the process and assemble of thrust bearing, and rear bearing is placed in to rear bearing block, and bearing block and casing have good positioning datum, are convenient to the installation of stator.
The utility model is applied to the first-selected large-scale precision lathe of high-grade degree digital control lathe, main shaft diameter phi 160mm, and power of motor 80kw, rotating speed 5000rpm, in its motion of main shaft precision 0.5 μ m, without oil leakage phenomenon, reach the tackling key problem requirement.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the utility model structure chart
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the utility model.Should be understood that these embodiment only are not used in restriction scope of the present utility model be used to the utility model is described.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the utility model after the content of having read the utility model instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the built-in dynamic/static piezoelectric main shaft of a kind of multi-function motor, by casing 1, oil sealing cap 2, main shaft 3, balancing head 4, emery wheel 5, fore bearing 6, pretension piston 7, front heat shielding ring 8, locking nut 9, motor stator 10, rotor 11, water jacket 12, stator retainer ring 13, after heat shading ring 14, the first airtight seal ring 15, rear bearing block 16, rear bearing 17, the second airtight seal ring 18, rotary encoder 19, dynamic balancing receiver 20, guard shield 21, air supply channel A, supply pressure oil to journal bearing and plunger shaft channel B, front end thrust bearing controllable pressure oil channel C, motor stator jacket water import D, the compositions such as motor stator jacket water outlet E and lubricating oil return passage F.
The fore bearing of telling 6 is arranged on casing 1 front end by front end flange with screw, and described rear bearing 17 is fixed in rear bearing block 16 by its flange.The rotor 11 of balancing head 4, emery wheel 5, pretension piston 7, locking nut 6 and interference fit is housed on described main shaft 3.Described rotor 11 interference fit are contained in water jacket 12 endoporus, rely on the interior shoulder location of front end, water jacket 12 is arranged in casing 1, and the O RunddichtringO is equipped with at two ends, rely on the shoulder hole in casing 1 to make axial location, and be fixed in casing 1 by stator retainer ring 13.
The inner chamber of described casing 1 is comprised of each shoulder hole from front to back, and on it, porose axis holds lubricating fluid, for cooling water channel and compressed-air actuated manhole appendix.Described fore bearing 6 inside are comprised of shoulder hole, small end is the dynamic and hydrostatic bearing workspace, have the oil pocket that several two-way dynamic pressure districts and static pressure fuel feeding district form, pretension piston 7 cylindricals on large stomidium and axle are matched in clearance, the interface of ladder and pretension piston 7 end faces leave 0.2~0.3mm space, and the lubricating oil oil supplying hole is arranged in it.
On the front end face of fore bearing 6, have annular static pressure chamber, flow controller is opened on its periphery and the lubricating oil manhole appendix is arranged, and has in its back-end the hermetic seal annular groove.
Described rear bearing 17 its endoporus have and the same dynamic and static pressure oil pocket of fore bearing 6, and external cylindrical surface and rear bearing block 17 interference fits, have flow controller and grease channel on it, and airtight seal ring 15 is equipped with at its two ends, rely on end face flange and rear bearing block 16 fastening.
Described rear bearing block 16 relies on the end face flange to be connected with casing 1 with the matched in clearance that the cooperation of casing 1 is 0.01~0.02mm.
The feed path of each medium is: A-air supply channel, B-confession pressure oil is to journal bearing and plunger shaft passage, C-front end thrust bearing controllable pressure oil passage, D-motor stator jacket water import, E-motor stator jacket water outlet, F-lubricating oil return passage.
Erection sequence is:
Will water jacket be contained in inside to motor stator 10 after 12 heating, with interior shoulder location, the water jacket 12 that motor stator 10 is housed be packed in casing 1 hole, with the interior shoulder of casing 1 location, with the screw of stator retainer ring 13 end faces by water jacket 12 and casing 1 axial restraint.By fore bearing 6 main shaft 3 of packing into, pretension piston 7 use locking nuts 9 are fixed on axle with shaft shoulder location, by rotor 11 heating jackets on axle with shaft shoulder location, form thus an assembly.Rear bearing 17 is contained in rear bearing block 15 to be screwed rear bearing block 15 is contained in the rear stomidium of casing 1 and fixing, and load onto the gentle sealing ring 18 of airtight seal ring 15.Relying on the mating surface of main shaft 1 rear end and rear bearing 17 to do guiding the fore bearing 6 that main shaft 3 and last part thereof are housed is contained in casing 1 front aperture by fore bearing, does axial restraint with screw.
At first the electricity main shaft supplies with each bearing and pretension piston lubrication fluid when work, supply simultaneously the cooling water of water jacket and the compressed air of hermetic seal, main shaft 6 is suspended in the gap of bearing and forms pure liquid lubrication, according to the superperformance of design realize at a high speed, efficient, running at high precision.Lubricating oil and cooling water realize that by access way circulation takes away the heat of generation at work.
Compressed air forms the barrier with pressure at the part outer surface of rotation equably by airtight seal ring, stops lubricating oil and mist of oil thereof to leak outside on the one hand, stops extraneous impurity to enter in bearing and pipeline thereof on the one hand.
Can save the grinding wheel dynamic balance instrument when the electric main shaft be used to having brake function (routine turning milling center or grinding machine workhead), need get final product on the oil circuit of supply thrust bearing, establishing switch, when needs brake, its oil pressure is closed, under the effect of piston thrust, main shaft is strained backward, two faces of thrust bearing are tightly touched, its frictional force is enough to overcome cutting force, because both can not damage thrust face without relative sliding, realizes many merits way.
Obviously the utility model is simple for structure, good manufacturability, and journal bearing and thrust bearing functional, have high speed, high accuracy, long-life advantage, can be applied to the main shaft of multiple high-grade, digitally controlled machine tools.

Claims (6)

1. built-in dynamic/static piezoelectric main shaft of multi-function motor, comprise casing (1), bearing and main shaft (3), it is characterized in that: described casing (1) is provided with the inner chamber that a level connects, before in inner chamber, in, back segment is separately installed with fore bearing (6), water jacket (12), rear bearing block (16), water jacket (12) is by the stator retainer ring (13) and casing (1) location at two ends, on water jacket (12) internal diameter, interference fit has motor stator (10), O type circle is equipped with at water jacket (12) internal diameter two ends, on motor stator (10) internal diameter, rotor (11) is installed, rear bearing (17) is installed in rear bearing block (16), fore bearing (6), in the common cavity formed of rotor (11) and rear bearing (17), main shaft (3) is installed, the first airtight seal ring (15) and the second airtight seal ring (18) also are equipped with respectively in rear bearing (17) two ends, on main shaft (3) front end, flange is arranged, the stairstepping that the external diameter of flange tapers off from front to back, on every grade of ladder from front to back respectively with pretension piston (7), front heat shielding ring (8), locking nut (9), rotor (11) and after heat shading ring (14) coordinate to be installed.
2. the built-in dynamic/static piezoelectric main shaft of a kind of multi-function motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described casing (1) top is established air supply channel (A), to journal bearing and plunger shaft passage (B), front end thrust bearing controllable pressure oil passage (C), motor stator jacket water import (D), motor stator jacket water, is exported (E) and lubricating oil return passage (F) for pressure oil, and each import and export all is connected to the lathe outside by the road.
3. the built-in dynamic/static piezoelectric main shaft of a kind of multi-function motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: before, during and after in described inner chamber, section is installed fore bearing (6), water jacket (12), rear bearing block (16) by mating holes and each fixed screw holes respectively.
4. the built-in dynamic/static piezoelectric main shaft of a kind of multi-function motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described main shaft (3) front end is equipped with emery wheel (5) outward, on main shaft (3) front end end face, balancing head (4) is arranged, the outer upper installation sleeve of casing (1) of main shaft (3) front end has oil sealing cap (2), the follower head overcoat of main shaft (3) has rotary encoder (19), on the casing (1) in the follower head outside of main shaft (3), guard shield (21) is installed.
5. the built-in dynamic/static piezoelectric main shaft of a kind of multi-function motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described main shaft (3) inside is equipped with dynamic balancing receiver (20).
6. the built-in dynamic/static piezoelectric main shaft of a kind of multi-function motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fore bearing (6) has the stairstepping inner surface, the front end inner cylinder face of fore bearing (6) and main shaft (3) match, fore bearing (6) rear end face inner cylinder face and pretension piston (7) match, and in two cylinders had a common boundary, circular bead surface and pretension piston (7) end face had space.
CN2013202971294U 2013-05-28 2013-05-28 Multifunctional built-in dynamic and static pressure electric spindle for efficient high-speed precision machine tool Expired - Fee Related CN203304574U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2013202971294U CN203304574U (en) 2013-05-28 2013-05-28 Multifunctional built-in dynamic and static pressure electric spindle for efficient high-speed precision machine tool

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103286678A (en) * 2013-05-28 2013-09-11 上海原创精密机床主轴有限公司 Multi-functional built-in dynamic-static-pressure motorized spindle for efficient high-speed precision machine
CN107268409A (en) * 2015-07-24 2017-10-20 合肥龙精灵信息技术有限公司 A kind of road construction device of hydraulic lifting
CN107598192A (en) * 2017-09-29 2018-01-19 重庆市普创长顺机械有限公司 Main spindle box of numerical control system
CN109826864A (en) * 2019-03-26 2019-05-31 威海奥威尔精密部件有限公司 A kind of long-lived static main shaft

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103286678A (en) * 2013-05-28 2013-09-11 上海原创精密机床主轴有限公司 Multi-functional built-in dynamic-static-pressure motorized spindle for efficient high-speed precision machine
CN103286678B (en) * 2013-05-28 2016-02-24 上海原创精密机床主轴有限公司 A kind of Multifunction internal formula dynamic/static piezoelectric main shaft for efficient high-speed precision machine tool
CN107268409A (en) * 2015-07-24 2017-10-20 合肥龙精灵信息技术有限公司 A kind of road construction device of hydraulic lifting
CN107598192A (en) * 2017-09-29 2018-01-19 重庆市普创长顺机械有限公司 Main spindle box of numerical control system
CN107598192B (en) * 2017-09-29 2024-03-15 广东智目科技有限公司 Spindle box system of numerical control machine tool
CN109826864A (en) * 2019-03-26 2019-05-31 威海奥威尔精密部件有限公司 A kind of long-lived static main shaft
CN109826864B (en) * 2019-03-26 2021-08-31 威海奥威尔精密部件有限公司 Durable static main shaft

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CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20131127

Termination date: 20160528