CN103100729B - High-speed electric main shaft device using sliding bearing and rolling bearing for composite support - Google Patents
High-speed electric main shaft device using sliding bearing and rolling bearing for composite support Download PDFInfo
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- CN103100729B CN103100729B CN201310034212.7A CN201310034212A CN103100729B CN 103100729 B CN103100729 B CN 103100729B CN 201310034212 A CN201310034212 A CN 201310034212A CN 103100729 B CN103100729 B CN 103100729B
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- main shaft
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- housing
- electric main
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-speed electric main shaft device using a sliding bearing and a rolling bearing for composite support. A motor base seat is used as a shell body. A motor stator and a motor rotor are arranged in the middle of the electric main shaft. A dynamic pressure sliding bearing and a static pressure sliding bearing are respectively used as a front supporting bearing and a back supporting bearing of the electric main shaft. A front ring-shaped water return trough and a back ring-shaped water return trough are respectively formed at two ends of each bearing. Lubrication medium fluid flows into the ring-shaped water return troughs and then flows out of the shell body through a shell water outlet channel. The high-speed electric main shaft device further comprises air sealing devices. Two sides of each dynamic pressure bearing and each static pressure bearing are respectively provided with one of the air sealing devices, and the lubrication medium fluid can be prevented from flowing into a clearance between the motor rotor and the motor stator and flowing out of the shell body along the axial direction of the electric main shaft. A pair of high-speed thrust angle contacting ball bearings is used as thrust bearings and provides high axial stiffness for the electric main shaft, and axial displacement and stability of the electric main shaft are controlled.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to machine tool and manufacture field, be specifically related to a kind of high-speed electric main shaft device using sliding bearing and rolling bearing composite support.
Background technology
High-speed electric main shaft is the key of high-speed cutting processing, usually uses variable-frequency motor Direct driver.Built-in type electro spindle is that rotor is direct and electro spindle is made of one, the rotor of motor is the electro spindle of lathe, motor cabinet is exactly the housing of spindle motor unit, eliminate transmission link, achieve " Zero-drive Chain " between motor and electrical spindle for machine tool, the electric chief axis system vibration & noise overcoming traditional transmission mode is large, extra increase rotary inertia and the easy shortcoming such as skidding, lightweight, inertia is little, compact conformation, electro spindle dynamic characteristic is excellent, improve the dynamic balancing of lathe, simplify machine overall design, the high rotating speed of electro spindle and high precision int are more easily realized.
When electro spindle rotating speed is raised to a certain degree, the friction power loss of the liquid film of supporting electric main shaft can sharply increase, the rigidity of lubricating film and bearing capacity is caused significantly to decline, if the heat that power consumption increase simultaneously produces can not be taken away in time, will cause electro spindle and spring bearing generation thermal deformation thereof, this will have a strong impact on high-speed machine tool performance; On the other hand, the amount of unbalance of electro spindle self can raise along with rotating speed and obviously increase, and the precision of electro spindle also obviously can decline by it affects.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of high-speed electric main shaft device using sliding bearing and rolling bearing composite support, this device has high rigidity, high accuracy, long-life and the feature such as high-power, is particularly useful for the complicated processing under the conditions of work such as high speed, high-accuracy, high rigidity.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of high-speed electric main shaft device using sliding bearing and rolling bearing composite support, comprise housing, electro spindle, supporting electric main shaft two ends for regulating fore bearing and the rear bearing of electro spindle radial displacement, the front axle bearing sleeve of fixing fore bearing and rear bearing and rear axle bearing sleeve, be fixed on the rear bearing end cap on housing, and for regulating the high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing of electro spindle axial displacement; Described fore bearing and rear bearing are water lubrication dynamic and static pressure sliding bearing.
As the preferred embodiments of the present invention, described rear bearing end cap is fixed with high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing pedestal, a pair high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing is placed in electro spindle rear end, pass on left high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing pedestal to fix, right side is fixed by high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing outer ring fixed cover and high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing inner ring fixed cover, high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing outer ring fixed cover is installed on high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing pedestal by screw thread, high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing inner ring fixed cover is installed on electro spindle by bolt.
As the preferred embodiments of the present invention, described housing includes housing inlet channel and housing water outlet further, and the medium in described housing inlet channel is liquid water; Liquid water enters into front axle bearing sleeve and rear axle bearing sleeve, fore bearing and rear bearing successively from housing inlet channel, finally flows out from housing water outlet.
As the preferred embodiments of the present invention, described front axle bearing sleeve and rear bearing put and are respectively arranged with the fore bearing communicated with housing inlet channel and overlap inlet channel and rear bearing overlaps inlet channel, described fore bearing and rear bearing are respectively arranged with and overlap fore bearing throttle orifice that inlet channel communicates with fore bearing and overlap with rear bearing the rear bearing throttle orifice that inlet channel communicates.
As the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the left annular return flume of fore bearing and the right annular return flume of fore bearing is provided with further in the both sides of described fore bearing throttle orifice, the both sides of described rear bearing throttle orifice are provided with the left annular return flume of rear bearing and the right annular return flume of rear bearing further, the left annular return flume of described fore bearing and the right annular return flume of fore bearing are communicated by the gap between fore bearing with electro spindle, and the left annular return flume of described rear bearing and the right annular return flume of rear bearing are communicated by the gap between rear bearing with electro spindle.
As the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the two ends of described fore bearing are provided with fore bearing left sealing gland ring and the right sealing gland ring of fore bearing, the two ends of described rear bearing are provided with rear bearing left sealing gland ring and the right sealing gland ring of rear bearing, prevent WATER AS FLOW MEDIUM from flowing into motor along the axis of electro spindle and flowing out housing.
As the preferred embodiments of the present invention, described sealing gland ring is three the ring packing teeth axially set gradually, annular inlet duct is had, to ensure the air seal wall forming one uniform pressure distribution along electro spindle circumference in outermost ring packing tooth arranged outside.
As the preferred embodiments of the present invention, described housing is provided with housing air intake duct further, high pressure gas enters in bearing holder (housing, cover), bearing and bearing return flume from housing air intake duct successively, produces pressure to the water in bearing return flume, accelerates water and flows out from housing water outlet.
As the preferred embodiments of the present invention, described front axle bearing sleeve and rear axle bearing sleeve are respectively arranged with the fore bearing communicated with housing air intake duct and overlap air intake duct and rear bearing overlaps air intake duct, described fore bearing and rear bearing are respectively arranged with fore bearing air intake duct and rear bearing air intake duct, and described fore bearing air intake duct and rear bearing air intake duct are communicated with fore bearing return flume and rear bearing return flume with the gap of electro spindle by bearing.
Relative to prior art, the present invention at least has the following advantages: the fore bearing that the present invention installs using electro spindle two ends and rear bearing are as radial support, the high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing installed using electro spindle end is as axial support, not only increase radial rigidity and the stability of whole electro spindle like this, and reduce temperature rise, meanwhile, high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing is as axial support, for the axial rigidity that electro spindle provides, control axial displacement and the stability of electro spindle.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the high-speed electric main shaft device intake tunnel direction vertical profile structural representation using sliding bearing and rolling bearing composite support;
Fig. 2 is the high-speed electric main shaft device inlet channel direction vertical profile structural representation using sliding bearing and rolling bearing composite support.
Wherein, the corresponding relation of Reference numeral and element title is as shown in the table:
Detailed description of the invention
For realizing above-mentioned functions, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
Housing 12 using motor base as electro spindle, motor stator 14 and rotor 15 are installed in the middle part of electro spindle, two ends are by two water lubrication dynamic and static pressure sliding supported conditions, and rear end is provided with a pair high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing 26, to control electro spindle axial displacement.Specific heat of water is large, and the change that viscosity with temperature raises is much less than mineral oil, and radial support bearing adopts water to do lubricant.To built-in type electro spindle, when rotating speed raises, the pressure of supply water also corresponding raising of bearing lubrication medium, to keep higher rigidity, bearing capacity and stability, therefore sealing property directly has influence on the safe operation of electro spindle.The feature high for designed hybrid sliding bearing pressure of supply water and flow is large, is designed with annular air seal set respectively at the two ends of two radial support bearings, achieves good sealing effectiveness.
The inner side of described housing 12 is fixed with cooling jacket 13 and motor stator 14, is made of one, inner electric machine rotor 15 and electro spindle 16 as electrical spindle for machine tool; The forward and backward bearing 2,23 at electro spindle two ends, is all a kind of hybrid sliding bearings, can improves electro spindle rigidity and stability, reduces temperature rise; Described cooling jacket 13 elastic conjunction is on housing 12, and motor stator 14 interference fit is installed on cooling jacket 13, and rotor 15 interference fit is installed on electro spindle 16, and corresponding with motor stator 14.Fore bearing 2 interference fit is installed in front axle bearing sleeve 31, and rear bearing 23 interference fit is installed in rear axle bearing sleeve 18, and uses fastening nuts all again, front axle bearing sleeve 31 and rear axle bearing sleeve 18 is fixed on housing 12 afterwards by nut.Rear bearing end cap 41 is fixed on housing 12 through the through hole on rear axle bearing sleeve 18 by nut.
Described housing 12 is provided with housing inlet channel 24 and housing water outlet 32, described front axle bearing sleeve 31 and rear axle bearing sleeve 18 are respectively arranged with the fore bearing communicated with housing inlet channel 24 and overlap inlet channel 5 and rear bearing overlaps inlet channel 20, the both sides of described fore bearing cover inlet channel 5 are provided with fore bearing cover inlet channel left sealing O type circle 4 and fore bearing cover inlet channel right sealing O type circle 7, the both sides of described rear bearing cover inlet channel 20 are provided with rear bearing cover inlet channel left sealing O type circle 19 and rear bearing cover inlet channel right sealing O type circle 22, described fore bearing 2 and rear bearing 23 are respectively arranged with fore bearing throttle orifice 6 and rear bearing throttle orifice 21, described fore bearing throttle orifice 6 and fore bearing overlap inlet channel 5 and communicate, described rear bearing throttle orifice 21 and rear bearing overlap inlet channel 20 and communicate, described fore bearing 2 is provided with the left annular return flume 3 of fore bearing and the right annular return flume 8 of fore bearing further in the both sides of fore bearing throttle orifice 6, described rear bearing 23 is provided with the left annular return flume 35 of rear bearing and the right annular return flume 37 of rear bearing further in the both sides of rear bearing throttle orifice 21, lubricant medium water flows into fore bearing cover inlet channel 5 and rear bearing cover inlet channel 20 respectively from housing inlet channel 24, then fore bearing throttle orifice 6 and rear bearing throttle orifice 21 is flowed into respectively, water in fore bearing throttle orifice 6 and rear bearing throttle orifice 21 flows into fore bearing return flume and rear bearing return flume respectively from the gap between bearing and electro spindle, is finally flowed out by housing water outlet.
Water under high pressure enters the space 11 between bearing and electro spindle, can along the axially outside to housing 12 of electro spindle 16 and the flowing of rotor 15 direction, so the present invention respectively has a gas-tight sealing in the both sides of described fore bearing 2 and rear bearing 23, the i.e. left sealing gland ring 1 of fore bearing, the right sealing gland ring 10 of fore bearing, rear bearing left sealing gland ring 33 and the right sealing gland ring 38 of rear bearing, described sealing gland ring can stop the space between lubricant medium water inflow motor stator 14 and rotor 15, thus ensure that water flows into the left annular return flume 2 of fore bearing and the right annular return flume 8 of fore bearing of fore bearing 2 left and right sides, and the left annular return flume 35 of the rear bearing of the rear bearing left and right sides and the right annular return flume 37 of rear bearing, then flow in housing water outlet 32, final outflow housing 12.Sealing gland ring is three the ring packing teeth axially set gradually along rotating shaft, annular inlet duct is provided with further outside outermost ring packing tooth, like this, form the air seal wall of one uniform pressure distribution along electro spindle circumference, stop lubricating fluid water axially flow into machine air gap along electro spindle and flow out hull outside.
Described housing is provided with housing air intake duct 40 further, described front axle bearing sleeve 31 and rear axle bearing sleeve 18 are respectively arranged with the fore bearing communicated with housing air intake duct 40 and overlap air intake duct 30 and rear bearing overlaps air intake duct 36, described fore bearing 2 and rear bearing 23 are respectively arranged with fore bearing air intake duct 29 and rear bearing air intake duct 34, and described fore bearing air intake duct 29 and rear bearing air intake duct 34 are communicated with fore bearing return flume and rear bearing return flume with the gap of electro spindle by bearing; The gas of such high pressure enters in bearing holder (housing, cover), bearing and bearing return flume by housing air intake duct 40 successively, produces pressure to the water in bearing return flume, accelerates water and flows out from housing water outlet.In addition, described fore bearing and rear bearing are respectively arranged with fore bearing sealing gland O type circle 9 and rear bearing sealing gland O type circle 17.
A pair high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing 26, as the axial thrust bearing of electro spindle, for electro spindle provides larger axis to rigidity, controls electro spindle axial displacement and stability.Rear bearing end cap is fixed with high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing pedestal 25, a pair high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing is placed in electro spindle rear end, pass on left high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing pedestal to fix, right side is then provided with the outer ring fixed cover 28 of high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing and inner ring fixed cover 27 is fixed, outer ring fixed cover is installed on high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing pedestal by screw thread, and inner ring fixed cover is installed on electro spindle by bolt.
Described sliding bearing, a kind of using liquid water simultaneously as the water lubrication dynamic and static pressure sliding bearing of bearing lubrication medium and cooling medium, the lubricant medium water of high-speed motion not only can produce high rigidity at Bearing inner and keep the high stability of electro spindle rotation, also the heat that bearing produces is taken away rapidly simultaneously, reduce temperature rise.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
1. the dynamic and hydrostatic bearing of supporting electric main shaft is a kind of advantage namely inheriting dynamic pressure and hydrostatic bearing, overcomes again the sliding bearing of the two shortcoming.The dynamic pressure that outside static pressure and the lubricant after running up produce, make bearing can form high pressure oil film in full speed range, its Panel-corrected Model, good damping shock proof ensure that electro spindle has high manufacturing accuracy and high smoothness of operation.
2. gas-tight sealing can stop lubricating fluid water axially to enter the space between motor stator and rotor along electro spindle, and flows out hull outside, ensure that the safety and stability that electric main shaft device runs.
3. high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing, not only can control the axial displacement of electro spindle, can also provide larger axial rigidity for electro spindle, controls the axial stability of electro spindle.
4. whole electric main shaft device all uses water under high pressure as lubricant medium, has support effect and cooling effect concurrently, while this makes it possible to make electric main shaft device long-time continuous being run at high speed, can keep high accuracy, high rigidity and low-temperature-rise.
The foregoing is only general principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention; the technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; describe in above-described embodiment and description and principle of the present invention is just described; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (9)
1. use the high-speed electric main shaft device of sliding bearing and rolling bearing composite support, it is characterized in that: comprise housing (12), electro spindle (16), supporting electric main shaft two ends for regulating electro spindle radial displacement and as the fore bearing (2) of radial support and rear bearing (23), the front axle bearing sleeve (31) of fixing fore bearing and rear bearing and rear axle bearing sleeve (18), be fixed on the rear bearing end cap (41) on housing (12), and for regulating electro spindle axial displacement and as the high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing (26) of axial support, described fore bearing and rear bearing are water lubrication dynamic and static pressure sliding bearing, described rear bearing end cap is fixed with high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing pedestal (25), a pair high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing (26) is placed in electro spindle rear end, pass on left high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing pedestal to fix, right side is fixed by high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing outer ring fixed cover (28) and high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing inner ring fixed cover (27), high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing outer ring fixed cover is installed on high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing pedestal by screw thread, high speed angular contact thrust ball bearing inner ring fixed cover is installed on electro spindle by bolt.
2. the high-speed electric main shaft device of use sliding bearing according to claim 1 and rolling bearing composite support, it is characterized in that, described housing includes housing inlet channel (24) and housing water outlet (32) further, and the medium in described housing inlet channel is liquid water; Liquid water enters into front axle bearing sleeve and rear axle bearing sleeve, fore bearing and rear bearing successively from housing inlet channel (24), finally flows out from housing water outlet (32).
3. the high-speed electric main shaft device of use sliding bearing according to claim 2 and rolling bearing composite support, it is characterized in that, described front axle bearing sleeve (31) and rear axle bearing sleeve (18) are respectively arranged with the fore bearing communicated with housing inlet channel and overlap inlet channel (5) and rear bearing overlaps inlet channel (20), described fore bearing and rear bearing are respectively arranged with and overlap fore bearing throttle orifice (6) that inlet channel communicates with fore bearing and overlap with rear bearing the rear bearing throttle orifice (21) that inlet channel communicates.
4. the high-speed electric main shaft device of use sliding bearing according to claim 3 and rolling bearing composite support, it is characterized in that, the left annular return flume of fore bearing (3) and the right annular return flume (8) of fore bearing is provided with further in the both sides of described fore bearing throttle orifice (6), the both sides of described rear bearing throttle orifice (21) are provided with the left annular return flume of rear bearing (35) and the right annular return flume (37) of rear bearing further, the left annular return flume of described fore bearing (3) and the right annular return flume (8) of fore bearing are communicated by the gap between fore bearing with electro spindle, the left annular return flume of described rear bearing (35) and the right annular return flume (37) of rear bearing are communicated by the gap between rear bearing with electro spindle.
5. the high-speed electric main shaft device of use sliding bearing according to claim 2 and rolling bearing composite support, it is characterized in that, the two ends of described fore bearing (2) are provided with fore bearing left sealing gland ring (1) and the right sealing gland ring (10) of fore bearing, the two ends of described rear bearing (23) are provided with rear bearing left sealing gland ring (33) and the right sealing gland ring (38) of rear bearing, prevent WATER AS FLOW MEDIUM from flowing into motor along the axis of electro spindle and flowing out housing.
6. the use sliding bearing according to claim 3 or 4 and the high-speed electric main shaft device of rolling bearing composite support, it is characterized in that, the two ends of described fore bearing (2) are provided with fore bearing left sealing gland ring (1) and the right sealing gland ring (10) of fore bearing, the two ends of described rear bearing (23) are provided with rear bearing left sealing gland ring (33) and the right sealing gland ring (38) of rear bearing, prevent WATER AS FLOW MEDIUM from flowing into motor along the axis of electro spindle and flowing out housing.
7. the high-speed electric main shaft device of use sliding bearing according to claim 6 and rolling bearing composite support, it is characterized in that, described sealing gland ring is three the ring packing teeth axially set gradually, annular inlet duct is had, to ensure the air seal wall forming one uniform pressure distribution along electro spindle circumference in outermost ring packing tooth arranged outside.
8. the high-speed electric main shaft device of use sliding bearing according to claim 2 and rolling bearing composite support, it is characterized in that, described housing is provided with housing air intake duct (40) further, high pressure gas enters in bearing holder (housing, cover), bearing and bearing return flume from housing air intake duct successively, pressure is produced to the water in bearing return flume, accelerates water and flow out from housing water outlet.
9. the high-speed electric main shaft device of use sliding bearing according to claim 8 and rolling bearing composite support, it is characterized in that, described front axle bearing sleeve (31) and rear axle bearing sleeve (18) are respectively arranged with the fore bearing communicated with housing air intake duct (40) and overlap air intake duct (30) and rear bearing overlaps air intake duct (36), described fore bearing (2) and rear bearing (23) are respectively arranged with fore bearing air intake duct (29) and rear bearing air intake duct (34), described fore bearing air intake duct (29) and rear bearing air intake duct (34) are communicated with fore bearing return flume and rear bearing return flume with the gap of electro spindle by bearing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310034212.7A CN103100729B (en) | 2013-01-29 | 2013-01-29 | High-speed electric main shaft device using sliding bearing and rolling bearing for composite support |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310034212.7A CN103100729B (en) | 2013-01-29 | 2013-01-29 | High-speed electric main shaft device using sliding bearing and rolling bearing for composite support |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103100729A CN103100729A (en) | 2013-05-15 |
| CN103100729B true CN103100729B (en) | 2015-07-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201310034212.7A Expired - Fee Related CN103100729B (en) | 2013-01-29 | 2013-01-29 | High-speed electric main shaft device using sliding bearing and rolling bearing for composite support |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN103100729B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104416170A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2015-03-18 | 苏海君 | Numerical control machine tool with built-in motor |
| CN107860578A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-03-30 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of full-scale texturing drill bit sliding bearing experimental provision and method of testing |
| CN108941623B (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2024-04-16 | 中国计量大学 | Composite throttling type static pressure air floatation electric spindle |
| CN108923569A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2018-11-30 | 苏州艾柏特精密机械有限公司 | A kind of water lubrication electric machine structure |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040208720A1 (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2004-10-21 | Heinz Wehrfritz | Motor spindle with improved machining precision and method for operating one such motor spindle |
| CN101564770A (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2009-10-28 | 西安交通大学 | High-speed electric main shaft device for lubricating hydrodynamic and hydrostatic bearings by adopting water |
| EP2193876A1 (en) * | 2008-12-03 | 2010-06-09 | Franz Kessler GmbH | Motor spindle with a previous fixed bearing |
| CN102570692A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2012-07-11 | 江苏华雕机械有限公司 | Electric spindle supported by multivariant bearing |
| CN102814733A (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2012-12-12 | 东南大学 | Large-size end surface processing electric spindle for mixed support of hydrostatic bearing and rolling bearing |
-
2013
- 2013-01-29 CN CN201310034212.7A patent/CN103100729B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040208720A1 (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2004-10-21 | Heinz Wehrfritz | Motor spindle with improved machining precision and method for operating one such motor spindle |
| EP2193876A1 (en) * | 2008-12-03 | 2010-06-09 | Franz Kessler GmbH | Motor spindle with a previous fixed bearing |
| CN101564770A (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2009-10-28 | 西安交通大学 | High-speed electric main shaft device for lubricating hydrodynamic and hydrostatic bearings by adopting water |
| CN102570692A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2012-07-11 | 江苏华雕机械有限公司 | Electric spindle supported by multivariant bearing |
| CN102814733A (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2012-12-12 | 东南大学 | Large-size end surface processing electric spindle for mixed support of hydrostatic bearing and rolling bearing |
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| CN103100729A (en) | 2013-05-15 |
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