3D based on magnetorheological materials prints rapid molding device
Technical field
The utility model belongs to advanced manufacture field, be particularly related to a kind of 3D based on magnetorheological materials and print rapid molding device, be specifically related to a kind of magnetic rheology effect utilized under magnetic fields, by spraying magnetic flow liquid, on the deposition substrate that has magnetic field, solidify rapidly, successively moulding, finally form the device of the threedimensional model that 3D prints.
Background technology
The 3D printing technique is the general designation of a series of rapid prototyping forming techniques, its basic principle is the lamination manufacture, formed the cross sectional shape of workpiece by the rapid prototyping machine by the scanning form in X-Y plane, and do discontinuously the displacement of slice thickness at the Z coordinate, finally form 3D solid.Rapid shaping manufacturing technology (Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing, RP& M) refer under computer management and controlling, cad model according to part, the method that adopts material accurately to pile up (be piled into face by point, by face, be piled into 3D solid) is manufactured the technology of prototype or part, is a kind of based on new manufacturing method discrete, the stack shaping principle.The RP& occurred at present; The M technology mainly contains fusion sediment shaping (FDM), selective laser sintering (SLS) (SLS), photocuring is shaped (SLA), laminated solid body manufacture shaping (LOM).The 3D printed material has plastics, photosensitive resin, metal, paraffin powder, ceramic powders, nylon powder, ABS powder, tectorial paper etc., and the research of the raw materials such as bone, ER fluid is also underway.Along with the arrival of the industrial revolution for the third time, it is more and more outstanding in the importance in personalized designs and advanced manufacture field that 3D prints rapid shaping technique, and its advantage applies is aspect following three: 1) realized to a certain extent design, manufacture integrated; 2) it is more effective and rapid that highly flexible makes the complex model manufacture; 3) greatly shorten the R&D cycle, reduced R&D costs.But the 3D printing technique also is faced with a series of problem at present, description of materials as slow as manufacturing speed, product is less, and performance is not good, the cost accessibility high, operation of machine and material is poor and security is not good enough, mixing color, formed precision and quality problems etc.
The equipment that adopts FDM fusion stacking forming technique (US6253116B1) is that holistic cost is minimum and take up room minimumly, and the 3D printer of therefore selling towards ordinary consumer on the market at present all is based on FDM fusion stacking forming technique.Yet this quick shaping process has the following disadvantages: a) need complicated temperature control system.The shower nozzle attemperating unit guarantees that the temperature of melted material in shower nozzle can not be too low, otherwise solidify, results in blockage; But temperature can not be too high, otherwise melted material be ejected on workbench after cooling speed do not catch up with and cause overflow.B) realize that by temperature the required energy consumption of the conversion of liquid phase solid phase is high, easily undergo phase transition the problems such as shrinkage cavity, distortion simultaneously.C) in rapid shaping manufacturing process, rapidoprint is because being heated or internal organizational structure changes, and can stimulate unpleasant even poisonous gas to distributing in air, causes environmental pollution even the healthy of operating personnel to be exerted an influence.D) because being subject to the restriction of quick shaping process, the material category of rapid shaping is limited, the shortcomings such as cost of manufacture height.And Chinese patent (CN 102615830) " a kind of quick molding method and device based on ER fluid " proposes with ER fluid moulding rapidly in electric field, the high voltage electric field needed kilovolt, bring danger to operating personnel.
The utility model content
In view of this, technical problem to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of 3D based on magnetorheological materials and prints rapid molding device, utilize the magnetic rheology effect of magnetorheological materials under magnetic fields, by spraying magnetorheological materials, to the workbench that has magnetic field, solidify rapidly, successively moulding, and finally form three physical models that 3D prints.
The purpose of this utility model is to propose a kind of 3D based on magnetorheological materials to print rapid molding device.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The 3D based on magnetorheological materials that the utility model provides prints rapid molding device, comprises deposition workbench, magnetic pole, fluid reservoir, print cartridge, driving pump, shower nozzle, connecting pipe, computer, servo control mechanism;
Described deposition workbench, for the platform of the magnetorheological materials layer by layer deposition moulding as 3D solid;
Described magnetic pole is arranged in the both sides, moulding zone of deposition workbench, for magnetorheological materials is provided, solidifies required magnetic field;
Described fluid reservoir, driving pump, shower nozzle are connected by connecting pipe, form the conveyance conduit of magnetorheological materials; Described fluid reservoir, for storing magnetorheological materials, described driving pump, be used to the magnetorheological materials of carrying in fluid reservoir that driving force is provided, and described shower nozzle is arranged in the field region that the magnetic pole on the deposition workbench provides;
Described servo control mechanism, for controlling the three-dimensional motion state of shower nozzle;
Described computer, for flow, print cartridge pigment flow and the servo control mechanism motion state of controlling driving pump.
Further, described computer comprises driving pump control module, print cartridge control module and servo control mechanism control module; Described driving pump control module, for controlling the flow of driving pump; Described print cartridge control module, how many for color matching pigment, the dyestuff of controlling colour ink box; Described servo control mechanism control module, for controlling the three-dimensional motion of shower nozzle by servo control mechanism.
Further, but the self-powered platform that described deposition workbench is three-dimensional regulation.
Further, described magnetic pole is for producing permanent magnet or the electromagnet in 100Gs-8000Gs magnetic field.
Further, described shower nozzle mouth diameter is the 0.1-10 millimeter.
Further, described shower nozzle is color nozzle, and described print cartridge is colour ink box, and described fluid reservoir is colored fluid reservoir.
Further, described magnetorheological materials is magnetic flow liquid, magnetic fluid, magneto-rheological grease, magnetorheological foam or magnetic rheology elastic body; Or described magnetic flow liquid is water based magnetic rheologic liquid, mineral oil based magnetic flow liquid, synthetic oil-base magnetic flow liquid, ionic liquid based magnetic rheologic liquid, fat based magnetic rheologic liquid, polymer magnetic flow liquid, organic composite magnetic flow liquid or inorganic compounding magnetic flow liquid; Or described magnetic fluid is for being suspended in the stable colloid system formed in carrier fluid by the surfactant high degree of dispersion by the nano-scale magnetic particle; Or the colloidal dispersion system of described magneto-rheological grease for being formed by micron order magnetic-particle, thickener, base fluid, filler and additive; Or described magnetorheological foam is for to be adsorbed on the porous material on the matrix with absorption affinity by magnetic flow liquid; Described magnetic rheology elastic body is the material be comprised of high molecular polymer and magnetic-particle.
The utility model has the advantage of: the utility model adopts and solidify to reach the 3D rapid shaping based on magnetorheological materials under magnetic field, according to the magnetic rheology effect principle, take magnetorheological materials as 3D printing raw material, by spraying magnetorheological materials to the workbench that magnetic field is arranged, make magnetorheological materials rapid curing molding under magnetic fields, thereby layer by layer deposition is to build three-dimensional entity model on workbench.There is following advantage:
Cost is extremely low: the utility model is according to the magnetic rheology effect of magnetorheological materials, with magnetic field, replace traditional melting to spray the temperature control module in the 3D Method of printing of rapid shaping, also be different from the required high voltage electric field of ER fluid effect, do not need expensive laser optical apparatus, temperature control system, light-sensitive material etc., system is simpler, the cost decrease;
Consume energy extremely low: the magnetic flow liquid power consumption is low, and without laser, high temperature, freezing environmental requirement, the energy consumption decrease of waiting;
Sample can be recycled after removing magnetic field, saves material environmental protection again; Material and operate free from environmental pollution; Can make transparent and various colour crystal models.But the technology that the utility model relates to has, power consumption is low, cost is low, the succinct colorize of technique, formed precision are high, can realize the advantages such as microminiaturized, can be widely used in prosthetic model, industrial design, machine-building, three-dimensional scenic and show the fields such as (as 3D film stage property), amusement (game mould), artistic reparations such as () old china devices.
The accompanying drawing explanation
In order to make the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail, wherein:
Accompanying drawing 1 is the ejecting device schematic diagram that the 3D based on magnetorheological materials prints rapid shaping;
Accompanying drawing 2 is the device schematic diagram that the 3D based on magnetorheological materials prints rapid shaping;
Accompanying drawing 3 is to print the model construction flow chart of quick molding method based on magnetic flow liquid material 3D.
In figure, deposition workbench-1, magnetic pole-2, physical model-3, fluid reservoir-4, print cartridge-5, driving pump-6, computer-7, servo control mechanism-8, shower nozzle-9, connecting pipe-10.
The specific embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment of the present utility model is described in detail; Should be appreciated that preferred embodiment is only for the utility model is described, rather than in order to limit protection domain of the present utility model.
Accompanying drawing 1 is the ejecting device schematic diagram that the 3D based on magnetorheological materials prints rapid shaping, accompanying drawing 2 is the device schematic diagram that the 3D based on magnetorheological materials prints rapid shaping, accompanying drawing 3 is to print the model construction flow chart of quick molding method based on magnetic flow liquid material 3D, as shown in the figure: the 3D based on magnetorheological materials that the utility model provides prints rapid molding device, comprises deposition workbench 1, magnetic pole 2, fluid reservoir 4, print cartridge 5, driving pump 6, shower nozzle 9, connecting pipe 10, computer 7, servo control mechanism 8;
Described deposition workbench, for the platform of the magnetorheological materials layer by layer deposition moulding as 3D solid;
Described magnetic pole is arranged in the both sides, moulding zone of deposition workbench, for magnetorheological materials is provided, solidifies required magnetic field;
Described fluid reservoir, driving pump, shower nozzle are connected by connecting pipe, form the conveyance conduit of magnetorheological materials; Described fluid reservoir, for storing magnetorheological materials, described driving pump, be used to the magnetorheological materials of carrying in fluid reservoir that driving force is provided, described shower nozzle is arranged in the field region that the magnetic pole of deposition on workbench provide, and under magnetic fields, magnetorheological materials solidify to form physical model 3;
Described servo control mechanism, for controlling the three-dimensional motion state of shower nozzle;
Described computer, for flow, print cartridge pigment flow and the servo control mechanism motion state of controlling driving pump.
Described computer comprises driving pump control module, print cartridge control module and servo control mechanism control module; Described driving pump control module, for controlling the flow of driving pump; Described print cartridge control module, how many for color matching pigment, the dyestuff of controlling colour ink box; Described servo control mechanism control module, for controlling the three-dimensional motion of shower nozzle by servo control mechanism.
Three control circuits of this computer installation, article one circuit is controlled the driving pump flow, and the second circuit is controlled preparation and the flow of colour ink box, and three-line is controlled the three-dimensional motion of shower nozzle by servo control mechanism.
Described computer is processed three-dimensional data and sending controling instruction, regulate on the one hand the flow of driving pump, controlling on the other hand servo control mechanism makes shower nozzle carry out three-dimensional motion, allocate on the one hand again flow and the color preparation of colour ink box, the magnetorheological materials jet velocity is matched with shower nozzle three-dimensional motion speed, the dyestuff allotment matches with magnetorheological materials, the correct effectively operation of assurance system.
Described computer can carry out the threedimensional model structure, model analysis and model interface extraction, and generate motion command, the driving pump flow-control instruction of servo structure and send false alarm information etc. according to the three-dimensional information for the treatment of sedimentation model.
But the self-powered platform that described deposition workbench is three-dimensional regulation.
Described magnetic pole is for producing permanent magnet or the electromagnet in 100Gs-8000Gs magnetic field.The magnetic field size that described permanent magnet produces is 100Gs-8000Gs.Select 2000Gs in this example.
Described shower nozzle mouth diameter is the 0.1-10 millimeter.Select 10 millimeters in this example.
Described shower nozzle is color nozzle, and described print cartridge is colour ink box, and described fluid reservoir is colored fluid reservoir.
The present embodiment is by color nozzle, colour ink box, colored fluid reservoir, and every kind of color adopts different driving pumps and connecting line, realizes many driving pumps conveyings, and the moulding simultaneously of many shower nozzles, improve shaping speed; Also can adopt multithread to thread a pipe and carry the liquid state of different colours, carry out colored shape-designing.
Described driving pump can be selected vane type oil pump, positive displacement pump, piezoelectric pump, electric moistening pump or peristaltic pump etc.; Because peristaltic pump is easily controlled flow, the pump housing does not contact with magnetic flow liquid, can drive the advantages such as many circulation ducts simultaneously, and the present embodiment is preferentially selected peristaltic pump.
Described magnetorheological materials is magnetic flow liquid, magnetic fluid, magneto-rheological grease, magnetorheological foam or magnetic rheology elastic body; Or described magnetic flow liquid is water based magnetic rheologic liquid, mineral oil based magnetic flow liquid, synthetic oil-base magnetic flow liquid, ionic liquid based magnetic rheologic liquid, fat based magnetic rheologic liquid, polymer magnetic flow liquid, organic composite magnetic flow liquid or inorganic compounding magnetic flow liquid; Or described magnetic fluid is for being suspended in the stable colloid system formed in carrier fluid by the surfactant high degree of dispersion by the nano-scale magnetic particle; Or the colloidal dispersion system of described magneto-rheological grease for being formed by micron order magnetic-particle, thickener, base fluid, filler and additive; Or described magnetorheological foam is for to be adsorbed on the porous material on the matrix with absorption affinity by magnetic flow liquid; Described magnetic rheology elastic body is the material be comprised of high molecular polymer and magnetic-particle.Select silicone oil based magnetic rheologic liquid in this example.
The course of work that the utility model provides the 3D based on magnetorheological materials to print rapid molding device is as follows:
S1: build three-dimensional motion command, the driving pump flow-control instruction for the treatment of sedimentation model and generating servo structure according to the three-dimensional information for the treatment of sedimentation model;
S2: described threedimensional model is carried out to the processing of Z layer scattering hierarchies and the processing of XY section information, generation model cross-section data information and filling orbiting motion information;
S3: according to model cross-section data information and filling orbiting motion information, control shower nozzle along interface profile and fill track and moved, simultaneous quantitative is controlled driving pump injection magnetorheological materials and is solidified in field region to depositing magnetic pole on workbench, carries out successively stacking modeling; And make the magnetorheological materials curing molding form the threedimensional model sample.
The threedimensional model sample that last moulding completes can keep its profile by maintaining magnetic field, also can use low temperature environment that whole threedimensional model sample is freezing curing, and disengaging holds its shape behind magnetic field.
Described capacity of sprinkler is that the flow of regulating driving pump according to cross-section data information forms, and described shower nozzle 3 D motion trace is to utilize to fill orbiting motion information and order about servo control mechanism and regulate shower nozzle and carry out three-dimensional motion.
The magnetic field produced due to the permanent magnet magnetic pole is magnetorheological materials curing key condition rapidly, therefore also needs to regulate magnetorheological materials and solidifies magnitude of field intensity, and the magnitude of field intensity in the curing magnetic field of described magnetic pole is determined according to actual conditions.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, be not limited to the utility model, obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification and not break away from spirit and scope of the present utility model the utility model.Like this, if within of the present utility model these are revised and modification belongs to the scope of the utility model claim and equivalent technologies thereof, the utility model also is intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.