CN203339676U - Reverse-connection and short-circuit protection circuit for batteries - Google Patents
Reverse-connection and short-circuit protection circuit for batteries Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN203339676U CN203339676U CN2013204221080U CN201320422108U CN203339676U CN 203339676 U CN203339676 U CN 203339676U CN 2013204221080 U CN2013204221080 U CN 2013204221080U CN 201320422108 U CN201320422108 U CN 201320422108U CN 203339676 U CN203339676 U CN 203339676U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- circuit
- triode
- electrically connected
- switch circuit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a reverse-connection and short-circuit protection circuit for batteries. The reverse-connection and short-circuit protection circuit comprises a battery unit (100), a charge control unit (200) and a protection circuit (300), wherein the protection circuit (300) comprises a protection switch circuit (320) used for controlling whether a charge current generated by the charge control unit (200) is used for charging the batteries in the battery unit (100), and a detection switch circuit (310) used for controlling the connection and the disconnection of the protection switch circuit (320) according to the access conditions of the batteries in the battery unit (100); and the battery unit (100) is electrically connected with the detection switch circuit (310) and the protection switch circuit (320) respectively, and the protection switch circuit (320) is electrically connected with the charge control unit (200). The reverse-connection and short-circuit protection circuit disclosed by the utility model is capable of rapidly detecting the short-circuit or the reverse-connection of the batteries, and greatly realizing the effect of preventing the reverse-connection and the short-circuit of the batteries.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the rechargeable battery field, relates in particular to a kind of battery reversal connection short circuit protective circuit of the charger that battery is charged.
Background technology
About the battery reversal connection: in our charger used in everyday; if because of carelessness by the battery reversal connection; can cause the charger short circuit; serious meeting causes battery explosion; so in charger product; the protection of battery reversal connection seems to be still important, and everybody way commonly used is exactly to have done special processing on the structural member of product at present, causes battery oppositely to be put in battery case.
About the battery short circuit: use in the charger process at us, if battery plus-negative plate is short-circuited suddenly, now should stops immediately charging, otherwise will cause circuit on fire.Way commonly used is the monitoring to charging current by MCU at present, realizes charge protection.MCU software realizes that charge protection reliability and reaction speed are all inadequate.
With reference to figure 1, be the circuit diagram of prior art without the battery charge control circuit of reverse-connection protection circuit.
In prior art, the control of charge switch is to control by the PWM mouth of MCU, the electric current of battery is to detect by the AD2 mouth, the voltage of battery is to detect by the AD1 mouth, can well accomplish like this control of constant current constant voltage in charging process by the MCU software programming, if but once the battery reversal connection, MCU can't detect, and causes the integrated circuit short circuit.
So there is defect in prior art, need to improve.
The utility model content
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is; unreliable, the defect that reaction speed is slow that there is no reverse battery protection circuit and only by the MCU software control, realize the protection of battery short circuit in the circuit that battery is charged for prior art above-mentioned, provide on a kind of hardware and realize anti-reverse and the battery reversal connection short circuit protective circuit of short circuit protection is provided.
The utility model solves the technical scheme that its technical problem adopts: construct a kind of battery reversal connection short circuit protective circuit, comprise battery unit and charging control unit, described battery unit comprises positive terminal and negative pole end, also comprises protective circuit,
Described protective circuit comprises for controlling charging current that described charging control unit produces whether to the protection switch circuit of the battery charging of battery unit and the sense switch circuit of controlling conducting and the disconnection of described protection switch circuit for the battery access situation according to battery unit being detected;
Described battery unit is electrically connected with described sense switch circuit and protection switch circuit respectively, and described protection switch circuit and described charging control unit are electrically connected.
In battery reversal connection short circuit protective circuit described in the utility model, described sense switch circuit comprises the first dropping resistor and the first triode; Described protection switch circuit comprises the second dropping resistor, the second triode and diode;
Described the first dropping resistor one end and described positive terminal are electrically connected, the base stage of the other end of described the first dropping resistor and described the first triode is electrically connected, the grounded emitter of described the first triode, one end of the collector electrode of described the first triode and described the second dropping resistor is electrically connected, the base stage of the other end of described the second dropping resistor and described the second triode is electrically connected, the collector electrode of described the second triode and the anode of described diode are electrically connected, and the negative electrode of described diode and described positive terminal are electrically connected.
In battery reversal connection short circuit protective circuit described in the utility model, described the first triode is the NPN type, and described the second triode is positive-negative-positive.
Implement battery reversal connection short circuit protective circuit of the present utility model, comprise battery unit and charging control unit, also comprise protective circuit, described protective circuit comprises sense switch circuit and protection switch circuit; Described sense switch circuit is controlled conducting and the disconnection of described protection switch circuit according to the battery access situation in battery unit of detecting; and then whether the charging current of controlling described charging control unit generation charges to battery; so reach short circuit or the reversal connection of fast detecting to battery, and then well realized preventing the effect of battery reversal connection and short circuit.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is described in further detail, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of prior art without the battery charge control circuit of reverse-connection protection circuit;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of battery reversal connection short circuit protective circuit of the present utility model;
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of the most preferred embodiment of battery reversal connection short circuit protective circuit of the present utility model.
Embodiment
Understand for technical characterictic of the present utility model, purpose and effect being had more clearly, now contrast accompanying drawing and describe embodiment of the present utility model in detail.
Unreliable, the defect that reaction speed slow of the utility model in order there is no reverse battery protection circuit in the circuit that battery is charged that overcomes prior art and only by the MCU software control, to realize battery short circuit protection, provide a kind of battery reversal connection short circuit protective circuit.
With reference to figure 2, it is the schematic diagram of battery reversal connection short circuit protective circuit of the present utility model.
Comprise battery unit 100 and charging control unit 200, also comprise protective circuit 300, also comprise electric current and voltage sampling unit (not showing on figure),
Wherein, protective circuit 300 comprises sense switch circuit 310 and protection switch circuit 320;
Battery unit 100 is electrically connected with sense switch circuit 310 and protection switch circuit 320 respectively, and protection switch circuit 320 is electrically connected with charging control unit 200; The electric current and voltage sampling unit is electrically connected with battery unit 100 and charging control unit 200 respectively;
Sense switch circuit 310 is controlled conducting and the disconnection of protection switch circuit 320 for the battery access situation according to the battery unit 100 that detects, whether protection switch circuit 320 is charged to the battery of battery unit 100 for the charging current controlling charging control unit 200 and produce.
The electric current and voltage sampling unit is for sampling actual charge current and cell voltage, and the actual charge current of sampling or cell voltage are sent to charging control unit 200, charging control unit 200 is controlled the charging of external power source to battery according to actual charge current and cell voltage, and concrete is charged to battery in the mode of constant current or constant voltage for controlling external power source.
With reference to figure 3, it is the circuit diagram of the most preferred embodiment of battery reversal connection short circuit protective circuit of the present utility model.
Above-mentioned battery unit 100 comprises positive terminal+Vbat and negative pole end-Vbat.
Battery access situation in above-mentioned battery unit 100 mainly comprises normal access, battery reversal connection, battery short circuit.
Above-mentioned sense switch circuit 310 comprises the first dropping resistor Rd1 and the first triode Q1; Protection switch circuit 320 comprises the second dropping resistor Rd2, the second triode Q2 and diode D1;
The first dropping resistor Rd1 mono-end and positive terminal+Vbat is electrically connected, the base stage of the other end of the first dropping resistor Rd1 and the first triode Q1 is electrically connected, the grounded emitter of the first triode Q1, the end of the collector electrode of the first triode Q1 and the second dropping resistor Rd2 is electrically connected, the base stage of the other end of the second dropping resistor Rd2 and the second triode Q2 is electrically connected, the anode of the collector electrode of the second triode Q2 and diode D1 is electrically connected, the negative electrode of diode D1 and positive terminal+Vbat is electrically connected, the output of the emitter of the second triode Q2 and charging control unit 200 is electrically connected, the charging current that battery is charged produced for receiving charging control unit 200.
Above-mentioned diode D1 plays a reversed role for preventing the electric current of battery.
Wherein, the first triode Q1 is the NPN type, and the second triode Q2 is positive-negative-positive.
when the correct place in circuit of battery:
Cell voltage is by positive terminal+Vbat output, therefore, cell voltage is by the base stage of the first dropping resistor Rd1 reduced output voltage to the first triode Q1, the first triode Q1 so conducting, due to the grounded emitter of the first triode Q1, so the base stage of the second triode Q2 is equivalent to ground connection after by the second dropping resistor Rd2, therefore the second triode Q2 conducting, thus, make from the charging current of charging control unit 200 inputs and flow to battery after diode D1, realize the charging to battery.
when the battery reversal connection enters circuit:
Cell voltage is by negative pole end-Vbat output; therefore the base stage of the first triode Q1 be electrically connected with positive terminal+Vbat is low level; therefore the first triode Q1 cut-off; and then make the second triode Q2 end; disconnection charging control unit 200 is connected with battery, from the charging current of charging control unit 200 inputs can not be flowed through diode D1 again, flow to positive terminal+Vbat, i.e. the negative pole of battery; disconnect the charging to battery, realized thus the protection to battery.
in charging process, when battery is short-circuited:
If battery short circuit; be equivalent to the first dropping resistor Rd1 ground connection; the base stage of the first triode Q1 is low level; therefore the first triode Q1 cut-off; and then making the second triode Q2 cut-off, disconnection charging control unit 200 is connected with battery, from the charging current of charging control unit 200 inputs can not be flowed through diode D1 again, flow to positive pole and the negative pole of battery simultaneously; disconnect the charging to battery, realized thus the protection to battery.
Battery reversal connection short circuit protective circuit of the present utility model; can also comprise warning circuit; for example; can between positive terminal+Vbat and negative pole end-Vbat, connect a light-emitting diode and a dropping resistor; the anode of light-emitting diode is electrically connected to negative pole end-Vbat by this dropping resistor, and the negative electrode of light-emitting diode is electrically connected to positive terminal+Vbat.So, when battery correctly accesses, cell voltage exports the negative electrode of light-emitting diode after by dropping resistor to, and light-emitting diode is cut-off therefore, not luminous prompting.When the battery reversal connection, cell voltage exports the anode of light-emitting diode, light-emitting diode so conducting, the reversal connection of luminous reminding user battery after by dropping resistor to.
Certainly, warning circuit can also increase a buzzer, buzzer can be connected with above-mentioned light-emitting diode, when battery correctly accesses, the branch road of light-emitting diode and buzzer disconnects, and light-emitting diode and buzzer are not all worked, when the battery reversal connection, the branch road conducting of light-emitting diode and buzzer, lumination of light emitting diode and buzzer are blown a whistle, thus better reminding user battery reversal connection.
Separately, then introduce the process that charging in the utility model is controlled.
Above-mentioned charging control unit 200 comprises micro-control unit, the 3rd triode Q3, the 4th triode Q4, inductance L, the first resistance R 1, the second resistance R 2 and the 3rd resistance R 3;
One end of the PWM port of micro-control unit and the first resistance R 1 is electrically connected, the base stage of the other end of the first resistance R 1 and the 3rd triode Q3 is electrically connected, the grounded emitter of the 3rd triode Q3, one end of the collector electrode of the 3rd triode Q3 and the second resistance R 2 is electrically connected, the base stage of the other end of the second resistance R 2 and the 4th triode Q4 is electrically connected, the collector electrode of the 4th triode Q4 with inductance L one end, be electrically connected, the emitter of the other end of inductance L and the second triode Q2 is electrically connected, the base stage of the 4th triode Q4 also is electrically connected with an end of the 3rd resistance R 3, the emitter of the other end of the 3rd resistance R 3 and the 4th triode Q4 is electrically connected, the emitter of the 4th triode Q4 is electrically connected to external power source,
Above-mentioned electric current and voltage sampling unit comprises the first sampling resistor Rt1, the second sampling resistor Rt2 and the 3rd sampling resistor Rt3;
The end of the first sampling resistor Rt1 and negative pole end-Vbat is electrically connected, the other end ground connection of the first sampling resistor Rt1; The end of the second sampling resistor Rt2 and positive terminal+Vbat is electrically connected, and the end of the other end of the second sampling resistor Rt2 and the 3rd sampling resistor Rt3 is electrically connected, the other end ground connection of the 3rd sampling resistor Rt3;
Be electrically connected at the AD2 port of micro-control unit between the first sampling resistor Rt1 and negative pole end-Vbat, be electrically connected at the AD1 port of micro-control unit between the first sampling resistor Rt1 and the second sampling resistor Rt2;
The AD1 port is for the cell voltage of sampling, and the AD2 port is for sampling actual charge current.
Micro-control unit, for according to cell voltage and actual charge current, is controlled PWM port output pwm signal and then is controlled the charging of external power source to battery.
For example, if in the constant current mode, battery is charged, micro-control unit is by comparing actual charge current and constant current so, if actual charge current is greater than constant current, control pwm signal to the three triode Q3 that PWM port output duty cycle reduces, thereby the time of controlling the 3rd triode Q3 conducting reduces, the conducting of the 3rd triode Q3 must cause the cut-off of the 4th triode Q4, be also, the time of the 4th triode Q4 cut-off increases, thereby corresponding reducing after the actual arrival of the charging current that causes external power source to provide battery, by continuous sampling judgement, control, finally make the actual charge current of battery be reduced to and approach constant current.If the mode with constant voltage is charged to battery, same principle, compare cell voltage and constant voltage.This known technology that is this area repeats no more herein.
In brief; in superincumbent charging control process; under normal circumstances; just the simple cooperation by electric current and voltage sampling unit and charging control unit 200 realizes the charging to battery in battery unit 100; now protective circuit 300 is only the effect of turning circuit; once battery reversal connection or short circuit, protective circuit 300 disconnects the charging of battery in 200 pairs of battery units 100 of charging control unit immediately, realizes the protection to battery.
The above is described embodiment of the present utility model by reference to the accompanying drawings; but the utility model is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment is only schematic; rather than restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present utility model; not breaking away from the scope situation that the utility model aim and claim protect, also can make a lot of forms, within these all belong to protection of the present utility model.
Claims (3)
1. a battery reversal connection short circuit protective circuit, comprise battery unit (100) and charging control unit (200), and described battery unit (100) comprises positive terminal (+Vbat) and negative pole end (Vbat), it is characterized in that, also comprises protective circuit (300),
Described protective circuit (300) comprises for controlling charging current that described charging control unit (200) produces whether to the protection switch circuit (320) of the battery charging of battery unit (100) and the sense switch circuit (310) of controlling conducting and the disconnection of described protection switch circuit (320) for the described battery access situation according to battery unit (100) being detected;
Described battery unit (100) is electrically connected with described sense switch circuit (310) and protection switch circuit (320) respectively, and described protection switch circuit (320) is electrically connected with described charging control unit (200).
2. battery reversal connection short circuit protective circuit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described sense switch circuit (310) comprises the first dropping resistor (Rd1) and the first triode (Q1); Described protection switch circuit (320) comprises the second dropping resistor (Rd2), the second triode (Q2) and diode (D1);
Described the first dropping resistor (Rd1) end and described positive terminal (+Vbat) are electrically connected, the base stage of the other end of described the first dropping resistor (Rd1) and described the first triode (Q1) is electrically connected, the grounded emitter of described the first triode (Q1), one end of the collector electrode of described the first triode (Q1) and described the second dropping resistor (Rd2) is electrically connected, the base stage of the other end of described the second dropping resistor (Rd2) and described the second triode (Q2) is electrically connected, the anode of the collector electrode of described the second triode (Q2) and described diode (D1) is electrically connected, the negative electrode of described diode (D1) and described positive terminal (+Vbat) are electrically connected.
3. battery reversal connection short circuit protective circuit according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described the first triode (Q1) is the NPN type, and described the second triode (Q2) is positive-negative-positive.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013204221080U CN203339676U (en) | 2013-07-16 | 2013-07-16 | Reverse-connection and short-circuit protection circuit for batteries |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013204221080U CN203339676U (en) | 2013-07-16 | 2013-07-16 | Reverse-connection and short-circuit protection circuit for batteries |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203339676U true CN203339676U (en) | 2013-12-11 |
Family
ID=49708332
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013204221080U Expired - Fee Related CN203339676U (en) | 2013-07-16 | 2013-07-16 | Reverse-connection and short-circuit protection circuit for batteries |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN203339676U (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103812198A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-05-21 | 宁波市安博应急品有限公司 | Reverse charging preventing circuit of battery charging |
| CN106685013A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-05-17 | 四川力垦锂动力科技有限公司 | Storage battery circuit structure |
| CN108512274A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-09-07 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | A kind of battery charger adaptive circuit |
-
2013
- 2013-07-16 CN CN2013204221080U patent/CN203339676U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103812198A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-05-21 | 宁波市安博应急品有限公司 | Reverse charging preventing circuit of battery charging |
| CN103812198B (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2015-09-02 | 宁波市安博新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of battery charges anti-circnit NOT |
| CN106685013A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-05-17 | 四川力垦锂动力科技有限公司 | Storage battery circuit structure |
| CN108512274A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-09-07 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | A kind of battery charger adaptive circuit |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN203326580U (en) | Battery-reversal-connection protection device for electronic cigarette | |
| CN103607016B (en) | Non-polarity automatic judgment charging circuit and charger | |
| CN204631181U (en) | The testing circuit of a kind of rechargeable battery positive and negative electrode reversal connection | |
| CN204391863U (en) | Automatic power-off circuit and automatic power-off device for full storage battery of storage battery car | |
| CN202917976U (en) | Protective device of solar energy LED power supply input polarity reversal connection | |
| CN104362595A (en) | Battery pack power supply circuit capable of achieving over-temperature protection | |
| CN101826744B (en) | Iron cell charging circuit | |
| CN203339676U (en) | Reverse-connection and short-circuit protection circuit for batteries | |
| CN103219776A (en) | High-power battery charging device capable of preventing battery reversal | |
| CN206148970U (en) | Unmanned aerial vehicle battery discharge ware | |
| CN204167880U (en) | Battery pack overheat protector power supply circuits | |
| CN201813158U (en) | Circuit for charging battery jar and preventing anode and cathode from reverse connection | |
| CN104300950A (en) | Automatic triggering starting circuit integrating reset function and HMD equipment | |
| CN203774783U (en) | Vehicle-mounted charger rear-stage output reverse connection preventing circuit | |
| CN102427264A (en) | Design method of solar power supply controller | |
| CN203278367U (en) | Large power battery charging device capable of preventing reverse battery | |
| CN204666760U (en) | Residual current transformer failure detector circuit | |
| CN204791356U (en) | Cable burglar alarm | |
| CN204206138U (en) | A kind of automatic triggering boot-strap circuit of integrated reset function and HMD equipment | |
| CN204992688U (en) | Battery charging circuit | |
| CN102545164A (en) | Driving circuit of switch unit of reverse-connection preventing protection circuit for solar charge controller | |
| CN206226083U (en) | A kind of grading system battery charging overvoltage protection circuit | |
| CN204323540U (en) | A kind of battery-driven car charging anti-joyride device | |
| CN203617764U (en) | Charging circuit with cell polarity reversal connection protection | |
| CN206313426U (en) | A kind of short-circuit protector with warning function |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20131211 Termination date: 20180716 |