CN203247752U - Self-insulation building block and self-insulation wall body composed of same - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of building materials, in particular to a self-insulating block and a self-insulating wall formed therefrom. The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that building wall materials cannot simultaneously have the functions of load bearing, heat preservation and fire prevention. The technical solution is: a self-insulating block, the block includes a block body, the block body is made of foamed cement, the upper surface of the block is provided with a horizontal through groove, and the inside of the block is provided with a vertical to the through hole; the horizontal through groove is filled with one or more of concrete slurry, cement mortar, cement or thermal insulation cement to form a core column, and the vertical through hole is filled with concrete slurry or cement mortar to form a core column. The core column is integrated with the block body. The self-insulating wall is composed of the self-insulating blocks. The self-insulation block and the self-insulation wall body of the utility model have the functions of heat preservation and fire prevention, and simultaneously have a load-bearing function.

Description

A self-insulating block and the self-insulating wall formed therewith

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of building materials, in particular to a self-insulating block and a self-insulating wall formed therefrom.

Background technique

At present, most of the wall materials in our country are solid clay bricks and hollow blocks. Compared with similar wall materials abroad, their production energy consumption is about twice as high on average, and the thermal insulation and heat insulation performance of the external walls are 4 to 5 times different. The heating energy consumption per unit building area is about three times that of developed countries under the same conditions. At the same time, various walls generally have defects such as weak sealing performance, poor thermal insulation performance, high resource consumption, and low resource recycling rate. The wall made of bricks is heavy, which will increase the load of the entire building structure.

It is imperative to research and develop new energy-saving and environment-friendly high-quality materials. With the advancement of science and technology, many lightweight exterior wall insulation materials have emerged, such as plastic boards, benzene boards, polyurethane boards, etc., but most of them are not fireproof or have poor insulation effects, or the thickness must be increased in order to achieve insulation, thereby improving the insulation performance. cost. The thermal insulation process of the existing walls generally adopts the method of externally applying thermal insulation materials, which leads to problems such as complex construction, easy aging, and long construction period; moreover, the existing walls occupy a large area, which reduces the usable area of the house; the existing walls and The frame is easy to separate and easy to collapse. The external insulation material and the main material are repellent, and the insulation material does not match the life of the building. There are too many hidden dangers and endless troubles. The National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Construction, and the Ministry of Public Security are all encouraging and supporting the building materials industry, looking for a material with load-bearing, thermal insulation, fire protection and the same life span as the building, but contradictions are intertwined; according to the laws of physics, it is impossible for all inorganic materials to have the above at the same time. Function, because the load-bearing material has a high density, so the thermal insulation effect is not good, and the thermal insulation material is light and low-density, so it does not have the load-bearing function. To save energy, thermal insulation is necessary, and thermal insulation is not fireproof. The load-bearing materials are combined to achieve the thermal insulation effect. From the perspective of sustainable development, the life of the building is 50 years, while the thermal insulation material is theoretically 25 years, but in fact it cannot reach 25 years. It cannot meet the requirements of load bearing, heat preservation and fire prevention.

Chinese patent CN201010582361.3, titled "A Honeycomb Foam Thermal Insulation Material for Firewall", discloses a kind of material mainly using industrial waste fly ash as raw material, and its composition is: sulfur-aluminum cement 30-80 , Fly ash 15-30, water 35-55, hydrogen peroxide 2-8, calcium stearate 0.2-0.91, ash calcium powder 0.1-1.39, low-alkali glass fiber 0.5-2. It does not require coal-fired sintering, high-temperature maintenance, no harmful gas emissions, and is a thermal insulation material with good fireproof, waterproof, and thermal insulation properties that conforms to the national industrial policy for energy conservation and emission reduction. The thermal insulation material of the present invention is an inorganic thermal insulation material, which not only has a small apparent density, With low thermal conductivity, it has the characteristics of heat preservation, non-combustibility, and low water absorption, and it can turn some industrial wastes into benefits. It is a new type of wall material with high social and economic benefits. However, the strength of this material does not meet the requirements of building exterior wall materials.

Chinese patent CN201120218274.X, named "an inner partition wall of a honeycomb foam wall material", discloses an inner partition wall of a honeycomb foam wall material, including For the core material of the building, glass fiber mesh cloth is arranged on both sides of the core material, and anti-cracking mortar is applied between the glass fiber mesh cloth and the core material. The utility model uses lightweight foamed cement board to build the core material of the inner partition wall, and a thin plastering system with glass fiber mesh cloth laid on both sides; the foamed cement board solves the problem of light weight, heat preservation, sound insulation and high efficiency of the inner partition wall. Construction, glass fiber mesh cloth and anti-crack mortar solve the integrity of the inner partition wall and prevent the cracks of the inner partition wall, and completely solve the contradictions of thermal insulation and sound insulation, construction efficiency and board seams in the inner partition wall. But the strength of this interior partition wall has not reached the requirements of the exterior wall of the building.

Utility model content

In order to solve the technical problem that building wall materials cannot simultaneously have the functions of load bearing, heat preservation and fire prevention, the utility model provides a self-insulation block and a self-insulation wall composed of it.

The specific technical solutions are:

A self-insulating block, the block includes a block body, the block body is made of foamed cement, the upper surface of the block is provided with a horizontal through groove, and the inside of the block is provided with a vertical through hole; One or more of concrete slurry, cement mortar, cement or thermal insulation cement is filled in the horizontal channel to form a core column, and the vertical through hole is filled with concrete slurry or cement mortar to form a core column, and the core column and The block body is integrated.

The foamed cement mentioned above is to fully foam the foaming agent mechanically through the foaming system of the foaming machine, and evenly mix the foam with the cement slurry, and then carry out cast-in-place construction or construction through the pumping system of the foaming machine. Molded, a new type of lightweight thermal insulation material with a large number of closed pores formed by natural curing. It belongs to the bubble-like thermal insulation material, and its outstanding feature is that it forms closed foam pores inside the concrete, which makes the concrete lightweight and thermally insulated.

The preferred solution is: the foamed cement is a honeycomb foam insulation material for a firewall disclosed in Chinese Patent No. CN201010582361.3, entitled "A Honeycomb Foam Thermal Insulation Material for Firewall". The honeycomb foam insulation material of the firewall body mainly uses industrial waste fly ash as raw material, and its composition by weight is: 30-80 sulfur-aluminum cement, 15-30 fly ash, 35-55 water, 2 hydrogen peroxide -8. Calcium stearate 0.2-0.91, ash calcium powder 0.1-1.39, low-alkali glass fiber 0.5-2.

In order to strengthen the strength of the block, part or all of the transverse through grooves and the vertical through holes communicate with each other.

In order to ensure the uniform strength of the block, the horizontal through grooves are evenly distributed on the upper surface of the block, and the vertical through holes are evenly distributed in the middle of the block to form a row or evenly distributed in the middle of the block. The interior forms two or three rows. The number of the transverse through grooves may be three, and the number of the vertical through holes may be four to eight.

The vertical through hole of the block is located at one-half, one-third or one-fourth of the transverse dimension of the block to form the core column. The block meets the requirements of the building modulus and can be used as a wall bearing focus.

In order to further strengthen the strength of the blocks, steel bars are arranged in the horizontal through grooves and/or the vertical through holes, and the steel bars are tightly combined at intersection points.

The blocks realize industrial production and can be processed and manufactured according to customer requirements.

The utility model further discloses a self-insulating wall, in which the block body of the above-mentioned blocks is built into a wall shape, and the horizontal through grooves of the blocks form an integral horizontal through groove one by one. The vertical through-holes of the blocks form an overall vertical through-hole in one-to-one correspondence; the overall horizontal through-groove is filled with one or more of concrete slurry, cement mortar, mastic or thermal insulation mastic to form a core column, and the The whole vertical through hole is filled with concrete slurry or cement mortar to form a core column, and the core column is integrated with the block body to form the wall.

In order to strengthen the strength of the wall, part or all of the integral transverse channels communicate with the integral vertical through holes.

In order to ensure the sealing between the blocks, the blocks are connected with cement or insulating cement.

In order to further strengthen the strength of the wall, steel bars are arranged in the integral transverse channel and/or the integral vertical through hole.

In order to enhance the connection strength between the wall body and the main body of the building, the steel bars are closely combined with the tie bars of the main body of the building.

In order to further strengthen the strength of the wall, a reinforcing net is arranged outside the wall and thinly plastered. The reinforcing net can be a glass fiber net or a steel wire net. The wall can be used as an external wall to fill the thermal insulation wall, and the structural design can also be adjusted to upgrade to an external load-bearing wall.

The wall body realizes industrialized production, and can be prefabricated into wall boards or roof boards and the like.

The utility model has the advantages of:

1. The block body of the utility model is made of foamed cement. The foamed cement makes the block lightweight and thermally insulated, which plays a role in heat preservation. By adjusting the thickness of the block, the building can meet the requirements of heat preservation and energy saving. No need to do secondary insulation.

2. The block body of the present utility model is made of the honeycomb foam insulation material for firewall body disclosed in Chinese Patent No. CN201010582361.3, named "A Honeycomb Foam Thermal Insulation Material for Firewall Body", which is A1 grade Fireproof material is an inorganic thermal insulation material with low density and low thermal conductivity. It has the characteristics of thermal insulation, non-combustibility, and low water absorption. Aging, pressure relief and earthquake resistance, easy to cut and shape, it is a new type of light wall material with remarkable social and economic benefits.

3. In the block of the present utility model, the foamed cement has the same properties as the concrete slurry or cement mortar, and can be naturally tightly combined, so that the core column formed by the concrete slurry or cement mortar and the block body are naturally tightly integrated into one body, ensuring Integrity of the block. After the concrete slurry or cement mortar in the horizontal through groove and the vertical through hole is solidified to form the core column, the strength of the block is greatly improved, so that the block has a load-bearing function while maintaining heat. By adjusting the pitch and diameter of the vertical through hole, The number of holes, adjust the strength grade of concrete or mortar, and the performance indicators of the block, such as compression resistance, flexural resistance and impact resistance, can meet the requirements of building exterior wall materials. The block of the utility model creatively changes the rib wall of the traditional block into a core column, and completely solves the disadvantage of the cold bridge of the structural member in the self-insulation system without changing the load-bearing function of the block. The biggest feature of the block of the utility model is that the cement basic material is the core. On the basis of the same property, through the adjustment of the structural production and installation process, the materials with different functions can be optimally combined to make the best use of them. It is integrated with the overall structure of the building and has the same lifespan as the building. It does not fall off, does not crack, and does not require secondary insulation.

4. The block of the utility model, since the transverse through groove is arranged on the upper surface, when filled with one or more of concrete slurry, cement mortar, cement or thermal insulation cement, it can be fully filled to form a dense core column, ensuring The strength of the blocks.

5. The block density of the utility model is 400-500 kg/m3, which is 30-40% of the hollow block, 40-50% of the water, and 50-60% of the air-entrained concrete. It is an ultra-light building materials, saving raw materials and reducing building loads.

6. Part or all of the horizontal through grooves and the vertical through holes of the block of the present invention communicate with each other, and the core columns in it form a network structure, which improves the strength of the block. The horizontal through groove and the vertical through hole are provided with steel bars, which can further strengthen the strength of the block.

7. The block of the utility model can realize industrialized production, with small investment scale and high output. The daily output of a production line is 600-1000 cubic meters. In mass production, the cost is low and the cost is saved. Due to the industrialized production, the geometric size error of the product is small, so the horizontal and standing seam gray openings are smaller than the traditional gray openings. The material cost is far lower than the existing general-purpose materials. Today, when the cement production exceeds the demand, a new variety and a new market have been opened up, which has given the big cement industry a big place to play. There is no need to burn bricks or make bricks, which saves arable land, manpower, material resources, and financial resources. It is easy to obtain materials, and the main materials are cement and fly ash, which are general materials. It can be applied in ever-changing situations such as regions, geography, climate, and different conditions. It is suitable for the hot and rainy south, and it is more suitable for the severe cold, higher insulation costs, and more hidden dangers in the north.

8. The wall of the utility model is made of blocks made of foamed cement, which has low apparent density and low thermal conductivity, and has the characteristics of heat preservation, non-combustibility, and low water absorption. Foamed cement makes the wall lighter and heat-insulating, which plays a role in heat preservation. By adjusting the thickness of the wall, the building can meet the heat preservation and energy-saving requirements without secondary heat preservation. The wall density is 400-500 kg/m3, which is an ultra-light building material, saving raw materials and reducing building loads. If the simple bungalow made by the wall of the utility model is reasonable in structure, the house can float in the water, because its density is 40-50% of the proportion of water.

9. The block body of the wall of the present utility model is made of the honeycomb foam insulation material for the firewall body disclosed in Chinese Patent No. CN201010582361.3, which is named "A Honeycomb Foam Thermal Insulation Material for Firewall Body". Class A1 fireproof material is an inorganic thermal insulation material with low density and low thermal conductivity. It has the characteristics of thermal insulation, non-combustibility, and low water absorption. , aging resistance, pressure relief and earthquake resistance, because the wall insulation and other physical indicators are better than existing building materials, the thickness of the wall can be reduced, and the usable area of the building will increase. The blocks made of the honeycomb foam insulation material of the firewall body have the function of pressure relief, and can be sound-proof, aging-resistant, pressure-relieving and shock-resistant. The wall of the utility model is used together with the inner partition of a honeycomb foamed wall material disclosed in Chinese Patent No. ZL201120218274.X titled "Inner partition of a honeycomb foamed wall material", The load on the building structure will be greatly reduced, and at the same time, the internal and external heat preservation will be realized, the internal and external airflow will transition smoothly, the dew point will not be obvious, and the symptoms of building condensation will be significantly improved.

10. In the wall of the present utility model, the block body is made of foamed cement, which has the same properties as the concrete slurry or mortar, and can be naturally tightly combined to form a whole. After the concrete slurry or mortar is solidified to form a connected core column, the strength is greatly improved, and the resistance Performance indicators such as compression resistance, flexural resistance, and impact resistance can meet the requirements of building exterior walls. The biggest feature of the wall of this utility model is that the cement basic material is the core. On the basis of the same property, through the adjustment of the structural production and installation process, the materials with different functions can be optimally combined, and the best use of everything can be achieved. Integrate with the overall structure of the building. The wall body of the utility model has the same service life as the building, does not fall off, does not crack, and does not need secondary heat preservation.

11. In the wall of the present invention, part or all of the overall horizontal through grooves and the overall vertical through holes communicate with each other, and a core column network structure is formed in it, so that the wall has super compression and shear resistance. It can be made into prefabricated insulation wall panels, prefabricated movable houses, greenhouse insulation walls, large roof prefabricated insulation panels, emergency avoidance road surfaces and hysteresis impact walls, etc.

12. The blocks of the wall body of the present invention are connected by cement or thermal insulation cement, which has the functions of sealing and enhancing anti-skid. The body cement foam of the thermal insulation block is a closed pore, but the section is an open structure, which is tightly combined with the cement or thermal insulation mortar, ensuring that it is connected with the surrounding blocks to form an integral wall piece. When there is a deviation between the upper and lower sides of the load-bearing core column, the strength of the cement or thermal insulation cement can meet the force transmission requirements, and the wall will not break. The wall body of the utility model is connected with the main body of the building through thermal insulation cement, which solves the cold bridge problem and meets thermal insulation requirements.

13. In the wall of the utility model, the dimensional deviation of the block product processing is small, which ensures the uniform thickness of the horizontal and vertical mortar joints of the wall; the use of small mortar joints and thermal insulation mortar avoids the occurrence of cold bridges in the mortar joints.

14. In the wall of the present utility model, steel bars are arranged in the integral transverse groove and/or the integral vertical through hole, which can further strengthen the strength of the wall.

15. The wall of the utility model is equipped with a reinforcing mesh and plastered thinly, referring to the structure of the external thermal insulation system of the external wall, so that the wall as a whole meets the durability requirements such as air permeability, waterproof, and freeze-thaw resistance.

16. The wall body of the utility model has a certain strength and can carry a certain load. After adding concrete columns, steel bars or reinforcement nets, it can ensure the safety of the building under very harsh conditions. The combination of concrete columns, steel bars, block bodies, cement, reinforcing mesh and the overall building realizes the optimal combination of materials. Materials of different weights find their maximum combination point, soft on the outside and rigid on the inside, and everything can do its best. When the block is compressed and squeezed, it fully exerts its energy-absorbing function, and will not transmit the force to other blocks. When an earthquake occurs, the reliable connection between the wall and the structure can ensure that the wall will not collapse and will not cause personal injury; while the surface density of the wall is small, it can greatly reduce the shock force of the wall and ensure that the wall will not cause damage to the structure . The wall can be used as an external wall to fill the thermal insulation wall, and the structural design can also be adjusted to upgrade to an external load-bearing wall.

17. The overall channel of the wall and the steel bars in the overall channel of the utility model are closely combined with the tensioned steel bars or ring beams of the main body of the building, so that the wall and the entire building frame are integrated, and at the same time, it also solves the problem of beams and columns. Insulation problem.

18. The vertical through holes of the blocks of the wall of the present invention are located at one-half, one-third or one-fourth of the length of the blocks, and the formed core columns meet the requirements of the modulus and the requirements of the building's bearing points . The close connection between the through groove and the concrete column in the through hole and the main frame meets the design requirements of compression resistance, flexural resistance, impact resistance, tension reinforcement and other indicators. The wall has longitudinal, horizontal and vertical compression points and tension points, and doors, windows and other pendants can be installed.

19. The wall of this utility model can be processed and shaped in a factory, or can be prefabricated into an assembled integral lightweight self-insulating wall panel, or directly processed into a lightweight self-insulating wall on site. Blocks and self-insulating wall panels are light in weight, easy to carry, dry construction, and easy to install.

20. The wall body of the utility model is light in weight, convenient to carry and hoist, reduce labor intensity of workers, and improve labor efficiency. The construction is simple, and the inner and outer walls are hanged to scrape the dust without sanding the dust. It can be described as a dry construction method, which is simple and easy to implement, reduces labor intensity and liberates labor. Masonry has high efficiency, does not need to do insulation work, shortens the construction period, and significantly advances the progress of the project. The reinforced mesh is hung on the inside and outside of the wall and thinly plastered to ensure that the surface is not cracked and the joints are not cracked. The wall does not need ordinary plastering mortar, which reduces labor intensity, liberates labor, and improves labor efficiency. The self-insulating block wall body of the utility model does not need to do the insulation project, shortens the construction period, and accelerates the project progress.

21. The wall of the utility model can be built and poured on site, and can also be prefabricated with large wall panels, movable rooms, earthquake-proof rooms, greenhouse insulation walls, insulation boards, fresh storage, emergency escape roads or walls, etc. It can be widely used in special projects such as jointing with old houses and renovation of old houses. It is a rare material for green buildings, which will greatly reduce the cost of urbanization construction, improve the quality of urbanization construction, and accelerate the pace of urbanization. Especially suitable for steel structure engineering, public buildings, and civil engineering. It is easy to obtain materials, with cement and fly ash as the main body. It is suitable for the hot and rainy south, and more suitable for the severe cold and high insulation cost in the north. It is a new type of energy-saving wall with high economic and social benefits.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a top view of the block body.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the A-A plane of the block body.

Figure 3 is a top view of the block.

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the B-B plane of the block.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a horizontal section of the wall.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the A-A plane of the wall.

Figure 7 is a sectional view of the B-B plane of the wall.

In the figure: 1 is the block body, 2 is the vertical through hole, 3 is the horizontal channel, 4 is the horizontal core column, 5 is the vertical core column, 6 is the steel bar, 7 is the block, 8 is the vertical gray joint , 9 is the surface layer of the wall, and 10 is the horizontal mortar joint.

Detailed ways

Example 1

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, it is a self-insulating block, the block body 1 is made of foamed cement, three horizontal through grooves 3 are arranged on the block; three vertical through holes 2 are arranged in the block, The through groove 3 and the vertical through hole 2 are filled with concrete slurry to form a concrete column integrated with the block body 1 to obtain a block.

Example 2

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, a self-insulating block, the block body 1 is the fire wall honeycomb foam in the Chinese patent CN201010582361.3 named "a kind of fire wall honeycomb foam insulation material" Made of thermal insulation material, four vertical through holes 2 are arranged in the block, which are evenly distributed in two rows; two horizontal through grooves 3 are arranged on the block; the vertical through holes 2 and the horizontal through grooves 3 are connected, and the vertical through holes 2 and the horizontal channel 3 are provided with Φ6 steel bars, and the vertical through hole 2 and the horizontal channel 3 are filled with concrete slurry to form a concrete column integrated with the block body 1 to obtain a block.

Example 3

As shown in Figures 5, 6, and 7, a high-strength thermal insulation wall, the block body 1 is named "A Firewall Honeycomb Foam Thermal Insulation Material" in Chinese Patent No. CN201010582361.3. The block body 1 is built into the wall shape required by the design, and the blocks 7 are connected with thermal insulation cement to form a horizontal mortar joint 10 and a vertical mortar joint 8. The vertical passage of the block 7 Holes 2 form an overall vertical channel one by one, and the horizontal channels 3 of the block 7 form an overall horizontal channel in one-to-one correspondence. The overall vertical channel and the overall horizontal channel are provided with Φ12 steel bars; the horizontal overall channel in the middle It communicates with the overall vertical channel, and pours concrete slurry into the overall channel and the overall channel to form the core columns 4, 5 and the block body 1 to solidify into one body to form a wall. The self-insulating block wall surface Layer 9 is provided with wire mesh and thinly plastered.

Example 4

A high-strength thermal insulation wall, the block body 1 is made of foamed cement, the block body 1 is built into the wall shape required by the design, and the blocks 7 are connected with thermal insulation mortar to form horizontal mortar joints 10 and vertical The ash joints 8 and the vertical through holes 2 of the blocks 7 form the overall vertical channel in one-to-one correspondence, and the horizontal channels 3 of the block 7 form the overall horizontal channel in one-to-one correspondence. In the horizontal channel, a wall is formed, and the surface layer of the wall is provided with a glass fiber mesh and thinly plastered.

Claims (12)

1. a heat insulation building block is characterized in that, described building block comprises block body, and described block body is made by foam cement, and described building block upper surface arranges horizontal groove, and described building block inside arranges vertical through holes; Fill concrete slurry, cement mortar, clay or insulation clay in the described horizontal groove and form stem stem, fill concrete slurry or cement mortar in the described vertical through holes and form stem stem, described stem stem and described block body combine together.

2. building block according to claim 1 is characterized in that, partly or entirely described horizontal groove and described vertical through holes interconnect.

3. building block according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described horizontal groove is uniformly distributed in described building block upper surface, and described vertical through holes is uniformly distributed in the middle part shape of described building block inside in a row or that be uniformly distributed in described building block and forms two rows or three rows.

4. building block according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described horizontal groove is three, and described vertical through holes is four～eight.

5. building block according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described building block vertical through holes is positioned at building block lateral dimension 1/2nd, 1/3rd or 1/4th places form described stem stem, and the construction module requirement is satisfied in described building block.

6. building block according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in described horizontal groove and/or the described vertical through holes reinforcing bar is set.

7. self heat insulation wall, it is characterized in that, the described block body of building block described in the claim 1～5 is built into the body of wall shape, and the described horizontal groove of described building block is the corresponding laterally groove of integral body that forms one by one, and the described vertical through holes of described building block one by one correspondence forms whole vertical through holes; One or more of filling in the horizontal groove of described integral body in concrete slurry, cement mortar, clay or the insulation clay form stem stem, fill concrete slurry or cement mortar in the described whole vertical through holes and form stem stem, described stem stem and described block body combine together and form described body of wall.

8. body of wall according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the horizontal groove of part or all of described integral body and described whole vertical through holes interconnect.

9. body of wall according to claim 7 is characterized in that, connects with clay or insulation clay between the described building block.

10. body of wall according to claim 7 is characterized in that, in the horizontal groove of described integral body and/or the described whole vertical through holes reinforcing bar is set.

11. body of wall according to claim 10 is characterized in that, the steel tie of described reinforcing bar and building main body is combined closely.

12. one of according to claim 7～11 described body of wall is characterized in that, described body of wall outside arranges reinforcing mat and thin plastering.

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