CN203240845U - Liquid circulating type refrigerating device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a liquid circulating type refrigerating device which comprises a refrigerating circulation loop. A liquid-state refrigerating medium (2) discharged from a refrigerating medium storage tank (1) is delivered to a condensation evaporator (9) after pressurization is conducted on the liquid-state refrigerating medium (2) through a low-temperature liquid pump (3), cold capacity is delivered to the backflow refrigerating medium, and the refrigerating medium (2) with cold capacity released and temperature raised is delivered to a user system (6) for refrigeration; the gas-state refrigeration medium discharged from the user system (6) flows back to the refrigerating medium storage tank (1) through a compressor (8), the condensation evaporator (9) and a throttle valve (10) so that the refrigerating circulation loop can be formed. The method of pressurization cold compensation through a liquid circulating pump and the gas compressor is adopted, the compression ratio of the gas compressor is greatly reduced, the cold capacity generated by the gas-state refrigerating medium due to compression can be effectively recycled, so that power consumption is obviously reduced, the work load of installation, repair and the like of the device is effectively reduced, the environment is not influenced, the economic, social and environment-friendly effect is obvious, and the liquid circulating type refrigerating device is a great breakthrough to a traditional refrigerating technology.

Description

A kind of liquid-circulating type refrigerating plant

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of liquid-circulating type refrigerating plant, specifically belong to refrigeration technology field.

Background technology

Modern Refrigeration Technique is as a science, be to grow up in 19th-century mid-term and later stage, before this, trace back to human ancestors, people have understood cold utilization and simple artificial cooling very early: do cold storage chamber with the cellar, with the history of existing 5000 of spring cooling storeroom.

Behind the twentieth century, Refrigeration Technique has had larger development: domestic refrigerator in 1910 comes out, and 1917 begin to put on market as commodity in the U.S..Nineteen thirty, the appearance of freon refrigeration working medium and the use of freon refrigerator bring new change to Refrigeration Technique.Nineteen seventies, people have carried out a large amount of research to mixed working fluid, and bring into use azeotropic mixed working medium, for new road has been opened up in the development of vapour compression refrigerator.Refrigeration Technique develops into today, and each department of national economy is expanded, is penetrated into to the temperature from preserving food and regulating certain space, and has had more closely with daily life and to contact.

Various refrigerating methods sum up, and can be divided into two large classes: input work realizes refrigeration and input heat realization refrigeration.Steam compression type refrigeration, thermoelectric cooling belong to the input work refrigeration, and absorption refrigeration, steam-sprayed refrigeration, absorption type refrigerating belong to the input heat and realize refrigeration.Fig. 1 is a kind of single stage compress ammonia refrigeration system schematic flow sheet, among Fig. 1: 1-evaporimeter, 2-gas-liquid separator, 3-compressor, 4-oil eliminator, 5-condenser, 6-aftercooler, 7-choke valve.

The research contents of tradition Refrigeration Technique can be summarized as following three aspects:

1) research obtains the method for low temperature and relevant mechanism and corresponding kind of refrigeration cycle, and kind of refrigeration cycle is carried out thermodynamic (al) analysis and calculation.

2) study the character of cold-producing medium, thereby the working medium of performance satisfaction is provided for refrigeration machine.Mechanical refrigeration will could realize by the variation of cold-producing medium thermodynamic state, so the thermophysical property of cold-producing medium is the basis of carrying out cycle analysis and calculating.In addition, in order to make the practical application of cold-producing medium energy, also must grasp their general physicochemical properties.

3) research realizes the necessary various machineries of kind of refrigeration cycle and technical equipment, and the process organization of their operation principle, performance evaluation, structure Design and Calculation and various refrigerating plants, system support are calculated.In addition, also have the automation issues of heat insulation problem, refrigeration plant, etc.

The main foundation of tradition refrigerating theory is thermodynamics, namely adopts with the contrary cycle analysis kind of refrigeration cycle process in the Kano of the temperature difference, and the economic index of kind of refrigeration cycle is coefficient of refrigerating performance, the ratio of the income that obtains exactly and the cost that expends, and with atmospheric temperature T ₀With temperature be T _CAll kind of refrigeration cycle between the low-temperature heat source (such as freezer), with the coefficient of refrigerating performance of reverse Carnot cycle for the highest:

${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_c={\left(\mathrm{COP}\right)}_{R,C}=\frac{q_2}{w_0}=\frac{T_c}{T_0-T_c}---\left(1\right)$

ε in the following formula _cBe coefficient of refrigerating performance, q ₂Be the refrigerating capacity of circulation, w ₀Be the net work that circulates and consume.

In fact, the Kano is in the paper of " about thermodynamic opinion ", and the conclusion that draws is: " all heat engines of between the constant temperature thermal source of two different temperatures, working, with the efficient of reversible heat engine for the highest." namely being referred to as Carnot's theorem by the descendant, the thermal efficiency of putting the Carnot cycle that draws by the desirable equation of gas state in order is:

${\mathrm{\η}}_c=1-\frac{T_2}{T_1}---\left(2\right)$

The temperature T of the high temperature heat source in the formula (2) ₁With the temperature of low-temperature heat source be T ₂All be higher than atmospheric temperature T ₀, and can draw following some important conclusion:

1) thermal efficiency of Carnot cycle only is decided by the temperature of high temperature heat source and low-temperature heat source, and namely the temperature during the working medium heat absorption and release improves T ₁With reduction T ₂, can improve the thermal efficiency.

2) thermal efficiency of Carnot cycle can only must not equal 1 less than 1, because T ₁=∞ or T ₂=0 all can not realize.In other words, though in cycle engine in the ideal case, also heat energy all can not be converted into mechanical energy, the thermal efficiency is certainly more impossible greater than 1.

3) work as T ₁=T ₂The time, thermal efficiency of cycle equals 0, it shows, in the system of equalized temperature, heat energy can not be converted into mechanical energy, heat energy produces power must have temperature difference as thermodynamic condition, thereby has verified that the machine by the single source continuous doing work does not manufacture, or perpetual motion machine of the second kind is non-existent.

4) Carnot cycle and thermal efficiency formula thereof are significant in thermodynamic (al) development.At first, it has established the theoretical foundation of the second law of thermodynamics; Secondly, the research of Carnot cycle has been pointed out direction for improving the various heat power machine thermals efficiency, closely may improve the endothermic temperature of working medium and reduce as far as possible the exothermic temperature of working medium, and heat release is carried out when can unearned minimum temperature being atmospheric temperature approaching.What propose in the Carnot cycle utilizes adiabatic compression to improve the method for gas endothermic temperature, still generally adopts in the heat power machine take gas as working medium so far.

5) limit point of Carnot cycle is atmospheric temperature, and to being lower than the process of refrigerastion circulation of environment temperature, Carnot cycle does not provide clear and definite answer.

Because the imperfection of coefficient of refrigerating performance, the scholar of lot of domestic and foreign studies it, and has proposed Perfect Suggestions.Ma Yitai etc. in the analysis of the research of the Energy Efficiency Standard of heat pump product and cycling hot mechanics sophistication " refrigeration with " in conjunction with Curzon and Ahlborn the analysis that this irreversible procedure introducing thermodynamic cycle of different transfer of heat is arranged, and the inspiration of the Finite-Time Thermodynamics that creates thus, in conjunction with the CA cycle efficieny, proposed the thermodynamics sophistication of CA direct circulation, made the efficiency research of refrigeration and heat pump product that progress to a certain degree arranged.

But use thermodynamic (al) basic theories can not make succinctly kind of refrigeration cycle, understand, explain intuitively.Einstein once did evaluation to classical thermodynamics: " a kind of theory, its prerequisite is simpler, and related things is more, and its accommodation is more extensive, and it gives people's impression just more deep." to the theoretical explanation of refrigerating field, also answer this advantage of to succeed and develop.

Therefore, really find the correct theoretical foundation of kind of refrigeration cycle, propose new refrigerating plant in this theoretical foundation and also can be applied in the reality, become the difficult point of refrigeration technology field research.

Summary of the invention

Purpose of the present invention is exactly to be applied to the imperfection that refrigerating theory is analyzed for solving Carnot's theorem, and the refrigerating theory that proposes corresponding to thermodynamic argument is cold theory of mechanics, and the new liquid-circulating type refrigerating plant of using this Theoretical Design.

The fundamental formular of describing cold mechanics is:

${\mathrm{\η}}_c=1-\frac{T_{c2}}{T_{c1}}---\left(3\right)$

In the formula (3), Tc2＜Tc1＜To, To is environment temperature, is Kelvin's thermometric scale.

Relative environment temperature To, the maximum cold efficient of low-temperature receiver under Tc1, Tc2 is:

${\mathrm{\η}}_c=1-\frac{T_{c1}}{T_0}---\left(4\right)$

${\mathrm{\η}}_c=1-\frac{T_{c2}}{T_0}---\left(5\right)$

Be assumed to be q ₂The refrigerating capacity of circulation, w ₀Be the net work that circulates and consume, then when sink temperature is Tc1:

$w_0=(1-\frac{T_{c1}}{T_0})q_2---\left(6\right)$

Equally, when sink temperature is Tc2:

$w_0=(1-\frac{T_{c2}}{T_0})q_2---\left(7\right)$

Be not difficult to find out to (7) from formula (4), the efficient of cold mechanics is between 0 to 1, because irreversibility inevitable in the real process, kind of refrigeration cycle efficient is less than 1; When environment temperature To determined, sink temperature was lower, inputted same merit, and the refrigerating capacity of acquisition is more, thereby had indicated direction for constructing the i.e. cold efficient conversion of electricity of new kind of refrigeration cycle.

Based on above-mentioned basic principle, the present invention proposes to be different from traditional refrigerating plant (such as refrigerator), adopt back cooler to reclaim the cold that the refrigerant gas compression produces, thereby improve the cycle efficieny of refrigerating plant, make the cold theory of mechanics of proposition become real preliminary perfect theoretical system that can guidance system refrigeration technique Development Practice.

The objective of the invention is to realize by following measures: a kind of liquid-circulating type refrigerating plant, this device comprises refrigeration cycle, it is characterized in that:

The kind of refrigeration cycle of described liquid-circulating type refrigerating plant, refer to from cold-producing medium basin 1 liquid refrigerant 2 out, after cryogenic liquid pump 3 superchargings, send into condenser/evaporator 9, cold is passed to the higher cold-producing medium that backflows of temperature, discharge cold-producing medium that cold, temperature raise and deliver to custom system 6 and carry out cooling; After compressed machine 8 compressions of custom system 6 refrigerant gas out, enter condenser/evaporator 9, reclaim cold, reduce temperature, return cold-producing medium basin 1 through choke valve 10, thereby form the cooling closed circuit of liquid-circulating type refrigerating plant.

Be provided with cool exchanger 4: from cold-producing medium basin 1 liquid refrigerant 2 out, after cryogenic liquid pump 3 superchargings, send into condenser/evaporator 9, cool exchanger 4, cold is passed to the higher cold-producing medium that backflows of temperature, discharge cold-producing medium that cold, temperature raise and deliver to custom system 6 and carry out cooling; After compressed machine 8 compressions of custom system 6 refrigerant gas out, enter cool exchanger 4, condenser/evaporator 9, reclaim cold, reduce temperature, return cold-producing medium basin 1 through choke valve 10, thereby form the cooling closed circuit of liquid-circulating type refrigerating plant.

Described cool exchanger 4 adopts necessary augmentation of heat transfer measure, and as increasing fin, adopting plate-fin heat exchanger, micro-channel heat exchanger etc., the cold medium that changes in the described cool exchanger 4 adopts the cold mode that indirectly passes.

Described compressor 8 can adopt RHVC.

NM other structures no longer describe in detail in the liquid-circulating type refrigerating plant among the present invention, all adopt existing mature technology to carry out supporting design.

Described cold-producing medium basin 1 adopts necessary cold insulation measure, as adopting the cold insulation materials such as heat-insulation vacuum container, pearlife.

Unaccounted equipment and back-up system thereof, pipeline, instrument, valve, cold insulation among the present invention, have the known mature technologies of employing such as regulatory function bypass facility and carry out supporting.

Be provided with safety, the control facility supporting with liquid-circulating type refrigerating plant of the present invention, make device energy economy, safety, high thermal efficiency operation, reach purpose energy-saving and cost-reducing, environmental protection.

The present invention has following advantage compared to existing technology:

1, compare with traditional refrigerating plant, the condenser in the kind of refrigeration cycle not to external world environment exert an influence;

2, because cold mode is mended in employing liquid circulation pump and gas compressor supercharging, the compression ratio decrease of gas compressor, refrigerant gas is effectively reclaimed because of the refrigerating capacity that compression produces, and power consumption significantly reduces;

3, the refrigerating plant that the maintenance load of equipment is more traditional has the reduction of very big degree, can conveniently carry out the deashing dedusting to evaporimeter, cool exchanger and condenser/evaporator can keep the good cold effect of changing because medium is clean, Effective Raise changes cold effect, and greatly prolong the service life of whole unit;

4, pass cold, heat exchange reinforcement: more traditional refrigerating plant, can adopt easily to strengthen to pass cold element, unit is more efficient.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is single stage compress ammonia refrigeration system schematic flow sheet of the prior art.

Among Fig. 1: 1-evaporimeter, 2-gas-liquid separator, 3-compressor, 4-oil eliminator, 5-condenser, 6-aftercooler, 7-choke valve.

Fig. 2 is a kind of liquid-circulating type refrigerating plant cooling flow schematic diagram of the present invention.

Among Fig. 2: 1-cold-producing medium basin, 2-liquid refrigerant, 3-liquid circulation pump, 3-1-liquid circulation pump by-pass line, 3-2-gaseous refrigerant pipeline, 4-cool exchanger, 5-refrigerant tubing, 6-cooling system, the 7-gaseous refrigerant, 8-compressor, 9-condenser/evaporator, 10-choke valve.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.

Embodiment 1.

As shown in Figure 2, a kind of liquid-circulating type refrigerating plant, specific embodiment is as follows:

From cold-producing medium basin 1 liquid refrigerant 2 out, after cryogenic liquid pump 3 superchargings, send into condenser/evaporator 9, cool exchanger 4, cold is passed to the higher cold-producing medium that backflows of temperature, discharge cold-producing medium that cold, temperature raise and deliver to custom system 6 and carry out cooling; After compressed machine 8 compressions of custom system 6 refrigerant gas out, enter cool exchanger 4, condenser/evaporator 9, reclaim cold, reduce temperature, return cold-producing medium basin 1 through choke valve 10, thereby form the cooling closed circuit of liquid-circulating type refrigerating plant.

Described cool exchanger 4 adopts necessary augmentation of heat transfer measure, as adopting plate-fin heat exchanger, indirectly passing cold mode.

Described compressor 8 can adopt RHVC.

Described cold-producing medium basin 1 adopts necessary cold insulation measure, as adopting the cold insulation materials such as heat-insulation vacuum container, pearlife.

Unaccounted equipment and back-up system thereof, pipeline, instrument, valve, cold insulation among the present invention, have the known mature technologies of employing such as regulatory function bypass facility and carry out supporting.

Be provided with safety, the control facility supporting with liquid-circulating type refrigerating plant of the present invention, make device energy economy, safety, high thermal efficiency operation, reach purpose energy-saving and cost-reducing, environmental protection.

Although the present invention with preferred embodiment openly as above, they are not to limit the present invention, anyly are familiar with this skill person, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, certainly when making various changes or retouch, belong to equally the present invention's protection domain.Therefore protection scope of the present invention should with the application claim was defined is as the criterion.

Claims (3)

1. liquid-circulating type refrigerating plant, it comprises refrigeration cycle, it is characterized in that:

Described refrigeration cycle, refer to from cold-producing medium basin (1) liquid refrigerant (2) out, after cryogenic liquid pump (3) supercharging, send into condenser/evaporator (9), cold is passed to the cold-producing medium that backflows, discharge cold-producing medium that cold, temperature raise and deliver to custom system (6) and carry out cooling; Return cold-producing medium basin (1) from the compressed machine of custom system (6) refrigerant gas out (8), condenser/evaporator (9), choke valve (10), thereby form described refrigeration cycle.

2. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

Be provided with cool exchanger (4):

From cold-producing medium basin (1) liquid refrigerant (2) out, after cryogenic liquid pump (3) supercharging, send into condenser/evaporator (9), cool exchanger (4), cold is passed to the cold-producing medium that backflows, discharge cold-producing medium that cold, temperature raise and deliver to custom system (6) and carry out cooling; Return cold-producing medium basin (1) from the compressed machine of custom system (6) refrigerant gas out (8), cool exchanger (4), condenser/evaporator (9), choke valve (10), thereby form described refrigeration cycle.

3. device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that:

Described compressor (8) adopts RHVC.

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