CN203240839U - Liquid circulation type heat pump device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a liquid circulation type heat pump device which comprises a heat supplying circulation loop comprising the procedures that liquid refrigerant (2) flowing out of a refrigerant storage pot (1) is pressurized by a low-temperature liquid pump (3), conveyed into an condenser evaporator (8), and transmits cooling capacity to backflow refrigerant, and gaseous refrigerant which has released the cooling capacity and has raised temperature is pressurized and heated by a compressor (5), and conveyed to a user system (6) to supply heat; refrigerant air (7) flowing out of the user system (6) passes through the condenser evaporator (8) and a throttling valve (9) and returns back to the refrigerant storage pot (1), and therefore the heat supplying circulation loop is formed. The cooling capacity of the condenser evaporator in a heat supplying process of the liquid circulation type heat pump device is effectively recycled, the condenser works without influence from external environment factors, and the amount of work of installation, maintenance and the like of equipment is effectively reduced. The liquid circulation type heat pump device breaks through the traditional heat pump technique.

Description

A kind of liquid-circulating type heat pump assembly

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of liquid-circulating type heat pump assembly, specifically belong to technical field of heat pumps.

Background technology

The theoretical foundation of conventional heat pump comes from the discovery of early stage Kano of 19th century, the paper that he delivered about Carnot cycle in 1824.Thomson had at first proposed to adopt air as the heat pump imagination of working medium in 1852; Kelvin proposed in 1854: refrigerating plant can be used for heating.19 century 70s, the development of using the refrigeration plant of Carnot's principle has obtained rapidly development, but the development of heat pump far falls within thereafter.The appearance of world energy sources crisis in 1973 so that the countries such as European Countries and Soviet Union, Japan and the United States, Australia to heat pump work attach great importance to.At present, countries in the world are increasing to the interest of heat pump, and the manufactory commercial city of Europe, Japan, North America is for industry, commercial, building and civilianly provide a large amount of heat pumps.Such as International Energy Agency and the European Economic Community, all formulated large-scale heat pump development plan, and many testing of new techniques or existing heat pump techniques be among the work of applying of frontier is being carried out or plan, the purposes of heat pump is in constantly expansion.Heat pump is just playing a part more and more great aspect energy savings.

The effect of conventional heat pump is draw heat from surrounding environment, and it is passed to heated object, and its operation principle is identical with refrigeration machine, all is that difference is operating temperature range by the contrary periodic duty of heat engine.Need simultaneously some industrial department of heat supply and refrigeration for some, such as meat packing, food, dairy products processing etc., use heat pump assembly comprehensively to supply the cold-peace heat supply, more economical rationality just seems.

Take heat pump type air conditioner as example, for the domestic heat pump type air-conditioning of use in winter, a large amount of cold that adopts GM Refrigerator Working to obtain only is used at outdoor used heat as evaporimeter absorption surrounding environment, and it makes a kind of very large waste in essence; When the winter environment temperature is lower, cloudy and drizzly for days on end, air humidity is large, during moist sombre regional Winter heat supply, the normal air source heat pump air-conditioner of selling on the market, the heating capacity decay is very serious, even can't normally start operation; Therefore basically can only use at transition season at northern China cold district normal air source heat pump air-conditioner, in case enter cold severe winter, common air source heat pump air-conditioner almost can't satisfy basic heat demand.As everyone knows, take coal-fired, combustion gas as main, and this heating system is in energy-saving and environmental protection or all also can't reach the requirement of social development at secure context in the traditional central heat supplying mode of northern China.Therefore the low form heat pump air conditioner that is applicable in normal operation in the winter of severe cold must be developed supporting with it, corresponding auxiliary equipment system must be equipped with simultaneously.

The main foundation of conventional heat pump theory is thermodynamics, namely adopts with the contrary cycle analysis kind of refrigeration cycle process in the Kano of the temperature difference, and the economic index of kind of refrigeration cycle is coefficient of refrigerating performance, the ratio of the income that obtains exactly and the cost that expends, and with atmospheric temperature T ₀With temperature be T _CAll kind of refrigeration cycle between the low-temperature heat source (such as freezer), with the coefficient of refrigerating performance of reverse Carnot cycle for the highest:

${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_c={\left(\mathrm{COP}\right)}_{R,C}=\frac{q_2}{w_0}=\frac{T_c}{T_0-T_c}---\left(1\right)$

ε in the following formula _cBe coefficient of refrigerating performance, q ₂Be the refrigerating capacity of circulation, w ₀Be the net work that circulates and consume.

In fact, the Kano is in the paper of " about thermodynamic opinion ", and the conclusion that draws is: " all heat engines of between the constant temperature thermal source of two different temperatures, working, with the efficient of reversible heat engine for the highest." namely being referred to as Carnot's theorem by the descendant, the thermal efficiency of putting the Carnot cycle that draws by the desirable equation of gas state in order is:

${\mathrm{\η}}_c=1-\frac{T_2}{T_1}---\left(2\right)$

The temperature T of the high temperature heat source in the formula (2) ₁With the temperature of low-temperature heat source be T ₂All be higher than atmospheric temperature T ₀, and can draw following some important conclusion:

1) thermal efficiency of Carnot cycle only is decided by the temperature of high temperature heat source and low-temperature heat source, and namely the temperature during the working medium heat absorption and release improves T ₁With reduction T ₂, can improve the thermal efficiency.

2) thermal efficiency of Carnot cycle can only must not equal 1 less than 1, because T ₁=∞ or T ₂=0 all can not realize.In other words, though in cycle engine in the ideal case, also heat energy all can not be converted into mechanical energy, the thermal efficiency is certainly more impossible greater than 1.

3) work as T ₁=T ₂The time, thermal efficiency of cycle equals 0, it shows, in the system of equalized temperature, heat energy can not be converted into mechanical energy, heat energy produces power must have temperature difference as thermodynamic condition, thereby has verified that the machine by the single source continuous doing work does not manufacture, or perpetual motion machine of the second kind is non-existent.

4) Carnot cycle and thermal efficiency formula thereof are significant in thermodynamic (al) development.At first, it has established the theoretical foundation of the second law of thermodynamics; Secondly, the research of Carnot cycle has been pointed out direction for improving the various heat power machine thermals efficiency, closely may improve the endothermic temperature of working medium and reduce as far as possible the exothermic temperature of working medium, and heat release is carried out when can unearned minimum temperature being atmospheric temperature approaching.What propose in the Carnot cycle utilizes adiabatic compression to improve the method for gas endothermic temperature, still generally adopts in the heat power machine take gas as working medium so far.

5) limit point of Carnot cycle is atmospheric temperature, and to being lower than the process of refrigerastion circulation of environment temperature, Carnot cycle does not provide clear and definite answer.

Because the imperfection of coefficient of refrigerating performance, the scholar of lot of domestic and foreign studies it, and has proposed Perfect Suggestions.Ma Yitai etc. in the analysis of the research of the Energy Efficiency Standard of heat pump product and cycling hot mechanics sophistication " refrigeration with " in conjunction with Curzon and Ahlborn the analysis that this irreversible procedure introducing thermodynamic cycle of different transfer of heat is arranged, and the inspiration of the Finite-Time Thermodynamics that creates thus, in conjunction with the CA cycle efficieny, proposed the thermodynamics sophistication of CA direct circulation, made the efficiency research of refrigeration and heat pump product that progress to a certain degree arranged.

But use thermodynamic (al) basic theories can not make succinctly heat pump cycle, understand, explain intuitively.Therefore, really find the correct theoretical foundation of heat pump cycle, propose new liquid-circulating type heat pump assembly in this theoretical foundation and also can be applied to become the difficult point of art of heat pumps research in the reality.

Summary of the invention

Purpose of the present invention is exactly the imperfection that is applied to the heat pump theory analysis for solving Carnot's theorem, and the refrigerating theory that proposes corresponding to thermodynamic argument is cold theory of mechanics, and the new liquid-circulating type heat pump assembly of using this Theoretical Design.

The fundamental formular of describing cold theory of mechanics is:

${\mathrm{\η}}_c=1-\frac{T_{c2}}{T_{c1}}---\left(3\right)$

In the formula (3), Tc2＜Tc1＜To, To is environment temperature, is Kelvin's thermometric scale.

Relative environment temperature To, the maximum cold efficient of low-temperature receiver under Tc1, Tc2 is:

${\mathrm{\η}}_c=1-\frac{T_{c1}}{T_0}---\left(4\right)$

${\mathrm{\η}}_c=1-\frac{T_{c2}}{T_0}---\left(5\right)$

Be assumed to be q ₂The refrigerating capacity of circulation, w ₀Be the net work that circulates and consume, then when sink temperature is Tc1:

$w_0=(1-\frac{T_{c1}}{T_0})q_2---\left(6\right)$

Equally, when sink temperature is Tc2:

$w_0=(1-\frac{T_{c2}}{T_0})q_2---\left(7\right)$

Be not difficult to find out to (7) from formula (4), the efficient of cold mechanics is between 0 to 1, because irreversibility inevitable in the real process, kind of refrigeration cycle efficient is less than 1; When environment temperature To determined, sink temperature was lower, inputted same merit, and the refrigerating capacity of acquisition is more, thereby had indicated direction for constructing the i.e. cold efficient conversion of electricity of new kind of refrigeration cycle.

${\mathrm{\η}}_c=1-\sqrt{\frac{T_{c1}}{T_0}}---\left(8\right)$

The heat supply mean temperature of supposing heat pump is T ₁, heating load is Q ₀, environment temperature is T ₀, the average endothermic temperature of cold junction is Tc, recepts the caloric to be Q ₂, then the theoretical efficiency of heat pump is:

$\mathrm{\η}=\frac{(1-\frac{T_0}{T_1})Q_0+(1-\frac{T_c}{T_0})Q_2}{W}---\left(9\right)$

Consider the cold mechanics viewpoint of finite time, the heat pump efficiency formula after the improvement:

$\mathrm{\η}=\frac{(1-\sqrt{\frac{T_0}{T_1}})Q_0+(1-\sqrt{\frac{T_c}{T_0}})Q_2}{W}---\left(10\right)$

Based on above-mentioned basic principle, the present invention proposes to be different from traditional heat pump assembly, adopt back cooler to reclaim the cold that gaseous refrigerant produces because of compression, thereby improve the cycle efficieny of heat pump assembly, make the cold theory of mechanics of proposition become the real preliminary perfect theoretical system that can instruct the heat pump techniques Development Practice.

The objective of the invention is to realize by following measures: a kind of liquid-circulating type heat pump assembly, this device comprise for soft circulation circuit, it is characterized in that:

Described liquid-circulating type heat pump assembly, refer to from cold-producing medium basin (1) liquid refrigerant (2) out, after cryogenic liquid pump (3) supercharging, send into condenser/evaporator (8), cold is passed to the cold-producing medium that backflows, discharge and deliver to custom system (6) after the compressed machine of gaseous refrigerant (5) supercharging that cold, temperature raise and carry out heat supply; Return cold-producing medium basin (1) from custom system (6) refrigerant gas out through condenser/evaporator (8), choke valve (9), thereby form the soft circulation circuit that supplies of liquid-circulating type heat pump assembly.

Be provided with cool exchanger (4):

From cold-producing medium basin (1) liquid refrigerant (2) out, after cryogenic liquid pump (3) supercharging, send into condenser/evaporator (8), cool exchanger (4), cold is passed to the cold-producing medium that backflows, discharge and deliver to custom system (6) after the compressed machine of gaseous refrigerant (5) supercharging that cold, temperature raise and carry out heat supply; Return cold-producing medium basin (1) from custom system (6) refrigerant gas out through cool exchanger (4), condenser/evaporator (8), choke valve (9), thereby form the soft circulation circuit that supplies of liquid-circulating type heat pump assembly.

Described cool exchanger (4) adopts necessary augmentation of heat transfer measure, and as increasing fin, adopting plate-fin heat exchanger, micro-channel heat exchanger etc., the cold medium that changes in the described cool exchanger (4) adopts the cold mode that indirectly passes.

Described compressor (5) can adopt RHVC.

Described cold-producing medium basin (1) adopts necessary cold insulation measure, as adopting the cold insulation materials such as heat-insulation vacuum container, pearlife.

Unaccounted equipment and back-up system thereof, pipeline, instrument, valve, cold insulation among the present invention, have the known mature technologies of employing such as regulatory function bypass facility and carry out supporting.

Be provided with safety, the control facility supporting with liquid-circulating type heat pump assembly of the present invention, make device energy economy, safety, high thermal efficiency operation, reach purpose energy-saving and cost-reducing, environmental protection.

The present invention has following advantage compared to existing technology:

1, compares with traditional heat pump assembly, be not subjected to the impact of external environment factor for the evaporimeter in the thermal cycle, during the heat supply of compressor compresses cold-producing medium, gaseous refrigerant is effectively reclaimed because of the refrigerating capacity that compression produces, equipment is installed convenient, safety, flow setting is more succinct, more meets the energy-conserving and environment-protective principle, is the breakthrough to the conventional heat pump technology.

2, the heat pump assembly that the maintenance load of equipment is more traditional has the reduction of very big degree, and greatly prolong the service life of whole unit.

3, pass cold, heat exchange reinforcement: more traditional heat pump assembly, can adopt easily to strengthen to pass cold element, the efficient of source pump improves more, reaches more than 20%.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of liquid-circulating type heat pump assembly schematic flow sheet of the present invention.

Among Fig. 1: 1-cold-producing medium basin, 2-liquid refrigerant, 3-cryogenic liquid pump, 3-1-cryogenic liquid pump by-pass line, 3-2-cool exchanger inlet line, 4-cool exchanger, 5-compressor, 6-custom system, 7-refrigerant gas, 8-condenser/evaporator, 9-choke valve.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.

Embodiment 1.

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of liquid-circulating type heat pump assembly, specific embodiment is as follows:

From cold-producing medium basin (1) liquid refrigerant (2) out, after cryogenic liquid pump (3) supercharging, send into condenser/evaporator (8), cool exchanger (4), cold is passed to the cold-producing medium that backflows, discharge and deliver to custom system (6) after the compressed machine of gaseous refrigerant (5) supercharging that cold, temperature raise and carry out heat supply; Return cold-producing medium basin (1) from custom system (6) refrigerant gas (7) out through cool exchanger (4), condenser/evaporator (8), choke valve (9), thereby form the soft circulation circuit that supplies of liquid-circulating type heat pump assembly.

Described cool exchanger (4) adopts necessary augmentation of heat transfer measure, and as increasing fin, adopting plate-fin heat exchanger, micro-channel heat exchanger etc., the cold medium that changes in the described cool exchanger (4) adopts the cold mode that indirectly passes.

Described compressor (5) can adopt RHVC.

Described cold-producing medium basin (1) adopts necessary cold insulation measure, as adopting the cold insulation materials such as heat-insulation vacuum container, pearlife.

Unaccounted equipment and back-up system thereof, pipeline, instrument, valve, cold insulation among the present invention, have the known mature technologies of employing such as regulatory function bypass facility and carry out supporting.

Be provided with safety, the control facility supporting with liquid-circulating type heat pump assembly of the present invention, make device energy economy, safety, high thermal efficiency operation, reach purpose energy-saving and cost-reducing, environmental protection.

Although the present invention with preferred embodiment openly as above, they are not to limit the present invention, anyly are familiar with this skill person, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, certainly when making various changes or retouch, belong to equally the present invention's protection domain.Therefore protection scope of the present invention should with the application claim was defined is as the criterion.

Claims (3)

1. liquid-circulating type heat pump assembly, it comprises for soft circulation circuit, it is characterized in that:

Described for soft circulation circuit, refer to from cold-producing medium basin (1) liquid refrigerant (2) out, after cryogenic liquid pump (3) supercharging, send into condenser/evaporator (8), cold is passed to the cold-producing medium that backflows, discharge and deliver to custom system (6) after the compressed machine of gaseous refrigerant (5) supercharging that cold, temperature raise heats up and carry out heat supply; Return cold-producing medium basin (1) from custom system (6) refrigerant gas (7) out through condenser/evaporator (8), choke valve (9), thereby form described for soft circulation circuit.

2. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

Be provided with cool exchanger (4):

From cold-producing medium basin (1) liquid refrigerant (2) out, after cryogenic liquid pump (3) supercharging, send into condenser/evaporator (8), cool exchanger (4), cold is passed to the cold-producing medium that backflows, discharge and deliver to custom system (6) after the compressed machine of gaseous refrigerant (5) supercharging that cold, temperature raise heats up and carry out heat supply; Return cold-producing medium basin (1) from custom system (6) refrigerant gas (7) out through cool exchanger (4), condenser/evaporator (8), choke valve (9), thereby form described for soft circulation circuit.

3. device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that:

Described compressor (5) adopts RHVC.

Images