CN203176246U - Friction damper with adjustable pretightening force - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a friction damper with adjustable pretightening force. The friction damper with the adjustable pretightening force comprises a plunger and a restraint cylinder. At least a part of the plunger is arranged inside the restraint cylinder. A tightening device which is closed in an annular mode is arranged on the outer surface, corresponding to the working surface of the inner wall of the restraint cylinder, of the restraint cylinder. The friction damper with the adjustable pretightening force is characterized in that the tightening device is at least a set of combination restraint rings. Each combination restraint ring is formed by an outer circular ring and an inner circular ring in a matched mode, wherein the outer circular ring is provided with an inner conical surface and the inner circular ring is provided with an outer conical surface. The plunger is in close and contacted fit with the inner wall of the restraint cylinder, or a wear-resistant antirust layer or a wear-resistant antirust piece or a wear-resistant antirust cover is arranged between the plunger and the inner wall of the restraint cylinder. The friction damper with the adjustable pretightening force is simple in structure, stable in performance, free from the need for repairing basically, long in service life, good in practicability and broad in market application prospect; damping parameters can be adjusted conveniently, and optimization and adjustment can be conducted on the damping parameters of the friction damper with the adjustable pretightening force according to field engineering practice.

Description

The frcition damper that pretightening force is adjustable

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of impact, vibration, earthquake control gear, a kind of damper, the shock-damping energy-dissipating damper of especially industry buffering and building structure.

Background technique

Damper is a kind of widely used vibration control primary element, is used for machinery, the traffic tool, bridge, the vibration damping of building structure, buffering, damping, power consumption.

Modal damper is hole throttle type, also claim hydraulic oil cylinder type, it is made up of piston, cylinder body and sealing, piston be provided with some apertures or and cylinder body between leave suitable radial clearance, piston is divided into the two-piston chamber with oil cylinder, be filled with the high slightly viscous liquid of hydraulic oil or viscosity in the piston cavity, as silicone oil, when piston moves with respect to oil cylinder, hydraulic oil from the piston clearance or aperture flow to another piston cavity, two-piston cavity pressure difference forms the resistance to motion to piston, the acting, mechanical energy is converted into heat energy, thereby reaches the purpose that absorbs outside energy.This damper is updated through decades, and is very perfect.But because the structure aspect has born defective, for example must adopt strict sealing, complex structure, to machining accuracy and parts reliability sensitivity, the cost height, the life-span is short, can't keep in repair, and work oil leaks easy befouling environment etc.Common damper also comprises buckling-restrained support and metal yield damper, these dampers are mainly used in building antiseismic field, and this type of damper is usually only at the macroseism design, and displacement is limited, yield force and displacement and circulation cycle have coherence, can't keep in repair to reuse.

Another kind of damper commonly used is frcition damper, and it is used for bridge, the energy dissipating buffering of building structure, energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing.At present, frcition damper commonly used mainly is divided into two classes: a class is utilized calutron control force of sliding friction, a kind of magnetically controlled friction damper of application number 018007365.4 patent disclosure for example, this type of damper structure complexity, need certain energy in the using process, so cost and user cost are all higher; The another kind of Der Grundsatz der Maschinen control force of sliding friction that utilizes, this type of commonly used frcition damper mainly contains flat and two kinds of circular pipe types on the market, for example a kind of linear displacement friction damper of a kind of plate-type friction-changing damper of application number 200810056406.6 patent disclosures and application number 200910210939.X patent disclosure.In the prior art, flat frcition damper mainly is made up of slide plate and clamping plate, compress by pretension bolt and spring assembling again, because used spring in the structure, pretightening force is less, be difficult to realize big damping force output, if think significantly to improve pretightening force, the spring requisite space is too big, and poor practicability uses separately that pretension bolt can't keep again that damping force is long-time, many cycles is stable; The frcition damper of circular pipe type mainly is made up of urceolus and piston, interference fit by urceolus and piston forms the required positive pressure of rubbing surface, this type of frcition damper in the course of the work, can't keep rubbing surface and be in high compressive pre-stress state all the time, in case wearing and tearing appear in piston or outer tube inner wall, exert oneself and will decline to a great extent, the damping capacity instability is difficult to satisfy the many cycles usage requirement.In addition, because that this type of damper requires the mated condition of urceolus and piston is very high, so assembling difficulty is big, and performance parameter is wayward, and can't keep in repair and reuse.

Defective at above-mentioned damper, application number a kind of friction damper that has been 201220208910.5 patent disclosure, it utilizes pretension annulus or pretension cotton rope to constitute the device of tightening of hoop closure, stable circumference stress is provided, when plunger and about bundled tube relatively move, produce the friction damping force that continues, realize the effect of power consumption.Though this friction damper can be realized bigger damping force output, damping capacity is more stable, applicability is also better, but also there is certain shortcoming, show: when (1) utilizes the conduct of pretension annulus to tighten device, the damping parameter of friction damper is fixed, and can't carry out scene adjustment according to the engineering actual conditions; (2) the pretension cotton rope constitutes when tightening device, and it twines the processing technology more complicated applying under the state of pretightening force, the manipulator that needs specialty, misoperation, damping parameter will change, and therefore also can't carry out parameter adjustment at the scene generally speaking.Because the existence of above-mentioned shortcoming, the marketing that has influenced friction damper is to a certain extent used.

How to overcome the defective of existing frcition damper, make it satisfy the needs that engineering is used better, become the difficult problem that this series products must solve in marketing is used.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is exactly in order to overcome above-mentioned defective, provides a kind of damping parameter to be convenient to the adjustable frcition damper of regulating at the scene of pretightening force.

The frcition damper that the utility model pretightening force is adjustable is achieved in that and comprises plunger and about bundled tube, plunger part at least is arranged in about bundled tube, the working surface of corresponding about bundled tube inwall is provided with the device of tightening of hoop closure on the outer surface of about bundled tube, it is characterized in that tightening device is at least one group of combination confinement ring, the combination confinement ring is cooperated with the interior annulus that has male cone (strobilus masculinus) by the outer toroid that has inner conical surface and forms, plunger closely contacts cooperation with about bundled tube inwall, perhaps between plunger and the about bundled tube inwall wear resistant and rustproof layer, wear resistant and rustproof sheet or wear resistant and rustproof cover is set.

Quantity and the fit system of annulus and outer toroid can be varied in the combination confinement ring, for example interior annulus and outer toroid axially are crisscross arranged along about bundled tube, the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the inner conical surface of outer toroid and adjacent interior annulus cooperatively interacts, and adjacent interior annulus is or/and leave the gap between the adjacent outer toroid; In addition, the setting that superposes each other of outer toroid and interior annulus, the inner conical surface of outer toroid cooperatively interacts with the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the interior annulus that is superimposed, and outer toroid and interior annulus respectively arrange one at least.Wherein, when the quantity of outer toroid and interior annulus surpassed one, between the adjacent outer toroid and all very close to each other between the annulus in adjacent, and the inner conical surface true dip direction of adjacent outer toroid also kept identical with the male cone (strobilus masculinus) true dip direction of interior annulus.

Tightening device and can also comprise and be arranged on auxiliary the tighten device of combination on the confinement ring in the frcition damper that the utility model pretightening force is adjustable.Auxiliary tighten device and can be constituted by spring steel loop or spring steel pipe, in addition, the auxiliary device of tightening can also be made of jointly the pretension cotton rope that twine on auxiliary about bundled tube and auxiliary about bundled tube surface of the surface setting of combination confinement ring, described pretension cotton rope can be made by metallic material or non-metallic fiber material, and it specifically can be various forms such as silk, line, rope.

In order to give full play to the pretension effect of tightening device, the local cylindrical shell of the about bundled tube that cooperates with plunger is provided with at least one along the axially extended pressure release of cylindrical shell seam.In addition, for the ease of being connected with peripheral structure, plunger is or/and arrange joining interface on about bundled tube, and joining interface comprises joining plate, coupling ring, thread connector or connecting flange, and thread connector comprises screw rod or screw.In addition, enter in the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force in order to prevent foreign matter, between plunger and the about bundled tube seal protection cover can also be set.

For preventing from making up in use the meet accident consideration of slippage of confinement ring, combination confinement ring both sides also are provided with pre-tightening apparatus.The concrete form of described pre-tightening apparatus is varied, and it can go up position limit pin, positive stop or the spacing shoulder block that arranges for the constraint tube; In addition, another kind of typical structure is that the pre-tightening apparatus that makes up confinement ring one side setting at least is made of pretightening force adjusting nut and the corresponding external thread structure that arranges of the local outer surface of about bundled tube; The third typical structure is that the pre-tightening apparatus that makes up confinement ring one side setting at least arranges external thread structure by pretightening force adjusting nut and the local outer surface correspondence of interior annulus and constitutes.It is to be noted that especially described pretightening force adjusting nut can also be hydraulic nut except using plain nut.Except playing the effect of pre-tightening apparatus, another beneficial effect that the pretightening force adjusting nut is set is, by adjusting the position of pretightening force adjusting nut, can realize adjusting the damping parameter of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force easily.In addition, be the convenient purpose that realizes adjusting damping parameter of the present utility model, also can between the pre-tightening apparatus of combination confinement ring and at least one side, the space compensation ring be set.

For convenience assemble and adjust needs such as exporting damping force between about bundled tube and the plunger, the inwall of at least one side end of about bundled tube is provided with the transition chamfering, perhaps plunger at least the part be cone.In addition, in order to reach the purpose that increases the service life, prevent that simultaneously plunger and about bundled tube generation cold bonding from connecting or corrosion, can be in the utility model the inwall of about bundled tube or the surface of plunger the wear resistant and rustproof layer is set, wear resistant and rustproof sheet or wear resistant and rustproof cover, can be used for constituting described wear resistant and rustproof layer, the material of wear resistant and rustproof sheet or wear resistant and rustproof cover comprises cermet material, powdered metallurgical material, Cu alloy material, carbon fibre material and brake block etc., wherein wear resistant and rustproof cover and wear Protection sheet can utilize fastening piece to connect, connection technologies such as embedded connection or welding are fixed together with about bundled tube or plunger, and the wear resistant and rustproof layer can utilize plating, sintering, pyrolytic coating, modes such as laser bonding are arranged on the respective surfaces of about bundled tube or plunger.

Described about bundled tube also can adopt split type structure, is made up of jointly at least two about bundled tubes of son.

The frcition damper that the utility model pretightening force is adjustable equally also is applicable to the operating mode of rotation, for example, at about bundled tube or plunger antitorque turned flange is set, and corresponding plunger or about bundled tube are provided with rotation switching mechanism.Described rotation switching mechanism comprises twisted wire dish, wheel and rack matching mechanism, sprocket wheel and chain matching mechanism, toothed belt and belt pulley matching mechanism, slide block and guiding groove matching mechanism or clutch mechanism etc.Utilize to rotate will the link to each other moving displacement of external structure of switching mechanism and shift or be converted into relatively rotating between plunger and the about bundled tube, because about bundled tube surface is provided with and tightens device, when relatively rotating, plunger and about bundled tube can produce the surface friction drag that continues between the two, thereby realize power consumption, make the motion of the external structure that links to each other be tending towards static very soon.

The combination confinement ring can directly be made of annular spring in the utility model.In addition, the combination confinement ring can also adopt following structure: comprise the interior annulus that has male cone (strobilus masculinus) and the outer toroid that has inner conical surface, and the middle annulus that between interior annulus and outer toroid, also has inner conical surface and male cone (strobilus masculinus) simultaneously, the three cooperates successively by the conical surface.According to the requirement of engineering difference, described in the middle of annulus one deck can only be set, also can arrange two-layer at least, when middle annulus arrange two-layer or two-layer when above, outer in the middle of in the middle of the inner conical surface of annulus and the adjacent inner layer male cone (strobilus masculinus) of annulus cooperatively interact.

When the frcition damper that the utility model pretightening force is adjustable is worked, plunger is or/and about bundled tube produces relative movement under external force vertically or around axial generation deflection, because the constraint tube outer surface is provided with the special device of tightening, tightening device can lay in the higher stress of tightening and produce bigger to about bundled tube, and very stable binding force, therefore when plunger and about bundled tube generation relative movement, can produce the surface friction drag of an obstruction plunger motion between about bundled tube inwall and the plunger, this surface friction drag always moving direction with plunger is opposite, thereby consume the external force acting, mechanical energy is converted into heat energy.The frcition damper that the utility model pretightening force is adjustable arranges the hoop closure and tightens all advantages of existing friction damper of device except possessing, because utilizing the combination confinement ring in the utility model uses as tightening device, by the relative position between outer toroid and the interior annulus in the change combination confinement ring, the hoop of tightening device and providing just can be provided tighten power, thereby change the damping parameter of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force, realize different damping force output, therefore the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force can be easy to realize carrying out the damping parameter adjustment at the scene according to requirement of engineering, and its practicability and applicability are stronger.

The frcition damper that the utility model pretightening force is adjustable, simple in structure, stable performance, substantially need not maintenance, long service life, can continue after the maintenance to use, have regenerative nature, very environmental protection, particularly the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force can carry out the damping parameter adjustment easily, therefore can be on-the-spot according to engineering reality the damping parameter of product be optimized adjustment, its engineering practicability is better, has wide market application prospect.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is one of structural representation of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force.

Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the application schematic representation of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force shown in Figure 1.

Fig. 4 be the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force structural representation two.

Fig. 5 is the plan view of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is one of application schematic representation of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force shown in Figure 5.

Fig. 7 is the B portion enlarged view among Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 be the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force shown in Figure 5 the application schematic representation two.

Fig. 9 be the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force structural representation three.

Figure 10 is the application schematic representation of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force shown in Figure 9.

Figure 11 is four and application schematic representation of the structural representation of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force.

Figure 12 is five and application schematic representation of the structural representation of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force.

Figure 13 is six and application schematic representation of the structural representation of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force.

Figure 14 be the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force structural representation seven.

Figure 15 is the application schematic representation of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force shown in Figure 14.

Figure 16 is that the D of Figure 15 is to view.

Figure 17 be the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force structural representation eight.

Figure 18 is the application schematic representation of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force shown in Figure 17.

Figure 19 be the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force structural representation nine.

Figure 20 be the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force structural representation ten.

Figure 21 be the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force structural representation 11.

Figure 22 is the application schematic representation of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force shown in Figure 21.

Figure 23 be the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force structural representation 12.

Figure 24 is 13 and application schematic representation of the structural representation of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force.

Figure 25 is 14 and application schematic representation of the structural representation of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force.

Figure 26 is the E-E sectional view of Figure 25.

Figure 27 is 15 and application schematic representation of the structural representation of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force.

Figure 28 is that the F of Figure 27 is to view.

Figure 29 is 16 and application schematic representation of the structural representation of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force.

Figure 30 be the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force structural representation 17.

Figure 31 be the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force structural representation 18.

Figure 32 is 19 and application schematic representation of the structural representation of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force.

Figure 33 is 20 and application schematic representation of the structural representation of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force.

Figure 34 is the H-H sectional view of Figure 33.

Figure 35 be the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force structural representation 21.

Figure 36 be the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force structural representation 22.

Figure 37 be the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force structural representation 23.

Figure 38 be the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force structural representation 24.

Figure 39 be the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force structural representation 25.

Figure 40 be the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force structural representation 26.

Figure 41 be the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force structural representation 27.

Embodiment

Embodiment one

The adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, comprise plunger 1 and about bundled tube 2, plunger 1 closely contacts with the working surface of about bundled tube 2 inwalls, the working surface of the corresponding about bundled tube inwall of constraint tube outer surface is provided with the device of tightening of hoop closure, tightening device is one group of combination confinement ring, the combination confinement ring is made up of a plurality of outer toroid 3 and a plurality of interior annulus 4 cooperations that have male cone (strobilus masculinus) that have inner conical surface, is interference fit between the interior annulus 4 in the combination confinement ring and about bundled tube 2 outer surfaces.

Describe with the routine working principle to the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force that is applied as in bridge structure below, wherein the plunger 1 of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force and about bundled tube 2 are made by steel, make up interior annulus 4 in the confinement ring and outer toroid 3 and make by spring steel.As shown in Figure 3, import as the design of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force according to the theoretical design parameter of bridge, determine each constituent elements size and the damping force output of the frcition damper that the utility model pretightening force is adjustable.During frcition damper that assembling the utility model pretightening force is adjustable, at first plunger 1, about bundled tube 2 and combination confinement ring are assembled together, confinement ring is made up in extruding then, until realization about bundled tube 2 is applied predetermined, stable binding force by outer toroid 3 and 4 the relative position of each other of interior annulus in the change combination confinement ring, two otic placodes 90 of recycling are weldingly fixed on about bundled tube 2 from combination confinement ring both sides, thereby the position that will make up confinement ring limits.When assembling with bridge structure, otic placode 90 is anchored fixing steel connecting base 5 in bridge 6 be weldingly fixed on, the two ends of plunger 1 are weldingly fixed on the steel connecting base 7 that anchor is fixedly installed in the bridge pier 8, finish the assembling of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force between bridge 6 and bridge pier 8.When taking place along the axial relative movement of plunger 1 between bridge 6 and the bridge pier 8, can drive between plunger 1 and the about bundled tube 2 and produce relative movement, because about bundled tube 2 surfaces are provided with the device of tightening of combination confinement ring formation, tightening device can lay in the higher stress of tightening and produce bigger to about bundled tube, and very stable binding force, therefore when relative movement takes place with about bundled tube 2 in plunger 1, can produce the surface friction drag of an obstruction plunger motion between about bundled tube 2 inwalls and the plunger 1, this surface friction drag always moving direction with plunger is opposite, thereby consume the external force acting, the mechanical energy of relative movement between bridge 6 and the bridge pier 8 is converted into heat energy, thereby the consumption external energy is realized oscillation damping and energy dissipating.According to the power of the tightening difference that provides of adopt combination confinement ring, the frcition damper that the utility model pretightening force is adjustable can provide different damping force output, therefore according to different requirement of engineering, select corresponding combination confinement ring, the vibration that the utility model both can be used for that the daily use vehicle of control bridge travels or severse weather such as strong wind causes, also can be used for the pontic relative movement that the control earthquake produces, can both play well and the power consumption protective action.Based on above-mentioned working principle, the frcition damper that the utility model pretightening force is adjustable can be widely used in vibration damping, buffering, the power consumption of machinery, the traffic tool, bridge, building structure.

Owing to do not adopt any liquid damping material in the frcition damper that the utility model pretightening force is adjustable, there is not the direction restriction when therefore using, the hidden danger that does not also have leakage pollution environment, be subjected to environmental influence very little, compare with existing damper, its damping capacity is more stable, and applicability and the feature of environmental protection are also better.The advantage that technical solutions of the utility model are the most outstanding is, in the time need adjusting on a small quantity damping parameter because of reasons such as engineering construction errors, the spacing that only needs to change between the otic placode 90 just can realize, very convenient, be conducive to guarantee the accuracy of damping parameter, thereby realize best oscillation damping and energy dissipating effect.

It is to be noted, in this routine described technological scheme, the power of tightening of combination confinement ring is passed to plunger again by about bundled tube barrel distortion, because the deformability of about bundled tube is limited, for guaranteeing that the power of tightening is converted into the prestressing force on the contact surface between about bundled tube and the plunger better, in this type of technological scheme, the wall thickness of about bundled tube should not be too thick, in order to avoid the intensity of about bundled tube is excessive, hindered the power of tightening to the transmission of plunger surface, reduced the pretightening force that about bundled tube is applied to plunger surface, i.e. positive pressure between the two, thus reduce the damping force of final output.

Be made for example by steel and describe with plunger 1, about bundled tube 2 in the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force in this example, in the practical application, different according to the difference of service condition and required damping force, also can utilize materials such as nylon, engineering plastics to make plunger or/and about bundled tube, can realize the effect of certain vibration damping, buffering, power consumption.In addition, select for use spring steel to make outer toroid 3 and the interior annulus 4 of combination confinement ring in this example, be because spring steel has high strength and high elongation, be suitable for providing the power of tightening, certainly outer toroid and interior annulus are except can utilizing spring steel processing, according to the difference of required damping force output, also can utilize the steel of other types, metallic material or the nonmetal type of other types to make.

Be provided with one group of combination confinement ring in the frcition damper that the utility model pretightening force shown in Figure 1 is adjustable, a plurality of interior annulus and outer toroid that axially are crisscross arranged along about bundled tube have been comprised in the combination confinement ring, the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the inner conical surface of outer toroid and adjacent interior annulus cooperatively interacts, and leaves the gap between the adjacent interior annulus and between the adjacent outer toroid.According to know-why wherein, make up confinement ring in theory and can only be formed by two interior annulus and an outer toroid, the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the inner conical surface of outer toroid and adjacent interior annulus cooperatively interacts, and leaves the gap between the adjacent interior annulus; Perhaps only formed by two outer toroid and an interior annulus; the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the inner conical surface of outer toroid and adjacent interior annulus cooperatively interacts; leave the gap between the adjacent outer toroid; it all is the simple change on the utility model know-why; the size of outer toroid and interior annulus and quantity can design and select according to requirement of engineering; thereby the signal of can't drawing one by one, only describe with literal at this, all among the protection domain that the utility model requires.

The frcition damper that the utility model pretightening force is adjustable, simple in structure, stable performance, substantially need not maintenance, long service life, can continue after the maintenance to use, have regenerative nature, very environmental protection, particularly the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force can carry out the damping parameter adjustment easily, therefore can be on-the-spot according to engineering reality the damping parameter of product be optimized adjustment, its engineering practicability is better, has wide market application prospect.

Embodiment two

The adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, be with embodiment one difference, combination confinement ring both sides also are provided with pre-tightening apparatus, and pre-tightening apparatus comprises that about bundled tube 2 outer surfaces correspondence of steel makes up the confinement ring both sides and welds two positive stops 11 that fixedly install respectively.In addition, the about bundled tube sidewall at corresponding outer toroid 3 and interior annulus 4 assembling positions arranges four along the axially extended pressure release of cylindrical shell seam 12, and described four pressure release seam 12 evenly distributes along the hoops of about bundled tube sidewall.In addition, for the ease of being connected with peripheral structure, be respectively arranged with joining interface on plunger and the about bundled tube, described joining interface is specially the joining plate 10 that welding arranges on the plunger 1, and the fixing joining plate 9 of welding on about bundled tube 2.Have again, constitute the annular spring that the combination confinement ring of tightening device directly adopts finished product, annular spring is cooperated with the interior annulus 4 that has male cone (strobilus masculinus) by the outer toroid 3 that has inner conical surface equally and forms, and is interference fit between the interior annulus 4 in the combination confinement ring and about bundled tube 2 outer surfaces.Plunger assembles with about bundled tube for convenience, and the inwall of about bundled tube 2 one side ends is provided with transition chamfering 50.

Because the combination confinement ring directly adopts annular spring to constitute, it can realize standardization and seriation easily, and is conducive to guarantee to make up the quality of confinement ring, thereby guarantees the damping capacity of the frcition damper that the utility model pretightening force is adjustable.Certainly, based on embodiment one know-why, in this routine described technological scheme, interior annulus and outer toroid in the combination confinement ring also can utilize steel to process.

Be applied between bridge 16 and the bridge pier 13 with the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force below, be used to example with bridge pad 14 and describe.As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, frcition damper 15 length directions along bridge that the utility model pretightening force shown in Figure 4 is adjustable are arranged between bridge 16 and the bridge pier 13, also be provided with bridge pad 14 between bridge 16 and the bridge pier 13, bridge pad allows bridge with respect to bridge pier vertical and horizontal relative movement of the body of a bridge along the body of a bridge.For the ease of assembling with the adjustable frcition damper of pretightening force, integrated setting has limiting stopper 17 on the bridge 12, limiting stopper 17 is provided with and connects otic placode 19, correspondence is provided with and connects otic placode 21 on the bridge pier 13, during assembling, joining plate 10 on the plunger 1 is with to be connected otic placode 19 hinged by bearing pin 18, and to pass through bearing pin 20 hinged with being connected otic placode 21 by joining plate 9 for about bundled tube 2, finishes the assembling of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force between bridge 16 and bridge pier 13.When bridge 16 and bridge pier 13 are subjected to the external force excitation (as train braking, earthquake) when vibration along the bridge length direction taking place, because the isolation buffer effect of bridge pad 14, bridge 16 can produce relative to-and-fro motion with respect to bridge pier 13, and then to-and-fro motion take place in drive plunger 1 relative restraint tube 2, because the combination confinement ring that is made of interior annulus 4 and outer toroid 3 of about bundled tube 2 outer surface settings continues to produce very big to about bundled tube 2, stable binding force, therefore when relative movement takes place with about bundled tube 2 in plunger 1, can produce the surface friction drag of an obstruction plunger motion between about bundled tube inwall and the plunger, thereby consume the external force acting, mechanical energy is converted into heat energy, the very fast meeting of the vibrational energy of bridge 16 is absorbed by the adjustable frcition damper consumption of the utility model pretightening force like this, realizes the energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing to bridge 16.

Owing in this routine described technological scheme, be respectively arranged with joining plate on plunger and the about bundled tube, therefore when the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force meets accident damage, can dismantle at any time and repair or replace, very convenient.In addition, discharge seam 12 owing to be provided with pressure at about bundled tube 2 barrels, can guarantee effectively that the binding force that makes up confinement ring fully is passed to plunger 1, therefore can significantly improve the pretightening force of about bundled tube coupled columns plug, when plunger and about bundled tube relatively move, can produce very big surface friction drag to each other, and then improve the damping of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force greatly.In addition, discharge seam 12 owing to be provided with pressure, the deformability of about bundled tube improves, and can adopt the about bundled tube of thicker steel pipe manufacturing, the working life that is conducive to improve product.Be that example describes to arrange four along the axially extended pressure release of cylindrical shell seam 12 only in this example, in actual applications, the quantity that pressure discharges seam also can be one, two, three, five or even more, when the quantity of pressure release seam surpasses one, for making about bundled tube stressed more even, in general, pressure discharges to stitch and all adopts the uniform mode of hoop of the about bundled tube sidewall in edge to arrange.

In the time need adjusting on a small quantity damping parameter because of reasons such as engineering construction errors, only need the spacing between the change positive stop 11 just can realize, very convenient, be conducive to guarantee the accuracy of damping parameter, thereby realize the oscillation damping and energy dissipating effect of the best.In the practical application, the positive stop 11 of one side can be removed, device such as recycling press machine is extruding combination confinement ring again, until the power of tightening that realizes being suitable for engine request, and then the positive stop 11 of burn-oning again, realization is spacing to the combination confinement ring, and operating process is very simple, and only needs manpower and materials seldom just can be finished the correction of damping parameter.

Based on this routine described application principle, except the frcition damper that the utility model pretightening force is adjustable 15 length directions along bridge were arranged between bridge 16 and the bridge pier 13, frcition damper 15 width directions along bridge that can also the utility model pretightening force is adjustable were arranged between bridge 16 and the bridge pier 13.For example, as shown in Figure 8, length direction along bridge is arranged one group of frcition damper 15 that the utility model pretightening force is adjustable between bridge 16 and bridge pier 13, width direction along bridge also is furnished with the adjustable frcition damper 15 of other one group of the utility model pretightening force between bridge 16 and bridge pier 13 simultaneously, like this, when bridge 16 produced relative movement along the bridge length direction with respect to bridge pier 13, the adjustable frcition damper of arranging between bridge 16 and bridge pier 13 along the length direction of bridge 15 of the utility model pretightening force can consume external force and do work; When bridge 16 produced relative movement along the bridge width direction with respect to bridge pier 13, the adjustable frcition damper of arranging between bridge 16 and bridge pier 13 along the bridge width direction 15 of the utility model pretightening force can consume external force and do work.In general, bridge in use, can produce simultaneously along the relative displacement of bridge length and width direction between bridge 16 and the bridge pier 13, therefore arrange respectively that the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force 15 can be controlled bridge 16 simultaneously on this both direction and the relative movement of 13 on bridge pier at both direction, the buffer shock-absorbing effect of realizing ideal.Certainly, can select different application modes according to the building structure difference, for example, for the bridge of simple beam structure, the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force of control both direction can be set respectively on same bridge pier as shown in Figure 8; Bridge for beam structure, the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force of a certain direction of control also can be set at the part bridge pier, at other bridge piers the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force of controlling other direction is set, in use can selects application mode according to installation conditions and requirement of engineering.

Need to prove, as embodiment one and the adjustable frcition damper of embodiment's two described the utility model pretightening forces, plunger is cylindrical body, it can rotate in about bundled tube, because the combination confinement ring that spring steel is made has applied the binding force that continues to about bundled tube, same inwall with about bundled tube rubbed when therefore plunger rotated, thereby consumed the external force acting, and mechanical energy is converted into heat energy.So, adopt the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force of this type of technological scheme, at plunger and about bundled tube damping force takes place to provide when axially relatively moving not only, damping force can also when relatively rotating, plunger and about bundled tube be provided.As seen, adopt the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force of cylindrical body plunger, plunger is not limited to relatively moving along axial direction with the relative movement of about bundled tube, also comprised relatively rotating between the two, as long as above-mentioned two kinds of situations have a speciogenesis, the utility model will be started working automatically, realize oscillation damping and energy dissipating, so the adjustable frcition damper of this type of the utility model pretightening force is applicable to the place that the damping force that prevents relative deflection need be provided too.In sum, the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force can be widely used in vibration damping, buffering, the power consumption of machinery, the traffic tool, bridge, building structure.

Embodiment three

The adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force as shown in Figure 9, be with embodiment two difference, be respectively arranged with joining interface on plunger and the about bundled tube, described joining interface is specially the connecting flange 21 that welding arranges on the plunger 1, and the fixing coupling ring 24 of welding on about bundled tube 2.In addition, plunger 1 being exposed shown in the C of about bundled tube outside local segment is arranged to by the tapered cone structure of connecting flange 21 1 lateral restraint tube directions, until identical with about bundled tube 2 internal diameter sizes.

Be that example describes to be applied in the steel-frame structure below.During installation, utilize fastening piece 23 that the connecting flange 21 that fixedly installs on the connecting flange 22 that fixedly installs on the girder steel 27 and the plunger 1 is linked together, realize being connected of plunger 1 and girder steel 27; Utilize fastening piece 26 that the coupling ring 24 that fixedly installs on the connecting flange that fixedly installs on the girder steel 28 25 and the about bundled tube 2 is linked together, realize being connected of about bundled tube 2 and girder steel 28, finish the assembling of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force.When between girder steel 27 and the girder steel 28 relative movement taking place, can drive between plunger and the about bundled tube of son and produce relative movement, and then realize oscillation damping and energy dissipating.Its power consumption principle and embodiment two are identical, no longer repeat at this.It is to be noted, because the C place local segment of plunger 1 is arranged to cone, so in the working procedure, when the cone segments of plunger enters about bundled tube, damping force can increase rapidly along with the cone segments length that plunger enter about bundled tube and increase, and realizes effectively hindering the close effect mutually of girder steel 27 and girder steel 28.The frcition damper that the utility model pretightening force of this structure is adjustable can be realized very big damping force.

Embodiment four

According to embodiment's three described know-whies, also plunger can be arranged to cone fully.The adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force as shown in figure 11 is that with embodiment three difference plunger 1 is for to become big cone from an end that inserts about bundled tube 2 gradually to the other end size.Be that example describes to be applied in the steel-frame structure still, be that with embodiment four difference during installation, the frcition damper that the utility model pretightening force is adjustable also can be applied to the occasion of vertical setting, concrete mounting type is identical with the description among the embodiment four, no longer is repeated in this description.Identical with embodiment four, when the plunger of cone structure entered about bundled tube, damping force can increase rapidly along with the length that plunger enter about bundled tube and increase, and realized effectively hindering girder steel 27 and girder steel 28 effect close to each other.

This example is that example describes with the vertical adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force that arranges, because the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force is not subjected to the restriction of service orientation, therefore the level that can be arranged to as required is to various forms such as, vertical, inclinations, can realize good effect, these characteristics also are applicable to the described technical solutions of the utility model of other embodiments, illustrate in the lump at this

Embodiment five

The adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force as shown in figure 12 is that with embodiment four difference the pre-tightening apparatus that combination confinement ring both sides arrange is made of position limit pin 43.In addition, plunger 1 two ends all extend to the outside of about bundled tube 2, and the local segment C of cone structure all is set simultaneously.The difference of technological scheme is during application and among the embodiment four, and is corresponding with the structural change of plunger 1, changes the structure of connecting flange 25 in the girder steel 28, for plunger 1 provides enough bit spaces that allows.Because the two ends of plunger all arrange the local segment C of cone structure, therefore in the working procedure, no matter which side cone segments of plunger enters about bundled tube, damping force all can enter the cone segments length increase increase rapidly of about bundled tube along with plunger, realize effectively hindering the effect that relative movement takes place between girder steel 27 and the girder steel 28, described relative movement, comprised between girder steel 27 and the girder steel 28 mutually close, mutually away from and three kinds of forms of motion such as mutual deflection.

When needs increase the damping force of the adjustable frcition damper output of the utility model pretightening force, can utilize jack equal pressure device extruding combination confinement ring, provide the enough power of tightening until the combination confinement ring, again punch in the side of combination confinement ring and position limit pin is set, it is spacing that the combination confinement ring is implemented locking.

Embodiment six

The adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force as shown in figure 13 is with embodiment five difference, is provided with the seal protection cover 91 that rubber material is made between plunger 1 and the about bundled tube 2.In addition, be provided with space compensation ring 29 between the position limit pin 43 of combination confinement ring and a side.

Owing to be provided with seal protection cover, can prevent effectively that foreign matter from entering in the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force, is conducive to prolong the working life in the utility model product.Certainly according to the difference of Environmental Conditions, seal protection cover also can be made with materials such as nonwovens, corrugated stainless steel tubings.In addition, owing to be provided with the space compensation ring, the frcition damper that this routine described the utility model pretightening force is adjustable can also be realized easily increasing or reduce damping force output, when wanting to increase the damping force of output, can compressor units contract beam ring, the corresponding width that increases the space compensation ring simultaneously; During the damping force wanting to reduce to export, can directly realize by the width that reduces the space compensation ring.

According to this routine described know-why; also can between the both sides of making up confinement ring and position limit pin, the space compensation ring be set simultaneously; in addition; among other embodiments of the utility model; also can the space compensation ring be set as required or/and seal protection cover, all among the protection domain that the utility model requires.

Embodiment seven

The adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force as shown in figure 14, be with embodiment two difference, about bundled tube 2 outer surfaces are provided with pre-tightening apparatus, described pre-tightening apparatus comprises the spacing shoulder block 30 of the combination confinement ring one side setting that outer toroid 3 and interior annulus 4 constitute, and the external thread structure of the pretightening force adjusting nut 44 of combination confinement ring opposite side setting and the corresponding setting of about bundled tube 2 local outer surfaces.Need to prove, for realizing limit function, be convenient to simultaneously make up between confinement ring and the about bundled tube and assemble, the outer surface of about bundled tube 2 has adopted the structure of multidiameter shaft, with the about bundled tube external diameter of the about bundled tube external diameter that makes up the confinement ring section of cooperation less than shoulder block 30 places one side, but greater than the about bundled tube external diameter that is provided with external thread structure one side.

Being applied to the building construction antidetonation with the adjustable frcition damper 34 of the utility model pretightening force shown in Figure 14 below is that example describes.Shown in Figure 15 and 16, be provided with aseismatic bearing 31 between house 32 and the ground 33, in addition, according to the antidetonation needs, below house 32, along the horizontal and vertical adjustable frcition damper 34 of a plurality of the utility model pretightening forces that also is furnished with respectively in house, wherein, one end and the house 32 of the frcition damper 34 that pretightening force is adjustable are hinged and connected, and the other end and ground 33 are hinged and connected.When earthquake is arrived, under the effect of seismic waves, house 32 can shake at aseismatic bearing 31, make to produce between house 32 and the ground 33 and relatively move, and then drive between plunger and the about bundled tube of son in the adjustable frcition damper 34 of pretightening force relative movement takes place, realize rapid consumed energy, reduction house shaking amplitude, avoid the house to collapse, realize good anti seismic efficiency.It is to be noted; another advantage of using the adjustable frcition damper opposing earthquake of the utility model pretightening force is; after principal earthquake; can unclamp the pretightening force adjusting nut; discharge the part pretightening force of combination confinement ring; because existing aseismatic bearing 31 generally all has certain reset capability; under the effect of aseismatic bearing 31 or by the jack that resets; just can realize resetting smoothly of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force 34; again tighten the pretightening force adjusting nut; make the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force recover damping capacity again; like this when aftershock takes place; the frcition damper 34 that the utility model pretightening force is adjustable still can be brought into play the effect of damping power consumption again, the destruction of can more effective reduction earthquake the house being brought, protection resident's the security of the lives and property.

The sharpest edges of the frcition damper that this routine described the utility model pretightening force is adjustable are, owing to be provided with external thread structure on the pretightening force adjusting nut fiting constraint tube as pre-tightening apparatus, in the using process, can realize making up the adjusting that confinement ring produces the pretightening force size by the position of adjusting the pretightening force adjusting nut, can be according to requirement of engineering, at any time the damping parameter of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force is adjusted, very convenient quick, easy operating.

Based on this routine know-why, the frcition damper that pretightening force described in other embodiments of the utility model is adjustable also can be used for the antiseismic application in house, both made and to have realized easily resetting, minimum in earthquake generating process, still can bring into play certain energy dissipation effect, at this description of drawings one by one not.

Embodiment eight

The adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force as shown in figure 17, be with embodiment seven difference, in order to save material, plunger 1 adopts the multidiameter shaft structure, plunger 1 enters about bundled tube intermediate portion 2 inside, the diameter maximum and contacts cooperation with about bundled tube 2 inwalls, constitutes described working surface.Plunger 1 two ends arrange thread connector 35 as joining interface, described thread connector is the screw rod that directly be processed at the plunger two ends, assembling between plunger and the about bundled tube for convenience, the shaft part both sides of plunger middle part diameter dimension maximum are provided with chamfering, constitute local cone.In addition, the device of tightening that about bundled tube 2 surfaces arrange is the combination confinement ring, interior annulus and outer toroid in the combination confinement ring process by steel pipe, about bundled tube two ends arrange pre-tightening apparatus respectively, and pre-tightening apparatus constitutes by pretightening force adjusting nut 44 and the corresponding external thread structure that arranges of about bundled tube 2 local outer surfaces.

Be that example describes to be applied in the bridge structure below, as shown in figure 18, plunger 1 middle part diameter largest portion is placed the centre of tightening device, weld the plate 37 that is fixedly connected respectively at about bundled tube two ends, utilize locking nut 36 to cooperate the connecting base 41 that to fixedly install in plunger 1 and the bridge 42 to link together with the thread connector 35 at plunger two ends, joining plate 37 is hinged by bearing pin 38 with the steel anchoring flange 39 that is fixedly installed in the bridge pier 40, finish the assembling of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force between bridge 42 and bridge pier 40.When taking place along the axial relative movement of plunger 1 between bridge 42 and the bridge pier 40, can drive between plunger 1 and the about bundled tube 2 and produce relative movement, because about bundled tube 2 surfaces are provided with the device of tightening of combination confinement ring formation, tightening device can lay in the higher stress of tightening and produce bigger to about bundled tube, and very stable binding force, therefore when relative movement takes place with about bundled tube 2 in plunger 1, can produce the surface friction drag of an obstruction plunger motion between about bundled tube 2 inwalls and the plunger 1, this surface friction drag always moving direction with plunger is opposite, thereby consume the external force acting, the mechanical energy of relative movement between bridge 42 and the bridge pier 40 is converted into heat energy, thereby the consumption external energy is realized oscillation damping and energy dissipating.

Similar to embodiment seven, the frcition damper that pretightening force described in the utility model is adjustable has the scene of being convenient to equally and carries out the characteristics that damping parameter is regulated, in addition, because combination confinement ring both sides all are provided with the pre-tightening apparatus that is made of pretightening force adjusting nut 44 and the corresponding external thread structure that arranges of about bundled tube 2 local outer surfaces, therefore can adjust the damping parameter of product from any side at any time, also can carry out the damping parameter adjustment from both sides simultaneously.Because in this routine described technological scheme, between the plunger and bridge of the frcition damper that the utility model pretightening force is adjustable, and all adopt the Placement that to split between about bundled tube and the bridge pier, therefore in use, can take off the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force at any time and carry out maintain and replace, very convenient.

Embodiment nine

The adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force as shown in figure 19 is with embodiment eight difference, is provided with space compensation ring 29 between the combination confinement ring that interior annulus 4 and outer toroid 3 constitute and the pretightening force adjusting nut 44 of one side.

Owing to be provided with space compensation ring 29, except having the every advantage described in the embodiment six, that can also effectively shorten external thread section on about bundled tube 2 arranges length, minimizing amount of finish.

Based on above-described embodiment eight and embodiment's nine know-why, as shown in figure 20, the thread connector 35 at plunger 1 two ends also can be made of screw, can both play similar function, also in the protection domain that the utility model requires.

Embodiment ten

The adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force as shown in figure 21 is that with embodiment eight difference the plunger two ends are the thinner optical axis of diameter.In addition, the combination confinement ring is except comprising the interior annulus 4 that has male cone (strobilus masculinus) and having the outer toroid 3 of inner conical surface, also comprise the middle annulus 45 that has inner conical surface and male cone (strobilus masculinus) simultaneously, middle annulus 45 is between interior annulus 4 and outer toroid 3, and the three is fitted to each other by the conical surface.In addition, the inwall of about bundled tube 2 is provided with wear resistant and rustproof cover 46, wear resistant and rustproof cover 46 is made by Cu alloy material, the wear resistant and rustproof cover utilizes fastening piece (not shown) and about bundled tube to link together, plunger 1 surface closely contacts with wear resistant and rustproof cover 46, and plunger cooperatively interacts by wear resistant and rustproof cover 46 with about bundled tube inwall.In order to simplify the structure of product, the pre-tightening apparatus of combination confinement ring one side is made of positive stop 11 on about bundled tube 2.

Be that example describes to be applied in the bridge structure still, as shown in figure 22, the integrated limiting stopper 48 that is symmetrical arranged on bridge 92, also be provided with steel anchoring piece 49 in the limiting stopper 48, in addition, bridge pier 51 end faces arrange steel anchoring piece 47, with the two ends of about bundled tube 2 respectively the joining plate on anchoring piece 47 be weldingly fixed on, two ends with plunger 1 are weldingly fixed on anchoring piece 49 respectively again, finish the assembling of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force between bridge 92 and bridge pier 51.When take place between bridge 92 and the bridge pier 51 along plunger axis to relative movement the time, can drive between plunger 1 and the about bundled tube 2 and produce relative movement, because the constraint of combination confinement ring and then generation surface friction drag form frictional damping, consume external energy, realize oscillation damping and energy dissipating.

Because the combination confinement ring is made of jointly interior annulus, middle annulus and outer toroid, it can namely realize bigger damping force output in the pretightening force bigger with the following realization of the situation of the equal matching surface of about bundled tube in this example.Based on this routine described know-why, middle annulus also can arrange two layers even more multi-layered.

Owing to set up the wear resistant and rustproof cover at the internal surface of about bundled tube, utilize the surface of wear resistant and rustproof cover to cooperate with plunger as working surface, significantly improved the wear resistance of working surface, avoid steel-steel same type of material in that motion, high contact stress do not issue raw food bonding mutually for a long time, stable friction factor can prolong working life of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force greatly.Except the Cu alloy material that this example is mentioned, the wear resistant and rustproof cover can also be made of materials such as cermet material, powdered metallurgical material, carbon fibre material or brake blocks.It is pointed out that if set up the wear-resistant protection cover that brake pad material is made on about bundled tube surface, can significantly improve the friction factor of working surface between plunger and the about bundled tube, be conducive to further promote the damping capacity of product.Certainly; based on this routine described know-why; the wear resistant and rustproof cover also can utilize connection technologies such as embedded connection or welding and about bundled tube or plunger to be fixed together; for example shown in Figure 23; wear resistant and rustproof cover 46 also can utilize the method for embedded connection to be fixedly installed on the surface of plunger 1; also can play same effect, all in the protection domain that the utility model requires.

Compare with the frcition damper that the utility model pretightening force of Figure 14 is adjustable, barrel is thick can suitably reduce in constraint in this routine described technological scheme, is conducive to economical with materials; Compare with the frcition damper that the utility model pretightening force of Figure 20 is adjustable, to draw block to give spacing for the side utilization limit of combination confinement ring in this routine described technological scheme, saves the outside thread course of working one time, is conducive to save processing cost.

Embodiment 11

The frcition damper that the utility model pretightening force is adjustable equally also is applicable to the operating mode of rotation, the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force as shown in figure 24, comprise about bundled tube 2 that cylindrical plunger 1 and steel pipe are made, about bundled tube surface also is provided with tightens device, tighten device and be the combination confinement ring, the combination confinement ring is specifically combined by interior annulus 4 and the outer toroid 3 of steel, for preventing from making up the confinement ring slippage, one side of tightening device also is provided with the pre-tightening apparatus that positive stop 11 constitutes, in addition, also weld on about bundled tube 2 and be fixed with antitorque turned flange 58, the opposite side of 58 pairs of combinations of antitorque turned flange confinement ring is realized spacing.Corresponding plunger 1 is provided with rotation switching mechanism, and described rotation switching mechanism is specially clutch mechanism, and this clutch mechanism is made of clutch wheel 52 and clutch wheel 53.

During application, by fastening piece 59 and antitorque turned flange 58 about bundled tube 2 is fixed on the metal connecting piece 56 that arranges in the machinery framework 57, clutch wheel 52 is fixed on the end of plunger 1, clutch wheel 53 corresponding clutch wheel 52 are fixed on machinery framework 57 and can relatively rotate, have again on the rotor 54 of braking requirement, constitute clutch mechanism, rotor 54 under constraint 55 restriction except can relatively rotating with machinery framework 57, can also be moved to relative machinery framework 57 along plunger axis, finish the assembling of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force between rotor 54 and machinery framework 57.Like this, under the off working state, keep clutch wheel 52 to separate with clutch wheel 53, the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force this moment is not worked; When rotor 54 when rotating of machinery framework 57 need be braked, move axially rotor 54 along plunger, clutch wheel 53 is closely contacted with clutch wheel 52, clutch wheel 53 realizes rotating synchronously with clutch wheel 52 immediately, driving plunger 1 rotates in about bundled tube 2, the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force this moment is started working, because about bundled tube 2 surfaces are provided with and tighten device, can there be the surface friction drag that continues in plunger 1 between the two in the rotating process in about bundled tube 2, this surface friction drag is the continuous rotational energy that consumes plunger 1 of acting oppositely, and then realize to continue consume the rotational energy of rotor 54, reach and make rotor 54 relative machinery frameworks 57 decelerations or be tending towards static purpose.

Based on this routine described know-why, in actual applications, also can antitorque turned flange be set at plunger; the corresponding rotation switching mechanism that the clutch form is set at about bundled tube; also can realize same effect, no longer other description of drawings is also in the protection domain that the utility model requires.

Embodiment 12

The adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force shown in Figure 25 and 26, be with embodiment 11 difference, plunger 1 is provided with antitorque turned flange 60, one end of corresponding about bundled tube 2 is provided with rotation switching mechanism, described rotation switching mechanism is specially gear 64 and tooth bar 65 matching mechanisms, in addition, carrying out damping parameter for convenience regulates, the other end of about bundled tube 2 arranges pre-tightening apparatus, and pre-tightening apparatus constitutes by pretightening force adjusting nut 44 and the corresponding external thread structure that arranges of about bundled tube 2 local outer surfaces.

Describe with the example that is applied as on bridge below, when bridge has adopted unidirectional slip support abutment, when only having the displacement of single direction (for example vertical along bridge), utilize fastening piece 62 that antitorque turned flange 60 and the steel anchoring piece 61 that bridge pier 63 end faces fixedly install are linked together, plunger 1 and bridge pier 63 are fixedly linked, gear 64 is weldingly fixed on about bundled tube 2 tops, the steel anchoring piece 67 that arranges in tooth bar 65 and the bridge 66 utilizes the fastening piece (not shown) to link together, tooth bar 65 is along vertical setting of bridge 66, the connection of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force between bridge pier and bridge finished in gear 64 cooperation that is meshing with each other with it at tooth bar 65 middle parts.When situations such as generation earthquake or emergency brake of vehicle, movement or vibration that bridge 66 takes place along tooth bar 65 arranged direction, under the driving of tooth bar 65, gear 64 can rotate synchronously, simultaneously, gear 64 also drives about bundled tube 2 relative plungers 1 and rotates, thereby realize moving horizontally of bridge 66 is converted into rotation between about bundled tube 2 and the plunger 1, at this moment, the frcition damper that the utility model pretightening force is adjustable is started working, because about bundled tube 2 surfaces are provided with and tighten device, can have the surface friction drag that continues between the two in about bundled tube 2 relative plunger 1 rotating process, this surface friction drag oppositely acting constantly consumes the rotational energy of about bundled tube 2, and then acts on tooth bar 65 and bridge 66, make moving horizontally or vibrate and being tending towards static very soon of tooth bar 65 and bridge 66, be conducive to improve traveling security.

Owing to be provided with pretightening force adjusting nut 44, can adjust the damping parameter of the utility model product at any time according to engineering reality.

Based on this routine know-why; rotating switching mechanism can also be sprocket wheel and concrete forms such as chain matching mechanism, toothed belt and belt pulley matching mechanism; can realize same function; it only is the simple transformation of similar driving mechanism; description of drawings no longer one by one is all in the protection domain that the utility model requires.

Embodiment 13

As Figure 27 and the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force shown in Figure 28, be with embodiment 12 difference, when object 72 when basic framework 77 occurred levels move, the rotation switching mechanism that arranges on the plunger 1 can also be eccentric shoe and guiding groove matching mechanism.

During application, utilize fastening piece 75 and antitorque turned flange 74 that about bundled tube 2 is fixed on the metal connecting piece 76 that fixedly installs in the basic framework 77, in addition, fixedly install connection otic placode 68 at plunger 1, recycling bearing pin 70 is connecting the hinged eccentric shoe 69 that arranges on the otic placode 68, the steel anchoring piece 73 that the guiding groove of being processed into channel-section steel 71 fixedly installs in object 72 is weldingly fixed on, eccentric shoe 69 is embedded in the guiding groove 71 and can slides in guiding groove 71, finishes the installation of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force between object 72 and basic framework 77.When the relative basic frameworks 77 of object 72 take place along the vertical horizontal motion of guiding groove 71 bearing of trends, eccentric shoe 69 is except along the relative slip with its generation of guiding groove 71, also under the drive of guiding groove 71, therewith move horizontally, eccentric shoe 69 can drive connection otic placode 68 in the process that moves horizontally and plunger 1 relative restraint tube 2 rotates, thereby moving horizontally of object 72 is converted into the rotation of plunger 1 relative restraint tube 2.The adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force this moment is started working, because the combination confinement ring that annulus 4 and outer toroid 3 constituted in about bundled tube 2 surfaces were provided with, the combination confinement ring can be laid in higher pretightening force, about bundled tube is produced bigger and very stable binding force, therefore can there be the surface friction drag that continues in plunger 1 between the two in the rotating process in about bundled tube 2, this surface friction drag is the continuous rotational energy that consumes plunger 1 of acting oppositely, and then realize the lasting kinetic energy that consumes object 72, make object 72 relative basic frameworks 77 be tending towards static very soon.

Based on this routine described know-why, in actual applications, also can antitorque turned flange be set at plunger; corresponding arranges rotation switching mechanism at about bundled tube; also can realize same effect, no longer other description of drawings is also in the protection domain that the utility model requires.

Embodiment 14

The adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force as shown in figure 29 is that with embodiment 13 difference guiding groove is made of the restraining groove structure that directly arranges on the object that easily is moved.Describe with the example that is applied as in bridge construction down, for limiting bridge 79 simultaneously relative to bridge pier 80 moving in vertical (i.e. X-direction among the figure) and horizontal (i.e. Y-direction among the figure), corresponding X-direction and Y-direction are respectively arranged with guiding groove 71a and 71b in the bridge 79, guiding groove 71a and 71b are the restraining groove of difference integrated setting on bridge 79 bottom surfaces, accordingly, two frcition dampers that the utility model pretightening force is adjustable are set between bridge pier 80 and bridge 79, wherein, about bundled tube 2a and 2b are fixed together by antitorque turned flange (not shown) and bridge pier 80 respectively, arrange respectively on plunger 1a and the plunger 1b and be connected otic placode 68a and 68b, eccentric shoe 69a by bearing pin 78a with to be connected otic placode 68a hinged, with to be connected otic placode 68b hinged, eccentric shoe 69a and eccentric shoe 69b are embedded respectively in guiding groove 71a and guiding groove 71b eccentric shoe 69b by bearing pin 78b.Under situations such as earthquake or emergency brake of vehicle, when bridge 79 moves along the X-direction occurred level, can drive eccentric shoe 69a moves along the X-direction occurred level, and then drive plunger 1a relative restraint tube 2a rotates, the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force this moment is started working, because about bundled tube 2a surface is provided with the device of tightening of combination confinement ring (not specifically illustrating among the figure) formation, can there be the surface friction drag that continues in plunger 1a between the two in the rotating process in about bundled tube 2a, this surface friction drag is the continuous rotational energy that consumes plunger 1a of acting oppositely, and then hinder bridge 79 along the moving horizontally of X-direction, make bridge 79 relative bridge piers 80 be tending towards static very soon.In like manner, when bridge 79 moves along the Y-direction occurred level, can drive eccentric shoe 69b moves along the Y-direction occurred level, and then drive plunger 1b relative restraint tube 2b rotates, the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force this moment is started working, because about bundled tube 2b surface is provided with the device of tightening of combination confinement ring (not specifically illustrating among the figure) formation, can there be the surface friction drag that continues in plunger 1b between the two in the rotating process in about bundled tube 2b, this surface friction drag is the continuous rotational energy that consumes plunger 1b of acting oppositely, and then hinder bridge 79 along the moving horizontally of Y-direction, make bridge 79 relative bridge piers 80 be tending towards static very soon.It is to be noted, in when, between bridge and bridge pier the horizontal motion of any direction taking place, this motion all can be decomposed into the component motion of X-direction and Y-direction, then two adjustable frcition dampers of the utility model pretightening force are started working simultaneously, and mutual noninterference makes the motion of the relative bridge pier of bridge be tending towards static very soon.Owing to be provided with pretightening force adjusting nut 44a and 44b respectively in the frcition damper that two the utility model pretightening forces are adjustable, can adjust the damping parameter of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force respectively for the different vibration damping needs of X-direction and Y-direction according to engineering, very convenient.

Embodiment 15

The adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force as shown in figure 30, be with the difference of the adjustable frcition damper of pretightening force shown in Figure 14 among the embodiment seven, the combination confinement ring comprises a plurality of interior annulus 4 and outer toroid 3, the two quantity is identical, interior annulus 4 and outer toroid 3 are corresponding and be superimposed each other by inside and outside cone match one by one, between the adjacent outer toroid and all very close to each other between the annulus in adjacent, and the inner conical surface true dip direction of adjacent outer toroid also keeps identical with the male cone (strobilus masculinus) true dip direction of interior annulus.In addition, on about bundled tube 2 pre-tightening apparatus is set, described pre-tightening apparatus comprises the positive stop 11 that is fixedly welded on about bundled tube 2 surfaces, also comprise pretightening force adjusting nut 44 and the corresponding external thread structure that arranges of about bundled tube 2 local outer surfaces, positive stop 11 is separately positioned on the both sides of making up confinement ring with pretightening force adjusting nut 44.It is to be noted, be convenient pretightening force of regulating the combination confinement ring, between pretightening force adjusting nut 44 and combination confinement ring, also be provided with space compensation ring 100, adopt Spielpassung between space compensation ring 100 and the about bundled tube 2, in addition, space compensation ring 100 is pressed on the end face of a contiguous end outer toroid 3 in the combination confinement ring, positive stop 11 is pressed on the end face of the interior annulus 4 that makes up confinement ring the other end correspondence, like this, can guarantee when adjusting pretightening force adjusting nut 44, after extruding force is transmitted through space compensation ring 100, can continuous action between all outer toroid, between all outer toroid, produce identical extruding force, make between outer toroid and the interior annulus and produce relative displacement, thereby realize changing the effect that the combination confinement ring acts on the power of tightening on about bundled tube surface.

The usage mode of the frcition damper that this routine described the utility model pretightening force is adjustable and embodiment's seven described methods and principle are basic identical, at this repeated description no longer.

In this routine described technological scheme, the combination confinement ring is made of the many groups of interior annulus 4 that are stacked together each other and outer toroid 3, all very close to each other between adjacent outer toroid 3 and the adjacent interior annulus 4, compare with the technological scheme that all leaves the gap in the previous embodiment between adjacent interior annulus and the adjacent outer toroid, constitute annulus and outer toroid in each of combination confinement ring in this routine described technological scheme stressed remain identical, therefore, the power of tightening that the combination confinement ring produces at all contact surfaces with about bundled tube is uniformly substantially, and its damping capacity output is very stable.By contrast, in the corresponding technological scheme of Figure 14, after adjusting the position of pretightening force adjusting nut 44, act on that the extruding force on each inside and outside annulus presents the trend of successively decreasing gradually by the side direction opposite side near pretightening force adjusting nut 44 in the combination confinement ring, therefore, the pretightening force that corresponding about bundled tube surface is subjected to also reduces gradually, so in the plunger process that the position changes in about bundled tube, the variation of the damping force of exporting is non-linear.

Based on this routine described know-why; the technological scheme of the confinement ring of combination described in this example also can be applied to aforementioned other and not arrange in the middle of the embodiment of middle annulus; as long as keep an end pre-tightening apparatus only to compress outer toroid; the other end pre-tightening apparatus only compresses interior annulus; can play good effect; description of drawings no longer one by one is all in the middle of the protection domain that the utility model requires.In addition; know-why based on the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force shown in Figure 30; the size of outer toroid and interior annulus and quantity can be selected and design according to engine request is concrete in the combination confinement ring; can only be formed by an outer toroid and an interior annulus in theory; this one by one accompanying drawing represent; only be described with literal, all in the protection domain that the utility model requires.

Based on this example and aforementioned each embodiment's know-why, this routine described technological scheme can also be done many differentiation, and for example, plunger also can run through about bundled tube setting; In addition, wherein the joining interface that arranges on plunger 1 and the about bundled tube 2 is not limited to joining plate, as required, also can be coupling ring, thread connector or connecting flange etc., and described thread connector can screw rod or concrete form such as screw; Have, for easy to assembly, the inwall of at least one side end of about bundled tube is provided with the transition chamfering again, perhaps plunger at least the part be cone; In addition; pre-tightening apparatus can also be concrete forms such as position limit pin, spacing shoulder block; pressure can be set on about bundled tube discharge structures such as seal protection cover is set between seam and plunger and the about bundled tube, description of drawings no longer one by one is all among the protection domain of the utility model requirement.

Embodiment 16

The adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force as shown in figure 31, be with the difference of the adjustable frcition damper of pretightening force shown in Figure 30, connecting flange 21 is set on the plunger 1, on about bundled tube 2 coupling ring 24 is set, plunger 1 exposes shown in the C of about bundled tube 2 outsides local segment and is arranged to by the tapered cone structure of connecting flange 21 1 lateral restraint tube directions, until identical with about bundled tube 2 internal diameter sizes.In addition, the pretightening force adjusting nut adopts hydraulic nut 101.In addition, tighten and also comprise in the device and be arranged on auxiliary the tighten device of combination on the confinement ring, auxiliaryly tighten device and constituted by spring steel pipe 103.

When power is tightened in adjustment, utilize hydraulic pressure installation to drive hydraulic nut 101, the jacking block 102 protruding ends that are pressed on adjacent outer toroid 3 in the hydraulic nut, and then between all outer toroid, produce identical extruding force, make between outer toroid and the interior annulus and produce relative displacement, realize changing the effect that the combination confinement ring acts on the power of tightening on about bundled tube surface.It is to be noted, because combination confinement ring outer surface also is provided with spring steel pipe 103, when outer toroid 3 moves obliquely upward along its conical surface that cooperates with interior annulus 4, can moving of external annulus 3 constitute restriction as auxiliary spring steel pipe 103 of tightening device, the binding force that produces also acts on about bundled tube 2 by the combination confinement ring, therefore be conducive to further promote surface friction drag between about bundled tube and the plunger, improve the damping force of the adjustable frcition damper output of the utility model pretightening force.

Application mode and the principle of the adjustable frcition damper of pretightening force shown in Figure 12 are basic identical among the application process of the frcition damper that this routine described the utility model pretightening force is adjustable and the embodiment five, no longer repeat at this.In this routine described technological scheme, adopt the spring steel pipe to be as auxiliary positive effect of tightening device, under the measure-alike condition of plunger and about bundled tube, can realize that higher damping force exports.In addition, the outward appearance of product is also more attractive in appearance.Be noted that the angle of the inner conical surface of the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of annulus in the reasonable control and outer toroid in addition, can realize the self-locking between the inside and outside annulus, like this, adopt hydraulic nut just can regulate easily.Described hydraulic nut is hydraulic nut general on the market, and for example the fragrant THN Series Hydraulic nut that hydraulic pressure mechanical ﹠ electronic equipment corporation, Ltd provides etc. that gives in Shanghai can be applied in the utility model.

Embodiment 17

Show the frcition damper that the utility model pretightening force is adjustable as Figure 32, be with the difference of the adjustable frcition damper of pretightening force shown in Figure 25, annulus 4 is identical with the quantity of outer toroid 3 in the combination confinement ring, interior annulus 4 and the outer toroid 3 corresponding setting that superposes each other one by one, the inner conical surface of outer toroid cooperatively interacts with the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the interior annulus that is superimposed, between the adjacent outer toroid and all very close to each other between the annulus in adjacent, and the inner conical surface true dip direction of adjacent outer toroid also keeps identical with the male cone (strobilus masculinus) true dip direction of interior annulus.In addition, combination confinement ring outer surface has been set up the auxiliary device of tightening, the described auxiliary pretension cotton rope 105 that device comprises that auxiliary about bundled tube 104 and auxiliary about bundled tube surface are twined of tightening, and the pretension cotton rope is specially and has applied prestressed steel strand.

The frcition damper that the application of the frcition damper that this routine described the utility model pretightening force is adjustable and pretightening force shown in Figure 25 are adjustable is identical, no longer is repeated in this description at this.It is pointed out that the frcition damper that this routine described pretightening force is adjustable can provide bigger damping force output owing to be provided with the auxiliary device of tightening, identical to auxiliary principles illustrated of tightening device among its principle and the embodiment 16, no longer repetition.In addition, described pretension cotton rope can be made by metallic material or non-metallic fiber material, metallic material comprises materials such as steel, iron, memory alloy, the non-metallic fiber material comprises various natural fibre, artificial fiber or synthetic fiber, for example carbon fiber, aramid fibre, spider silk or kevlar fiber etc., the pretension cotton rope specifically can be various forms such as silk, line, rope.

In addition; know-why based on this routine institute previous embodiment; the rotation switching mechanism of other types also can be set in this example; for example twisted wire dish, sprocket wheel and chain matching mechanism, toothed belt and belt pulley matching mechanism, slide block and guiding groove matching mechanism or clutch mechanism; only need at about bundled tube or plunger antitorque turned flange to be set accordingly; the corresponding setting at plunger or about bundled tube rotated switching mechanism and got final product, and description of drawings no longer one by one is all among the protection domain of the utility model requirement.

Embodiment 18

Show the frcition damper that the utility model pretightening force is adjustable as Figure 33 and Figure 34, be with the difference of the adjustable frcition damper of pretightening force shown in Figure 21, combination confinement ring outer surface has been set up the auxiliary device of tightening, and auxiliaryly tightens device and is made of four spring steel loops 106.In addition, the cross-sectional profiles of plunger 1 is square, about bundled tube is made up of four about bundled tubes 107 of son, the about bundled tube of the son 107 corresponding surfaces that cooperate with plunger are provided with wear resistant and rustproof sheet 109, wear resistant and rustproof sheet 109 is specifically made by brake pad material, wear resistant and rustproof sheet 109 is fixed on the about bundled tube of son 107 surfaces by the fastening piece (not shown), four about bundled tubes of son surround a circular contour roughly, the combination confinement ring is arranged on the surface of about bundled tube of surrounding of the about bundled tube 107 of son, wear resistant and rustproof sheet 109 closely contacts with plunger 1, and plunger cooperatively interacts by wear resistant and rustproof sheet 109 with about bundled tube inwall.In addition, the pre-tightening apparatus on about bundled tube surface all is made of positive stop 11, and positive stop is welded on the about bundled tube of son.

Owing to set up the wear resistant and rustproof sheet at the internal surface of the about bundled tube of son, utilize the surface of wear resistant and rustproof sheet to cooperate with plunger as working surface, significantly improved the wear resistance of working surface, avoid steel-steel same type of material in that motion, high contact stress do not issue raw food bonding mutually for a long time, stable friction factor can prolong working life of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force greatly.

When need increasing the damping force output of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force, can compressor units contract beam ring, set up the space compensation ring at positive stop 11 with making up between the confinement ring then; When needs reduce the damping force output of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force, can realize by suitably reducing methods such as outer toroid 3 quantity, simple to operate convenient again.Certainly, above-mentioned pretightening force regulating method also is applicable to other embodiments of the present utility model, illustrates in the lump at this.

The frcition damper that the application of the frcition damper that this routine described the utility model pretightening force is adjustable and pretightening force shown in Figure 21 are adjustable is identical, no longer is repeated in this description at this.Need to prove, about bundled tube adopts split-type structural, improved the selection range of about bundled tube greatly, be conducive to reduce the operation easier that the wear resistant and rustproof sheet is set simultaneously, comprise four about bundled tubes of son in this example, in actual applications, it can comprise at least two about bundled tubes of son, as long as can surround the exterior contour of a sub-circular, can realize same function.Except brake pad material, the wear resistant and rustproof sheet can also be made of cermet material, powdered metallurgical material, Cu alloy material, carbon fibre material etc., and the wear resistant and rustproof sheet also can be arranged on the surface of plunger except can being arranged on the constraint tube inner surface.Certainly, based on this routine described know-why, the wear resistant and rustproof sheet also can utilize connection technologies such as embedded connection or welding and about bundled tube or plunger to be fixed together, in addition, annulus only is provided with one deck in the middle of in this example, also can arrange two layers even more multi-layered in the practical application.In addition, this example constitutes with four spring steel loops 106 auxiliaryly tightens device and describes, because the length of single spring steel loop is lower, itself and corresponding being more prone to of assembly manipulation of making up confinement ring, in actual applications, the auxiliary device of tightening also can be made of two, three, five even more spring steel loop, can realize similar effect.Technique scheme all is based on the simple change of this example and the described technology contents of other embodiments of the utility model, and description of drawings no longer one by one is all in the protection domain that the utility model requires.

Embodiment 19

The adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force as shown in figure 35, be with the difference of the adjustable frcition damper of pretightening force shown in Figure 33, about bundled tube 2 adopts the tube material of one to make, the pre-tightening apparatus of combination confinement ring both sides adopts positive stop 11 and pretightening force adjusting nut 44 respectively, in addition, the inner wall surface of about bundled tube 2 also is provided with wear resistant and rustproof layer 109, wear resistant and rustproof layer 109 is made of metallic material nickel, it utilizes electric plating method to be fixedly installed on about bundled tube inner wall surface, and plunger cooperatively interacts by wear resistant and rustproof layer 109 with about bundled tube inwall.

Owing to set up the wear resistant and rustproof layer at the internal surface of about bundled tube, utilize the surface of wear resistant and rustproof layer to cooperate with plunger as working surface, significantly improved the wear resistance of working surface, avoid steel-steel same type of material in that motion, high contact stress do not issue raw food bonding mutually for a long time, stable friction factor can prolong working life of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force greatly.Except the metallic material nickel of mentioning, the wear resistant and rustproof layer can also be made of cermet material, powdered metallurgical material, Cu alloy material, carbon fibre material etc., and the wear resistant and rustproof layer can utilize modes such as plating, sintering, pyrolytic coating, laser bonding to be arranged on the respective surfaces of about bundled tube or plunger.For example shown in Figure 36, also can wear resistant and rustproof layer 109 be set on plunger 1 surface, also can play same effect.

According to embodiment ten, embodiment 18 and embodiment's 19 described know-whies; the technological scheme that plunger surface or constraint inner wall surface arrange wear resistant and rustproof layer, wear resistant and rustproof sheet or wear resistant and rustproof cover also can be applied in the technological scheme that other embodiments of the utility model record, all within the protection domain that the utility model requires.

Embodiment 20

The adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force as shown in figure 37, be with the difference of the adjustable frcition damper of pretightening force shown in Figure 35, the combination confinement ring is made up of interior annulus 4 and outer toroid 3, wherein interior annulus 4 is identical with the quantity of outer toroid 3, interior annulus 4 and outer toroid 3 one by one corresponding superpose each other to arrange constitute one group, the continuous and parallel setting of many groups and then formation combination confinement ring, the inner conical surface of outer toroid cooperatively interacts with the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the interior annulus that is superimposed, between the adjacent outer toroid and all very close to each other between the annulus in adjacent, and the inner conical surface true dip direction of adjacent outer toroid also keeps identical with the male cone (strobilus masculinus) true dip direction of interior annulus.The pretightening force adjusting nut 44 that cooperates with the external thread section that arranges on about bundled tube 2 local surfaces is pressed on outer toroid 3 end faces of combination confinement ring one end, and the positive stop 11 that about bundled tube 2 surface soldered fixedly install is pressed on interior annulus 4 end faces of the combination confinement ring the other end.In addition, about bundled tube 2 internal surfaces fixedly install wear resistant and rustproof cover 110, and wear resistant and rustproof cover 110 is made by cermet material, and plunger overlaps 110 with about bundled tube inwall by wear resistant and rustproof and cooperatively interacts.

Owing to set up the wear resistant and rustproof layer at the internal surface of about bundled tube, utilize the surface of wear resistant and rustproof layer to cooperate with plunger as working surface, significantly improved the wear resistance of working surface, avoid steel-steel same type of material in that motion, high contact stress do not issue raw food bonding mutually for a long time, stable friction factor can prolong working life of the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force greatly.Except the cermet material of mentioning; the wear resistant and rustproof cover can also be made of powdered metallurgical material, Cu alloy material, carbon fibre material or brake block etc.; certainly; the wear resistant and rustproof cover also can be arranged on plunger surface; also can play same effect, also among the protection domain that the utility model requires.

Embodiment 21

The adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force as shown in figure 38, be with the difference of the adjustable frcition damper of pretightening force shown in Figure 33, the combination confinement ring only is made up of an outer toroid 3 and an interior annulus 4, the setting that superposes each other of interior annulus and outer toroid, the inner conical surface of outer toroid and the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of interior annulus cooperatively interact.The pre-tightening apparatus of combination confinement ring one side setting arranges external thread structure by pretightening force adjusting nut 44 and interior annulus 4 local outer surface correspondences and constitutes, pretightening force adjusting nut 44 is pressed on an end of outer toroid 3, at the opposite side of combination confinement ring, be weldingly fixed on the about bundled tube 107 surperficial positive stops 11 of son and be pressed on the end face of interior annulus 3.In addition, plunger 1 surface fixedly installs wear resistant and rustproof sheet 111, and wear resistant and rustproof sheet 111 is made by Cu alloy material.

This routine described technological scheme, having overcome in the technological scheme shown in Figure 33 about bundled tube is made of the about bundled tube of polylith, about bundled tube surface is difficult for arranging external thread structure, can't adopt the pretightening force adjusting nut to carry out problem spacing and that pretightening force is regulated, has improved the applicability of product.Certainly, in this routine described technological scheme, the outer toroid of combination in the confinement ring can also be made up of two, three even more independently outer toroid, and namely the quantity of outer toroid also can realize same function more than interior annulus; In addition, based on above-mentioned principle, interior annulus also can be made up of annulus in two, three even the more independence, also in the protection domain that the utility model requires.Its benefit is can independent regulation, can realize becoming damping force, and little in the middle of for example, two ends are big.Damping is little during little displacement, and damping is big during big displacement.

Wear resistant and rustproof sheet 111 is except can being made by Cu alloy material in this example; can also be constituted by cermet material, powdered metallurgical material, carbon fibre material or brake block etc.; can play good effect, all in the protection domain that the utility model requires.

Embodiment 22

The adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force as shown in figure 39, be with the difference of the adjustable frcition damper of pretightening force shown in Figure 38, about bundled tube 2 surfaces that steel pipe is made arrange two groups of combination confinement ring, two groups of combination confinement ring are symmetrical arranged along the positive stop 11 that middle part, about bundled tube surface fixedly installs, wherein one group of combination confinement ring is superposeed each other with two outer toroid 115 and 116 by an interior annulus 117 and constitutes, another group combination confinement ring is superposeed each other by two interior annulus 118 and 119 and outer toroid 120 and constitutes, and the inner conical surface of outer toroid and the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of interior annulus cooperatively interact.The pre-tightening apparatus of every group of combination confinement ring one side setting arranges external thread structure by pretightening force adjusting nut 44 and interior annulus 4 local outer surface correspondences and constitutes.In addition, about bundled tube inner wall surface is provided with wear resistant and rustproof layer 112, and wear resistant and rustproof layer 112 is made of the powder metallurgy material.

The benefit of this routine described technological scheme is can independent regulation, can realize becoming damping force, and damping force diminished when for example piston was to left movement, and damping force became big when piston moved right, otherwise or.

The adjustable frcition damper of this routine described the utility model pretightening force utilizes pretightening force adjusting nut 44 just can adjust damping force output at any time, uses very convenient.In addition; also the wear resistant and rustproof layer can be set in the respective surfaces of plunger; the wear resistant and rustproof layer can utilize modes such as plating, sintering, pyrolytic coating, laser bonding to be arranged on the surface of about bundled tube or plunger; for example nickel plating etc.; in addition; the wear resistant and rustproof layer can also be made of materials such as cermet material, Cu alloy material, carbon fibre material or brake blocks, all among the protection domain that the utility model requires.

About bundled tube surface is provided with two groups of combination confinement ring in the technological scheme shown in Figure 39, three groups, four groups even more groups of combination confinement ring also can be set in actual applications as required, all among the protection domain that the utility model requires.

Embodiment 23

Know-why based on embodiment 22, the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force as shown in figure 40, be with the difference of the adjustable frcition damper of pretightening force shown in Figure 17, about bundled tube 2 surfaces arrange two groups of combination confinement ring, two groups of combination confinement ring are symmetrical arranged along the positive stop 11 that middle part, about bundled tube surface fixedly installs, and the pre-tightening apparatus of every group of combination confinement ring opposite side setting arranges external thread structure by pretightening force adjusting nut 44 and the local outer surface correspondence of about bundled tube and constitutes.

The adjustable frcition damper of this routine described the utility model pretightening force utilizes pretightening force adjusting nut 44 just can adjust damping force output at any time, uses very convenient.Compare with the technological scheme of Figure 17 record, every group of combination interior annulus of comprising of confinement ring and outer toroid quantity are still less in the frcition damper that this routine described the utility model pretightening force is adjustable, therefore in working process, be more prone to operation, in addition, because the technological scheme of annulus and outer toroid in being crisscross arranged in the combination confinement ring, have the advantages that the pretightening force size is successively decreased gradually by nearly pretightening force adjusting nut 44 1 side direction opposite sides, therefore the quantity of annulus and outer toroid in reducing in each combination confinement ring, be conducive to keep about bundled tube surface pretightening force size distribution to change less relatively, the pretightening force of each section is relative even between about bundled tube and the plunger, and the damping force of output is more relatively stable.Damping force was little when piston was placed in the middle, became big when being positioned at both sides, can have a mind to utilize this characteristics in the engineering.

Embodiment 24

The adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force as shown in figure 41, be with the difference of the adjustable frcition damper of pretightening force shown in Figure 40, about bundled tube 2 surfaces arrange two groups of combination confinement ring, wherein, one group of interior annulus 4 and outer toroid 3 that makes up in the confinement ring is crisscross arranged, interior annulus 122 and the corresponding setting that superposes each other one by one of interior annulus 121 in another group combination confinement ring.

The adjustable frcition damper of this routine described the utility model pretightening force utilizes pretightening force adjusting nut 44 just can adjust damping force output at any time, uses very conveniently, and can distinguish independent adjustment.

The technological scheme of narrating among the above-mentioned embodiment of the present utility model is only for understanding know-why of the present utility model better; be not limited to the technological scheme itself that embodiment narrates; technology among many embodiments is decided on a verdict and can also be carried out cross-utilization; also can both realize good effect; in this explanation for example that differs, all within the protection domain that the utility model requires.Technology contents by the utility model record can be known, plunger in the utility model and about bundled tube can utilize metal or nonmetallic material to make, equally, in the middle of the combination confinement ring of the present utility model, damping force difference according to required output, can utilize nonmetallic material such as metallic material such as steel or nylon make in annulus and outer toroid, it draws materials very extensive, the damping force output excursion that can form is very big.The frcition damper that the utility model pretightening force is adjustable, simple in structure, stable performance, substantially need not maintenance, long service life, can continue after the maintenance to use, have regenerative nature, very environmental protection, particularly the adjustable frcition damper of the utility model pretightening force can carry out the damping parameter adjustment easily, therefore can be on-the-spot according to engineering reality the damping parameter of product be optimized adjustment, its engineering practicability is better, has wide market application prospect.

Claims (24)

1. frcition damper that pretightening force is adjustable, comprise plunger and about bundled tube, plunger part at least is arranged in about bundled tube, the working surface of corresponding about bundled tube inwall is provided with the device of tightening of hoop closure on the outer surface of about bundled tube, it is characterized in that tightening device is at least one group of combination confinement ring, the combination confinement ring is cooperated with the interior annulus that has male cone (strobilus masculinus) by the outer toroid that has inner conical surface and forms, plunger closely contacts cooperation with about bundled tube inwall, perhaps is provided with wear resistant and rustproof layer, wear resistant and rustproof sheet or wear resistant and rustproof cover between plunger and the about bundled tube inwall.

2. the adjustable frcition damper of pretightening force according to claim 1, the interior annulus and the outer toroid that it is characterized in that making up in the confinement ring axially are crisscross arranged along about bundled tube, the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the inner conical surface of outer toroid and adjacent interior annulus cooperatively interacts, and adjacent interior annulus is or/and leave the gap between the adjacent outer toroid.

3. the adjustable frcition damper of pretightening force according to claim 1, it is characterized in that making up the setting that superposes each other of outer toroid in the confinement ring and interior annulus, the inner conical surface of outer toroid cooperatively interacts with the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the interior annulus that is superimposed, and each arranges one at least outer toroid and interior annulus.

4. the adjustable frcition damper of pretightening force according to claim 3, it is characterized in that in the same combination confinement ring, when the quantity of outer toroid and interior annulus surpasses one, between the adjacent outer toroid and all very close to each other between the annulus in adjacent, and the inner conical surface true dip direction of adjacent outer toroid also keeps identical with the male cone (strobilus masculinus) true dip direction of interior annulus.

5. the adjustable frcition damper of pretightening force according to claim 1 is characterized in that tightening device and also comprises the auxiliary device of tightening that is arranged on the combination confinement ring.

6. the adjustable frcition damper of pretightening force according to claim 5, it is characterized in that auxiliary tighten device and being constituted by spring steel loop or spring steel pipe, perhaps the auxiliary device of tightening is made of the pretension cotton rope that the surperficial auxiliary about bundled tube that arranges of combination confinement ring reaches the surface winding of auxiliary about bundled tube, and the pretension cotton rope is made by metallic material or non-metallic fiber material.

7. according to claim 1,2, the adjustable frcition damper of 3 or 5 described pretightening forces, the local cylindrical shell that it is characterized in that about bundled tube of cooperating with plunger is provided with at least one and discharges seam along the axially extended pressure of cylindrical shell.

8. according to claim 1,2, the adjustable frcition damper of 3 or 5 described pretightening forces, it is characterized in that making up the confinement ring both sides and also be provided with pre-tightening apparatus.

9. the adjustable frcition damper of pretightening force according to claim 8 is characterized in that pre-tightening apparatus comprises position limit pin, positive stop or the spacing shoulder block that arranges on about bundled tube.

10. the adjustable frcition damper of pretightening force according to claim 8 is characterized in that the pre-tightening apparatus that makes up confinement ring one side setting at least is made of pretightening force adjusting nut and the corresponding external thread structure that arranges of the local outer surface of about bundled tube.

11. the frcition damper that pretightening force according to claim 8 is adjustable, the pre-tightening apparatus that it is characterized in that making up at least confinement ring one side setting by the pretightening force adjusting nut and in the local outer surface correspondence of annulus external thread structure be set constitute.

12. according to claim 10 or the adjustable frcition damper of 11 described pretightening forces, it is characterized in that the pretightening force adjusting nut is hydraulic nut.

13. the frcition damper that pretightening force according to claim 8 is adjustable is characterized in that making up between the pre-tightening apparatus of confinement ring and at least one side and is provided with the space compensation ring.

14. according to claim 1,2, the adjustable frcition damper of 3 or 5 described pretightening forces, it is characterized in that being provided with seal protection cover between plunger and the about bundled tube.

15. according to claim 1,2, the adjustable frcition damper of 3 or 5 described pretightening forces, it is characterized in that plunger or/and on about bundled tube joining interface is set, joining interface comprises joining plate, coupling ring, thread connector or connecting flange, and thread connector comprises screw rod or screw.

16. according to claim 1,2, the adjustable frcition damper of 3 or 5 described pretightening forces, it is characterized in that the inwall of at least one side end of about bundled tube is provided with the transition chamfering, perhaps plunger at least the part be cone.

17. according to claim 1,2, the adjustable frcition damper of 3 or 5 described pretightening forces, it is characterized in that about bundled tube inwall or plunger surface are provided with wear resistant and rustproof layer, wear resistant and rustproof sheet or wear resistant and rustproof cover.

18. the frcition damper that pretightening force according to claim 17 is adjustable is characterized in that wear resistant and rustproof layer, wear resistant and rustproof sheet or wear resistant and rustproof cover are made of cermet material, powdered metallurgical material, Cu alloy material, carbon fibre material or brake block.

19. according to claim 1,2, the adjustable frcition damper of 3 or 5 described pretightening forces, it is characterized in that about bundled tube or plunger are provided with antitorque turned flange, corresponding plunger or about bundled tube are provided with rotation switching mechanism.

20. the frcition damper that pretightening force according to claim 19 is adjustable, it is characterized in that rotating switching mechanism is twisted wire dish, wheel and rack matching mechanism, sprocket wheel and chain matching mechanism, toothed belt and belt pulley matching mechanism, slide block and guiding groove matching mechanism or clutch mechanism.

21. according to claim 1, the adjustable frcition damper of 2 or 5 described pretightening forces, it is characterized in that making up confinement ring and comprise the interior annulus that has male cone (strobilus masculinus) and the outer toroid that has inner conical surface, and the middle annulus that between interior annulus and outer toroid, also has inner conical surface and male cone (strobilus masculinus) simultaneously, the three cooperates successively by the conical surface.

22. the frcition damper that pretightening force according to claim 21 is adjustable, it is two-layer to it is characterized in that middle annulus is arranged to less, and the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of annulus cooperatively interacts in the middle of the inner conical surface of outer middle annulus and the adjacent inner layer.

23. according to claim 1, the adjustable frcition damper of 2 or 5 described pretightening forces, it is characterized in that making up confinement ring and constituted by annular spring.

24. according to claim 1,2, the adjustable frcition damper of 3 or 5 described pretightening forces, it is characterized in that about bundled tube comprises at least two about bundled tubes of son.

Images