Background technology
Coalbed methane containing oxygen be the colliery in recovery process for preventing gas explosion and outstanding, guarantee Safety of Coal Mine Production and elementary byproduct that pump drainage goes out, its main component is methane, and as can be seen, coal bed gas is the energy and the industrial chemicals of outbalance from its component content.But because its composition is comparatively complicated, particularly in coal bed gas, contain aerobic, it is breakneck combustion-supporting pro-knock agent, restricted the comprehensive utilization of coalbed methane containing oxygen, in the practice, in order to save cost, coal bed gas generally enters atmosphere in the coal mining process, causes the profligacy of resource and environment is polluted.
Along with the development of technology, to purify in the low concentration coal bed gas at present and produce in the field of natural gas, the liquefaction technology of multiple coalbed methane containing oxygen has appearred.Publication number is that the Chinese patent of CN101922850A and CN101929788A discloses a kind of device that utilizes the method for coalbed methane containing oxygen to prepare liquefied natural gas and utilize coalbed methane containing oxygen to prepare liquefied natural gas respectively, this method and apparatus adopts azeotrope from the overlapping kind of refrigeration cycle, unstripped gas liquefaction and separation with after purifying obtain the LNG product.In addition, publication number is that the Chinese patent application of CN1952569 discloses a kind of liquefaction process that contains the air coal bed gas, and its cold is expanded by gas and produces.
Produce in the process of natural gas in existing employing coal bed gas, unstripped gas needs experience compression in processing procedure, purify (depickling, dehydration), liquefaction and operation such as separate, the methane of could purifying out, make gas product, though existing process method can satisfy the requirement that utilizes coal bed gas to purify and produce natural gas to a certain extent, also there are the following problems:
Existing employing coal bed gas purification is produced natural gas technology and is all needed compress unstripped gas (low concentration coalbed methane containing oxygen), otherwise, if raw gas pressure is low excessively, can influence clean-up effect, and make low-temperature zone need lower temperature, energy consumption increases; Raw gas pressure after the compression is about 0.5MPa generally, therefore only can handle the coalbed methane containing oxygen of methane content more than 30%, and the problem of domestic colliery ubiquity gas permeability of coal seam difference causes infiltrating a large amount of air when the extraction of coal bed gas, reduces the content of feed gas methane greatly.According to statistics, the extraction amount of the coal bed gas of domestic (especially in south) mine methane content below 30% is much larger than the extraction amount of methane content more than 30%.Therefore if the coal bed gas methane content is lower than 25%, in being compressed to the process of 0.5MPa, risk of explosion increases greatly, and present low concentration coal bed gas cryogenic liquefying concentrates and has certain limitation.
In view of this, the utility model is intended to explore a kind of low concentration coal bed gas transformation adsorption and enrichment system, this low concentration coal bed gas transformation adsorption and enrichment system can effectively improve the methane content in the coal bed gas, to satisfy the instructions for use that coal bed gas is purified and produced natural gas technology.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is a kind of low concentration coal bed gas transformation adsorption and enrichment of proposition system, this low concentration coal bed gas transformation adsorption and enrichment system can effectively improve the methane content in the coal bed gas, to satisfy the instructions for use that coal bed gas is purified and produced natural gas technology.
For achieving the above object, the utility model provides following technical scheme:
A kind of low concentration coal bed gas transformation adsorption and enrichment system, comprise the air blast that is connected in series successively, cooling device and pressure-swing absorption apparatus, described pressure-swing absorption apparatus comprises at least four adsorption towers that are set up in parallel, be used for the air inlet pipe to the adsorption tower air inlet, be used for the vacuum tube to the adsorption tower extracting vacuum, be used for the blow-down pipe of adsorption tower step-down and be used for the pipe that boosts that adsorption tower boosts, described vacuum tube is provided be used to the vavuum pump that vacuumizes, the exhaust outlet of the described pipe that boosts is provided with sealed valve, link to each other by valve respectively between the bottom interface of any described adsorption tower and described air inlet pipe and the vacuum tube, the top interface of any described adsorption tower is with described blow-down pipe and boost and link to each other by valve respectively between the pipe.
Further, described air inlet pipe is provided with surge tank I, and described vacuum tube is provided with the surge tank II that is positioned at behind the vavuum pump, and the bottom of described surge tank II is provided with sewage draining exit, and the top is provided with the coal bed gas gas outlet that links to each other with described compression cleaning system.
Further, comprise also along coal bed gas flowing to the active explosion suppression device be arranged on before the described air blast that described active explosion suppression device flows to along coal bed gas and comprises automatic explosion arrestment valve, automatic powder spraying explosion suppression device and water seal back-fire relief explosion venting device successively.
Further, also comprise datonation-inhibition control device, described datonation-inhibition control device comprises controller, and the flame monitor that all links to each other with controller and pressure sensor, and described controller links to each other with described automatic explosion arrestment valve, automatic powder spraying explosion suppression device and water seal back-fire relief explosion venting device.
Further, described cooling device is water cooler.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
Low concentration coal bed gas transformation adsorption and enrichment of the present utility model system, by adsorbent is set in adsorption tower, can adsorb methane component and part air in the coal bed gas, switch regeneration after tower absorption upon adsorption is saturated, vacuumized by vavuum pump during regeneration, make the methane gas desorption that is adsorbed, methane content in the coal bed gas of methane content less than 30% can be concentrated into more than 30%, recycling compression cleaning system and liquefaction and separation system compress coal bed gas, purify with liquefaction and separate, can finally produce and obtain gas product, widened the gas utilization scope, and be set at least four adsorption towers by pressure-swing absorption apparatus, by the collaborative work of each adsorption tower, can guarantee the supply of coal bed gas and handle all can be in continuous state, can improve disposal ability.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment of the present utility model is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, be the structural representation of the utility model low concentration coal bed gas transformation adsorption and enrichment system embodiment.The low concentration coal bed gas transformation adsorption and enrichment system of present embodiment, comprise the air blast 1, cooling device 2 and the pressure-swing absorption apparatus 3 that are connected in series successively, as shown in Figure 2, pressure-swing absorption apparatus 3 comprises at least four adsorption towers 4 of being set up in parallel, be used for to adsorption tower 4 air inlets air inlet pipe 5, be used for to adsorption tower 4 extracting vacuum vacuum tube 6, be used for the blow-down pipe 7 of adsorption tower 4 step-downs and be used for the pipe 8 that boosts that adsorption tower 4 boosts, vacuum tube 6 is provided be used to the vavuum pump 9 that vacuumizes, and the exhaust outlet of the pipe 8 that boosts is provided with sealed valve V
17Link to each other by valve respectively between the bottom interface of adsorption tower 4 and air inlet pipe 5 and the vacuum tube 6 arbitrarily, arbitrarily the top interface of adsorption tower 4 is provided with the adsorbent for the methane component of adsorbing coal bed gas with blow-down pipe 7 with boost and link to each other by valve respectively between the pipe 8 in the adsorption tower 4.The cooling device 2 of present embodiment is water cooler, can satisfy the cooling requirement of coal bed gas.
The pressure-swing absorption apparatus 3 of present embodiment comprises that 4, four adsorption towers 4 of four adsorption towers that are set up in parallel are respectively A tower, B tower, C tower and D tower, passes through valve V between the bottom interface of four adsorption towers 4 and the air inlet pipe 5 respectively
1, valve V
2, valve V
3With valve V
4Link to each other; Pass through valve V between the bottom interface of four adsorption towers 4 and the vacuum tube 6 respectively
5, valve V
6, valve V
7With valve V
8Link to each other; The top interface of four adsorption towers 4 and boosting between the pipe 8 respectively by valve V
9, valve V
10, valve V
11With valve V
12Link to each other; Pass through valve V between the top interface of four adsorption towers 4 and the blow-down pipe 7 respectively
13, valve V
14, valve V
15With valve V
16Link to each other.Adopt the pressure-swing absorption apparatus 3 of this structure, collaborative work by 4 adsorption towers 4, can guarantee the supply of coal bed gas and handle all can be in continuous state, and in the supply and processing procedure of coal bed gas, each adsorption tower 4 experiences absorption, equal step-down, vacuum analysis, wait and four operating modes of all boosting respectively, as shown in table 1, be the duty time-scale of each valve in the pressure-swing absorption apparatus 3:
The duty time-scale of each valve in table 1 pressure-swing absorption apparatus
In the table, " 1 " expression valve opening, blank expression valve closing
Coal bed gas enters adsorption tower 4 by air inlet pipe 5 interface at the bottom of the tower, methane wherein and portion of air are adsorbed agent absorption, the off-air that is not adsorbed is from the cat head emptying, switch regeneration after tower 4 absorption upon adsorption are saturated, vacuumized by vavuum pump at the bottom of the tower during regeneration, after making the methane-rich gas desorption that is adsorbed, enter surge tank II 11 as the product of methane-rich device.By table 1 as can be known, there is an adsorption tower 4 to be in adsorbed state all the time; All the time have an adsorption tower 4 to be in the vacuum desorption state, this has just guaranteed the supply of coal bed gas and has handled to be in continuous state respectively.
The air inlet pipe 5 of present embodiment is provided with surge tank I 10, vacuum tube 6 is provided with the surge tank II 11 that is positioned at behind the vavuum pump 9, the bottom of surge tank II 11 is provided with sewage draining exit, the top is provided with and compresses the coal bed gas gas outlet that cleaning system links to each other, by surge tank I 10 and surge tank II 11 are set, can make the coal bed gas supply of coal bed gas enrichment system and output even.
The low concentration coal bed gas transformation adsorption and enrichment system of present embodiment, by in adsorption tower 4, adsorbent being set, can adsorb methane component and part air in the coal bed gas, switch regeneration after tower 4 absorption upon adsorption are saturated, vacuumized by vavuum pump 9 during regeneration, make the methane gas desorption that is adsorbed, methane content in the coal bed gas of methane content less than 30% can be concentrated into more than 30%, recycling compression cleaning system and liquefaction and separation system compress coal bed gas, purify with liquefaction and separate, can finally produce and obtain gas product, the low concentration coal bed gas transformation adsorption and enrichment system of present embodiment can be applicable to that methane content is the coal bed gas of 10%-28%, and be set at least four adsorption towers 4 by pressure-swing absorption apparatus, collaborative work by each adsorption tower, can guarantee the supply of coal bed gas and handle all can be in continuous state, can improve disposal ability.
Further, the low concentration coal bed gas transformation adsorption and enrichment system of present embodiment also comprises along coal bed gas and flows to the active explosion suppression device be arranged on before the air blast 1, initiatively explosion suppression device flows to along coal bed gas and comprises automatic explosion arrestment valve 12, automatic powder spraying explosion suppression device 13 and water seal back-fire relief explosion venting device 14 successively, and the coal bed gas outlet of gas holder 22 links to each other with automatic explosion arrestment valve 12.Though methane content can be lower than its explosion limit in the coal bed gas that the low concentration coal bed gas transformation adsorption and enrichment system of present embodiment is suitable for, for the sake of security, initiatively explosion suppression device is set, can prevent blast.Preferably, the low concentration coal bed gas transformation adsorption and enrichment system of present embodiment also comprises datonation-inhibition control device, datonation-inhibition control device comprises controller, and the flame monitor that all links to each other with controller and pressure sensor, controller and automatic explosion arrestment valve 12, automatic powder spraying explosion suppression device 13 links to each other with water seal back-fire relief explosion venting device 14, when monitoring the generation of flame or superpressure phenomenon, flame monitor or pressure sensor are to controller transmitting supervisory signal, controller is controlled automatic explosion arrestment valve 12 and is cut off the electricity supply immediately, the automatic powder spraying explosion suppression device 13 prevention flame spread of dusting immediately, the rupture disk of water seal back-fire relief explosion venting device 14 is venting of dust explosion immediately, thereby guarantees plant area's equipment and operating personnel's safety comprehensively.
As shown in Figure 3, produce the structural representation of the device of natural gas for the employing low concentration coal bed gas purification of adopting present embodiment low concentration coal bed gas transformation adsorption and enrichment system.The device that natural gas is produced in this employing low concentration coal bed gas purification comprises low concentration coal bed gas transformation adsorption and enrichment system 21, compression cleaning system and liquefaction and separation system successively along the coal bed gas flow direction.The compression cleaning system along coal bed gas flow to comprise successively for to the compressor 15 of coal bed gas pressurization, the decarbonization system 16 and being used for that is used for removing the sour gas of coal bed gas removes the adsorption cleaning system 17 of water and the remaining sour gas of coal bed gas, the coal bed gas entrance of compressor 15 links to each other with vacuum tube 6, the coal bed gas outlet of adsorption cleaning system 17 links to each other with liquefaction and separation system, and the coal bed gas after the methane-rich is purified coal bed gas after handling by the compression cleaning system.Liquefaction and separation system comprises liquefaction separator 18 and is used for providing to the liquefaction separator refrigerating circulatory device 19 of cold, coal bed gas entrance and the coal bed gas outlet of liquefaction separator 18 links to each other with natural gas storage tank 20 with the coal bed gas outlet of adsorption cleaning system 17 respectively, and the purification coal bed gas obtains methane content after by liquefaction and separation system greater than 99% gas product.
Adopt the absorption of present embodiment low concentration coal bed gas transformation to add deep cooling liquefaction and purify that to produce the method for natural gas as follows for the device of producing natural gas:
1) enrichment operation: coal bed gas is carried out methane-rich by coal bed gas enrichment system 21 handle, the content mol ratio of methane rises to 35-45% by 10-28% in the coal bed gas.
Concrete, in the enrichment operation of present embodiment, be 105 ~ 120KPa at the pressure that carries out the coal bed gas before methane-rich is handled, temperature is normal temperature; In methane-rich is handled, utilize earlier air blast 1 with the coal bed gas pressure-raising to 150KPa, be cooled to normal temperature through cooling device 2, and remove the free state water in the coal bed gas, enter pressure-swing absorption apparatus 3 then and carry out methane-rich.
As mentioned above, pressure-swing absorption apparatus 3 comprises at least 4 adsorption towers that cooperatively interact 4, be provided for adsorbing methane component in the coal bed gas and the adsorbent of part air in the adsorption tower 4, and adsorption tower 4 all carries out periodic duty according to the operating mode of absorption, all pressure drops, vacuum desorption and all voltage rises; Any time all has at least an adsorption tower to be in absorption working condition, has at least an adsorption tower to handle the vacuum analysis operating mode, can guarantee the supply of coal bed gas and handle to be in continuous state respectively.
Under absorption working condition, interface at the bottom of the tower of adsorption tower 4 and cat head interface are communicated with air inlet pipe 5 and blow-down pipe 7 respectively, coal bed gas circulates in adsorption tower 4, and the methane component in the adsorbents adsorb coal bed gas and part air are saturated until adsorbents adsorb;
Under equal pressure drop operating modes, the cat head interface of adsorption tower 4 is managed 5 and is communicated with boosting;
Under the vacuum analysis operating mode, interface at the bottom of the tower of adsorption tower 4 is communicated with vacuum tube 6, utilize vavuum pump 9 to be evacuated to setting vacuum, make the methane component that is adsorbed break away from adsorbent;
Under equal voltage rise operating modes, the cat head interface of adsorption tower 4 is managed 8 and is communicated with boosting;
And when one of them adsorption tower 4 is in equal pressure drop operating mode, must have another adsorption tower 4 to be in equal voltage rise operating mode cooperates with the adsorption tower 4 that this is in equal pressure drop operating mode, the coal bed gas that namely is in the adsorption tower 4 of equal pressure drop operating mode enters in the adsorption tower 4 that is in equal voltage rise operating mode by the pipe that boosts, can make the saturated adsorption tower of absorption carry out equal step-down on the one hand and reduce pressure, be convenient to vacuumize, make on the other hand in the adsorption tower 4 after the saturated adsorption tower of absorption 4 interior coal bed gas enter vacuum analysis and adsorb again, prevent methane component by emptying or be pumped down in the compression cleaning procedure, can effectively improve the methane component content in the coal bed gas after the enrichment.
2) compression cleaning procedure: will after the compressed purification of the coal bed gas that the enrichment operation obtains, be purified coal bed gas.In the compression cleaning procedure of present embodiment, at first utilize compressor 15 that the coal bed gas that step 1) obtains is compressed to 0.5MPa, utilize decarbonization system 16 to remove sour gas in the coal bed gas then, utilize adsorption cleaning system 17 to remove water and remaining sour gas in the coal bed gas at last, be purified coal bed gas.
3) liquefaction separation circuit: with the separation of liquefying of the methane component in the coal bed gas, and obtain liquefied natural gas product.In the liquefaction separation circuit, with step 2) the purification coal bed gas that obtains feeds in the liquefaction separator 18 separation that methane component liquefied, and utilize refrigerating circulatory device 19 that required cold is provided, in the rectifying column of liquefaction separator 18, obtain methane content greater than 99% liquefied natural gas product.
Explanation is at last, above preferred embodiment is only unrestricted in order to the technical solution of the utility model to be described, although the utility model is described in detail by above preferred embodiment, but those skilled in the art are to be understood that, can make various changes to it in the form and details, and not depart from the utility model claims institute restricted portion.