CN203149139U - Throughfall measurement device in rubber plantation - Google Patents
Throughfall measurement device in rubber plantation Download PDFInfo
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- CN203149139U CN203149139U CN2013201418932U CN201320141893U CN203149139U CN 203149139 U CN203149139 U CN 203149139U CN 2013201418932 U CN2013201418932 U CN 2013201418932U CN 201320141893 U CN201320141893 U CN 201320141893U CN 203149139 U CN203149139 U CN 203149139U
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- rain
- throughfall
- measurement device
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
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Abstract
This utility model discloses a throughfall measurement device in rubber plantation, which comprises a standard rain gauge, an antitheft protective outer barrel casted by cement, arc antitheft round steel, a hinge and a locking ring connecting the outer barrel and the round steel, an antitheft padlock, and a small drainage hole. The throughfall measurement device in rubber plantation has advantages of easy manufacture, low production cost, easy operation, strong strength of force, durability, stability, wearing resistance, and theft prevention. Throughfall measurement device is corrosion resistance and cannot be blocked with falling objects. The throughfall measurement device solves a problem that long-term real-time visualizer is easy to be damaged and stolen and is applicable to use in wild forest and observation data is accurate. Furthermore, the throughfall measurement device can also resist great pressure caused by falling trees and damages caused by rain, wind and large animals. (rain in tropical areas is usually accompanied with great wind causing falling of trees, and big size animals in forests can damage the device).
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to meteorological utensil, in particular for penetrating the rainfall gatherer in the woods between high forest canopy and the scrub forest canopy, specifically is that a kind of rubber Lin Linnei penetrates the rain measurement mechanism.
Background technology
Forest water household balance is the dynamic process of a variation at all times, and the observed result of certain period can only be the basic situation of certain timing node, can not represent the situation of forest land reality fully.The space-time of each factor amount distributes, transmits, changes in the forest Water Cycle process, has fully manifested the different interface levels of forest ecosystem (as storey, ground cover layer, Soil Interface layer, border, basin etc.) moisture is had the different accent mechanism of holding.Therefore, continue the system ensemble observation that multi-faceted, multiple spot, multimode combine, could reflect the dynamic change mechanism that forest moisture space-time distributes, transmits, changes better, could propose rational forest management and administration measure for increasing forest moisture regulating power better, help rational utilization of water resources in artificial forest is managed, regulate the forest land water budget, protect and hold soil fertility.Provide scientific management activity and decision-making for improving forest yield-power and Ecosystem Service.
Forest penetrates rain (throughfall) and means " the rainfall after outer rainfall (claiming the forest land gross precipitation again) the deduction crown canopy interception of woods and the trunk runoff amount (the administrative standard LY/T1606 of People's Republic of China's forestry one 2003 " forest ecosystem location observation index systems ").
Penetrate rainfall by the raindrop that directly pass the crown canopy gap and through crown canopy and branches and leaves cut hold after the rainwater of drippage form, penetrating rainfall and trunk runoff amount, to have constituted effective rainfall in the woods (be actual rainfall in the woods after atmospheric precipitation is subjected to the storey crown_interception, also claim ground effective precipitation in the woods), effective rainfall participates in the formation of underground and rainwash in this woods, and directly affects the growth and decline variation of forest soil moisture.Characteristics of rainfall has appreciable impact to the spatial variations that penetrates rainfall, and research in the past thinks that sylvan life penetrates tangible straight line correlation relation is arranged between rainfall and the rainfall amount, foundation penetrate linear regression model (LRM) (Shi Deming etc., 1993 that the rain model also mostly is statistics; Liu Yijun, 2003; Shi Yuhu etc., 2004; Bao Wen etc., 2004), have research report forest to penetrate the correlativity of the power funtcional relationship of rainfall amount outside rainfall and the woods a little more than the correlativity (Liu Min etc., 2012) of linear regression recently.
Because forest plant spacing inequality, trees come in every shape and the difference of seeds branches and leaves, cause storey branches and leaves space distribution inhomogeneous, even also exist woods window or chearance to some extent, so difference is bigger everywhere to penetrate rainfall in the woods.In the real work of research forest water household balance, often need to observe penetrating rainfall.Measure penetrate in the forest woods rain method and technology have many, and constantly perfect.Mainly contain following several:
(1) numerical control sensor meter
This sensor is mainly by raingauge receiver, water storage room, float, inductor system, clock system, and signal processing circuit is formed.It is to utilize in the quantity of precipitation water storage room float to rise with rainfall to drive the induction pole system, makes sensor produce electric capacitance change, through be converted to displacement metering or numeral show quantity of precipitation and precipitation intensity.A lot of this numerical control sensor automatic gauges in the market, its shortcoming are, cost is expensive, safeguard complicated, fragile, field inspection under the incompatible long-term abominable natural conditions.
(2) tipping bucket type metering automatically
Rainwater in the rain container changes tipping bucket in turn over to, and tipping bucket is filled with the back upset, and permanent magnet drives the tongue tube adhesive on the tipping bucket, sends electronic pulse signal, and upset and so forth is with electric impulse signal number and time of occurrence statistics rainfall amount and precipitation intensity.
Said method institute value degree of accuracy is not high, and the tipping bucket capacity is little, is not suitable for the big process of rainfall intensity; Big deadwood falls and smashes rain container in the forest, and the branch blade that tiltedly rides on the flat mouth of rain container can cause the rainwater outflow, disturbs the tipping bucket operate as normal; The current gesture of rapid anxious heavy showers is easily overturned tipping bucket, and it is overturn when being main full water in advance, causes measuring error; All filled with water is for the weight balancing state for 2 tipping buckets during heavy showers, and pulse signal can't record.Therefore there are some drawbacks in this method.
(3) automatic weighing formula
Weighing formula rain gage adopts the direct weighing rainfall of electronic scale, comprises a rain container, is provided with rain gage bucket in its lower end, and the rain gage bucket lower end is provided with weighing support and pressure-strain sensor, and the lower end of rain gage bucket is provided with drainpipe, is provided with automatically controlled draining valve at drainpipe.Sensor output weighing signal shows real-time rainfall amount and raininess after software systems are handled, when rainfall amount reached setting value in the rain gage bucket, draining valve automatic draining in rain gage bucket bottom had been arranged water and closed water valve automatically.Though this method accuracy height, continuous dataization is handled automatically, and because of antitheft relatively poor, reasons such as power consumption are difficult for locating for a long time in the open air being extensive use of.
(4) siphon rainfall recorder
Siphon rainfall recorder is made up of rain container, siphon, self-recording and four parts of shell.One float chamber is arranged under rain container, indoorly adorn a float and top self-recording nib links.Rainwater flows in the tube, and float rises thereupon, drives simultaneously on the recording pen on the float lever to lift, and draws a time dependent quantity of precipitation upcurve at the self-recording paper that rotates the clock tube.When the water level in the float chamber reached siphonal top, U trap was just discharged the rainwater in the float chamber rapidly at short notice and is finished a siphon.And so forth, record and measure rainfall intensity and the strong rainfall of whole period.Because of structural limitations, the capacity of float chamber can't be done too big, if meet the heavy showers process, siphon then frequently occurs, and record is interrupted too much, causes error in dipping; Friction, float straight-bar and float chamber top cover straight-bar between friction between siphon chamber and the float, recording pen and the pen shelves directly stained the friction that produces of getting rusty all can cause error in dipping; Greasy dirt is arranged and be connected not closely all can water clock (leak gas or leak) for U trap inwall and float chamber in addition, produces undesired record.
(5) multiple spot is laid standard rain gage bucket or the uncovered connected of water leg
Generally speaking, penetrate rainfall in the observation woods and adopt traditional multipoint method usually: several standard rain gage buckets are set in woods, or adopt the method for several water legs or water collecting basin.Water leg is normally made " U " shape groove that an end has rising pipe with iron sheet, and frame is gathered at support, whole collector easy-to-rust; The collector dimensions is more random, and observation data often lacks representativeness; Run into the not too convenient installation of forest land collector that landform is changeable, the gradient is big, damage " U " shape groove behind the bough windbreak easily by pressure.Self-evident, no matter adopt which kind of method, improve and penetrate the rainfall precision in the woods of actual measurement and just need to enlarge that to hold the rain area more big, more multi-measuring point namely is set, just must increase the workload of observation.
The rain measurement mechanism that penetrates described above respectively has advantage and disadvantage, the numerical control sensing, automatically weighing and siphoning installation safeguard loaded down with trivial details, involve great expense, fragile.Debugging is complicated, and be and consider open-air durable reliable that timeliness observation station needs that grow, elemental destructiveness, therefore, in conjunction with the open-air situation of forest and actual forest land feature, explore a kind of can be in the open air long-term location observation, practical simple, penetrate the rain measurement mechanism in the high woods of reliability and seem particularly necessary.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of rubber Lin Linnei to penetrate the rain measurement mechanism, the measurement needs that this apparatus cost is cheap, simple in structure, easy to use, solved long-term field inspection, not only be suitable for measuring heavy showers process and open-air safe and reliable, can guarantee the accuracy of measuring simultaneously.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution of the utility model is: provide a kind of rubber Lin Linnei to penetrate the rain measurement mechanism, wherein, comprise urceolus, standard rain gage bucket and round steel; Described urceolus is that the reinforced concrete pouring forms, the urceolus top center is provided with annular groove, and the standard rain gage bucket is located in the annular groove, and round steel is located at center, annular groove top, round steel one end is fixed on an end of urceolus, and the round steel other end is connected with the other end of urceolus by padlock.
Described annular groove bottom is provided with weep hole.
Described weep hole diameter is 2～5cm.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: simple structure, cheap, more be applicable to open-air forest long-term observation, metering safeguard simple, accuracy is reliable, structure stress intensity is big, safety durable, anti-damage is antitheft, the thing that withers and falls does not stop up anticorrosion (outside parts adopt reinforced concrete and do not repair the making of steel material), installation is convenient, observational record is intuitively accurate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 penetrates the structural representation of rain measurement mechanism for the utility model rubber Lin Linnei;
Fig. 2 penetrates the plan structure synoptic diagram of rain measurement mechanism for the utility model rubber Lin Linnei;
Fig. 3 penetrates the structural representation of the standard rain gage bucket of rain measurement mechanism for the utility model rubber Lin Linnei
Among the figure: 1, reinforced concrete urceolus, 2, weep hole, 3, padlock, 4, hinge, 5, lock ring, 6, the antitheft round steel of standard arc, 7, standard rain gage bucket.
Embodiment
In order to describe technology contents, structural attitude that the utility model rubber Lin Linnei penetrates the rain measurement mechanism in detail, to be described further below in conjunction with embodiment and conjunction with figs..
As shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, the utility model is measured rubber Lin Linnei and is penetrated the rain measurement mechanism, be included in the observation forest land and count some groups of setting according to level line and penetrate the rain measurement mechanism, comprise the antitheft round steel 6 of reinforced concrete urceolus 1, weep hole 2, padlock 3, hinge 4, lock ring 5, standard arc, the standard rain gage bucket 7 of protection anti-theft.
Described antitheft radiation proof cement urceolus is watered into by reinforced concrete, diameter 420mm, imbed underground degree of depth 30cm～40cm(so that long-term safety is firm, can prevent the raindrop rain container that rebounds back through ground simultaneously according to landform soil property situation), 100cm above ground level is to get rid of the influence of surface vegetation, wherein the top is provided with the hollow annular groove of 40cm, diameter is that 22cm is used to place the standard rain gage bucket, and all the other are solid mixed earth pouring.
The antitheft round steel of described arc, hinge and lock ring are the stainless steel metal material, together install and fix when the pouring urceolus, and described padlock is the firm and durable type.The antitheft round steel of arc is located at center, annular groove top, and antitheft round steel one end of arc is fixed on an end of urceolus, and the antitheft round steel other end of arc is connected with the other end of urceolus by padlock.
Described standard rain gage bucket device is formed specification requirement by urceolus, graduated cylinder and filler cap three parts; Hold mouth of a river internal diameter 200mm, diameter 20cm bore 20cm, the long 25cm of stack shell.
Described weep hole is the osculum that a diameter 20～50mm is set in the annular groove bottom at reinforced concrete urceolus top, arranges when the pouring urceolus.
Behind each rain it is observed and record, to fetch data to be averaging namely to get and penetrate rainfall.
1, urceolus is laid step:
In research rubber forest land, measure the forest land level line, lay some groups according to level line and penetrate the rain measurement mechanism.Every level line is settled 5～7 groups, and spacing is according to actual forest land landform and canopy characteristic control between group and the group, and spacing is 30～50cm between every group device and the device.According to forest land actual landform and suitably increase group of storey situation number.
The pouring material of urceolus is that reinforced concrete mixes earth.
The antitheft round steel of arc, hinge and lock ring are the stainless steel metal material, together install and fix when the pouring urceolus.
2, penetrate hyetometry
The direct rainfall in the reading and recording standard rain gage bucket behind the rain is got behind mean value of each group observation device to this forest land penetrates rainfall, penetrates the raininess degree as can be known in conjunction with rain time.
Above disclosed only is preferred embodiment of the present utility model, can not limit the interest field of the utility model certainly with this, and therefore the equivalent variations of doing according to the utility model claim still belongs to the scope that the utility model is contained.
Claims (3)
1. a rubber Lin Linnei penetrates the rain measurement mechanism, it is characterized in that: comprise urceolus, standard rain gage bucket and round steel; Described urceolus is that the reinforced concrete pouring forms, the urceolus top center is provided with annular groove, and the standard rain gage bucket is located in the annular groove, and round steel is located at center, annular groove top, round steel one end is fixed on an end of urceolus, and the round steel other end is connected with the other end of urceolus by padlock.
2. rubber Lin Linnei as claimed in claim 1 penetrates the rain measurement mechanism, it is characterized in that: described annular groove bottom is provided with weep hole.
3. rubber Lin Linnei as claimed in claim 2 penetrates the rain measurement mechanism, it is characterized in that: described weep hole diameter is 2～5cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013201418932U CN203149139U (en) | 2013-03-26 | 2013-03-26 | Throughfall measurement device in rubber plantation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013201418932U CN203149139U (en) | 2013-03-26 | 2013-03-26 | Throughfall measurement device in rubber plantation |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203149139U true CN203149139U (en) | 2013-08-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2013201418932U Expired - Fee Related CN203149139U (en) | 2013-03-26 | 2013-03-26 | Throughfall measurement device in rubber plantation |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111812749A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-10-23 | 国家卫星气象中心(国家空间天气监测预警中心) | High-precision rainfall detection device |
| CN113587906A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-11-02 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Automatic forest crown water interception and surface runoff monitoring system based on tipping principle |
-
2013
- 2013-03-26 CN CN2013201418932U patent/CN203149139U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111812749A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-10-23 | 国家卫星气象中心(国家空间天气监测预警中心) | High-precision rainfall detection device |
| CN111812749B (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2021-12-21 | 国家卫星气象中心(国家空间天气监测预警中心) | High-precision rainfall detection device |
| CN113587906A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-11-02 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Automatic forest crown water interception and surface runoff monitoring system based on tipping principle |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130821 Termination date: 20210326 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |