CN203141313U - Magnetic nanoparticle jet flow and magnetic force working table coupled oil film forming device - Google Patents
Magnetic nanoparticle jet flow and magnetic force working table coupled oil film forming device Download PDFInfo
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- CN203141313U CN203141313U CN 201320160689 CN201320160689U CN203141313U CN 203141313 U CN203141313 U CN 203141313U CN 201320160689 CN201320160689 CN 201320160689 CN 201320160689 U CN201320160689 U CN 201320160689U CN 203141313 U CN203141313 U CN 203141313U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a magnetic nanoparticle jet flow and magnetic force working table coupled oil film forming process and device. The magnetic nanoparticle jet flow and magnetic force working table coupled oil film forming device comprises a magnetic force working table. A workpiece is attracted on the working table by magnetic force, a grinding wheel is arranged on a machining position of the workpiece, a nozzle is arranged in a position, matched with the workpiece, of a grinding wheel cover, the nozzle is connected with a magnetic nanofluid supplying device through a magnetic nanofluid delivery pipe and connected with an air compressor through a compressed air delivery pipe, and nanofluid and compressed air are mixed and accelerated in the nozzle to form three-phase flow mist spray, namely, mixed mist spray formed by the compressed air, magnetic nanoparticles and grinding fluid base oil particles. The three-phase flow mist spray enters a grinding area between the workpiece and the grinding wheel, and magnetic coupling is conducted on the magnetic force working table and the three-phase flow mist spray so that an oil film is formed on the surface of the workpiece. The magnetic nanofluid is delivered to the nozzle, the lubricating oil film is formed on the surface of the workpiece on the magnetic working table, and the grinding machining area is cooled and lubricated to the maximum.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of magnetic nano-particle jet and magnetic force workbench coupling oil film forms device.
Background technology
The micro lubricating technology claims MQL(Minimal Quantity Lubrication again) technology, he is that the lubricating fluid with denier mixes with the compressed air with certain pressure and atomizes, be injected into grinding area, the contact-making surface of emery wheel and abrasive dust, emery wheel and workpiece is carried out effectively lubricating.This technology is used minimal grinding fluid (some thousandths of that is about traditional cast-type lubricating system consumption) under the prerequisite that guarantees effectively lubricating and cooling effect, to reduce cost and to the pollution of environment and to the injury of human body.
Nanometer jet micro lubricating is based on the theoretical foundation of enhanced heat exchange, and by the enhanced heat exchange theory as can be known, the heat-transfer capability of solid is much larger than liquids and gases.The thermal conductivity factor of solid material is than the big several magnitude of fluent material under the normal temperature.In the micro lubricating medium, add solids, can significantly increase the thermal conductivity factor of fluid media (medium), improve the ability of convective heat transfer, greatly remedy micro lubricating cooling capacity defect of insufficient.In addition, nano particle (referring to be of a size of the ultra-fine small solid particle of 1-100nm) also has tribological properties such as special antiwear and antifriction and high bearing capacity aspect lubricated and the tribology.Nanometer jet micro lubricating adds the nanoscale solids particle in the micro lubricating fluid media (medium) exactly makes nano-fluid, namely sprays into grinding area with pattern behind nano particle, lubricant (oil or oil water mixture) and the gases at high pressure mixed aerosol.
The inventor has carried out deep theory analysis and experimental verification to micro lubricating grinding feed system, achievement in research has been applied for relevant patent, patent of invention by invention designer application, (patent No. is nano particle jet micro lubricating grinding lubricant supply system: 201210153801.2) disclose a kind of nano particle jet micro lubricating grinding lubricant supply system, it adds the nanoscale solids particle lubricant of making the micro lubricating grinding in the degradable grinding fluid, by micro-feedway lubricant is become and to have fixation pressure, pulse frequency is variable, the pulse drop that liquid-drop diameter is constant sprays into grinding area with pattern under the air barrier effect that gases at high pressure produce.It has all advantages of micro lubricating technology and has stronger cooling performance and the excellent tribology characteristic, efficiently solve grinding burn, improve workpiece surface quality, realized efficient, low consumption, environmental friendliness, the green cleaner production of resource-effective low-carbon (LC), had very important meaning.
Patent of invention: nano particle jet micro lubricating grinding surface roughness Forecasting Methodology and device (patent No. is 201210490401.0) disclose a kind of grinding surface roughness Forecasting Methodology and device under nano particle jet micro lubricating condition.It comprises a sensor lever, and described sensor lever left end is provided with contact pilotage, and contact pilotage contacts with wheel face, and the sensor lever right-hand member is connected with inductive displacement transducer, and fulcrum place and the measurement mechanism body of sensor lever are hinged; Inductive displacement transducer is connected with AC power; The inductive displacement transducer data output end then is connected with filter amplifier, and filter amplifier is connected with oscillograph with calculator respectively, and calculator also is connected with memory.It characterizes emery wheel appearance with matrix, creates into mechanism according to the grinding workpiece surface appearance again, the precision of forecasting model height, and it is convenient not only to measure, the integrated rate height of equipment, utilization rate height, and certainty of measurement height, good reliability more has directive significance to reality.
Patent of invention: nano particle jet micro lubricating grinding three-phase stream feed system (patent No. is 201110221543.2) discloses a kind of nano particle jet micro lubricating grinding three-phase stream feed system, be characterized in: nano-fluid is delivered to the nozzle place through the liquid road, gases at high pressure enter nozzle through gas circuit simultaneously, gases at high pressure and nano-fluid be abundant mixed aerosol in the nozzle mixing chamber, after accelerating, accelerating chamber enters the minor air cell, Compressed Gas enters through minor air cell's passage simultaneously, three-phase stream is further rotated mixes and acceleration, three-phase stream is injected into grinding area with the form of atomized drop through jet expansion then.
But not to change the viscosity of nano-fluid and the adhesive force of nano particle and surface of the work under the coupling of magnetic nano-particle and magnetic worktable in the disclosed technical scheme, thereby can bring into play nano particle to a greater extent participates in enhanced heat exchange and forms the lubrication antifriction oil film in emery wheel/workpiece interface, and the drift that effectively reduces the nano-fluid droplet is scattered and disappeared, and realizes the clean efficient micro lubricating grinding of low-carbon (LC).
Though a lot of scholars have carried out theory analysis and experimental study to the nanometer micro lubricating, and a large amount of demonstrations and experiment have been done, but they organically do not connect magnetic nano-particle jet micro lubricating and grinding machine magnetic worktable, do not set up the internal relation between the formation of lubricating oil film and magnetic nano-particle, the magnetic force workbench, the oil film of also not setting up magnetic nano-particle, magnetic force workbench surface of the work forms mechanism, can't bring into play the magnetic nano-particle jet to the lubricated and heat radiation advantage of micro-abrasive grinding wheel/workpiece interface.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is exactly for addressing the above problem, provide a kind of magnetic nano-particle jet and magnetic force workbench coupling oil film to form technology and device, it utilizes under the magnetic nano-particle jet micro lubricating and the coupling of magnetic force workbench in the grinding field, the magnetic nano-particle fluid is transported to nozzle, the magnetic nano-particle fluid is ejected into grinding area at a relatively high speed under the compressed air effect, surface of the work at the workbench that is magnetic forms lubricating oil film, realizes the grinding zone is cooled off to greatest extent with lubricated.
For achieving the above object, the utility model adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of magnetic nano-particle jet and magnetic force workbench coupling oil film form device, comprise a magnetic force workbench, and workpiece is adsorbed thereon by magnetic force; Emery wheel is arranged on the Working position of workpiece, and nozzle is installed in the position that cooperates with workpiece on the wheel guard; Nozzle is connected with magnetic Nano fluid liquid feed device by the magnetic Nano fluid delivery tube, is connected with air compressor by blowpipe; Magnetic Nano fluid and compressed air form the spraying of three-phase stream after mixing acceleration in nozzle: the mixed atomizing of compressed air, magnetic nano-particle and grinding fluid base oil particle; The spraying of three-phase stream enters into the grinding area between workpiece and the emery wheel, and magnetic coupling is carried out in magnetic force workbench and the spraying of three-phase stream, forms oil film at surface of the work.
Described magnetic force workbench is electromagnetic worktable, and it comprises the sucker of bottom and the cover plate on top; In sucker, be provided with heart body, winding around on the heart body, coil is connected with power control circuit; Cover plate is provided with some exhausted magnetospheres, and cover plate is divided into a plurality of fritters, and forms the N utmost point distributional pattern extremely alternate with S, and magnetosphere makes most magnetic lines of force all get back to sucker by workpiece extremely, and unlikelyly goes back by cover plate, to constitute complete magnetic circuit.
Described exhausted magnetosphere is made by the babbit nonmagnetic substance, and width c gets 2.0-4.5mm.
Described N utmost point piece and S utmost point piece total quantity are odd number, and each N utmost point piece, S utmost point piece are wide, and N utmost point end plate width h
1, N utmost point piece width h
3With S utmost point piece width h
2Between have following relation,
Described power control circuit comprises the one-chip computer administrative unit, the one-chip computer administrative unit is connected with photoelectricity coupling silicon control zero-cross control alternating-current switch unit, photoelectricity coupling silicon control zero-cross control alternating-current switch unit is connected with rectification filtering unit, rectification filtering unit is connected with the automatic overload protection unit, the automatic overload protection unit is cut the control unit with no arc voltage type and is connected, and no arc voltage type is cut control unit output services voltage to coil; Photoelectricity coupling silicon control zero-cross control alternating-current switch unit is connected with ac power transformer, and ac power transformer is connected with the power frequency supply input; The one-chip computer administrative unit also is connected with continuous adjustable voltage Input Control Element, and the adjustable voltage Input Control Element is connected with photoelectricity coupling silicon control zero-cross control alternating-current switch unit continuously; The one-chip computer administrative unit is cut the control unit with no arc voltage type and is connected, as the demagnetization loop.
Described nozzle and workpiece are 10-25cm apart from d, and the angle α of nozzle and workpiece is 15 °-45 °.
A kind of magnetic nano-particle jet and magnetic force workbench coupling oil film form the film-forming process of device, and its step is:
Described nozzle ejection flow is 2.5-5.5ml/min, and compressed-air actuated pressure is 4.0-10bar.
Nano particle diameter≤100nm in the described magnetic Nano fluid, its volume content 1%-30vol%.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: it utilizes magnetic field to the suction-operated of magnetic nano-particle, with the magnetic Nano fluid adsorption of spraying at surface of the work, fine particle flies away the harm of environment with the person when having reduced spraying on the one hand, strengthened the absorption affinity of nano particle at surface of the work on the other hand, thereby easier formation oil film plays effect lubricated and heat radiation.It has the surface of the work that all advantages, the magnetic nano-particle of micro lubricating technology be adsorbed on the magnetic worktable and has stronger cooling performance and excellent tribology characteristic, efficiently solve grinding burn, improved workpiece surface quality, realize efficient, low consumption, environmental friendliness, the green cleaner production of resource-effective low-carbon (LC), have very important meaning.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the general assembly axonometric drawing of this embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the liquid road of this embodiment and the system schematic of gas circuit;
Fig. 3 is the magnetic force workbench operation principle schematic diagram of this embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the disk body structure chart of this embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the covering plate structure figure of this embodiment;
Fig. 5 a is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 5;
Fig. 5 b is the B-B cutaway view of Fig. 5;
Fig. 5 c is the C-C cutaway view of Fig. 5;
Fig. 5 d is the D-D cutaway view of Fig. 5;
Fig. 6 is the power supply control principle block diagram of this embodiment;
Fig. 7 is nozzle and the workpiece relative position schematic diagram of this embodiment;
Fig. 8 is the lubricated oil film schematic diagram that forms of general nano particle among this embodiment;
Fig. 9 is the lubricated oil film schematic diagram that forms of externally-applied magnetic field magnetic nano particle among this embodiment;
Figure 10 is the graph of a relation of different lubricating condition and coefficient of friction in this embodiment experiment;
Figure 11 is the graph of a relation of different lubricating condition and wear scar diameter size in this embodiment experiment;
Figure 12 is the graph of a relation of different lubricating condition and grinding area peak temperature in this embodiment experiment;
Wherein, 1-magnetic force workbench, 2-workpiece; the 3-wheel guard, 4-emery wheel, 5-magnetic Nano fluid delivery tube; the 6-blowpipe, 7-magnetic force fixing sucking disk, 8-nozzle; the 9-cover plate, 10-sucker, 11-heart body; the 12-coil, the exhausted magnetosphere of 13-, 14-air compressor; 15-magnetic Nano fluid reservoir, 16-filter I, 17-filter II; the 18-hydraulic pump, 19-air accumulator, 20-Pressure gauge III; 21-pressure regulator valve II; 22-pressure regulator valve I, 23-choke valve I, 24-choke valve II; 25-turbine flowmeter I; 26-turbine flowmeter II, 27-Pressure gauge II, 28-Pressure gauge I; the 29-overflow valve; 30-magnetic Nano fluid recovery case, 31-N utmost point utmost point piece, 32-S utmost point utmost point piece; 33-N utmost point end plate; 34-N utmost point horizontal stripe, 35-power frequency supply input, 36-ac power transformer; the 37-dc source; 38-work shape body indicator lamp, the 39-switch that demagnetizes, 40-one-chip computer administrative unit; 41-photoelectricity coupling silicon control zero-cross control alternating-current switch unit; the 42-rectification filtering unit, 43-automatic overload protection unit, 44-does not have arc voltage polarity and cuts the control unit; 45-direct-current working volts output, the continuous adjustable voltage Input Control Element of 46-.
The specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is done explanation:
Shown in the general assembly axonometric drawing of this embodiment of Fig. 1, this embodiment is described to be technology in the grinding machine processing.As can be seen from the figure, do not have sectional fixture on the magnetic force workbench 1, workpiece 2 is fixed on the magnetic force workbench 1 by electromagnetic attraction.What lubricating system adopted is magnetic Nano fluid lubricating system with trace amount, magnetic Nano fluid and compressed air enter into nozzle 8 by magnetic Nano fluid delivery tube 5 and blowpipe 6 respectively, and formation three-phase stream spraying (compressed air, the mixed atomizing of solid magnetic nano particle and grinding fluid base oil particle) after mixing acceleration in nozzle 8.The three-phase stream spraying of ejecting in the nozzle 8 can enter into the grinding area between workpiece 2 and the emery wheel 4.Wherein magnetic Nano fluid delivery tube 5 and blowpipe 6 are to be fixed on the wheel guard 3 with magnetic force fixing sucking disk 7.
Fig. 2 has showed feed flow and the air supply system of this embodiment.As can be seen from the figure, gas circuit is by air compressor 14, filter I 16, and air accumulator 19, pressure regulator valve I 22, choke valve I 23 and turbine flowmeter I 25 are connected in sequence, and finally link to each other with nozzle 8.Wherein with the pressure of Pressure gauge III 20 monitoring air accumulators 19, monitor the gas circuit outlet pressures with Pressure gauge I 28, to guarantee required air pressure.Liquid route main fluid path and protection loop are formed, and wherein main fluid path is by magnetic Nano fluid reservoir 15, filter II 17, and hydraulic pump 18, pressure regulator valve II 21, choke valve II 24 and turbine flowmeter II 26 are connected in sequence, and finally link to each other with nozzle 8.Wherein Pressure gauge II 27 is in order to monitor liquid way outlet pressure.The protection loop is made up of overflow valve 29 and magnetic Nano fluid recovery case 30.
Fig. 3 has showed the operation principle of magnetic force workbench, and it is to make according to the magnetic effect principle of electricity.Winding around 12 on the heart body 11 that is built up by silicon steel sheet after coil 12 energisings, because electromagnetic induction principle will form the electromagnet that has magnetic, forms alternate magnetic pole on cover plate 9 surfaces and distributes.The magnetic line of force is through caring body 11 through N utmost point magnetic patch, workpiece 2 on the cover plates 9, and again via S utmost point magnetic patch on the cover plate 9, sucker 10, heart body 11 and closure, workpiece 2 is held.Exhausted magnetosphere 13 is made by the babbit nonmagnetic substance, and width c generally gets 2.0-4.5mm, and exhausted magnetosphere 13 is divided into some fritters with cover plate 9, thereby forms the N utmost point distributional pattern extremely alternate with S.Exhausted magnetosphere 13 makes most magnetic lines of force get back to sucker 10 by workpiece 2, and unlikelyly goes back by cover plate 9, to constitute complete magnetic circuit.Magnetic field intensity will increase when increasing the electric current of coil, and as can be seen the magnetic line of force by the workpiece closure, so have magnetic on the workpiece.
Fig. 4 is the disk body structure chart of this embodiment, and as can be seen from the figure this workbench is the unicoil electromagnetic worktable, and can therefrom find out the position of coil, and its centerbody 11 is of a size of d
1* b
1, d
1Be heart body length, b
1Be heart body width; Can know that in conjunction with Fig. 3 after coil has watered dipping lacquer, drop in the coil groove, the coil groove is of a size of d
2* b
2, d
2Be wire casing length, b
2Be the wire casing width; The space distance should have the space of 3-8cm shown in a among Fig. 3 and b on every side, in order to asphalting, and also has minim gap between coil 12 and the heart body 11.Sucker is of a size of d
3* b
3, d
3Be sucker length, b
3Be the sucker width.The big I of coil groove is determined according to the number of turn and the diameter of wire of designed coil.The internal thread that it is connected with cover plate 9 distributes as shown in the figure.
Fig. 5 is the covering plate structure figure of this embodiment, and as can be seen from the figure N utmost point utmost point piece 31 distributes alternately with S utmost point utmost point piece 32, and middle by exhausted magnetosphere 13 partitions.Figure B-B is the cutaway view of N utmost point utmost point piece 31, and figure A-A is the cutaway view of S utmost point utmost point piece 32, and D-D is the cutaway view of N utmost point end plate 33, and the full packing section is that babbitting is handled among the figure.From each cutaway view as can be seen 31 of N utmost point utmost point pieces link to each other with sucker 10,32 of S utmost point utmost point pieces link to each other with heart body 11, and it is middle by exhausted magnetosphere 13 partitions, N utmost point end plate 33, N utmost point utmost point piece 31, S utmost point utmost point piece 32 and exhausted magnetic sheet material are welded on the N utmost point horizontal stripe 34 successively, and extremely alternate magnetic pole distributes thereby cover plate presents N utmost point S.The width of N utmost point utmost point piece 31 and S utmost point utmost point piece 32 can be calculated according to the lathe size during lathe in design, and N utmost point utmost point piece 31 and S utmost point utmost point piece 32 total quantitys are odd number, and each N utmost point utmost point piece 31, S utmost point utmost point piece 32 are wide, and N utmost point end plate 33 width h
1, N utmost point utmost point piece 31 width h
3With S utmost point utmost point piece 32 width h
2Between have following relation,
Fig. 6 is the power supply control principle block diagram of this embodiment, and its characteristics are to adopt single-chip microcomputer to manage, in conjunction with the photoelectricity coupling, and pulsewidth modulation, SCR AC zero crossing switch automatic short-circuit protection, no arc spark polarity of voltage switches.
Power control circuit comprises one-chip computer administrative unit 40, one-chip computer administrative unit 40 is connected with photoelectricity coupling silicon control zero-cross control alternating-current switch unit 41, photoelectricity coupling silicon control zero-cross control alternating-current switch unit 41 is connected with rectification filtering unit 42, rectification filtering unit 42 is connected with automatic overload protection unit 43, automatic overload protection unit 43 is cut control unit 44 with no arc voltage polarity and is connected, and no arc voltage polarity is cut control unit 44 output services voltages to coil; Photoelectricity coupling silicon control zero-cross control alternating-current switch unit 41 is connected with ac power transformer 36, and ac power transformer 36 is connected with power frequency supply input 35; One-chip computer administrative unit 40 also is connected with continuous adjustable voltage Input Control Element, and the adjustable voltage Input Control Element is connected with photoelectricity coupling silicon control zero-cross control alternating-current switch unit 41 continuously; One-chip computer administrative unit 40 is cut control unit 44 with no arc voltage polarity and is connected, as the demagnetization loop.
Sort circuit has installed continuous adjustable voltage Input Control Element module 46 additional, can realize that the DC voltage of exporting is adjustable continuously, according to the pattern of one-chip computer administrative unit 40, can in the external guidance panel of one-chip computer administrative unit 40, import required dc voltage value.The variation of DC voltage can make electric current change thereupon, finally causes the magnetic field intensity of magnetic force workbench to change, thereby influences film forming and the cooling characteristics of magnetic Nano jet.After the process finishing power supply stops, connecting demagnetization switch 39, through no arc spark polarity of voltage switch unit 44, the direct current polarity that rectification filtering unit 42 can be converted is exchanged.Thereby workbench is oppositely powered, reaching the purpose of demagnetization, described in the following detailed process.
The concrete course of work of this programme is as follows:
Micro lubricating formed in recent years, and the lubrication technology of and use cognitive by people gradually.The micro lubricating grinding is exactly to utilize compressed air to mix with the grinding fluid of trace, by being ejected into the cooling and lubricating mode of grinding area after the atomizer atomizing.The micro lubricating cooked mode can reduce the use of grinding fluid to greatest extent, thereby effectively reduces grinding fluid to environment and health effects, is a kind of pollution-free, environmentally friendly green manufacture technology.But micro lubricating is usually undesirable with machined surface quality, even the situation of burn.Some scholars have added nano particle according to the enhanced heat exchange theory in grinding fluid for this reason, and this nanometer micro lubricating just occurred, though this lubricating system has solved the problems referred to above to a great extent.But in grinding, the energy that removal unit materials volume consumes produces a large amount of heat much larger than other cutting working method in grinding area.Too high grinding area temperature not only can influence the quality of finished surface and the service life of emery wheel, and can the performance of lubricating fluid be exerted an influence.
When temperature raise, the viscosity of grinding fluid can reduce, thereby had influenced the crystallized ability of grinding fluid at finished surface, had reduced thickness and the bearing capacity of lubricating oil film.Because the viscosity drop lazy flow of grinding fluid strengthens, when emery wheel contacts with surface of the work, just very easily cause the breakage of oil film.After the oil film breakage, emery wheel can form direct contact friction with surface of the work, thereby the temperature of grinding area is sharply raise, and this is very disadvantageous to grinding, and can form high temperature-grinding fluid viscosity reduction-further further vicious circle of reduction of intensification-viscosity.
In order to solve the problems referred to above of nanometer micro lubricating, the present invention proposes to add magnetic nano-particle in grinding fluid (can magnetic conduction, under the externally-applied magnetic field effect, show the nano particle of magnetic), form the microcosmic magnetic fluid, and with the magnetic force workbench be coupled, form the technical method of the oil film with good lubrication heat dispersion at finished surface.
Along with the development of nano material, the magnetic nano particle subcategory that is used for scientific research now is a lot, and γ-Fe is arranged
2O
3Nano particle, Fe
3O
4Nano particle, Fe
3N
4Nano particle, Fe-Co nano particle, Ni-Fe nano particle and MnZnFe
2O
4Nano particle etc.
Magnetic Nano fluid (magnetic nano-particle according to a certain ratio with the mixed solution of grinding base fluid) the liquid road of flowing through enters nozzle 8, and the Compressed Gas gas circuit of flowing through enters nozzle 8 simultaneously.Magnetic Nano fluid and compressed air ejection after mixing acceleration in nozzle 8.Rule of thumb nozzle 8 is 10-25cm with workpiece 2 apart from deciding d, and nozzle angle α is decided to be 15 °-45 °, and the relative position of nozzle 8 and workpiece 2 as shown in Figure 7.The injection flow of nozzle 5 is 2.5-5.5ml/min, and compressed-air actuated pressure is 4.0-10bar.Nano particle diameter≤100nm, its volume content 1%-30vol%.
The average suction F of magnetic force workbench is 10 kilograms per centimeter among known this embodiment
2, minimum suction is 7 kilograms per centimeter
2And maximum suction is 13 kilograms per centimeter
2, coil turn is 2700 circles, the copper wires diameter is 1.56mm, adds that diameter is 1.67mm behind the coat of paint.The workbench material is the Q235 steel after quenching, and exhausted magnetosphere material is babbit.And the magnetic field intensity of this workbench can change by the change of voltage, and is specific as follows.
According to ohm's law for magnetic circuit as can be known:
I
ω=Hl
I wherein
ωFor magnetic potential (ampere-turn) is the product of electric current I and number of turn ω, i.e. I
ω=I * ω, H be the magnetic field degree (ampere-turn/centimetre
2), l is the length of magnetic path.Formula B=μ H * 10 are arranged again
8, wherein B is magnetic induction intensity (Gauss), μ is magnetic capacity (prosperous/centimetre).So as can be known
Be that electric current I is directly proportional with magnetic induction density B.Hence one can see that, and the size that changes electric current in the magnetic circuit can change the size of magnetic induction intensity, thereby can guarantee required magnetic field intensity and magnetic nano-particle coupling.
Know according to Maxwell's law:
Wherein F is electromagnetic attraction (joule/centimetre), B be magnetic induction intensity (weber/centimetre
2), S be the magnetic pole surfaces gross area (centimetre
2), μ
0Air unit permeance (1.25 * 10
-8Prosperous/centimetre), B unit is Gauss when F is kilogram gravity, S=1 brings into then and derives
To sum up can derive
The relation of electric current and workbench suction as can be seen from this formula is along with the increase workbench suction of electric current increases.
When considering magnetic air gap, then use and revise formula calculating:
δ be gas length (centimetre), a for the finishing coefficient (about 3-5) suppose that workpiece and workbench air gap are δ
On=0.015cm, δ
Down=0.015cm, then total gas length is
Getting a=3 can calculate
Gauss, it equals 1717.55640 milli teslas as can be known according to conversion relation.This numerical value is the average magnetic induction intensity on workbench surface.After the workbench surface installs workpiece additional, the magnetic induction intensity of surface of the work sharply descends, and thinks the variation of workpiece material and size, and surface of the work magnetic induction intensity is difficult for calculating, can be with Gauss's table in surface measurement, its scope is roughly between 0.15-140 milli tesla.In sum, we can pass through to regulate supply voltage, thereby change electric current, and then change the surface of the work magnetic field intensity, obtain required absorption affinity raising and lubricate cooling performance.
When nozzle three-phase stream is sprayed, when being sprayed on the grinding area surface of the work, have magnetic field owing on the surface of the work, to move along the magnetic line of force at magnetic field effect magnetic nano particle, this athletic meeting strengthens the suspended particles flow resistance, thereby shows as the increase of viscosity, has presented non-newtonian feature.The reason that causes this viscosity to increase phenomenon is the friction of solid phase particles and base fluid.Magnetic particle is subjected to the effect of magnetic torque and viscosity moment in externally-applied magnetic field.The increase of discovering externally-applied magnetic field intensity can make the viscosity of magnetic lubricating film increase, and the viscosity of magnetic lubricating film also can increase when increasing the mass fraction of magnetic nano-particle.
The increase of grinding fluid viscosity can influence the bearing capacity of film forming ability, film forming form, oil film thickness and the oil film of grinding fluid to a great extent.Nano particle can be increased simultaneously to the adsorption capacity of surface of the work, the phenomenon of flying away of the nano particle that occurs because of the compressed air effect and base oil particulate can be reduced.
In traditional nano particle micro lubricating, we find after nanometer spraying spray is attached on the surface of the work, can compressed gas dispel the formation corrugated surface, it is even inadequately to distribute, even there are some nano particles and base oil particulate to be blown finished surface, form suspended particulate in the air around, this formation for oil film, environment and operating personnel's health all is very disadvantageous.Yet magnetic nano-particle can obviously strengthen adsorption capacity under the effect in surface of the work magnetic field, be conducive to nano particle uniform spreading film forming, has significantly reduced and has flown away quantity, has improved the oil film performance simultaneously.
Using general nanometer micro lubricating, in the lubricating film of formation the distribution of nano particle as shown in Figure 8, the lubricated formed oil film of the magnetic nano-particle under the externally-applied magnetic field effect is as shown in Figure 9.From the contrast of Fig. 9 and Fig. 8, can find, the lubricated oil film that forms of magnetic nano-particle under the externally-applied magnetic field effect, more general nanometer micro lubricating oil thickness, and magnetic nano-particle is more prone to finished surface enrichment (can form magnetic linkage at surface of the work when magnetic nano-particle content is high), so the nano particle quantity that is adsorbed on finished surface obviously the nano particle in the general nanometer micro lubricating is many.And these magnetic nano-particles directly are adsorbed in surface of the work, make the very firm of its absorption under the effect of externally-applied magnetic field.Thereby when emery wheel and finished surface rub, magnetic nano-particle under the externally-applied magnetic field effect lubricates the tough and tensile physical absorption film of easier generation, and owing to nanoparticle content in this layer adsorbed film is higher relatively, so have higher intensity and heat-sinking capability.
We can find through above-mentioned analysis, and the magnetic nano-particle micro lubricating under the externally-applied magnetic field effect not only possesses all advantages of general nano particle micro lubricating, and on this basis, have further increased the thickness of oil film, hardness, and heat-sinking capability.In addition, be fixed between emery wheel and the finished surface at the effect magnetic grinding fluid of externally-applied magnetic field, can serious loss do not take place under the effect of tangential force, so just can avoid the loss of lubricating oil in friction system.Effectively controlled simultaneously flying away of magnetic spraying, greatly reduced the content of suspended particulates in the working environment, this all is very favorable for operating personnel's health and the protection of environment.
And because the magnetic nano-particle particle diameter is very little, so there is not neticdomain wall, having high saturation and magnetic intensity, the assertive evidence coercivity is zero, has superparamagnetism.Can show magnetic when adding immediately when having externally-applied magnetic field man-hour, be adsorbed in surface of the work and form oil film, can be adsorbed on workbench after being fallen by wheel grinding and can not fly away.Yet after the demagnetization of completion of processing workbench, its magnetic can disappear immediately, and this cleaning for the platform of workpiece and work is very favorable.
The experimental verification of this embodiment and interpretation of result:
Experiment is carried out flat surface grinding to No. 45 steel, and the grinding parameter of employing is: grinding wheel speed 30m/s, workpiece feed speed 0.05m/s, grinding depth 30 μ m, micro lubricating nozzle flow 2.6ml/min, compressed air pressure 6bar.Use corundum wheel in the experiment, its abrasive particle average grain diameter is 508 μ m.Testing employed grinding fluid base oil is soybean oil (vegetable oil).No. 45 steel hardness are HBS10/3000, and wherein each constituent content is as follows, and carbon containing (C) amount is 0.42-0.50%, and Si content is 0.17-0.37%, Mn content 0.50-0.80%, Cr content≤0.25%, Ni content≤0.30%, Cu content≤0.25%.
Test under four kinds of lubricating condition respectively, operating mode 1 service property (quality) mark is 3% CNT micro lubricating, and operating mode 2 service property (quality) marks are 3% MnZnFe
2O
4The nano particle micro lubricating, surface of the work magnetic induction intensity 12 milli teslas, operating mode 3 service property (quality) marks are 6% MnZnFe
2O
4The nano particle micro lubricating, surface of the work magnetic induction intensity 12 milli teslas, operating mode 4 service property (quality) marks are 6% MnZnFe
2O
4The nano particle micro lubricating.Surface of the work magnetic induction intensity 26 milli teslas.Under four kinds of different lubricating condition, measure and calculate coefficient of friction, wear scar diameter and grinding area peak temperature.
As shown in figure 10, the coefficient of friction under four kinds of operating modes is respectively 0.41,0.35,0.29 and 0.24.As shown in figure 11, wear scar diameter is respectively 1.25mm, 0.85mm, 0.71mm and 0.54mm.As shown in figure 12, the grinding area peak temperature is respectively 158 ℃, 139 ℃, 128 ℃ and 117 ℃.
Data contrast by operating mode 1 and operating mode 2 finds that the magnetic nano-particle micro lubricating under the externally-applied magnetic field effect than general nano particle micro lubricating, shows more outstanding antiwear and reducing friction and the characteristic of heat radiation just as mentioned before.Its reason is, can be adsorbed on finished surface faster at magnetic field force effect magnetic nano particle, and very firm, and quantity is more, thereby can form thicker and tough and tensile composite lubricating film relatively.
By the data contrast discovery of operating mode 2 and operating mode 3, when surface of the work magnetic induction intensity is identical, the magnetic nano-particle micro lubricating better effects if that mass fraction is bigger.Reason is that the more magnetic nano-particle of relative populations more can be adsorbed on finished surface fully, forms thicker tough and tensile oil film.But machined surface quality descends on the contrary when surpassing 18% if mass fraction continue to increase (general being difficult for above 10%), and its reason is, too much magnetic nano-particle causes that interparticle distance is too small reunites.Form bigger particle after reuniting, in grinding process, played the effect of abrasive particle, destroyed finished surface.
Find that by operating mode 3 and the data contrast of operating mode 4 when the mass fraction of magnetic nano-particle was identical, surface of the work magnetic induction intensity was more high, formed oil film is more tough and tensile, and thermal diffusivity is more good.This show the reinforcement of external magnetic field be conducive to magnetic nano-particle more firm be adsorbed on finished surface, thereby form the oil film of excellent performance.But along with the further increase of magnetic field intensity when (generally surpassing 68mT), the phenomenon of hard aggregation can take place in magnetic nano-particle under the effect of magnetic field force, can reduce workpiece surface quality on the contrary.
Claims (6)
1. a magnetic nano-particle jet and magnetic force workbench coupling oil film forms device, it is characterized in that comprise a magnetic force workbench, workpiece is adsorbed thereon by magnetic force; Emery wheel is arranged on the Working position of workpiece, and nozzle is installed in the position that cooperates with workpiece on the wheel guard; Nozzle is connected with magnetic Nano fluid liquid feed device by the magnetic Nano fluid delivery tube, is connected with air compressor by blowpipe; Magnetic Nano fluid and compressed air form the spraying of three-phase stream after mixing acceleration in nozzle: the mixed atomizing of compressed air, magnetic nano-particle and grinding fluid base oil particle; The spraying of three-phase stream enters into the grinding area between workpiece and the emery wheel, and magnetic coupling is carried out in magnetic force workbench and the spraying of three-phase stream, forms oil film at surface of the work.
2. magnetic nano-particle jet as claimed in claim 1 and magnetic force workbench coupling oil film forms device, it is characterized in that described magnetic force workbench is electromagnetic worktable, and it comprises the sucker of bottom and the cover plate on top; In sucker, be provided with heart body, winding around on the heart body, coil is connected with power control circuit; Cover plate is provided with some exhausted magnetospheres, and cover plate is divided into a plurality of fritters, and forms the N utmost point distributional pattern extremely alternate with S, and magnetosphere makes most magnetic lines of force all get back to sucker by workpiece extremely, and unlikelyly goes back by cover plate, to constitute complete magnetic circuit.
3. magnetic nano-particle jet as claimed in claim 2 and magnetic force workbench coupling oil film forms device, it is characterized in that, described exhausted magnetosphere is made by the babbit nonmagnetic substance, and width c gets 2.0-4.5mm.
4. magnetic nano-particle jet as claimed in claim 2 and magnetic force workbench coupling oil film forms device, it is characterized in that described N utmost point piece and S utmost point piece total quantity are odd number, and each N utmost point piece, S utmost point piece are wide, and N utmost point end plate width h
1, N utmost point piece width h
3With S utmost point piece width h
2Between have following relation,
5. magnetic nano-particle jet as claimed in claim 2 and magnetic force workbench coupling oil film forms device, it is characterized in that, described power control circuit comprises the one-chip computer administrative unit, the one-chip computer administrative unit is connected with photoelectricity coupling silicon control zero-cross control alternating-current switch unit, photoelectricity coupling silicon control zero-cross control alternating-current switch unit is connected with rectification filtering unit, rectification filtering unit is connected with the automatic overload protection unit, the automatic overload protection unit is cut the control unit with no arc voltage polarity and is connected, and no arc voltage polarity is cut control unit output services voltage to coil; Photoelectricity coupling silicon control zero-cross control alternating-current switch unit is connected with ac power transformer, and ac power transformer is connected with the power frequency supply input; The one-chip computer administrative unit also is connected with continuous adjustable voltage Input Control Element, and the adjustable voltage Input Control Element is connected with photoelectricity coupling silicon control zero-cross control alternating-current switch unit continuously; The one-chip computer administrative unit is cut the control unit with no arc voltage polarity and is connected, as the demagnetization loop.
6. magnetic nano-particle jet as claimed in claim 1 and magnetic force workbench coupling oil film forms device, it is characterized in that described nozzle and workpiece are 10-25cm apart from d, and the angle α of nozzle and workpiece is 15 °-45 °.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201320160689 CN203141313U (en) | 2013-04-02 | 2013-04-02 | Magnetic nanoparticle jet flow and magnetic force working table coupled oil film forming device |
| PCT/CN2013/001362 WO2014161117A1 (en) | 2013-04-02 | 2013-11-11 | Oil film forming process and device using coupled magnetic nanoparticle jet stream and magnetic force workbench |
| KR1020157007683A KR101730378B1 (en) | 2013-04-02 | 2013-11-11 | Oil film forming process and device using coupled magnetic nanoparticle jet stream and magnetic force workbench |
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| CN 201320160689 CN203141313U (en) | 2013-04-02 | 2013-04-02 | Magnetic nanoparticle jet flow and magnetic force working table coupled oil film forming device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103192323A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2013-07-10 | 青岛理工大学 | Magnetic nanoparticle jet flow and magnetic force working table coupling oil film forming process and device |
| CN114248170A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-03-29 | 湖南理工学院 | Grinding device and method for nano aerosol directional adsorption diamond grinding wheel |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103192323A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2013-07-10 | 青岛理工大学 | Magnetic nanoparticle jet flow and magnetic force working table coupling oil film forming process and device |
| CN103192323B (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2015-08-19 | 青岛理工大学 | Magnetic nano-particle jet is coupled with magnetic working table oil film formation process and device |
| CN114248170A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-03-29 | 湖南理工学院 | Grinding device and method for nano aerosol directional adsorption diamond grinding wheel |
| CN114248170B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-06-30 | 湖南理工学院 | Grinding device and method for nano aerosol directional adsorption diamond grinding wheel |
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