Background technology
Growing along with modern industrial technology, the contaminative flue gas that produces in the using energy source process has become a very important problem to the harm that ecological environment and human lives bring, be example with heavy polluted industries such as power plant, heating boiler, glass manufacturings, fuel such as coal tar, natural gas, petroleum coke powder even the raw coal flue gas that the back produces that burns in boiler mainly comprises dust, SO
2And NO
xIf, directly be disposed in the air, not only pollution of ecological environment and human health, but also can corrode production equipment, and whole production technology is caused adverse effect, therefore need carry out cleaning to the flue gas that is discharged in the atmosphere.
The processing of flue gas generally comprises dedusting, desulfurization and three steps of glue nitre, the dedusting of flue gas is divided into dry method dust and wet dedusting according to the temperature of flue gas, the general physics mode that adopts, adopt modes such as gravitational settling, inertial dust collection, electric precipitation, bag-type dust, cyclone dust collectors as dry method dust is conventional, and the conventional modes such as spray, impact, Venturi scrubbing agent, foam or moisture film that adopt of wet dedusting.The desulfur technology of flue gas is to do desulfurization absorbent with lime stone or lime, mixes with water behind the limestone crushing, and pulverize is made the absorption slurries.In the absorption tower, the SO in the flue gas
2With the CaCO in the slurries
3And the oxidation air that blasts carries out chemical reaction to generate calcium sulphate dihydrate is gypsum, makes the SO in the flue gas
2Removed.The denitrogenation of flue gas (being commonly called as denitration) technology adopts selective non-catalytic (SNCR) technology and selective catalysis (SCR) technology at present, mainly utilizes reducing agents such as ammonia, urea under certain condition with NO
xReduction becomes N
2, the SNCR technology is carried out in 900~12000 ℃ temperature range, and denitration efficiency is relatively low, for example the NO of oil burning boiler
xDischarge capacity only reduces by 30%~50%; SCR technology denitration efficiency significantly improves, yet owing to has used the very strong NH of corrosivity
3Or ammoniacal liquor, the requirement height to pipeline equipment has increased equipment cost, and because NH
3Addition be difficult to accurate control, cause secondary pollution easily.Equipment of the prior art effect when flue gas desulfurization and glue nitre is relatively poor, and water resources consumption is big, and recycling rate of waterused is low.
The utility model content
For solving prior art when flue gas is handled, its device structure causes glue sulphur glue nitre weak effect and the serious problem of water resource waste, and the utility model provides a kind of and simultaneously flue gas carried out the efficient flue gas processing device that desulphurization denitration is handled.Concrete scheme is as follows: a kind of flue gas processing device that carries out desulfurization and denitration simultaneously, comprise the heat sink that flue gas is lowered the temperature, reach the absorption tower of the flue gas that falls excess temperature being carried out desulphurization denitration, it is characterized in that, described absorption tower comprises housing, be arranged on the alkali lye liquid storage tank of housing inner bottom part, be arranged on the spray equipment in the housing, top at housing is provided with exhanst gas outlet, above housing bottom alkali lye liquid storage tank, be provided with gas approach, described housing madial wall is provided with the screw type winding mountain path that the guiding flue gas rises, and described alkali lye liquid storage tank is positioned at liquid level tip position place the circulation absorption tube is installed, and the circulation absorption tube is connected with spray equipment by circulating pump.
For reducing the temperature of high-temperature flue gas: described heat sink is the condensed water shower nozzle relative with the flue gas direction of advance that is arranged on the gas approach place.
For the temperature that reduces high-temperature flue gas and improve usage ratio of equipment: described heat sink is the gas cooler, described gas cooler comprises casing and is arranged on hot gas approach on the casing and the cold flue gas outlet, cold flue gas outlet is connected with gas approach on the absorption tower, be provided with flange-cooled hot channel at box house, an end of hot channel is connected the other end and is connected with the chimney of discharging flue gas with the exhanst gas outlet on the absorption tower.
For improving the reaction effect of each compound in the flue gas: described hot gas approach is connected with the dielectric barrier discharge reactor, and described dielectric barrier discharge reactor makes it that oxidation reaction take place to the flue gas discharge that enters.
For strengthening the resistance to corrosion on absorption tower: the inwall of described housing is provided with anticorrosive coat.
For improving the combination of water smoke and flue gas: described spray equipment comprises by layer and is distributed in a plurality of showers in the housing, and a plurality of shower nozzles opposite with the flue gas direct of travel are installed on each shower.
The utility model can be used as pre-processing device or independently purification apparatus be applicable to multiple smelting and chemical industries such as power plant, heating boiler, glass manufacturing, can the flue gas that fuel such as coal tar, natural gas, petroleum coke powder even raw coal are discharged effectively be purified; And this treating apparatus area occupied is less, and equipment investment is less, can reduce entreprise cost.Through after treating apparatus of the present utility model carries out purified treatment to flue gas, the temperature of flue gas significantly reduces, and dust particle concentration reduces, removed simultaneously a part of oxysulfide, nitrogen oxide, with much money, harmful substances such as HCl, HF, purification efficiency is higher.The circulation absorption tube can join the water of alkali lye liquid storage tank top in the spray equipment by circulating pump again, to improve the utilization rate of water.This programme can be realized dedusting, cooling, desulfurization and the denitrogenation processing to high-temperature flue gas simultaneously, effectively removes multiple harmful substances such as dust in flue gas, oxysulfide, nitrogen oxide, discharges after making its discharge index that satisfies environmental protection standard regulation.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of flue gas processing device that carries out desulfurization and denitration simultaneously of the present utility model, comprise the heat sink 3 that flue gas is lowered the temperature, reach the absorption tower 1 of the flue gas that falls excess temperature being carried out desulphurization denitration, absorption tower 1 comprises housing 101, be arranged on the alkali lye liquid storage tank 2 of housing 101 inner bottom parts, be arranged on the spray equipment 102 in the housing 101, be provided with exhanst gas outlet 104 on the top of housing 101, above housing 101 bottom alkali lye liquid storage tanks 2, be provided with gas approach 103, housing 101 madial walls are provided with the screw type winding mountain path 107 that the guiding flue gas rises, alkali lye liquid storage tank 2 is positioned at liquid level tip position place circulation absorption tube 106 is installed, and circulation absorption tube 106 is connected with spray equipment 102 by circulating pump 105.
During work, flue gas at first enters heat sink 3 and lowers the temperature accordingly, reduce temperature to 40~60 ℃ after the flue gas heat exchange of handling, enter absorption tower 1 then and carry out desulfurization and denitration, because exhanst gas outlet 104 is positioned at spray equipment 102 tops, after the water smoke that small dust in the rising flue gas is sprayed by spray equipment 102 drenches, can under the cyclonic action of screw type winding mountain path 107, produce centrifugal force and separate with flue gas, simultaneously, the flue gas of gaseous state mixes fully with the water smoke of liquid state in the housing 101, make oxysulfide in the flue gas and the alkaline matter generation neutralization reaction in the water smoke, deviate from part heavy metal and HCl simultaneously, materials such as HF.The small dust of deviating from the flue gas falls into the alkali lye liquid storage tank 2 of housing bottom at centrifugal action, part oxysulfide in the flue gas, heavy metal, HCl, HF also together fall into alkali lye liquid storage tank 2 with water smoke, finally discharge housing with alkali lye and recycle accordingly.Circulation absorption tube 106 can join the water of alkali lye liquid storage tank 2 tops in the spray equipment 102 by circulating pump 105 again, to improve the utilization rate of water.This programme can be realized dedusting, cooling, desulfurization and the denitrogenation processing to high-temperature flue gas simultaneously, effectively removes multiple harmful substances such as dust in flue gas, oxysulfide, nitrogen oxide, discharges after making its discharge index that satisfies environmental protection standard regulation.The alkali lye that adopts in the utility model is soda lye, and for example NaOH also can use ammoniacal liquor, KOH or Ca (OH)
2Deng alkaline solution, behind alkali lye and the smoke reaction, flow in the alkali lye reservoir, obtain nitrate, nitrite, sulfate mixed solution, through pervaporation, crystallization, separation circuit, obtain corresponding nitrate, nitrite and sulfate.
As shown in Figure 2, for improving water use efficiency, heat sink 3 of the present utility model is for being arranged on the condensed water shower nozzle 303 relative with the flue gas direction of advance at gas approach 103 places.The water smoke of condensed water shower nozzle 303 ejection can fully reduce the temperature of flue gas and remove dust in flue gas, and the water after using can also enter spray equipment 102 again and carries out recycling.As shown in Figure 3, heat sink 3 can also adopt the gas cooler in the utility model, the gas cooler comprises casing and is arranged on hot gas approach 301 on the casing and cold flue gas outlet 302, cold flue gas outlet 302 is connected with gas approach 103 on the absorption tower 1, be provided with flange-cooled hot channel 304 at box house, an end of hot channel 304 is connected the other end and is connected with the chimney of discharging flue gas with exhanst gas outlet 104 on the absorption tower 1.The high-temperature flue gas that enters casing carries out heat exchange with the low-temperature flue gas that is positioned at hot channel 304 by fin, and the flue gas after the cooling enters absorption tower 1 again and carries out desulfurization and denitration.This scheme can reduce the water waste and take full advantage of existing resource, but dedusting can only rely on the spray equipment in the later stage absorption tower to realize.
As shown in Figure 1, in order further to improve the reaction effect of flue gas, the utility model is connected with dielectric barrier discharge reactor 4 at hot gas approach 301, and the flue gas discharge that 4 pairs of dielectric barrier discharge reactors enter makes it that oxidation reaction take place.After the flue gas of high temperature enters dielectric barrier discharge reactor 4, by regulating voltage, the frequency of dielectric barrier discharge reactor 4 high voltage sourcies, discharge power with control medium barrier discharge reactor 4, make even, stable discharge takes place in the dielectric barrier discharge reactor 4, wherein the voltage-regulation scope is 6~20kV, and frequency-tuning range is 7~15kHz; The high energy electron that discharge generation is a large amount of, under the effect of high energy electron, the O in the flue gas
2, H
2The O molecule is activated, cracking or ionization, produces to comprise O, O
3, OH, HO
2Highly active oxidisability particle interior makes NO, SO in the flue gas
2Oxidation, the oxidation product of NO is mainly NO
2And a spot of HNO
3, HNO
2With the nitrogen oxide of other high valence states, SO
2Oxidation product be mainly SO
3, under the water vapour content condition with higher, can further generate sulfuric acid.Flue gas after the oxidation is done further to absorb by alkali lye, and the flue gas after handling at last enters atmosphere, wherein NO
XRemoval efficiency can reach more than 70%, the removal efficiency of SO2 can reach more than 90%.Reduce occupation area of equipment, simplify desulphurization denitration equipment and technological process.
For improving the antiseptic effect on absorption tower, the inwall of the utility model absorption tower 1 housing 101 is provided with anticorrosive coat.To avoid housing to be subjected to effects such as high temperature, corrosion and damage.
In order to improve the reaction effect of water smoke and flue gas, spray equipment 102 of the present utility model comprises by layer and is distributed in a plurality of showers in the housing, and a plurality of shower nozzles 108 opposite with the flue gas direct of travel are installed on each shower.Flue gas in the housing is mixed as far as possible fully with the water smoke of shower nozzle ejection.
With alkali lye absorption of N O
XThe time because the existence of OH is arranged in the solution, can with water absorption of N O
XThe HNO that generates
3, HNO
2The carrying out of reaction urged in neutralization rapidly, improved NO
XRemoval efficiency.NO
XDirect reaction does not take place in middle NO and water, and its solubility in water is also quite low, and NO
2, N
2O
3And N
2O
4Can pass gas-liquid interface and enter liquid film, reacting with water in liquid film generates HNO
3And HNO
2NO
2, N
2O
3And N
2O
4Hydration reaction be fast reaction, N wherein
2O
3Reaction speed the fastest, therefore at alkali lye absorption of N O
XThe time, NO and NO
2Proportionate relationship then particularly important, can control NO by the discharge power of regulating the dielectric barrier discharge reactor
XOxidizability (NO
2With NO
XVolume ratio), when oxidizability remains on 50%~65%, alkali lye absorption of N O
XSpeed the fastest, can reach higher removal efficiency, wherein discharge power mainly relies on the voltage that changes high voltage source ((adjustable range 7~15kHz) is regulated for adjustable range 6~20kV) and frequency.Because SO
2, SO
3Soluble in water, the SO after Low Temperature Plasma Treating in the flue gas
2, SO
3Generate H with the water reaction
2SO
3With H
2SO
4Neutralize rapidly with alkali lye afterwards and generate sulfate radical and inferior sulfate radical, the inferior sulfate radical that wherein has a strong reducing property also can with the NO of a part
2Directly reaction generates nitrite anions and sulfate radical, has urged into SO to a certain extent
2Absorption rate, also significantly improved simultaneously NO
XRemoval efficiency.Therefore be under the environment of alkalescence at absorption liquid, removing of nitrogen oxide, oxysulfide has the effect that promotes each other.
The utility model can be used as pre-processing device or independently purification apparatus be applicable to multiple smelting and chemical industries such as power plant, heating boiler, glass manufacturing, can the flue gas that fuel such as coal tar, natural gas, petroleum coke powder even raw coal are discharged effectively be purified; And this treating apparatus area occupied is less, and equipment investment is less, can reduce entreprise cost.Through after treating apparatus of the present utility model carries out purified treatment to flue gas, the temperature of flue gas significantly reduces, and dust particle concentration reduces, removed simultaneously a part of oxysulfide, nitrogen oxide, with much money, harmful substances such as HCl, HF, purification efficiency is higher.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present utility model, be not that the utility model is done any pro forma restriction, though the utility model discloses as above with preferred embodiment, yet be not in order to limit the utility model, anyly be familiar with the technical staff of this patent in not breaking away from the technical solutions of the utility model scope, when the technology contents that can utilize above-mentioned prompting is made a little change or is modified to the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, in every case be the content that does not break away from technical solutions of the utility model, any simple modification that foundation technical spirit of the present utility model is done above embodiment, equivalent variations and modification all still belong in the scope of the utility model scheme.