CN203086395U - Drive system applied to brushless direct current motor - Google Patents

Drive system applied to brushless direct current motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN203086395U
CN203086395U CN2013200220411U CN201320022041U CN203086395U CN 203086395 U CN203086395 U CN 203086395U CN 2013200220411 U CN2013200220411 U CN 2013200220411U CN 201320022041 U CN201320022041 U CN 201320022041U CN 203086395 U CN203086395 U CN 203086395U
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China
Prior art keywords
power tube
drive system
brshless
diode
motor
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CN2013200220411U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
宋哲
王友仁
鲁世红
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a drive system applied to a brushless direct current motor. The drive system applied to the brushless direct current motor comprises power tubes from first to sixth and power tubes from seventh to twelfth, wherein the power tubes from the first to the sixth are connected between a direct current input end and the ground in the structure of a three-phase bridge type inversion drive circuit, and the same power tubes from the seventh to the twelfth are respectively connected in parallel with the power tubes from the first to the sixth. Through a control signal, the cut-off and the conduction of the twelve power tubes are controlled. According to the utility model, the drive system applied to the brushless direct current motor overcomes the disadvantages that circulating current and follow current losses exist when the conventional brushless direct current motor carries out field weakening control, leading to the sharp drop of torque in a field weakening interval and a narrow field weakening speed regulation range, so that the field weakening speed regulation ratio of the brushless direct current motor is improved.

Description

A kind of drive system that is applied to brshless DC motor
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of motor driven systems, especially a kind of drive system that is applied to brshless DC motor.
Background technology
In recent years, along with improving constantly of rare earth permanent-magnetic material cost performance, magneto is simple in structure with it, power density is high, the advantage such as big of exerting oneself has obtained increasing application.At numerous areas such as space flight, electric automobile, Digit Control Machine Tool, household electrical appliance, disk drive, wind power generations, permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine becomes the more excellent selection of combination property.In considerable occasion, brshless DC motor need be operated under the operating state that is higher than rated speed, but magneto excitation magnetomotive force produces by permanent magnet, can't regulate, therefore its speed adjustable range is broad inadequately, will be the cost expanding governing to increase power supply capacity often.Searching is the research focus of this area at the method that brshless DC motor carries out weak-magnetic speed-regulating.
Based on the characteristics that the brshless DC motor excitation can't be regulated, common field weakening control method is the angle of regulating the leading back-emf of electric current.When rotating speed is higher than rated speed, make phase current leading phase back-emf, by regulating the electric current advance angle, can change the stator winding conductor number with the permanent magnetic field interlinkage, thereby regulate the magnetic linkage of conducting phase winding institute interlinkage, realize weak magnetic control system.
As shown in Figure 1, traditional brushless direct current motor drive circuit comprises with the three-phase bridge type inverse driving circuit structure and is connected first to the 6th power field effect transistor VT between direct-flow input end and the ground 1, VT 2, VT 3, VT 4, VT 5, VT 6, and corresponding parallel connected in reverse phase is at first to the 6th diode VD at first to the 6th power field effect transistor two ends 1, VD 2, VD 3, VD 4, VD 5, VD 6Wherein, VT 1, VT 3, VT 5Be called the upper arm power transistor, VT 2, VT 4, VT 6Be called the underarm power transistor.Allow motor rotate, at first control part just must be according to the present position of the rotor that Hall element in the motor is sensed, open or close the order of power transistor in the drive circuit then according to the stator winding decision, the electric current motor coil of flowing through is in regular turn produced forward or counter-rotating magnetic field, and interact with the magnet of rotor, so just can make motor up time/inverse time rotation.When rotor turn to Hall element induce another the group signal position the time, control part is opened next group power transistor again again, and so circulation motor just can be rotated further up to control part according to same direction and determine to want rotor to stop then to close power transistor or only open the underarm power transistor; Oppositely then the power transistor opening sequence is opposite to want rotor.
For brshless DC motor commonly used be the type of drive of star-like six states of three-phase, when traditional brshless DC motor carries out weak magnetic control system,, get interval 0 ° ~ 60 ° and be example, if shift to an earlier date conducting VT when A, C are the work phase time mutually 1, VT 2, this moment back electromotive force e c＞e b, be the electromotive force reference point with motor three-phase center line tie point, VT 2The upper end electromotive force is e c, because VT 2Conducting, VT 2Lower end and VT 2The upper end electromotive force is identical, i.e. VD 6The lower end electromotive force is e c, because the fly-wheel diode conduction voltage drop is very low, e c-△ U＞e b, then by C phase → VT 2→ VD 6→ B phase loop produces circulation.Circulation can produce an additional torque that hinders the rotor positive movement, and total torque is sharply descended, and rotating speed can not continue to raise.Inverter circuit circulation is to cause the interval narrow key factor of brshless DC motor weak magnetic field operation.
Summary of the invention
At above-mentioned prior art, technical problem to be solved in the utility model provides a kind of drive system that is applied to brshless DC motor, can effectively eliminate afterflow loss and circuit circulation when this drive system makes brshless DC motor carry out weak magnetic control system.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model proposes a kind of drive system that is applied to brshless DC motor, comprise with the three-phase bridge type inverse driving circuit structure and be connected first to the 6th power tube between direct-flow input end and the ground, on described first to the 6th switching tube, also distinguish corresponding identical power tube of parallel connection, promptly be respectively the 7th to the 12 power tube; The drain electrode correspondence of wherein said first to the 6th power tube respectively with its drain electrode of power tube in parallel be connected; The grid of described first to the 6th power tube, and external control source of the connection respectively of the grid correspondence of the 7th to the 12 power tube; Wherein Controlling Source is according to the rotating speed of brshless DC motor, and corresponding controls described power tube respectively.
As further prioritization scheme of the present utility model, on described first to the 6th power tube, go back corresponding first to the 6th diode that is provided with, wherein, being connected with the source electrode of described first to the 6th power tube respectively of the anode correspondence of described first to the 6th diode, being connected with the source electrode of the 7th to the 12 power tube respectively of the negative electrode correspondence of described first to the 6th diode.
As further prioritization scheme of the present utility model, described the first to the 12 power tube is pliotron GTR, or insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT, or power field effect transistor MOSFET, or Intelligent Power Module IPM.
As further prioritization scheme of the present utility model, the anodal series connection of described direct-flow input end the 7th diode.
As further prioritization scheme of the present utility model, described first to the 7th diode is fast recovery diode or high-frequency diode.
The utility model adopts above technical scheme, and beneficial effect compared with prior art is:
Compare with the driver of traditional brshless DC motor, on the basis of traditional brshless DC motor driver of six power field effect transistors that connect with the three-phase bridge type inverse driving circuit structure, each corresponding power tube two ends identical power tube respectively in parallel, its turn-on and turn-off of Synchronization Control, when eliminating a little less than the brshless DC motor magnetic control system with this, afterflow loss and circuit circulation that leading angle of flow commutation produces, the control of realization high efficiency drive, the weak-magnetic speed-regulating scope of expansion brshless DC motor.
For brshless DC motor commonly used be the type of drive of star-like six states of three-phase, the utility model driver can worked below the rated speed He under the above two states of rated speed.When motor is in the following operating state of rated speed, the converter bridge switching parts device is in the interval of 120 ° of electrical degrees of conducting, first to the 6th power tube carries out the PWM modulation modulation period at a PWM, the the 7th to the 12 power tube keeps permanent logical state at a PWM modulation period, and this moment, circuit topological structure was identical with traditional brshless DC motor driver.When motor is in rated speed and the above operating state of rated speed, the converter bridge switching parts device is in the interval of 120 ° of electrical degrees of conducting, the first to the 12 power tube carries out the PWM modulation modulation period at a PWM, its turn-on and turn-off of Synchronization Control, will carry out weak magnetic control system this moment to brshless DC motor.
The DC power supply input anode serial connection diode VD of driving system circuit of the present utility model 7, because during the motor weak magnetic field operation, back-emf raises with rotating speed and increases, when back-emf greater than DC bus-bar voltage and when having path, motor is to the power supply feedback energy, this moment, motor operated in generating state, diode VD 7Can effectively block the required path of generating state.Because the conducting simultaneously of a pair of power tube or the shutoff of brachium pontis and following brachium pontis on each, when weak magnetic field operation, winding terminal voltage produces the pulse voltage spike, connects diode VD 1~ VD 7After, the peak voltage pulse can be dropped on the diode, absorb commutation winding terminal due to voltage spikes, prevent that power tube from puncturing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is traditional brshless DC motor driving system circuit figure.
Fig. 2 is brshless DC motor driving system circuit figure of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is that the weak magnetic control system of brshless DC motor drive system of the present utility model is eliminated circulation principle figure.
Fig. 4 is the equivalent electric circuit of the utility model drive system when carrying out PWM modulation conducting below motor is in rated speed.
Fig. 5 is the equivalent electric circuit of the utility model drive system when carrying out PWM modulation turn-offing below motor is in rated speed.
Fig. 6 is the equivalent electric circuit of the utility model drive system when motor is in rated speed or carry out PWM modulation shutoff more than the rated speed.
Embodiment
For further setting forth the utility model is to reach technological means and the effect that predetermined utility model purpose is taked, and below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment of the present utility model is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of drive system that is applied to brshless DC motor of the present utility model comprises with the three-phase bridge type inverse driving circuit structure being connected first to the 6th power field effect transistor VT between direct-flow input end and the ground I_L, i=1.2.3.4.5.6 is at first to the 6th power field effect transistor VT I_L, an identical power field effect transistor, i.e. the 7th to the 12 power field effect transistor VT also respectively in parallel on the i=1.2.3.4.5.6 I_R, i=1.2.3.4.5.6; First to the 6th power field effect transistor VT wherein I_L, the drain electrode of i=1.2.3.4.5.6 respectively with its drain electrode of power field effect transistor in parallel be connected; First to the 6th power field effect transistor VT I_L, the grid of i=1.2.3.4.5.6, and the 7th to the 12 power field effect transistor VT I_R, the grid of i=1.2.3.4.5.6 connects an external control source respectively.
Wherein Controlling Source is carried out following control according to the rotating speed of brshless DC motor for power field effect transistor:
When brshless DC motor is in the following operating state of rated speed, this inverter bridge power tube in the interval of 120 ° of electrical degrees of conducting, first to the 6th power tube VT I_L, i=1.2.3.4.5.6 carries out PWM modulation, the 7th to the 12 power tube VT a PWM switch periods I_R, i=1.2.3.4.5.6 keeps permanent logical state a PWM switch periods, and according to its modulation system periodic duty.
When brshless DC motor is in rated speed and the above operating state of rated speed, this inverter bridge power tube in the interval of 120 ° of electrical degrees of conducting, first to the 6th power tube VT I_L, i=1.2.3.4.5.6, the 7th to the 12 power tube VT I_R, i=1.2.3.4.5.6 carries out the PWM modulation a PWM switch periods respectively, its turn-on and turn-off of Synchronization Control, and, eliminate the circuit circulation of described three-phase bridge type inverse driving circuit structure according to its modulation system periodic duty.
At first to the 6th power field effect transistor VT I_L, also be provided with first to the 6th diode VD on the i=1.2.3.4.5.6 1, VD 2, VD 3, VD 4, VD 5, VD 6, wherein, first to the 6th diode VD 1~ VD 6The anode correspondence respectively with first to the 6th VT I_L, the source electrode of i=1.2.3.4.5.6 power field effect transistor connects, first to the 6th diode VD 1~ VD 6The negative electrode correspondence respectively with the 7th to the 12 power field effect transistor VT I_R, the source electrode of i=1.2.3.4.5.6 connects.
The first to the 12 power tube VT I_L, i=1.2.3.4.5.6, VT I_R, i=1.2.3.4.5.6 is power field effect transistor or pliotron GTR or insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT or power field effect transistor MOSFET, perhaps Intelligent Power Module IPM.The anodal series connection of direct-flow input end the 7th diode VD 7Wherein, first to the 7th diode VD 1~ VD 7Be fast recovery diode.
As shown in Figure 1, the PWM modulation system is selected H_pwm-L_on commonly used, and the analytical method of other modulation system similarly.When adopting traditional brshless DC motor drive system, when motor is in rated speed and the above operating state of rated speed, need carry out weak magnetic control system to brshless DC motor.The leading angle of flow is 60 ° of electrical degrees, promptly at 0 ° ~ 60 ° corresponding VT 1, VT 2Conducting is at 60 ° ~ 120 ° corresponding VT 2, VT 3Conducting is at 120 ° ~ 180 ° corresponding VT 3, VT 4Conducting is at 180 ° ~ 240 ° corresponding VT 4, VT 5Conducting is at 240 ° ~ 300 ° corresponding VT 5, VT 6Conducting is at 300 ° ~ 360 ° corresponding VT 6, VT 1Conducting.
As shown in Figure 3, adopt brshless DC motor drive system of the present utility model when carrying out weak magnetic control system, getting interval 0 ° ~ 60 ° is example, makes VT 1_L, VT 1_R, VT 2_L, VT 2_RConducting, that is go up brachium pontis, C mutually at 0 ° ~ 60 ° interval A and descend the brachium pontis conducting mutually.
This moment VT 2_LThe lower end electromotive force is e c, VD 6The electromotive force of lower end also is e c, owing to e this moment c-△ U＞e bIf B descends bridge not have VT mutually 6_R, then its state is identical with the legacy drive inverter circuit, can pass through fly-wheel diode VD 6Produce complete loops, cause the formation of circulation.Add VT 6_RAfterwards, make itself and corresponding VT 6_LConducting simultaneously or shutoff are in off state this moment.Because VT 6_ROn-off action, though have Electromotive Difference Of Potential e in the loop in B phase, C phase c-e b, but conducting does not form the loop, so eliminated circuit circulation, has reduced the afterflow loss.Causing reverse obstruction torque is zero, has stoped because the torque that circulation causes sharply descends, and realizes weak magnetic speed-up.
Interval 60 ° ~ 120 °, 120 ° ~ 180 °, 180 ° ~ 240 °, 240 ° ~ 300 °, 300 ° ~ 360 ° identical with interval 0 ° ~ 60 ° control principles when PWM modulates, and the equivalent electric circuit when difference only is turn-on and turn-off is different with continuous current circuit, and analytical method is identical, is the example explanation at this with 0 ° ~ 60 ° intervals, and other interval similarly.
When motor is in the following operating state of rated speed, the converter bridge switching parts device in the interval of 120 ° of electrical degrees of conducting, VT I_LCarry out PWM modulation, VT modulation period at a PWM I_RKeep permanent logical state modulation period at a PWM, this moment, circuit topological structure was almost completely identical with traditional inverter circuit.Get A, B analyzes mutually for work mutually, the PWM modulation system is H_pwm-L_on.As shown in Figure 4, during PWM modulation conducting, VT 1_LAnd VT 6_LReceive control signal and be in conducting state, VT 1_RAnd VT 6_RKeep permanent logical state; As shown in Figure 5, when the PWM modulation is turn-offed, VT 1_LReceive control signal and be in off-state, VT 6_LKeep permanent logical state.
When motor is in rated speed and the above operating state of rated speed, the converter bridge switching parts device in the interval of 120 ° of electrical degrees of conducting, VT I_L, VT I_RCarry out the PWM modulation modulation period at a PWM, its turn-on and turn-off of Synchronization Control, will carry out weak magnetic control system this moment to brshless DC motor.Get A, B analyzes mutually for work mutually, the PWM modulation system is H_pwm-L_on, is example with 60 ° of electrical degrees of the leading angle of flow.
Compare with traditional inverter circuit, the drive system inverter circuit that the utility model proposes can effectively be eliminated afterflow loss and circuit circulation.This is Synchronization Control VT I_L, VT I_RThe result of turn-on and turn-off.When A, B mutually for the work phase time, in the interval of 120 ° of electrical degrees of conducting, control circuit is only to switching device VT 1_L, VT 1_R, VT 6_L, VT 6_RModulate, during PWM modulation conducting, if A descends bridge not have VT mutually 4_R, then its circuit is identical with traditional inverter circuit, can pass through fly-wheel diode VD 4Produce complete loops, cause the formation of afterflow; Shown in Figure 6, add VT 4_RAfter, make itself and corresponding VT 4_LTurn-off simultaneously or conducting, be in off state this moment, because VT 4_ROn-off action, effectively eliminated the generation of afterflow and the power loss that afterflow brings.
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings execution mode of the present utility model has been done detailed description above, but the utility model is not limited to above-mentioned execution mode, in the ken that those of ordinary skills possessed, can also not break away under the prerequisite of the utility model aim and make various variations.

Claims (5)

1. drive system that is applied to brshless DC motor, comprise with the three-phase bridge type inverse driving circuit structure and be connected first to the 6th power tube between direct-flow input end and the ground, it is characterized in that: on described first to the 6th switching tube, also distinguish corresponding identical power tube of parallel connection, promptly be respectively the 7th to the 12 power tube; The drain electrode correspondence of wherein said first to the 6th power tube respectively with its drain electrode of power tube in parallel be connected; The grid of described first to the 6th power tube, and external control source of the connection respectively of the grid correspondence of the 7th to the 12 power tube; Wherein Controlling Source is according to the rotating speed of brshless DC motor, and corresponding controls described power tube respectively.
2. the drive system that is applied to brshless DC motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: on described first to the 6th power tube, go back corresponding first to the 6th diode that is provided with, wherein, being connected with the source electrode of described first to the 6th power tube respectively of the anode correspondence of described first to the 6th diode, being connected with the source electrode of the 7th to the 12 power tube respectively of the negative electrode correspondence of described first to the 6th diode.
3. the drive system that is applied to brshless DC motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described the first to the 12 power tube is pliotron GTR, or insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT, or power field effect transistor MOSFET, or Intelligent Power Module IPM.
4. the drive system that is applied to brshless DC motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the anodal series connection of described direct-flow input end the 7th diode.
5. the drive system that is applied to brshless DC motor according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described first to the 7th diode is fast recovery diode or high-frequency diode.
CN2013200220411U 2013-01-16 2013-01-16 Drive system applied to brushless direct current motor Expired - Fee Related CN203086395U (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104967374A (en) * 2015-07-13 2015-10-07 江苏元凯电气科技有限公司 Brushless DC motor driver topological structure and control method thereof
CN106849729A (en) * 2017-03-23 2017-06-13 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 SPM and air-conditioner

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104967374A (en) * 2015-07-13 2015-10-07 江苏元凯电气科技有限公司 Brushless DC motor driver topological structure and control method thereof
CN104967374B (en) * 2015-07-13 2018-02-09 江苏元凯电气科技有限公司 A kind of brushless direct current motor driver topological structure and its control method
CN106849729A (en) * 2017-03-23 2017-06-13 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 SPM and air-conditioner

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Granted publication date: 20130724

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