CN104079227B - A kind of have the electric system reducing common mode disturbances ability - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of electric system having and reducing common mode disturbances ability, including motor, dc source, bridge-type inverter, controller and 1～2 chopping switch；The present invention controls two chopping switch simultaneously, can reduce maximum and the minimum of a value of motor common-mode voltage, farthest reduces the change of common-mode voltage, improves the Electro Magnetic Compatibility of system；When only selecting to control any one chopping switching tube, also can reduce maximum or the minimum of a value of motor common-mode voltage, so on the premise of reducing motor common mode disturbances, simultaneously can reduced cost.Control strategy of the present invention has only to simply revise on conventional motor driven systems and can realize, and this is conducive to the quick application of electric system, solves rapidly the common mode disturbances problem existed, the Electro Magnetic Compatibility of raising system, therefore, it is achieved method is easy, practical.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of motors, be specifically related to a kind of department of electrical engineering having and reducing common mode disturbances ability
System.
Background technology
At present, known electric machine controller controls motor operating state in order to flexible and changeable, and it is typically by whole
Stream and inversion two parts form, in conjunction with pulsewidth modulation (Pulse Width Modulation is called for short PWM) technology,
The operation that motor is stable in the wider range of speeds can be realized.Pulse modulation technology acts on Converting Unit,
By the break-make to DC voltage, it is achieved the flexible control to motor.Owing to pulse modulation technology is in motor control
The superiority of aspect processed, the most progressively instead of the speed regulating method such as pressure regulation, pole-changing in Motor Control Field
Application.
Although existing pulse modulation technology control performance is excellent, but its high-frequency switch feature, can cause
Motor driven systems produces high frequency common mode interference, and then causes the overvoltage of motor side, shaft voltage, bearing electricity
The negative effects such as stream, thus motor damage and environment pollution with electromagnet can be caused.
As a example by three-phase, Fig. 1 show the voltage vector-diagram of space voltage vector control algorithm, i.e. with six
Motor is controlled by space voltage vector and two zero voltage space vectors, eight the most corresponding inversions of state
Turning on and off of six switching tubes of device, and motor operation course be divide into six different sectors (in figure
1. to 6.).In motor driven systems based on space voltage vector control algorithm, six switches of inverter circuit
Pipe can select different on off states according to sector, motor place, so that motor is applied effective voltage space
Vector.
But, exactly because the running of motor needs to toggle in these eight states, result in electricity
The saltus step of machine common-mode voltage, in turn results in the common mode disturbances of motor driven systems.Assume DC bus powered electricity
Pressure is, according to the difference of inverter switching states, motor common-mode voltage value can between change.This alternation
Common-mode voltage result in the common mode disturbances of electric system.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned technical problem existing for prior art, the invention discloses one have minimizing common mode do
Disturb the electric system of ability, it is possible to the common mode disturbances and the structure design that reduce motor are simple.
A kind of have the electric system reducing common mode disturbances ability, including motor, dc source, bridge type inverse
Device, controller and 1～2 chopping switch；Described bridge-type inverter AC and the stator winding of motor
Corresponding connection, described controller is for providing driving signal for bridge-type inverter and chopping switch；
If chopping switch is one, then the positive pole of dc source is by the anode of chopping switch with bridge-type inverter
Being connected, the negative pole of dc source is directly connected with the negative terminal of bridge-type inverter；Or the positive pole of dc source is direct
Being connected with the anode of bridge-type inverter, the negative pole of dc source is by the negative terminal of chopping switch with bridge-type inverter
It is connected；
If chopping switch is two, then the positive and negative polarities of dc source are respectively by a chopping switch and inversion
The positive and negative two ends correspondence of device connects.
Described dc source be independent direct voltage source or prime AC power rectified after direct current defeated
Go out.
Described chopping switch uses the switching tube with anti-paralleled diode.
Described switching tube is that (insulated gate is double for MOSFET (metal-oxide layer semiconductcor field effect transistor), IGBT
Bipolar transistor), IGCT (integrated gate commutated thyristor), IEGT (electron injection enhancement gate transistor),
GTO (turn-off thyristor), triode or IGCT etc..
Described diode is Schottky diode, fast recovery diode, silicone tube or silicon carbide diode etc..
Under the control of the controller, only when the switching tube of upper brachium pontis all in bridge-type inverter is (i.e. on switching tube
Pipe) when all closing, the chopping switch being connected with DC power anode just turns off, this chopping switch of other situations
All close；Only when the switching tube (i.e. switching tube down tube) of lower brachium pontis all in bridge-type inverter all closes,
The chopping switch being connected with DC power cathode just turns off, and this chopping switch of other situations all closes.
Described motor and bridge-type inverter can be single-phase, two-phase, three-phase or heterogeneous.
The present invention, by setting up chopping switch at inverter direct-flow side, reduces common mode common when motor runs
Interference problem, its Advantageous Effects is as follows:
(1) present invention controls two chopping switch simultaneously, can reduce maximum and the minimum of motor common-mode voltage
Value, farthest reduces the change of common-mode voltage, improves the Electro Magnetic Compatibility of system.
(2), when the present invention only selects to control any one chopping switching tube, motor common-mode voltage can be reduced
Big value or minimum of a value, so on the premise of reducing motor common mode disturbances, simultaneously can reduced cost.
(3) control strategy of the present invention has only to simply revise on conventional motor driven systems
Realizing, this is conducive to the quick application of electric system, solves rapidly the common mode disturbances problem existed, improves system
The Electro Magnetic Compatibility of system, therefore, it is achieved method is easy, practical.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the space voltage vector figure (as a example by three-phase) that motor controls.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation (as a example by three-phase) of electric system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the common-mode voltage waveform diagram of conventional motor system.
The break-make schematic diagram of chopping switch when Fig. 4 (a) is switching tube down tube all-pass under the first control strategy.
Fig. 4 (b) is the break-make schematic diagram of chopping switch during pipe all-pass on switching tube under the first control strategy.
Fig. 4 (c) is motor common-mode voltage waveform diagram under the first control strategy.
Fig. 5 (a) is the break-make schematic diagram of chopping switch during pipe all-pass on switching tube under the second control strategy.
Fig. 5 (b) is motor common-mode voltage waveform diagram under the second control strategy.
The break-make schematic diagram of chopping switch when Fig. 6 (a) is switching tube down tube all-pass under the 3rd control strategy.
Fig. 6 (b) is motor common-mode voltage waveform diagram under the 3rd control strategy.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more specifically describe the present invention, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the detailed description of the invention skill to the present invention
Art scheme is described in detail.
It is illustrated in figure 2 motor driven systems, opens including dc source, the first chopping switch, the second copped wave
Pass, inverter, motor and controller.Wherein, chopping switch and inverter HF switch pipe can be
MOSFET, IGBT, IGCT, IEGT, triode, GTO, IGCT etc..If switching tube self
Not gathering the diode of reverse parallel connection, then add the diode of reverse parallel connection, diode can be Schottky
Diode, fast recovery diode, silicone tube, silicon carbide diode etc..
Present embodiment is as a example by three phase electric machine system, but is not limited to three phase electric machine system.Dc source
Can be transformed from AC power by rectification and filter circuit, it is also possible to from DC suppling equipment.This is straight
Stream power supply positive and negative terminal has all been connected chopping switch S7 and S8, for late-class circuit (inverter) and prime
The connection of dc source and shutoff.The inverter being made up of 6 switching tubes (S1～S6) is accessed after chopping switch,
For dc source being reverse into AC power, controlling alternating current generator and running.The most each switching tube is with instead
As a example by the IGBT of parallel diode, but it is not limited to IGBT.The control strategy of whole motor driven systems is by controlling
Device processed completes, and by the collection to electric machine operating characteristic, exports 8 roads and drives signal, be used for driving switching tube
S1～S8.
As it is shown in figure 1, space voltage vector control algorithm common in motor control strategy has 8 kinds of space electricity
Pressure vector V0～V7, wherein V0 and V7 is zero voltage space vector, V7 be high potential Zero voltage vector (i.e.
Pipe conducting on all switching tubes), V0 is electronegative potential Zero voltage vector (conducting of the most all switching tube down tubes).Zero
Although space vector of voltage is not effective voltage vector to motor, effective torque will not be produced, but permissible
Optimize motor to control.
As it is shown on figure 3, conventional motor drive system can make motor produce the alternation common-mode voltage of amplitude, Fig. 3
Being i.e. the waveform diagram of conventional motor common-mode voltage, common-mode voltage can be calculated by following formula:
Wherein: uCMFor the voltage of motor winding neutral point C to dc bus clamp midpoint M, uUMFor motor U end
To the voltage of dc bus clamp midpoint M, uVMThe voltage of midpoint M is clamped for motor V end to dc bus,
uWMVoltage for motor W end to dc bus clamp midpoint M.
As can be seen from Figure 3, in the case of not doing any corrective measure, the common-mode voltage peak-to-peak value of motor can reach
The size of d-c bus voltage value.When using high DC bus-bar voltage, strong common mode disturbances can be produced,
Cause serious negative effect.
In order to make alternating current function even running, the voltage vector of motor should control at the voltage shown in Fig. 1 empty
Between polar plot smoothly operates.Such as, when need apply electric moter voltage vector position in sector 1. time,
Just can utilize space voltage vector V1, V2 and Zero voltage vector V0, V7, form seven segmentations and control to calculate
Method, realizes desired voltage vector.In sector 1. running, due to different on off states, electricity
Machine common-mode voltage can to, then arrive, finally reach maximum.In like manner, when motor runs in other sectors,
Common-mode voltage equally can be from changing to.Therefore, when motor is properly functioning, on off state constantly this 8
Switch under the state of kind (as a example by three-phase), define common-mode voltage waveform as shown in Figure 3.
When zero voltage space vector effect, three input short circuits of motor, the electric current on dc bus is zero,
Be equivalent to dc source and Converting Unit is not in contact with.If now dc source and inverter are disconnected,
Properly functioning on motor does not has any impact.Utilizing this characteristic, the present invention is in zero voltage space vector effect
Time, dc source and inverter are disconnected, weaken motor common-mode voltage and follow on off state change and change,
To reduce the common mode disturbances of motor.
Embodiment one
The circuit topological structure of the present embodiment is as in figure 2 it is shown, as a example by three-phase, each on DC voltage positive and negative terminal
Connect a switching tube (chopping switch being connected with positive pole is S7, and the chopping switch being connected with negative pole is S8)；
The full bridge inverter being made up of 6 switching tubes, wherein, S1, S4 is accessed after chopping switch S7 and S8
Forming the upper underarm of the first brachium pontis, S3, S6 form the upper underarm of the second brachium pontis, and S5, S2 form the 3rd brachium pontis
Upper underarm.
When zero voltage space vector effect, the common-mode voltage of motor is.If made at zero voltage space vector
In the case of with, simultaneously switch off the connection of dc source and inverter, then motor power now can be in height
Resistance state, the current potential of motor is determined by oneself factor completely, thus the common-mode voltage amplitude being not up to.
The control strategy that present embodiment uses is as follows:
When inverter down tube all-pass, i.e. during zero voltage space vector V0 effect, chopping switch S7 turns on,
Chopping switch S8 turns off.As shown in Fig. 4 (a), when S1, S3, S5 switching tube is all off, S4, S6,
When S2 switching tube all turns on, chopping switch S7 turns on, and chopping switch S8 turns off.
When pipe all-pass on inverter, i.e. during zero voltage space vector V7 effect, chopping switch S8 turns on,
Chopping switch S7 turns off.As shown in Fig. 4 (b), when S1, S3, S5 switching tube all turns on, S4, S6,
When S2 switching tube is all off, chopping switch S8 turns on, and chopping switch S7 turns off.
When other on off states, i.e. during the effect of non-zero voltage space vector, chopping switch S7 and S8 leads
Logical.
Above-mentioned logic control make use of the chopping switch impact on common-mode voltage, has reached to reduce common-mode voltage
Purpose.As shown in Fig. 4 (a), when zero voltage space vector V0 effect, disconnect chopping switch S8, make motor
It is in high-impedance state, is possible to prevent motor common-mode voltage to reach；In like manner, as shown in Fig. 4 (b), when no-voltage is empty
Between vector V7 effect time, disconnect chopping switch S7, be possible to prevent motor common-mode voltage to reach.
When motor driven systems drives according to this control strategy, the motor common mode as shown in Fig. 4 (c) will be produced
Voltage.From Fig. 4 (c), present embodiment makes the maximum of motor common-mode voltage and minimum of a value be reduced.
Common-mode voltage shown in comparison diagram 3, on the premise of DC bus-bar voltage is constant, being total to of present embodiment
Mode voltage peak-to-peak value is reduced into original 1/3.Therefore utilize the control strategy of present embodiment, can be farthest
Reduce the amplitude of variation of motor common-mode voltage, and then farthest reduce the common mode disturbances of motor.
Embodiment two
Present embodiment only selects the chopping switch S7 at high pressure to be controlled, and another chopping switch is led all the time
Logical, and, in order to reduce cost, simplify control, this chopping switch can be saved, and by DC power cathode
It is joined directly together with inverter negative terminal.
Same as a example by three-phase, a switching tube (chopping switch is S7) that DC voltage anode is connected；Copped wave
Accessing, after switch S7, the full bridge inverter being made up of 6 switching tubes, wherein, S1, S4 form the first bridge
The upper underarm of arm, S3, S6 form the upper underarm of the second brachium pontis, the upper underarm of S5, S2 composition the 3rd brachium pontis.
When zero voltage space vector V7 effect, the common-mode voltage of motor is.If at zero voltage space vector
In the case of V7 effect, simultaneously switch off the connection with dc source, then motor now can be in high-impedance state,
The current potential of motor is determined by oneself factor completely, without the common-mode voltage amplitude reached.
The control strategy that present embodiment uses is as follows:
When pipe all-pass on inverter, i.e. during zero voltage space vector V7 effect, chopping switch S7 turns off.
As shown in Fig. 5 (a), when S1, S3, S5 switching tube all turns on, and S4, S6, S2 switching tube is all off
Time, chopping switch S7 turns off.
When other on off states, i.e., when zero voltage space vector V0 or non-zero voltage space vector effect, cut
Switch S7 is constantly on for ripple.
Above-mentioned logic control make use of the chopping switch impact on common-mode voltage, has reached to reduce common-mode voltage
Purpose.As shown in Fig. 5 (a), when zero voltage space vector V7 effect, disconnect chopping switch S7, can in case
Only motor common-mode voltage reaches.
When motor driven systems drives according to this control strategy, the motor common mode as shown in Fig. 5 (b) will be produced
Voltage.From Fig. 5 (b), present embodiment makes the maximum of motor common-mode voltage reduce.Comparison diagram 3
Shown in common-mode voltage, on the premise of DC bus-bar voltage is constant, the common-mode voltage peak of present embodiment-
Peak value is reduced into original 2/3.Utilize the control strategy of present embodiment, motor common-mode voltage can be reduced
Big value, and then reduce the common mode disturbances of motor；Only add a chopping switch simultaneously, compare embodiment one
Cost can be reduced.
Embodiment three
Present embodiment only selects the chopping switch S8 at low pressure to be controlled, and another chopping switch is led all the time
Logical, and, in order to reduce cost, simplify control, this chopping switch can be saved, and by DC power anode
It is joined directly together with inverter anode.
Same as a example by three-phase, a switching tube (chopping switch is S8) that DC voltage negative terminal is connected；Copped wave
Accessing, after switch S8, the full bridge inverter being made up of 6 switching tubes, wherein, S1, S4 form the first bridge
The upper underarm of arm, S3, S6 form the upper underarm of the second brachium pontis, the upper underarm of S5, S2 composition the 3rd brachium pontis.
When zero voltage space vector V0 effect, the common-mode voltage of motor is.If at zero voltage space vector
In the case of V0 effect, simultaneously switch off the connection with dc source, then motor now can be in high-impedance state,
The current potential of motor is determined by oneself factor completely, without the common-mode voltage amplitude reached.
The control strategy that present embodiment uses is as follows:
When inverter down tube all-pass, i.e. during zero voltage space vector V0 effect, chopping switch S8 turns off.
As shown in Fig. 6 (a), when S1, S3, S5 switching tube all turns on, and S4, S6, S2 switching tube is all off
Time, chopping switch S8 turns off.
When other on off states, i.e., when zero voltage space vector V7 or non-zero voltage space vector effect, cut
Switch S8 is constantly on for ripple.
Above-mentioned logic control make use of the chopping switch impact on common-mode voltage, has reached to reduce common-mode voltage
Purpose.As shown in Fig. 6 (a), when zero voltage space vector V0 effect, disconnect chopping switch S8, can in case
Only motor common-mode voltage reaches.
When motor driven systems drives according to this control strategy, the motor common mode as shown in Fig. 6 (b) will be produced
Voltage.From Fig. 6 (b), present embodiment makes the minimum of a value of motor common-mode voltage reduce.Comparison diagram 3
Shown in common-mode voltage, on the premise of DC bus-bar voltage is constant, the common-mode voltage peak of present embodiment-
Peak value is reduced into original 2/3.Utilize the control strategy of present embodiment, motor common-mode voltage can be reduced
Little value, and then reduce the common mode disturbances of motor；Only add a chopping switch simultaneously, compare embodiment one
Cost can be reduced.
Claims (5)
1. one kind has the electric system reducing common mode disturbances ability, it is characterised in that: include motor, direct current
Power supply, bridge-type inverter, controller and 1～2 chopping switch；Described bridge-type inverter AC with
The stator winding correspondence of motor connects, and described controller is for providing for bridge-type inverter and chopping switch
Drive signal；
If chopping switch is one, then the positive pole of dc source is by the anode of chopping switch with bridge-type inverter
Being connected, the negative pole of dc source is directly connected with the negative terminal of bridge-type inverter；Or the positive pole of dc source is direct
Being connected with the anode of bridge-type inverter, the negative pole of dc source is by the negative terminal of chopping switch with bridge-type inverter
It is connected；
If chopping switch is two, then the positive and negative polarities of dc source are respectively by a chopping switch and inversion
The positive and negative two ends correspondence of device connects；
Under the control of the controller, only when the switching tube of upper brachium pontis all in bridge-type inverter all closes, with
The chopping switch that DC power anode connects just turns off, and this chopping switch of other situations all closes；Only work as bridge-type
When in inverter, the switching tube of all lower brachium pontis all closes, the chopping switch being connected with DC power cathode just closes
Disconnected, this chopping switch of other situations all closes.
Electric system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described dc source is independent
Direct voltage source or prime AC power rectified after direct current output.
Electric system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described chopping switch uses band
There is the switching tube of anti-paralleled diode.
Electric system the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described switching tube is
MOSFET, IGBT, IGCT, IEGT, GTO, triode or IGCT.
Electric system the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described diode is Schottky
Diode, fast recovery diode, silicone tube or silicon carbide diode.
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| CN104467594B (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2017-05-10 | 沈阳工业大学 | SVPWM modulation method applied to motor driving system |
| DE102017102955A1 (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2018-08-16 | Ebm-Papst Mulfingen Gmbh & Co. Kg | Five switches topology |
| CN107070361B (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2019-02-12 | 沈阳工业大学 | A kind of SVPWM control method reducing six-phase motor common-mode voltage |
| CN107666261B (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2019-12-10 | 沈阳工业大学 | SVPWM control method for double three-phase motor with low common-mode voltage |
| CN112104253A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-18 | 南京航空航天大学 | High-conversion-efficiency DC-AC inverter and inversion method |
| CN113014169B (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2023-04-07 | 中国矿业大学 | Mine electric locomotive common-mode voltage prediction control method based on voltage vector |
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| DE102004030912B3 (en) * | 2004-06-25 | 2006-01-19 | Sma Technologie Ag | Method for converting a direct electrical voltage of a DC voltage source, in particular a photovoltaic DC voltage source into an AC voltage |
| ES2541772T3 (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2015-07-24 | Ingeteam Power Technology, S.A. | Single phase inverter circuit for conditioning and converting direct current electrical energy into alternating current electrical energy |
| CN101707442A (en) * | 2009-11-16 | 2010-05-12 | 浙江大学 | Transformer-free inverter |
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