CN103095193B - A kind of drive system being applied to brshless DC motor - Google Patents

A kind of drive system being applied to brshless DC motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103095193B
CN103095193B CN201310015445.2A CN201310015445A CN103095193B CN 103095193 B CN103095193 B CN 103095193B CN 201310015445 A CN201310015445 A CN 201310015445A CN 103095193 B CN103095193 B CN 103095193B
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power tube
motor
brshless
diode
power
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CN103095193A (en
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宋哲
王友仁
鲁世红
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of drive system being applied to brshless DC motor, comprise and be connected to first between direct-flow input end and ground to the 6th power tube with three-phase bridge type inverse driving circuit structure, and the power tube that also parallel connection one is identical respectively on the first to the 6th switching tube, i.e. the 7th to the 12 power tube.Shutoff and the conducting of these 12 power tubes is controlled by control signal, instant invention overcomes when conventional brushless DC motor carries out weak magnetics detect and there is circulation and afterflow loss, torque between weak magnetic area is caused sharply to decline, the shortcoming of the deficiency that weak-magnetic speed-regulating range is narrow, thus improve brshless DC motor weak-magnetic speed-regulating ratio.

Description

A kind of drive system being applied to brshless DC motor
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of motor driven systems, especially a kind of drive system being applied to brshless DC motor.
Background technology
In recent years, along with improving constantly of rare earth permanent-magnetic material cost performance, magneto is simple with its structure, power density is high, the advantage such as large of exerting oneself obtains increasing application.At numerous areas such as space flight, electric automobile, Digit Control Machine Tool, household electrical appliance, disk drive, wind power generations, permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine becomes combination property and preferably selects.In considerable occasion, under brshless DC motor needs to be operated in the operating state higher than rated speed, but magneto excitation magnetic kinetic potential is produced by permanent magnet, cannot regulate, therefore its speed adjustable range is broad not, often will to increase power supply capacity for cost expanding governing.Find the study hotspot that the method for carrying out weak-magnetic speed-regulating for brshless DC motor is this area.
Based on the feature that brshless DC motor excitation cannot regulate, common field weakening control method is the angle regulating the advanced back-emf of electric current.When rotating speed is higher than rated speed, make phase current leading phase back-emf, by regulating electric current advance angle, the stator winding conductor number with permanent magnetic field interlinkage can be changed, thus have adjusted the magnetic linkage of conducting phase winding institute interlinkage, realizing weak magnetics detect.
As shown in Figure 1, traditional brushless direct current motor drive circuit comprises and is connected to first between direct-flow input end and ground to the 6th power field effect transistor VT with three-phase bridge type inverse driving circuit structure 1, VT 2, VT 3, VT 4, VT 5, VT 6, and corresponding parallel connected in reverse phase is at first to the 6th diode VD at the first to the 6th power field effect transistor two ends 1, VD 2, VD 3, VD 4, VD 5, VD 6.Wherein, VT 1, VT 3, VT 5be called upper arm power transistor, VT 2, VT 4, VT 6be called underarm power transistor.Allow electric machine rotation, first the control part current position of rotor that just must sense according to Hall element in motor, then the order of opening or closing power transistor in drive circuit is determined according to stator winding, make electric current sequentially flow through motor coil to produce forward or counter-rotating magnetic field, and interact with the magnet of rotor, motor up time/inverse time so just can be made to rotate.When rotor turn to Hall element induce another group signal position time, control part opens again next group power transistor again, and circulation motor like this just can be rotated further according to same direction until control part determines to want rotor to stop then closing power transistor or only opening underarm power transistor; Oppositely then power transistor opening sequence is contrary to want rotor.
What commonly use for brshless DC motor is the type of drive of star-like six states of three-phase, and when conventional brushless DC motor carries out weak magnetics detect, when A, C phase is work phase time, getting interval 0 ° ~ 60 ° is example, if shorting advance VT 1, VT 2, now back electromotive force e c> e b, with motor three-phase center line tie point for electromotive force reference point, VT 2upper end electromotive force is e c, due to VT 2conducting, VT 2lower end and VT 2upper end electromotive force is identical, i.e. VD 6lower end electromotive force is e c, because fly-wheel diode conduction voltage drop is very low, e c-△ U > e b, then by C phase → VT 2→ VD 6→ B phase loop produces circulation.Circulation can produce the additional torque that is hindered rotor positive movement, and total torque is sharply declined, and rotating speed can not continue to raise.Inverter circuit circulation causes the interval narrow key factor of brshless DC motor weak magnetic field operation.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned prior art, technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of drive system being applied to brshless DC motor, effectively eliminates afterflow loss and circuit circulation when this drive system enables brshless DC motor carry out weak magnetics detect.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention proposes a kind of drive system being applied to brshless DC motor, comprise and be connected to first between direct-flow input end and ground to the 6th power tube with three-phase bridge type inverse driving circuit structure, the power tube that parallel connection one also corresponding respectively on the described first to the 6th switching tube is identical, is namely respectively the 7th to the 12 power tube; The drain electrode of the power tube in parallel with it respectively of the drain electrode correspondence of the wherein said first to the 6th power tube is connected; The grid of the described first to the 6th power tube, and external control source of connection respectively that the grid of the 7th to the 12 power tube is corresponding; Following control, according to the rotating speed of brshless DC motor, is carried out for described power tube in the source that wherein controls:
When brshless DC motor is in the following operating state of rated speed, this inverter bridge power tube is in the interval of 120 ° of electrical degrees of conducting, described first to the 6th power tube carries out PWM a PWM switch periods, described 7th to the 12 power tube keeps Heng Tong state a PWM switch periods, and according to its modulation system periodic duty;
When brshless DC motor is in rated speed and the above operating state of rated speed, this inverter bridge power tube is in the interval of 120 ° of electrical degrees of conducting, described first to the 6th power tube, the 7th to the 12 power tube carry out PWM a PWM switch periods respectively, its turn-on and turn-off of Synchronization Control, and according to its modulation system periodic duty, eliminate the circuit circulation of described three-phase bridge type inverse driving circuit structure.
Further improve as of the present invention, what the described first to the 6th power tube was gone back correspondence is provided with the first to the 6th diode, wherein, corresponding being connected with the source electrode of the described first to the 6th power tube respectively of anode of the described first to the 6th diode, corresponding being connected with the source electrode of the 7th to the 12 power tube respectively of negative electrode of the described first to the 6th diode.
Further improve as of the present invention, described first to the 12 power tube is pliotron GTR, or insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT, or power field effect transistor MOSFET, or intelligent power module.
Further improve as of the present invention, described direct-flow input end positive pole series connection the 7th diode.
Further improve as of the present invention, the described first to the 7th diode is fast recovery diode or high-frequency diode.
The present invention adopts above technical scheme, and beneficial effect is compared with prior art:
Compared with the driver of conventional brushless DC motor, on the basis of the conventional brushless DC motor driver of six power field effect transistors connected with three-phase bridge type inverse driving circuit structure, corresponding each power tube two ends power tube that parallel connection one is identical respectively, its turn-on and turn-off of Synchronization Control, when eliminating brshless DC motor weak magnetics detect with this, the afterflow loss that advanced angle of flow commutation produces and circuit circulation, realize high efficiency drive to control, the weak-magnetic speed-regulating range of expansion brshless DC motor.
What commonly use for brshless DC motor is the type of drive of star-like six states of three-phase, and driver of the present invention can work below rated speed He under the above two states of rated speed.When motor is in the following operating state of rated speed, converter bridge switching parts device is in the interval of 120 ° of electrical degrees of conducting, first to the 6th power tube carries out PWM a PWM cycle, 7th to the 12 power tube keeps Heng Tong state a PWM cycle, and now circuit topological structure is identical with conventional brushless DC motor driver.
When motor is in rated speed and the above operating state of rated speed, converter bridge switching parts device is in the interval of 120 ° of electrical degrees of conducting, first to the 6th power tube, the 7th to the 12 power tube carry out PWM a PWM cycle respectively, its turn-on and turn-off of Synchronization Control, now will carry out weak magnetics detect to brshless DC motor.
The DC power supply input anode series diode VD of driving system circuit of the present invention 7, due to during motor weak magnetic field operation, back-emf raises with rotating speed and increases, and when back-emf is greater than DC bus-bar voltage and has path, motor is to power supply feedback energy, and now motor operates in generating state, diode VD 7can effectively block path needed for generating state.Due to the conducting simultaneously of a pair power tube or the shutoff of brachium pontis on each and lower brachium pontis, when weak magnetic field operation, winding terminal voltage produces pulse voltage spike, connects diode VD 1~ VD 7after, by peak voltage pulse landing on the diode, commutation winding terminal due to voltage spikes can be absorbed, prevents power tube from puncturing.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is conventional brushless DC motor driven systems circuit diagram.
Fig. 2 is BLDCM Drive System circuit diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that BLDCM Drive System weak magnetics detect of the present invention eliminates circulation principle figure.
To be drive system of the present invention be in equivalent electric circuit when below rated speed carries out PWM conducting at motor to Fig. 4.
To be drive system of the present invention be at motor the equivalent electric circuit that below rated speed carries out when PWM turns off to Fig. 5.
To be drive system of the present invention be at motor the equivalent electric circuit that more than rated speed or rated speed carry out when PWM turns off to Fig. 6.
Embodiment
For further setting forth the present invention for the technological means reaching predetermined goal of the invention and take and effect, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of drive system being applied to brshless DC motor of the present invention, comprises and is connected to first between direct-flow input end and ground to the 6th power field effect transistor VT with three-phase bridge type inverse driving circuit structure i_L, i=1.2.3.4.5.6, at the first to the 6th power field effect transistor VT i_L, the power field effect transistor that on i=1.2.3.4.5.6, also parallel connection one is identical respectively, i.e. the 7th to the 12 power field effect transistor VT i_R, i=1.2.3.4.5.6; Wherein the first to the 6th power field effect transistor VT i_L, the drain electrode of the power field effect transistor that the drain electrode of i=1.2.3.4.5.6 is in parallel with it is respectively connected; First to the 6th power field effect transistor VT i_L, the grid of i=1.2.3.4.5.6, and the 7th to the 12 power field effect transistor VT i_R, the grid of i=1.2.3.4.5.6 connects an external control source respectively.
Following control, according to the rotating speed of brshless DC motor, is carried out for power field effect transistor in the source that wherein controls:
When brshless DC motor is in the following operating state of rated speed, this inverter bridge power tube in the interval of 120 ° of electrical degrees of conducting, the first to the 6th power tube VT i_L, i=1.2.3.4.5.6 carries out PWM a PWM switch periods, the 7th to the 12 power tube VT i_R, i=1.2.3.4.5.6 keeps Heng Tong state a PWM switch periods, and according to its modulation system periodic duty.
When brshless DC motor is in rated speed and the above operating state of rated speed, this inverter bridge power tube in the interval of 120 ° of electrical degrees of conducting, the first to the 6th power tube VT i_L, i=1.2.3.4.5.6, the 7th to the 12 power tube VT i_R, i=1.2.3.4.5.6 carries out PWM a PWM switch periods respectively, its turn-on and turn-off of Synchronization Control, and according to its modulation system periodic duty, eliminates the circuit circulation of described three-phase bridge type inverse driving circuit structure.
At the first to the 6th power field effect transistor VT i_L, i=1.2.3.4.5.6 is also provided with the first to the 6th diode VD 1, VD 2, VD 3, VD 4, VD 5, VD 6, wherein, the first to the 6th diode VD 1~ VD 6anode corresponding respectively with the first to the 6th VT i_L, the source electrode of i=1.2.3.4.5.6 power field effect transistor connects, the first to the 6th diode VD 1~ VD 6negative electrode corresponding respectively with the 7th to the 12 power field effect transistor VT i_R, the source electrode of i=1.2.3.4.5.6 connects.
First to the 12 power tube VT i_L, i=1.2.3.4.5.6, VT i_R, i=1.2.3.4.5.6 is power field effect transistor or pliotron GTR or insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT or power field effect transistor MOSFET, or intelligent power module.Direct-flow input end positive pole series connection the 7th diode VD 7.Wherein, the first to the 7th diode VD 1~ VD 7for fast recovery diode.
As shown in Figure 1, H_pwm-L_on that PWM way selection is conventional, the analytical method of other modulation system similarly.When adopting conventional brushless DC motor driven systems, when motor is in rated speed and the above operating state of rated speed, need to carry out weak magnetics detect to brshless DC motor.The advanced angle of flow is 60 ° of electrical degrees, namely at 0 ° ~ 60 ° corresponding VT 1, VT 2conducting, at 60 ° ~ 120 ° corresponding VT 2, VT 3conducting, at 120 ° ~ 180 ° corresponding VT 3, VT 4conducting, at 180 ° ~ 240 ° corresponding VT 4, VT 5conducting, at 240 ° ~ 300 ° corresponding VT 5, VT 6conducting, at 300 ° ~ 360 ° corresponding VT 6, VT 1conducting.
As shown in Figure 3, adopt BLDCM Drive System of the present invention when carrying out weak magnetics detect, getting interval 0 ° ~ 60 ° is example, makes VT 1_L, VT 1_R, VT 2_L, VT 2_Rconducting, that is brachium pontis conducting under brachium pontis, C phase in 0 ° ~ 60 ° interval A phases.
Now VT 2_Llower end electromotive force is e c, VD 6the electromotive force of lower end is also e c, due to now e c-△ U > e bif the lower bridge of B phase does not have VT 6_R, then its state is identical with legacy drive inverter circuit, can pass through fly-wheel diode VD 6produce complete loops, cause the formation of circulation.Add VT 6_Rafterwards, itself and corresponding VT is made 6_Lconducting simultaneously or shutoff, be now in off state.Due to VT 6_Ron-off action, although there is Electromotive Difference Of Potential e in B phase, C phase in loop c-e b, but conducting does not form loop, therefore eliminate circuit circulation, reduce afterflow loss.Cause and oppositely hinder torque to be zero, prevent the torque caused due to circulation sharply to decline, realize weak magnetic speed-up.
Interval 60 ° ~ 120 °, 120 ° ~ 180 °, 180 ° ~ 240 °, 240 ° ~ 300 °, 300 ° ~ 360 ° identical with interval 0 ° ~ 60 ° control principles when PWM, and equivalent electric circuit when difference is only turn-on and turn-off is different with continuous current circuit, and analytical method is identical, illustrate for 0 ° ~ 60 ° intervals at this, other interval is similar.
When motor is in the following operating state of rated speed, converter bridge switching parts device in the interval of 120 ° of electrical degrees of conducting, VT i_LpWM is carried out, VT a PWM cycle i_Rkeep Heng Tong state a PWM cycle, now circuit topological structure is almost identical with traditional inverter circuit.Get A, B phase to analyze mutually for work, PWM mode is H_pwm-L_on.
As shown in Figure 4, during PWM conducting, VT 1_Land VT 6_Lreception control signal is in conducting state, VT 1_Rand VT 6_Rkeep Heng Tong state; As shown in Figure 5, when PWM turns off, VT 1_Lreception control signal is in off-state, VT 6_Lkeep Heng Tong state.
When motor is in rated speed and the above operating state of rated speed, converter bridge switching parts device in the interval of 120 ° of electrical degrees of conducting, VT i_L, VT i_Rcarry out PWM a PWM cycle, its turn-on and turn-off of Synchronization Control, now will carry out weak magnetics detect to brshless DC motor.Get A, B phase to analyze mutually for work, PWM mode is H_pwm-L_on, for the advanced angle of flow 60 ° of electrical degrees.
Compared with traditional inverter circuit, the drive system inverter circuit that the present invention proposes effectively can eliminate afterflow loss and circuit circulation.This is Synchronization Control VT i_L, VT i_Rthe result of turn-on and turn-off.When A, B phase is work phase time, in the interval of 120 ° of electrical degrees of conducting, control circuit is only to switching device VT 1_L, VT 1_R, VT 6_L, VT 6_Rmodulate, during PWM conducting, if the lower bridge of A phase does not have VT 4_R, then its circuit is identical with traditional inverter circuit, can pass through fly-wheel diode VD 4produce complete loops, cause the formation of afterflow; As shown in Figure 6, VT is added 4_Rafter, make itself and corresponding VT 4_Lturn off or conducting simultaneously, be now in off state, due to VT 4_Ron-off action, effectively eliminate the power loss that the generation of afterflow and afterflow bring.
By reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned execution mode, in the ken that those of ordinary skill in the art possess, under the prerequisite of present inventive concept can not also be departed from, makes various change.

Claims (4)

1. one kind is applied to the drive system of brshless DC motor, comprise and be connected to first between direct-flow input end and ground to the 6th power tube with three-phase bridge type inverse driving circuit structure, it is characterized in that: the power tube that parallel connection one also corresponding respectively on the described first to the 6th switching tube is identical, be namely respectively the 7th to the 12 power tube; The drain electrode of the power tube in parallel with it respectively of the drain electrode correspondence of the wherein said first to the 6th power tube is connected; The grid of the described first to the 6th power tube, and external control source of connection respectively that the grid of the 7th to the 12 power tube is corresponding;
Following control, according to the rotating speed of brshless DC motor, is carried out for described power tube in the source that wherein controls:
When brshless DC motor is in the following operating state of rated speed, this inverter bridge power tube is in the interval of 120 ° of electrical degrees of conducting, described first to the 6th power tube carries out PWM a PWM switch periods, described 7th to the 12 power tube keeps Heng Tong state a PWM switch periods, and according to its modulation system periodic duty; What the described first to the 6th power tube was gone back correspondence is provided with the first to the 6th diode, wherein, corresponding being connected with the source electrode of the described first to the 6th power tube respectively of anode of the described first to the 6th diode, corresponding being connected with the source electrode of the 7th to the 12 power tube respectively of negative electrode of the described first to the 6th diode;
When brshless DC motor is in rated speed and the above operating state of rated speed, this inverter bridge power tube is in the interval of 120 ° of electrical degrees of conducting, described first to the 6th power tube, the 7th to the 12 power tube carry out PWM a PWM switch periods respectively, its turn-on and turn-off of Synchronization Control, and according to its modulation system periodic duty, eliminate the circuit circulation of described three-phase bridge type inverse driving circuit structure.
2. the drive system being applied to brshless DC motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described first to the 12 power tube is pliotron GTR, or insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT, or power field effect transistor MOSFET, or intelligent power module.
3. the drive system being applied to brshless DC motor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described direct-flow input end positive pole series connection the 7th diode.
4. the drive system being applied to brshless DC motor according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the described first to the 7th diode is fast recovery diode or high-frequency diode.
CN201310015445.2A 2013-01-16 2013-01-16 A kind of drive system being applied to brshless DC motor Expired - Fee Related CN103095193B (en)

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CN104218792B (en) * 2014-09-19 2016-04-27 国网电力科学研究院武汉南瑞有限责任公司 A kind of three-phase unicoil permanent magnetic actuator drive circuit based on two IPM and method of work thereof
CN105978417A (en) * 2015-11-23 2016-09-28 江苏科技大学 Commutation process controlling device and method of permanent magnet brushless direct current motor through ship electric propulsion
CN105391354A (en) * 2015-11-23 2016-03-09 江苏科技大学 Marine large-power brushless direct current motor commutation process control device and control method
CN110445352B (en) * 2018-11-26 2020-08-21 江西滨凌科技有限公司 Method and device for reducing power consumption of frequency converter of integrated scroll compressor

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