CN203071614U - Active equalization circuit of power lithium ion battery module - Google Patents
Active equalization circuit of power lithium ion battery module Download PDFInfo
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- CN203071614U CN203071614U CN 201320028336 CN201320028336U CN203071614U CN 203071614 U CN203071614 U CN 203071614U CN 201320028336 CN201320028336 CN 201320028336 CN 201320028336 U CN201320028336 U CN 201320028336U CN 203071614 U CN203071614 U CN 203071614U
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- ion battery
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Abstract
The utility model provides an active equalization circuit of a power lithium ion battery module and belongs to the electric automobile battery management technology field. The equalization circuit comprises a lithium ion battery pack, a charging and discharging switch group unit, a charging and discharging bus unit, an energy transfer circuit and an equalization controller. The charging and discharging switch group unit makes the battery pack connect to the charging and discharging bus unit. Two sides of the energy transfer circuit are also connected to the charging and discharging bus unit. The equalization controller is connected with the battery pack, the switch group unit and the energy transfer circuit, monitors a voltage of a lithium ion monomer battery in real time, makes the switch group unit gate the lithium ion monomer battery which needs to be charged and discharged, and makes energy transfer circuit realize the charging and discharging of the selected lithium ion monomer battery. By using the circuit of the utility model, a disadvantage of the current power lithium ion battery module is overcome. The circuit possesses the advantages that the control is simple; the equalization current is large; equalization efficiency is high and cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to batteries of electric automobile administrative skill field, relates to a kind of power lithium-ion battery module charge and discharge balancing circuit.
Background technology
The used for electric vehicle power battery module is in series by the monomer lithium ion battery, because there is inconsistency in monomer lithium ion battery performance, it is inconsistent monomer voltage to occur when discharging and recharging, thereby influences and restricting the charging and discharging capabilities of entire cell module.As long as there is a cell to reach the charging/discharging voltage limit at work, the entire cell module will stop to discharge and recharge, otherwise cell can overcharge or mistake is put, and has a strong impact on its life-span.It is the important channel that addresses the above problem that cell is carried out equilibrium, and this method can be brought into play battery performance better, prolongs its useful life.
Existing equalizing circuit is divided into two kinds: a kind of is passive equalizing circuit, is also referred to as energy consumption type equalizing circuit, adopts the mode in cell two ends parallel resistance usually, converts electric energy to heat energy by resistance, reaches the balance of voltage.Both consume the energy of battery module, brought difficulty to battery thermal management again, and inefficiency.Another kind is the active equalizing circuit, also is non-energy consumption equalizing circuit, can be divided into the electric capacity equalizing circuit by the energy conversion component type, inductance equalizing circuit, transformer equalizing circuit, four kinds of bi-directional DC-DC equalizing circuits etc.Electric current is wayward in the electric capacity equalizing circuit, and the switching tube dividing potential drop also causes portfolio effect not obvious; The inductance equalizing circuit can only carry out equilibrium between adjacent cell, its complex structure, and balancing speed is restricted; The transformer equalizing circuit has magnetic saturation and baroque problem; Also there is the defective on various designs and the efficient in existing bi-directional DC-DC equalizing circuit.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of electric powered motor lithium ionic cell module and discharges and recharges non-energy-dissipating type equalizing circuit, to overcome existing equalizing circuit above shortcomings.To achieve these goals, the technical solution of the utility model is as follows:
A kind of active equalizing circuit of power lithium-ion battery module comprises lithium ion battery group, charge and discharge switch group unit, discharges and recharges bus unit, energy carry circuit and balance controller; Described lithium ion battery group comprises more than one lithium ion single battery, is connected to described discharging and recharging on the bus unit by described charge and discharge switch group unit; Described energy carry circuit both sides link to each other with the described bus unit that discharges and recharges respectively; Described balance controller links to each other with described energy buanch unit, described switches set unit and described lithium ion battery group respectively, to control the required lithium ion single battery that discharges and recharges of described switches set one-cell switching in described energy carry circuit and to discharge and recharge.
Described charge and discharge switch group unit comprises charging gating switch group and the discharge gating switch group that number of switches is equal to lithium ion single number of battery cells in the described lithium ion battery group, and the switch in described charging gating switch group and the described discharge gating switch group all connects one to one with described lithium ion single battery.
The described bus unit that discharges and recharges comprises charging bus and discharge bus; Described energy carry circuit comprises capacitor C, diode D1 and D2, inductance L 1 and L2 and control switch SW1, SW2, SW3 and SW4; Described capacitor C is in parallel with described inductance L 1 after by described diode D1, and the positive pole of described diode D1 links to each other with described capacitor C; The end of described control switch SW1 and SW2 links to each other with the two ends of described inductance L 1 respectively, and the other end links to each other with described discharge bus; The end of described control switch SW3 and SW4 is connected respectively to the two ends of described capacitor C, and the other end is connected respectively to the two ends of described inductance L 2; Described inductance L 2 is connected on the described charging bus after by described diode D2, and the positive pole of described diode D2 links to each other with described inductance L 2.
Described charge and discharge switch group unit, described bus unit, described energy carry circuit and the described balance controller of discharging and recharging are integrated in the IC microprocessor.
Control switch in the described energy carry circuit is by a MOSFET pipe and the diode composition that conducting voltage is 0.2 ~ 0.3V, and described diode is opposite with the polarity of described MOSFET pipe endoparasitism diode.
Described MOSFET pipe adopts high side drive mode to drive.
The gate drivers of described MOSFET pipe is proprietary chip or discrete component circuit.
Described balance controller comprises pulse control module, to control unlatching and the shutoff of described control switch by pulse.
Compared with prior art, the utlity model has following beneficial effect: (1) discharges and recharges energy-storage travelling wave tube by the inductance conduct, as the energy snubber element, effectively overcome the inductance equilibrium in the induct shortcoming of high-tension electricity kinetic potential of switch open and shutdown moment by electric capacity.(2) realize effective isolation of two cells in proper order by the unlatching shutoff of switching tube, contrast DC-DC scheme and the transformer scheme of common transformer isolation, saved complicated transformer, thereby overcome leakage field, the efficiency that magnetic saturation brings, simplify the structure greatly, improved efficient.(3) contrast electric capacity equalization scheme utilizes the self-induction of inductance to come to battery charging and discharging, has overcome the efficiency that the switching tube dividing potential drop caused when electric capacity was balanced.(4) the utility model can only use a cover equalizing circuit, and is simple in structure, allows big current balance, and time for balance is short, and balanced efficient height reduces the cost of equalizing system greatly, is easy to industrialization, and good social application prospect is arranged.
Description of drawings
The overall structure block diagram of active equalizing circuit among Fig. 1 the utility model embodiment;
The balanced phase I among Fig. 2 the utility model embodiment, switching tube SW1, SW2 open, the current direction schematic diagram when SW3, SW4 turn-off;
Balanced second stage among Fig. 3 the utility model embodiment, switching tube SW1, SW2 turn-off, the current direction schematic diagram when SW3, SW4 open;
The balanced phase III among Fig. 4 the utility model embodiment, switching tube SW1, SW2 open, the current direction schematic diagram when SW3, SW4 turn-off.
Embodiment
Further set forth the technical solution of the utility model below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
For the voltage inconsistency with the power lithium-ion battery module is balanced in the acceptable scope, present embodiment has proposed initiatively equalizing circuit of power lithium-ion battery module as shown in Figure 1.This equalizing circuit comprises the lithium ion battery group, discharges and recharges bus unit, charge and discharge switch group unit, balance controller and energy carry circuit.Wherein, the lithium ion battery group comprises the lithium ion single battery C1～Cn of n series connection, and the number n of lithium ion single battery is greater than 1.Charge and discharge switch group unit comprises discharge gating switch group KA and charging gating switch group KB, and each switches set includes n switch.K switch A1～KAn among the discharge gating switch group KA and the lithium ion single battery in the lithium ion battery group connect one to one, and each lithium ion single battery is connected on the discharge bus; K switch B1～KBn among the charging gating switch group KB and the lithium ion single battery in the lithium ion battery group connect one to one equally, and each lithium ion single battery is connected on the charging bus.
The energy carry circuit comprises inductance L 1, L2, diode D1, D2, capacitor C and switching tube SW1, SW2, SW3, SW4.In the discharge side of energy carry circuit, capacitor C is by in parallel with inductance L 1 behind the diode D1, and the positive pole of diode D1 links to each other with capacitor C; The end of switching tube SW1 and SW2 links to each other with the two ends of inductance L 1 respectively, and the other end is connected on the discharge bus; In the charged side of energy carry circuit, the end of switching tube SW3 and SW4 is connected respectively to the two ends of capacitor C, and the other end is connected respectively to the two ends of inductance L 2; Inductance L 2 is connected to after by diode D2 on the charging bus, and the positive pole of diode D2 links to each other with inductance L 2.
In the energy carry circuit, inductance L 1 is as the energy-storage travelling wave tube of discharge battery, and inductance L 2 is as the charge member of rechargeable battery, the energy snubber element when capacitor C is shifted to inductance L 2 by inductance L 1 as energy.Switching tube SW1～SW4 forms by the diodes in reverse series of a MOSFET pipe and a low conduction voltage drop, thereby realizes reliably ending of switch that wherein the conducting voltage of diode is 0.2 ~ 0.3V.Four MOSFET pipes all drive in high side drive mode, can adopt proprietary chip or discrete component circuit as gate drivers.
Balance controller comprises voltage acquisition module, temperature collect module, overcurrent protection module, over-and under-voltage protection module and pulse control module.Balance controller detects and compares the voltage of each lithium ion single battery of lithium ion battery group in real time, when the lithium ion single cell voltage occurs when inconsistent, the lithium ion single battery of control charge and discharge switch group one-cell switching overtension and the lithium ion single battery of brownout, the lithium ion single battery of overtension is linked into the discharge side of energy carry circuit, the lithium ion single battery of brownout is linked into the charged side of energy carry circuit, and produce unlatching and the shutoff that pulse control signal is controlled four switching tube SW1～SW4 according to specific time sequence, to realize that high-tension battery charges to A-battery.Balance controller can control impuls generation, stop, frequency modulation(FM) (PFM) and pulse-width modulation (PWM), and come unlatching and the shutoff of control switch pipe SW1 ~ SW4 by the control of paired pulses.
Balance controller is selected the highest cell CELL_H of terminal voltage by switches set KA and is connected on the discharge bus as discharge battery in the present embodiment, after selecting the minimum cell CELL_L of terminal voltage and be connected on the charging bus as rechargeable battery by switches set KB, initiatively balancing procedure begins.Whole balancing procedure is divided into three phases.
Balance controller is selected to open switching tube SW1 and SW2, enters the initiatively balanced phase I, as shown in Figure 2.At this moment and since diode D1 oppositely by effect, the components and parts after it are disconnected, electric current can only flow back to the negative pole of discharge battery CELL_H by inductance L 1 by the positive pole of discharge battery CELL_H, what the arrow among Fig. 2 was represented namely is the flow direction of electric current.The electric current of the inductance L of flowing through 1 is along with linear increase of the time of switching tube SW1, SW2 conducting, and maximum current depends on the time of switching tube SW1, SW2 conducting.
When the electric current of inductance L 1 meets the requirements of current value, balance controller control on-off switching tube SW1 and SW2, the current value of above-mentioned requirements is empirical value.Cause the battery module internal short-circuit at this moment owing to the physical condition restriction, and in order to avoid discharge battery CELL_H and rechargeable battery CELL_L are straight-through, have an of short duration Dead Time, delayed start-up switching tube SW3 and SW4.Just have of short duration buffer stage between phase I and the second stage, this moment, switching tube SW1～SW4 all closed.Electric current flows to capacitor C by inductance L 1, because electric capacity allows current break, so this process is a smooth-going process, the voltage of inductance can not suddenly change.
Through after the certain time-delay, switching tube SW3 and SW4 are opened in balance controller control, thereby enter balanced second stage, as shown in Figure 3.This moment, electric current continued to flow to capacitor C on the one hand, flowed to inductance L 2 on the other hand, and what arrow was represented among Fig. 3 is the flow direction of electric current this moment.Because be one-way circuit between inductance L 1 and the capacitor C, electric current can not be got back to inductance L 1 by capacitor C; Inductance L 2 and capacitor C constitute oscillating circuit, and electric weight can be transferred to inductance L 2 by capacitor C fully, and just electric weight can be transferred to inductance L 2 by inductance L 1 fully at certain hour, at this moment on-off switching tube SW3, SW4.
After charged side switching tube SW3 and SW4 were turn-offed in balance controller control, time-delay a period of time was opened switching tube SW1 and SW2 again.Same, cause the battery module internal short-circuit in order to avoid discharge battery CELL_H and rechargeable battery CELL_L are straight-through, after above-mentioned on-off switching tube SW3 and the SW4, have an of short duration Dead Time, delayed start-up switching tube SW1, SW2.Balanced second stage and have of short duration buffer stage between the balanced phase III just, this stage electric current flows to rechargeable battery CELL_L by inductance L 2, because inductance L 2 is present in the loop, this buffer stage also is a smooth-going process.
After discharge side switching tube SW1 and SW2 open, enter the balanced phase III, as shown in Figure 4.This moment, the discharge side of equalizing circuit entered next balanced cycle, also namely balanced phase I.The charged side of equalizing circuit enters the phase III, and namely inductance L 2 forces to give rechargeable battery CELL_L charging, and because the unidirectional conducting effect of diode D2, this process is irreversible, what arrow was represented among Fig. 4 is sense of current this moment.
After finishing a charge and discharge balancing process by said process, if the consistency of battery is still undesirable, will ceaselessly repeat second stage and phase III, also be second stage and phase III to constitute a complete balanced cycle.In summary, after first cycle that begins equilibrium, discharge and recharge simultaneously and carry out, compare with existing a lot of DC-DC active equalization schemes, the technical solution of the utility model has been saved the time of half nearly.
In the above-mentioned balancing procedure, balance controller is controlled the unlatching of two groups of switching tubes and shutoff to be had sequentially and carries out, and has realized effective partition of discharge battery and rechargeable battery.Two groups of switching tubes have enough Dead Times when order is opened, can not be in the state of conducting simultaneously, have avoided the direct-connected of two cells.Capacitor C is as the energy snubber element, and in the moment of charged side switching tube SW1 and SW2 shutoff, the sudden change of inductive current has been avoided in the loop that formation inductance L 1 electric current is flowed through, and does not have the voltage jump phenomenon, has overcome the weakness of inductance type equilibrium.
The utility model can only use a cover equalizing circuit, by balance controller the switch in two switches set is carried out gating control, can realize having the active equilibrium of the battery module of n cell.Simultaneously from balancing procedure as can be seen, the utility model has been realized pulse controlled carrying out synchronously of discharging and recharging effectively, has improved balanced efficient greatly.It is simple that power lithium-ion battery module active equalizing circuit of the present utility model and equalization methods thereof have control, euqalizing current is big, balanced efficient height, the characteristics that cost is low, can realize the equilibrium between any two cells in the battery module, under the prerequisite that guarantees efficient equilibrium between battery, greatly reduce the cost of equalizing system.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is can understand and use the utility model for ease of those skilled in the art.The person skilled in the art obviously can easily make various modifications to these embodiment, and needn't pass through performing creative labour being applied in the General Principle of this explanation among other embodiment.Therefore, the utility model is not limited to above-described embodiment, and those skilled in the art are according to announcement of the present utility model, and not breaking away from the improvement that the utility model category makes and revise all should be within protection range of the present utility model.
Claims (8)
1. the active equalizing circuit of a power lithium-ion battery module is characterized in that: comprise lithium ion battery group, charge and discharge switch group unit, discharge and recharge bus unit, energy carry circuit and balance controller;
Described lithium ion battery group comprises more than one lithium ion single battery, is connected to described discharging and recharging on the bus unit by described charge and discharge switch group unit; Described energy carry circuit both sides link to each other with the described bus unit that discharges and recharges respectively;
Described balance controller links to each other with described energy buanch unit, described switches set unit and described lithium ion battery group respectively, to control the required lithium ion single battery that discharges and recharges of described charge and discharge switch group one-cell switching in described energy carry circuit and to discharge and recharge.
2. the active equalizing circuit of power lithium-ion battery module according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described charge and discharge switch group unit comprises charging gating switch group and the discharge gating switch group that number of switches is equal to lithium ion single number of battery cells in the described lithium ion battery group, and the switch in described charging gating switch group and the described discharge gating switch group all connects one to one with described lithium ion single battery.
3. the active equalizing circuit of power lithium-ion battery module according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described bus unit that discharges and recharges comprises charging bus and discharge bus; Described energy carry circuit comprises capacitor C, diode D1 and D2, inductance L 1 and L2 and control switch SW1, SW2, SW3 and SW4;
Described capacitor C is in parallel with described inductance L 1 after by described diode D1, and the positive pole of described diode D1 links to each other with described capacitor C; The end of described control switch SW1 and SW2 links to each other with the two ends of described inductance L 1 respectively, and the other end links to each other with described discharge bus;
The end of described control switch SW3 and SW4 is connected respectively to the two ends of described capacitor C, and the other end is connected respectively to the two ends of described inductance L 2; Described inductance L 2 is connected on the described charging bus after by described diode D2, and the positive pole of described diode D2 links to each other with described inductance L 2.
4. the active equalizing circuit of power lithium-ion battery module according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described charge and discharge switch group unit, described bus unit, described energy carry circuit and the described balance controller of discharging and recharging are integrated in the IC microprocessor.
5. the active equalizing circuit of power lithium-ion battery module according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the control switch in the described energy carry circuit is by a MOSFET pipe and the diode composition that conducting voltage is 0.2 ~ 0.3V, and described diode is opposite with the polarity of described MOSFET pipe endoparasitism diode.
6. the active equalizing circuit of power lithium-ion battery module according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described MOSFET pipe adopts high side drive mode to drive.
7. the active equalizing circuit of power lithium-ion battery module according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the gate drivers of described MOSFET pipe is proprietary chip or discrete component circuit.
8. the active equalizing circuit of power lithium-ion battery module according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described balance controller comprises pulse control module, to control unlatching and the shutoff of described control switch by pulse.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201320028336 CN203071614U (en) | 2013-01-18 | 2013-01-18 | Active equalization circuit of power lithium ion battery module |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201320028336 CN203071614U (en) | 2013-01-18 | 2013-01-18 | Active equalization circuit of power lithium ion battery module |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103066665A (en) * | 2013-01-18 | 2013-04-24 | 同济大学 | Active balancing circuit of power Li-ion battery module and balancing method thereof |
| CN104578322A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-04-29 | 天津工业大学 | Battery pack energy balance structure and implementation method thereof |
| CN108110832A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-01 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | A kind of battery core control circuit, battery and control method |
| CN110915095A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2020-03-24 | 奥克斯能源有限公司 | Battery pack management |
-
2013
- 2013-01-18 CN CN 201320028336 patent/CN203071614U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103066665A (en) * | 2013-01-18 | 2013-04-24 | 同济大学 | Active balancing circuit of power Li-ion battery module and balancing method thereof |
| CN104578322A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-04-29 | 天津工业大学 | Battery pack energy balance structure and implementation method thereof |
| CN110915095A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2020-03-24 | 奥克斯能源有限公司 | Battery pack management |
| CN108110832A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-01 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | A kind of battery core control circuit, battery and control method |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130717 Termination date: 20210118 |