CN202984880U - Post-welding seam tracking and residual stress relieving system - Google Patents

Post-welding seam tracking and residual stress relieving system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN202984880U
CN202984880U CN2012205390096U CN201220539009U CN202984880U CN 202984880 U CN202984880 U CN 202984880U CN 2012205390096 U CN2012205390096 U CN 2012205390096U CN 201220539009 U CN201220539009 U CN 201220539009U CN 202984880 U CN202984880 U CN 202984880U
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welding
stress
distance measuring
post
mobile robot
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华亮
顾菊平
丁立军
张华�
周磊
吴晓
张新松
俞钶安
赵振东
张齐
刘雨晴
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Nantong University
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a post-welding seam tracking and residual stress relieving system. The post-welding seam tracking and residual stress relieving system comprises a movable type welding device which welds a welded joint, a welding stress relief mobile robot which relieves the welding stress and a synchronous motor which is fixedly arranged outside the welded joint and uses the axis of a spindle of the synchronous motor as the reference point. Two reflection-type distance measuring sensors are fixed on a motor shaft and rotate with the motor shaft in a coaxial mode. Certain distance is reserved between the two distance measuring sensors. Reflector plates are posted on a welding initial point, a welding nozzle of the movable type welding device and a working tail end of the welding stress relief mobile robot. The post-welding seam tracking and residual stress relieving system is simple in structure, high in automated degree and high in post-welding seam tracking accuracy, and the post-welding seam tracking cannot be affected by welding slag and welding defects.

Description

Postwelding weld joint tracking and residual stress are eliminated system
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of welding stress and eliminates automatic control system, belongs to sensing and observation and control technology field.
Background technology
In large-sized structural parts welding, plate sheet welding, different-metal material welding, high temperature alloy welding, and in fields such as high accuracy special equipment welding, welding deformation need be effectively controlled, otherwise can be influential to weldment size and profile, and can reduce the bearing capacity of structure.As in the aluminium alloy shipbuilding industry, sheet material is large because heat input larger in welding process deforms, property of welded joint is relatively poor.When building hull, approximately have 25% workload be to deck of boat shaping and beat flat, to meet the requirements of flatness and curvature, in order to the deck of boat can be fixed together.This has not only affected the efficient that boats and ships are produced, and greatly reduces the quality of ship.Even also there is the welding deformation problem in the laser weld that the heat input is little, distortion is little.Welding stress is the main cause of welding deformation.Eliminate welding stress, the method for controlling welding deformation is a lot, and several after welding treatment methods comparatively commonly used have that ultrasonic impact, weld toe ground, shot-peening, hammering, TIG are molten repaiies, uses low transformation temperature welding rod method etc. in engineering at present.With weldering or postwelding impact, hammering, to roll be a kind of effective way that reduces welding stress, prevents welding deformation.Wherein the ultrasonic impact technology is a kind of harmful residual tension of effective elimination parts surface or weld metal zone of novelty, the method for the useful compression of introduction, compares its advantages of other method.The powerful energy of ultrasonic impact equipment utilization promote impact head with per second approximately the frequency of 20,000 times impact metal object surface, high frequency, efficient and focus on lower macro-energy and make the larger compressive plastic deformation of metal surface generation; Ultrasonic impact has changed original stress field simultaneously, produces useful compression; Under high energy impact events the very fast rising of metallic surface temperature is cooling rapidly again, and top layer, active region metal structure is changed, and impact site is strengthened.
Though developed both at home and abroad the travelling car carrying with weldering/post-weld stress abatement apparatus, do not possess the long weld seam of postwelding, bending weld seam automatic tracking function.Make with weldering/post-weld stress abatement apparatus and can automatically implement operation, need possess the postwelding welding line tracking function.Advanced postwelding weld joint tracking all uses in weldquality detects, the method of using adopts the mode of machine vision more, see document (Lu Changfu. based on postwelding detection technique research [D] the .[master thesis of laser-vision sensing]. Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology, college of materials science and engineering, 2007.7.; Jean-Paul Boillot, Koichi Uota, Etienne Berthiaume, et al.Tracking and inspection for laser welding[J] .Proceeding of SPIE, 2002 (4): 165-170.), due to postwelding groove characteristic disappear, weld defect, residual solder flux welding slag with splash etc. and all directly to have influence on vision-based detection.Explore a kind of precision high, be not subjected to weld joint tracking mode after full automatic welding that the postwelding operating mode affects, and be applied to will have very strong practical value in post-weld stress elimination system.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of real time record welding tip motion track, and the constant scanning locate mode postwelding weld joint tracking that the stress cancel job is effective and residual stress are eliminated system.
Technical solution of the present utility model is:
A kind of postwelding weld joint tracking and residual stress are eliminated system, it is characterized in that: the welding stress of comprise Mobile welding equipment that butt welded seam welds, eliminating welding stress is eliminated the mobile robot, a synchronous motor fixed placement is outside weld seam, and is as a reference point with the synchronous motor rotating shaft core; Two reflective distance measuring sensors are fixed on motor shaft, with motor coaxle rotation, the segment distance of being separated by between two sensors; Eliminate mobile robot's operation end at welding tip place, the welding stress of welding initial point, Mobile welding equipment and all post reflector plate, coordinate range finding with above-mentioned distance measuring sensor, one of them distance measuring sensor detects respectively the distance between reference point and welding initial point, reference point and welding tip, and another distance measuring sensor detects respectively the distance between reference point and welding initial point, reference point and welding stress elimination mobile robot operation end; Above-mentioned two reflective distance measuring sensors are connected with the control system of the work of rectifying a deviation.
In welding, two reflector plates in up and down are set on initial point, and the segment distance of being separated by between two reflector plates; A reflector plate center on the reflector plate center at welding tip place, welding initial point and a distance measuring sensor are on same level; Welding stress is eliminated reflector plate center, another reflector plate center on the welding initial point and another distance measuring sensor of mobile robot's operation end on same level.
The distance measuring sensor setting height(from bottom) adopts modulating frequency to avoid the interference of arc light and plasma resonance higher than welding tip.
Eliminate at welding stress the pose detecting sensor is installed on the mobile robot, obtain arbitrary moment robot with respect to the pose of reference point, rectify a deviation by control system.
Welding stress is eliminated the mobile robot and is adopted wheeled mobile robot as body, by the differential robot location's coarse positioning of realizing of two-wheeled, adopts crosshead shoe as stress cancel job end Locating driver mechanism, realizes the precision positioning of stress cancel job end.
The utility model is simple in structure, automaticity is high, postwelding weld joint tracking precision is high, is not subjected to welding slag or weld defect on the impact of postwelding weld joint tracking.The design object unit of there is no that the Department of Automation of the making a general survey of domestic existing welding field equipment of unifying, the utility model are carried realizes.
The utility model with the constant speed rotary motor as the reference position, the method real time record welding tip motion track that adopts range measurement and angular surveying (segmentation of high-frequency impulse linear interpolation is adopted in angular surveying) to combine, and control welding stress and eliminate the adjustment of mobile robot's pose, implement the stress cancel job along the welding tip track.
Description of drawings
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is that constant scanning locate mode postwelding weld joint tracking of the present utility model and residual stress are eliminated system construction drawing.
Fig. 2 is in of the present utility model kind of constant scanning locate mode postwelding weld joint tracking and residual stress elimination system, and welding stress is eliminated the Mobile Robot Control System structure chart.
Fig. 3 is in constant scanning locate mode postwelding weld joint tracking of the present utility model and residual stress elimination system, postwelding seam tracking system measuring principle top view sketch.
Fig. 4 is in constant scanning locate mode postwelding weld joint tracking of the present utility model and residual stress elimination system, postwelding seam tracking system measuring principle sequential chart.
The specific embodiment
A kind of postwelding weld joint tracking and residual stress are eliminated system, the welding stress of comprise Mobile welding equipment 1 that butt welded seam welds, eliminating welding stress is eliminated mobile robot 2, synchronous motor 3 fixed placement are outside weld seam, and are as a reference point with the synchronous motor rotating shaft core; Two reflective distance measuring sensors 4,5 are fixed on motor shaft, with motor coaxle rotation, the segment distance of being separated by between two sensors; Eliminating mobile robot's operation end at welding tip place, the welding stress of welding initial point, Mobile welding equipment, to post respectively reflector plate 6(be reflector plate C), 7(is reflector plate D), 8(is reflector plate A), 9(is reflector plate B), coordinate range finding with above-mentioned distance measuring sensor, one of them distance measuring sensor detects respectively the distance between reference point and welding initial point, reference point and welding tip, and another distance measuring sensor detects respectively the distance between reference point and welding initial point, reference point and welding stress elimination mobile robot operation end; In system's running, motor is constant speed rotary ceaselessly, and distance measuring sensor constantly detects the distance of welding tip and reference point, and take reference point as the center of circle, reference point, welding initial point, the formed angle of welding transfer point, thus welding tip obtained with respect to the motion track of reference point; Distance measuring sensor detects the distance that welding stress is eliminated mobile robot's operation end and reference point in real time simultaneously, and take reference point as the center of circle, reference point, welding starting point, stress are eliminated the formed angle of transfer point, thereby obtain welding stress and eliminate mobile robot's operation end with respect to the motion track of reference point, above-mentioned two tracks are compared, can obtain welding stress elimination mobile robot operation end and depart from distance and the direction of welding line, and rectify a deviation by control system.Welding stress is eliminated the mobile robot and is adopted wheeled mobile robot as body, by the differential robot location's coarse positioning of realizing of two-wheeled, adopts crosshead shoe as stress cancel job end Locating driver mechanism, realizes the precision positioning of stress cancel job end.
Specific as follows: take two dimensional surface bending or straight weld as example, as shown in Figure 1.Synchronous motor is wherein arranged, distance measuring sensor F, distance measuring sensor E, reflector plate A, B, C, D, Mobile welding equipment (containing welding tip), stress eliminate the mobile robot (contain electronic compass, stress abatement apparatus operation end can adopt electromagnetic hammer or ultrasonic impact first-class).Distance measuring sensor E, F are fixed on motor shaft, with motor coaxle rotation, the segment distance of being separated by between E, F.E, F and corresponding reflector plate are avoided the phase mutual interference by being arranged on differing heights, and adopt laser or the infrared light of different modulating frequency to avoid interference.Weld seam is planar-two-dimensional weld seam mixing, and the black interstitial wire is welding line, and all the other are welding line not.A mark post is holded up at welding starting point place, and reflector plate C, D are fixed on mark post, the segment distance of being separated by between C, D.The center of reflector plate A, C and distance measuring sensor F when distance measuring sensor F and reflector plate A, C are just relative, can measure the distance of FA, FC on a horizontal plane.The center of reflector plate B, D and distance measuring sensor E when distance measuring sensor E and reflector plate B, D are just relative, can measure the distance of EB, ED on a horizontal plane.For avoiding the interference such as arc light in laser beam welding, the distance measuring sensor setting height(from bottom) is higher than welding tip, and employing specific modulation frequency is avoided the interference of arc light and plasma resonance.
For the purpose of easy analysis, draw the measuring principle diagrammatic top view as shown in 3.If synchronous motor drives distance measuring sensor E, F and turns clockwise, transfer point A moves in the counterclockwise direction.Transfer point A initial position is A0, and welding equipment is along in the weld movement process, the continuous high-speed rotating scanning of distance measuring sensor.
Can obtain the distance L 0 that A0 point and F are ordered.If when the light that F sends process C point and A0 point, can export two high level pulses by interface circuit and see Fig. 4.If when initial, welding tip is still in A0 place, position, starting phase angle ∠ CFA 0Be designated as α 0Start the high-frequency impulse counting during light process A, stop counting when arriving C.If motor speed is constant, and rotate that to fill high-frequency impulse in a circle be N.And the high-frequency impulse that can record angle representative between A0 and C by controller is counted N0, can calculate:
Figure BDA00002280624000061
The L that in like manner can survey 1, ∠ CFA 1, L 2, ∠ CFA 2....Therefore under can real time record, welding tip be with respect to variable in distance track (L1, L2, L3......) and angle variation track (the ∠ CFA of reference position 0, ∠ CFA 1, ∠ CFA 2...), obtain the track (prerequisite is to be defaulted as welding tip to have higher weld joint tracking precision) at weld seam center by match.
Adopt said method, adopt sensor E to coordinate with reflector plate B, D, detect in real time the position of stress abatement apparatus operation end, can obtain stress abatement apparatus operation end with respect to variable in distance track and the angle variation track of reference position.The track of stress abatement apparatus operation end orbit and welding tip is compared, can obtain the angle and distance (taking the reference position as benchmark) that stress abatement apparatus operation end departs from the weld seam center.Eliminate on the mobile robot at stress simultaneously electronic compass is installed, can obtain robot with respect to the pose of reference position, this moment can be by the motion control to robot, reduce the deviation of robot current location and match track, make stress abatement apparatus operation end aim at all the time weld seam and (when adopting the hammering mode, by the electromagnetic hammer tup, postwelding still is in the toe of weld of the condition of high temperature and the hammer force that the weld metal zone metal applies certain frequency.When adopting ultrasonic impact, realize that by the ultrasonic impact head toe of weld or full welding bead cover type impact.Therefore the motion track of stress abatement apparatus operation end, actually along the weld seam centrode, or the toe of weld track, depending on concrete process of eliminating stress.）
Constant scanning locate mode postwelding weld joint tracking of the present utility model and residual stress are eliminated system, and under the laser weld operating mode, E, F can adopt the less infrared distance sensor of range.Because during Laser Welding, the cooling velocity of weld metal is faster than normal welding, can reach 106 ℃/s, welding gun and stress abatement apparatus distance can be nearer, can implement the processing such as hammering, impact after the short time later in welding.Under other welding manners, E, F can adopt and can adopt laser sensor, follow the tracks of on a large scale to realize long weld seam.

Claims (2)

1. a postwelding weld joint tracking and residual stress are eliminated system, it is characterized in that: the welding stress of comprise Mobile welding equipment that butt welded seam welds, eliminating welding stress is eliminated the mobile robot, a synchronous motor fixed placement is outside weld seam, and is as a reference point with the synchronous motor rotating shaft core; Two reflective distance measuring sensors are fixed on motor shaft, with motor coaxle rotation, the segment distance of being separated by between two sensors; Eliminate mobile robot's operation end at welding tip place, the welding stress of welding initial point, Mobile welding equipment and all post reflector plate, coordinate range finding with above-mentioned distance measuring sensor, one of them distance measuring sensor detects respectively the distance between reference point and welding initial point, reference point and welding tip, and another distance measuring sensor detects respectively the distance between reference point and welding initial point, reference point and welding stress elimination mobile robot operation end; Above-mentioned two reflective distance measuring sensors are connected with the control system of the work of rectifying a deviation.
2. postwelding weld joint tracking according to claim 1 and residual stress are eliminated system, it is characterized in that: two reflector plates in up and down are set on the welding initial point, and the segment distance of being separated by between two reflector plates; A reflector plate center on the reflector plate center at welding tip place, welding initial point and a distance measuring sensor are on same level; Welding stress is eliminated reflector plate center, another reflector plate center on the welding initial point and another distance measuring sensor of mobile robot's operation end on same level.
CN2012205390096U 2012-10-19 2012-10-19 Post-welding seam tracking and residual stress relieving system Expired - Fee Related CN202984880U (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104384734A (en) * 2014-11-20 2015-03-04 南通大学 Full-automatic postwelding seam tracking and ultrasonic peening system
CN106191420A (en) * 2016-08-09 2016-12-07 南通大学 Postwelding impact manipulator trajectory tracking TT&C system
CN112453108A (en) * 2020-11-24 2021-03-09 浙江工业大学 Device for optimizing linear welding seam ultrasonic magnetic field impact rolling of plate

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104384734A (en) * 2014-11-20 2015-03-04 南通大学 Full-automatic postwelding seam tracking and ultrasonic peening system
CN106191420A (en) * 2016-08-09 2016-12-07 南通大学 Postwelding impact manipulator trajectory tracking TT&C system
CN107805698A (en) * 2016-08-09 2018-03-16 南通大学 A kind of postwelding impacts manipulator trajectory tracking TT＆C system
CN112453108A (en) * 2020-11-24 2021-03-09 浙江工业大学 Device for optimizing linear welding seam ultrasonic magnetic field impact rolling of plate

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