CN202888916U

CN202888916U - Multifunctional charging device capable of automatically identifying voltage

Info

Publication number: CN202888916U
Application number: CN 201220635673
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高旭国
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-11-17
Filing date: 2012-11-17
Publication date: 2013-04-17
Anticipated expiration: 2022-11-17

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multifunctional charging device capable of automatically identifying voltage. The multifunctional charging device comprises a shell, a display window, keys, a switch, a circuit board, a power cord and a charging terminal, and is characterized in that the display window is arranged on the upper part of a front plate surface of the shell and can display the battery voltage, charging current, current electric quantity, charging time and battery repair information; and a function conversion key, a repair key, a current increasing key, a current reducing key and the switch are arranged on the right part of the front plate surface of the shell. The intelligent charging device takes a singlechip as a control core, has the functions of automatically identifying polarity and magnitude of the voltage of a storage battery, performing short circuit zero-current protection, charging intelligently and quickly, performing overcharging protection, activating and repairing the storage battery and the like, can be used for automatically charging, cannot cause damages to the battery or the charging device due to misoperation of people, and can be widely used for intelligent charging of a variety of storage batteries.

Description

Automatically identify the multifunction charging device of voltage

Technical field

The utility model is a kind of charging device; especially a kind of voltage swing and the polarity of voltage that can automatically identify storage battery can be realized the protection of short circuit zero current, intelligent quick charge, is full of rear auto-breaking, and subsidiary the reparation and the Multifunctional intelligent charging device of mobilizing function

Background technology

Storage battery has become a kind of energy commonly used, but each storage battery will be equipped with corresponding charger, that is to say that a charger can only to the charge in batteries that mates, limit the scope of application of charger.The kind of employed intelligent charger is a lot of in the market; what have has comprised that power conversion, charging are controlled, protective circuit; can be for various charge in batteries; but can't control in real time charging current by detecting battery capacity; in order to finish charging with the highest efficient, more charging process can not be shown in real time.Although the solution that has charge to reach the problem of electrical energy saving with the power supply the lowest point, perhaps solve the problem of intelligence clearing with the plug-in card method, perhaps solve the problem of quick charge and over-charge protective with Single-chip Controlling, but by retrieval, be used at present most of charging device of charge in batteries, its positive and negative electrode and the voltage scope of application can not be identified automatically, therefore, if connect anyway, negative pole, will cause the damage of charging device; The adaptive transition of its voltage needs artificial conversion, changes the improper damage that can cause equally charging device or storage battery; Employed short-circuit protection mostly uses fuse protected, and changing fuse wastes time and energy; After being full of, storage battery needs the artificial charging device that turn-offs; Without the function of repairing and activate storage battery.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide and can automatically identifies polarity of voltage and the voltage swing of storage battery; and automatically carry out adaptive transition, can realize the protection of short circuit zero current, intelligent quick charge, be full of rear auto-breaking, and subsidiary the reparation and the Multifunctional intelligent charging device of mobilizing function.

For reaching above purpose, the technical scheme that the utility model adopts is: the multifunction charging device of automatically identifying voltage comprises shell (1), display window (7), button, switch (10), circuit board (8), power line (6) and charging terminal (9), it is characterized in that: the top at the front face of shell body is provided with display window (7), can show cell voltage, charging current, current electric quantity, charging interval, battery restoration information; Be provided with at the right part of the front face of shell body and discharge and recharge conversion keys SW1 (2), repair button SW2 (3), electric current increases button SW3 (4), electric current reduces button SW4 (5) and mains switch (10); Described circuit board (8) is provided with the control circuit of the multifunction charging device of automatic identification voltage, this electric routing switch power supply provides direct voltage V0 and direct voltage V1, pin P3.0～the P3.7 of single-chip microprocessor MCU meets respectively pin DI0～DI7 of digital to analog converter DA, pin P1.2～the P1.5 of single-chip microprocessor MCU meets respectively button SW1～SW4, the positive input terminal i+ of amplifier LM358 meets the output O of DA, negative input end i-connects the adjustable side of potentiometer R3, other two ends of potentiometer R3 one termination inductance H, the positive pole of electrochemical capacitor C1, the negative electrode of voltage stabilizing didoe D2, the drain electrode of field effect transistor, resistance R 7, the other end ground connection of connecting with R4; The minus earth of electrochemical capacitor C1; The base stage of triode VT1 connects the output of amplifier LM358 by resistance R 2, grounded emitter, and collector electrode connects the anode of voltage stabilizing didoe D1; The negative electrode of voltage stabilizing didoe D1 connects grid and the resistance R 1 of field effect transistor MOS1, and the source electrode of field effect transistor MOS1 is the other end and the direct voltage V1 of connecting resistance R1 simultaneously; The negative electrode of diode D3 connects the source electrode of inductance H and field effect transistor MOS1, the plus earth of diode D3; Voltage stabilizing didoe D2 and resistance R 7 parallel connections, the positive pole of the drain electrode of the negative electrode of voltage stabilizing didoe D2 and field effect transistor MOS2, inductance H, capacitor C 1 links to each other, and the grid of the anode of voltage stabilizing didoe D2 and field effect transistor MOS2 is connected together; One end of resistance R 8 and the collector electrode of triode VT2 join, and the grid of the other end and field effect transistor MOS2, the anode of voltage stabilizing didoe D2 join; The grounded emitter of triode VT2, the base stage of triode VT2 are connected to 3 pin of optical coupler U1; 4 pin of optical coupler U1 meet direct voltage V0 by

resistance R

6, and 1 pin of optical coupler U1 meets direct voltage V0 by

resistance R

5, and 2 pin of optical coupler U1 meet the pin P0.0 of single-chip microprocessor MCU; The source electrode of resistance R 9 one termination field effect transistor MOS2, the pin ADC0 of other end connecting resistance R10 and single-chip microprocessor MCU, the other end ground connection of resistance R 10; Diode D4 is in parallel with relay coil J1, and diode D4 negative electrode meets direct voltage V0, and anode connects the collector electrode of triode VT3; The contact A of the contact A of relay J 1, the contact A of relay J 2 and relay J 3 links together, the contact B of the contact B of relay J 1, the contact B of relay J 2 and relay J 3 links together, the contact B1 of relay J 1 succeeds the contact A2 of electrical equipment J2, and the contact A1 of relay J 1 and the contact B2 of relay J 2 connect the source electrode of field effect transistor MOS2; The contact A3 of relay J 3 links to each other with consuming components L with contact B3; Peripheral circuit connection and the optical coupler U1 of optical coupler U2, optical coupler U3 and optical coupler U6 are identical; The collector electrode of triode VT5 meets the pin P2.0 of single-chip microprocessor MCU; The grounded emitter of triode VT5; The base stage of triode VT5 connects 3 pin of optical coupler U4; 4 pin of optical coupler U4 meet direct voltage V0 by resistance R 16, and 1 pin meets charging terminal interface contacts B by resistance R 17, and 2 pin connect the anode of diode D6, and the negative electrode of diode D6 meets charging terminal interface contacts A; The collector electrode of triode VT6 meets the pin P2.1 of single-chip microprocessor MCU, grounded emitter, and base stage connects 3 pin of optical coupler U5; 4 pin of optical coupler U4 meet direct voltage V0 by resistance R 18, and 1 pin connects the negative electrode of diode D7, and 2 pin meet charging terminal interface contacts B by resistance R 19, and the anode of diode D7 meets charging terminal interface contacts A; Display circuit meets the pin P2.5～P2.7 of single-chip microprocessor MCU; The contact A of relay J 1, J2, J3 and charging terminal interface contacts A connect together; The contact B of relay J 1, J2, J3 and charging terminal interface contacts B connect together; Charging terminal interface contacts A and B connect respectively accumulator anode and cathode.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: with at present the intelligent charge equipment of charge in batteries is compared; can not only automatically control charging; and can automatically identify polarity of voltage and the voltage swing of storage battery; and automatically carry out adaptive transition, can realize the protection of short circuit zero current, be full of rear auto-breaking, also attach and repair and mobilizing function.Can be widely used in the energy intelligent charge of multiple storage battery.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is that schematic diagram cuts open in the structure master of the present utility model office of looking;

Fig. 2 is power supply schematic diagram of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is governor circuit schematic diagram of the present utility model.

Fig. 4 is polarity identification control circuit schematic diagram of the present utility model.

Fig. 5 is battery repairing function control circuit schematic diagram of the present utility model.

Embodiment

Be further described with reference to Fig. 1,2,3,4,5 pairs of the utility model.Automatically the multifunction charging device of identification voltage comprises shell (1), display window (7), button, switch (10), circuit board (8), power line (6) and charging terminal (9), it is characterized in that: the top at the front face of shell body is provided with display window (7), can show cell voltage, charging current, current electric quantity, charging interval, battery restoration information; Be provided with at the right part of the front face of shell body and discharge and recharge conversion keys SW1 (2), repair button SW2 (3), electric current increases button SW3 (4), electric current reduces button SW4 (5) and mains switch (10); Described circuit board (8) is provided with the control circuit of the multifunction charging device of automatic identification voltage, this electric routing switch power supply provides direct voltage V0 and direct voltage V1, direct voltage V0 is set as 5V in the present embodiment, direct voltage V1 is set as 30V, being filled the High Level DC Voltage of storage battery is 24V, pin P3.0～the P3.7 of single-chip microprocessor MCU meets respectively pin DI0～DI7 of digital to analog converter DA, pin P1.2～the P1.5 of single-chip microprocessor MCU meets respectively button SW1～SW4, the positive input terminal i+ of amplifier LM358 meets the output O of DA, negative input end i-connects the adjustable side of potentiometer R3, other two ends of potentiometer R3 one termination inductance H, the positive pole of electrochemical capacitor C1, the negative electrode of voltage stabilizing didoe D2, the drain electrode of field effect transistor, resistance R 7, the other end ground connection of connecting with R4; The minus earth of electrochemical capacitor C1; The base stage of triode VT1 connects the output of amplifier LM358 by resistance R 2, grounded emitter, and collector electrode connects the anode of voltage stabilizing didoe D1; The negative electrode of voltage stabilizing didoe D1 connects grid and the resistance R 1 of field effect transistor MOS1, and the source electrode of field effect transistor MOS1 is the other end and the direct voltage V1 of connecting resistance R1 simultaneously; The negative electrode of diode D3 connects the source electrode of inductance H and field effect transistor MOS1, the plus earth of diode D3; Voltage stabilizing didoe D2 and resistance R 7 parallel connections, the positive pole of the drain electrode of the negative electrode of voltage stabilizing didoe D2 and field effect transistor MOS2, inductance H, capacitor C 1 links to each other, and the grid of the anode of voltage stabilizing didoe D2 and field effect transistor MOS2 is connected together; One end of resistance R 8 and the collector electrode of triode VT2 join, and the grid of the other end and field effect transistor MOS2, the anode of voltage stabilizing didoe D2 join; The grounded emitter of triode VT2, the base stage of triode VT2 are connected to 3 pin of optical coupler U1; 4 pin of optical coupler U1 meet direct voltage V0 by

resistance R

6, and 1 pin of optical coupler U1 meets direct voltage V0 by

resistance R

Operation principle of the present utility model is as follows: the 220V alternating current is told the different direct current stream electricity of two-way by Switching Power Supply, be that direct voltage V0 is that 5V, direct voltage V1 are 30V, direct voltage 5V is control voltage, direct voltage V1 is charging voltage, can determine according to different needs, be generally direct voltage 30V or direct voltage 50V etc.Charging terminal interface contacts A, when B does not connect storage battery; optical coupler U4 and not conductings of U5; so triode VT5 and VT6 end; the pin P2.0 of single-chip microprocessor MCU and P2.1 are high level, the P0.1 of single-chip microprocessor MCU and P0.2 output high level, and relay coil J1 and J2 be no power; respective contacts is failure to actuate; charging terminal interface contacts A, B Non voltage output, this moment with A, B short circuit also without short circuit current, thereby realized short circuit zero current protection.

When charging terminal interface contacts A, B access storage battery, if the positive B of A is negative, voltage all can pass through diode D7, optical coupler U5, resistance R 19 forms loop, optical coupler U5 conducting, triode VT6 conducting, the pin P2.1 of single-chip microprocessor MCU drags down, single-chip microprocessor MCU detects and makes pin P0.1 output low level after pin P2.1 drags down, relay coil J1 energising, respective contacts work, contact A meets A1, and contact B meets B1; If the positive A of B is negative, voltage all can pass through diode D6, optical coupler U4, resistance R 17 forms the loop, optical coupler U4 conducting, triode VT5 conducting, P2.0 drags down, and single-chip microprocessor MCU detects and makes the P0.2 output low level after pin P2.0 drags down, relay coil J2 energising, corresponding contacts A meets B1, and contact B meets A1, thereby has realized identification and the conversion of positive-negative polarity.

The voltage of batteries is generally 6V, 12V or 24V (also according to actual needs otherwise designed), the voltage dividing potential drop of resistance R 9, R10 series connection accumulators, then

The voltage of ADC0=cell voltage * R10/ (R9+R10)

Single-chip microprocessor MCU can calculate the voltage * (R9+R10) of cell voltage=ADC0/R10, if battery voltage is between 0～7.2V, can judge it is the 6V storage battery, the P3 mouth of single-chip microprocessor MCU is sent data, digital to analog converter DA becomes aanalogvoltage with data transaction, process LM358 relatively amplifies control field effect transistor MOS 1 and inductance H just is transformed into 6V charging normal voltage, display window can show 6V simultaneously, charging current and current electric quantity, if battery voltage during near 7.2V charging current relatively very little, illustrate that battery will be full of, again judge it is 6V really, if charging current is relatively large, during charging is carried out, illustrate it is that erroneous judgement is disconnected before this, change into the 12V charging.If battery voltage is between 7.2～14.4V, can judge it is the 12V storage battery, the P3 mouth of single-chip microprocessor MCU is sent data, digital to analog converter DA becomes aanalogvoltage with data transaction, process LM358 relatively amplifies control field effect transistor MOS1 and inductance H just is transformed into 12V charging normal voltage, display window can show 12V simultaneously, charging current and current electric quantity, if battery voltage during near 14.4V charging current relatively very little, illustrate that battery will be full of, again judge it is 12V really, if charging current is still relatively large, during charging is carried out, illustrate it is that erroneous judgement is disconnected before this, change into the 24V charging.If battery voltage is between 14.4～28.8V, can judge it is the 24V storage battery, the P3 mouth of single-chip microprocessor MCU is sent data, digital to analog converter DA becomes aanalogvoltage with data transaction, process LM358 relatively amplifies control field effect transistor MOS1 and inductance H just is transformed into 24V charging normal voltage, and display window can show 24V, charging current and current electric quantity simultaneously.

The pin P0.0 pin of MCU will sender's wave impulse when charging normal, so field effect transistor MOS2 can produce charging pulse.The path that charging current flows through: Switching Power Supply-MOS1-H-MOS2-J1 (or J2)-storage battery-R13-Switching Power Supply, when charging current flows through resistance R 13, must produce pressure drop at resistance R 13 two ends, the electric current that flows through is larger, pressure drop is larger, the change in voltage that single-chip microprocessor MCU detects ADC1 changes into current data and shows as charging demonstration electric current, and regulating key SW3 and SW4 can regulate duty cycle square wave, thereby regulates charging current.Voltage can slowly raise during charge in batteries, theoretical voltage value after single-chip microprocessor MCU 1 can be full of according to the voltage signal of analog to digital converter ADC2 and storage battery is made comparisons, thereby calculate the current electric quantity (being expressed as a percentage) of storage battery, then show by display window, display window can be made of charactron or liquid crystal.Judge just to be full of by above principle repeated detection simultaneously and automatically stop charging by single-chip microprocessor MCU control.Intelligence quick charge, charging process control, charge protection and be full of rear auto-breaking and mainly realize by software.

In addition, this charging device also is attached with the function of repairing and activating storage battery, after pressing reparation button SW2, transfer battery repairing function to, charging device is first the storage battery charging, be full of rear relay J3 coil electricity, the drive respective contacts is closed, and storage battery is just by consuming components L discharge, after single-chip microprocessor MCU detects battery tension and drops to certain value by ADC, namely discharge finish after, turn-off relay J 3 coils, drive respective contacts and open, then connect again charging device and charge a battery, so carry out several circulations, namely reached the purpose that activates and repair storage battery.SW1 discharges and recharges conversion keys.

Claims

1. automatically identify the multifunction charging device of voltage, comprise shell (1), display window (7), button, switch (10), circuit board (8), power line (6) and charging terminal (9), it is characterized in that: the top at the front face of shell body is provided with display window (7), can show cell voltage, charging current, current electric quantity, charging interval, battery restoration information; Be provided with at the right part of the front face of shell body and discharge and recharge conversion keys SW1 (2), repair button SW2 (3), electric current increases button SW3 (4), electric current reduces button SW4 (5) and mains switch (10); Described circuit board (8) is provided with the control circuit of the multifunction charging device of automatic identification voltage, this electric routing switch power supply provides direct voltage V0 and direct voltage V1, pin P3.0～the P3.7 of single-chip microprocessor MCU meets respectively pin DI0～DI7 of digital to analog converter DA, pin P1.2～the P1.5 of single-chip microprocessor MCU meets respectively button SW1～SW4, the positive input terminal i+ of amplifier LM358 meets the output O of DA, negative input end i-connects the adjustable side of potentiometer R3, other two ends of potentiometer R3 one termination inductance H, the positive pole of electrochemical capacitor C1, the negative electrode of voltage stabilizing didoe D2, the drain electrode of field effect transistor, resistance R 7, the other end ground connection of connecting with R4; The minus earth of electrochemical capacitor C1; The base stage of triode VT1 connects the output of amplifier LM358 by resistance R 2, grounded emitter, and collector electrode connects the anode of voltage stabilizing didoe D1; The negative electrode of voltage stabilizing didoe D1 connects grid and the resistance R 1 of field effect transistor MOS1, and the source electrode of field effect transistor MOS1 is the other end and the direct voltage V1 of connecting resistance R1 simultaneously; The negative electrode of diode D3 connects the source electrode of inductance H and field effect transistor MOS1, the plus earth of diode D3; Voltage stabilizing didoe D2 and resistance R 7 parallel connections, the positive pole of the drain electrode of the negative electrode of voltage stabilizing didoe D2 and field effect transistor MOS2, inductance H, capacitor C 1 links to each other, and the grid of the anode of voltage stabilizing didoe D2 and field effect transistor MOS2 is connected together; One end of resistance R 8 and the collector electrode of triode VT2 join, and the grid of the other end and field effect transistor MOS2, the anode of voltage stabilizing didoe D2 join; The grounded emitter of triode VT2, the base stage of triode VT2 are connected to 3 pin of optical coupler U1; 4 pin of optical coupler U1 meet direct voltage V0 by resistance R 6, and 1 pin of optical coupler U1 meets direct voltage V0 by resistance R 5, and 2 pin of optical coupler U1 meet the pin P0.0 of single-chip microprocessor MCU; The source electrode of resistance R 9 one termination field effect transistor MOS2, the pin ADC0 of other end connecting resistance R10 and single-chip microprocessor MCU, the other end ground connection of resistance R 10; Diode D4 is in parallel with relay coil J1, and diode D4 negative electrode meets direct voltage V0, and anode connects the collector electrode of triode VT3; The contact A of the contact A of relay J 1, the contact A of relay J 2 and relay J 3 links together, the contact B of the contact B of relay J 1, the contact B of relay J 2 and relay J 3 links together, the contact B1 of relay J 1 succeeds the contact A2 of electrical equipment J2, and the contact A1 of relay J 1 and the contact B2 of relay J 2 connect the source electrode of field effect transistor MOS2; The contact A3 of relay J 3 links to each other with consuming components L with contact B3; Peripheral circuit connection and the optical coupler U1 of optical coupler U2, optical coupler U3 and optical coupler U6 are identical; The collector electrode of triode VT5 meets the pin P2.0 of single-chip microprocessor MCU; The grounded emitter of triode VT5; The base stage of triode VT5 connects 3 pin of optical coupler U4; 4 pin of optical coupler U4 meet direct voltage V0 by resistance R 16, and 1 pin meets charging terminal interface contacts B by resistance R 17, and 2 pin connect the anode of diode D6, and the negative electrode of diode D6 meets charging terminal interface contacts A; The collector electrode of triode VT6 meets the pin P2.1 of single-chip microprocessor MCU, grounded emitter, and base stage connects 3 pin of optical coupler U5; 4 pin of optical coupler U4 meet direct voltage V0 by resistance R 18, and 1 pin connects the negative electrode of diode D7, and 2 pin meet charging terminal interface contacts B by resistance R 19, and the anode of diode D7 meets charging terminal interface contacts A; Display circuit meets the pin P2.5～P2.7 of single-chip microprocessor MCU; The contact A of relay J 1, J2, J3 and charging terminal interface contacts A connect together; The contact B of relay J 1, J2, J3 and charging terminal interface contacts B connect together; Charging terminal interface contacts A and B connect respectively accumulator anode and cathode.