CN202231471U - Multifunctional intelligent charging device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multifunctional intelligent charging device, which comprises an outer casing, a power cord, a charging terminal, a circuit board and a transformer, and is characterized in that a battery voltage range recognition display window, The charging current display window and the charging amount display window; there are function conversion keys, current increase keys and current decrease keys on the lower part of the upper surface of the outer casing; the circuit board includes battery polarity identification circuits, voltage identification circuit, polarity conversion circuit, voltage conversion circuit, charging pulse generation circuit, energy-saving circuit and analog-to-digital conversion chips ADC1, ADC2, single-chip microcomputer MCU1, MCU2. The intelligent charging device can not only automatically control the charging, but also automatically identify the polarity and voltage of the battery, and automatically perform adaptive conversion. It can realize short-circuit zero-current protection, automatic power-off after full charge, and has repair and activation functions.

Description

Multifunctional smart charging device

technical field

The utility model relates to the improvement of intelligent charging equipment, specifically, it can automatically realize the voltage range identification and polarity identification of the storage battery and make adaptive conversion in time to adapt to the use of storage batteries with various charging ranges, and has the effect of saving electricity and A multifunctional intelligent charging device for protecting and repairing battery functions. the

Background technique

With the improvement of environmental protection requirements, batteries have become a common energy source, but each battery must be equipped with a corresponding charger, that is to say, a charger can only charge the matching battery, which limits the scope of application of the charger . There are many types of smart chargers currently on the market, some of which include power conversion, charging control, and protection circuits, which can charge various batteries, but they cannot control the charging current in real time by detecting the battery capacity in order to complete the charging with the highest efficiency. Charging, let alone real-time display of the charging process. Although some have solved the problem of charging at the bottom of the power supply to save electricity, or used the card insertion method to solve the problem of intelligent settlement, or used single-chip microcomputer control to solve the problem of fast charging and overcharge protection, but through searching, it is currently used in storage batteries. For most of the charging equipment, the positive and negative poles and the applicable range of voltage cannot be automatically identified. Therefore, if the reverse pole and negative pole are connected, the charging equipment will be damaged; the adaptive conversion of the voltage requires artificial conversion, and improper conversion will also cause damage. Cause damage to the charging equipment or battery; Most of the short circuit protections used are protected by fuses, and it takes time and effort to replace the fuses; After the battery is fully charged, the charging equipment needs to be turned off manually; There is no function of repairing and activating the battery. the

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a multifunctional intelligent charging device that can automatically identify the polarity and voltage of the storage battery, automatically perform adaptive conversion, realize short-circuit current protection, automatically cut off the power after full charge, and has repair and activation functions. the

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: the multifunctional intelligent charging device includes an outer casing, a power cord, a charging terminal, a circuit board and a transformer, the circuit board is fixed in the outer casing, and the transformer is fixedly installed on the circuit board On the top, the lead wire of the charging terminal is connected from the output end of the circuit board, and it is characterized in that: the voltage range identification display window of the battery, the charging current display window of the battery and the charging capacity display of the battery are arranged on the upper part of the upper surface of the outer shell window; the lower part of the upper surface of the outer casing is provided with a function conversion key, a current increase key and a current decrease key; the circuit board includes a battery polarity identification circuit, a battery voltage identification circuit, and a battery polarity conversion circuit , battery voltage conversion circuit, charging pulse generation circuit, energy-saving circuit and analog-to-digital conversion chip ADC1, ADC2, single-chip microcomputer MCU1, MCU2; described battery polarity recognition circuit is made up of optocoupler V, diode D1 and resistance R13, photoelectric coupling Pin 1 of the device V is connected to P3.7 pin of the microcontroller MCU2, pin 2 of the photocoupler V is grounded, pin 3 of the photocoupler V is connected to the output terminal A through the resistor R13, and connected to a contact point of the rectifier bridge GB2, the photocoupler The 4 pins of the device V are connected to the output terminal B through the diode D1, and are connected to another contact point of the rectifier bridge GB2; the battery voltage identification circuit is composed of an analog-to-digital conversion chip ADC2, resistors R3, R4, and the rectifier bridge GB2. Pins 1 to 8 of the digital conversion chip ADC2 are sequentially connected to pins P1.0 to P1.7 of the single-chip microcomputer MCU2, and at the same time connected to pins P3.0 to P3.7 of the single-chip microcomputer MCU1. Pin 9 of the analog-to-digital conversion chip ADC2 passes through a resistor R3 is connected to a contact point of the rectifier bridge GB2, and is grounded through a resistor R4; the battery polarity conversion circuit is composed of a triode VT5, a triode VT6, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a diode D6, a diode D7, a relay J5 and a relay J6. The collector of the triode VT5 and the collector of the triode VT6 are respectively connected to a contact of the relay J5 and the relay J6, the diode D6 and the diode D7 are respectively connected in parallel with the relay J5 and the relay J6, the emitters of the triode VT5 and the triode VT6 are grounded, and the triode VT5 and the triode The base of VT6 is respectively connected to P2.1 pin and P2.0 pin of MCU2 through resistor R11 and resistor R12, and is connected to 5V power supply through resistor R28 and resistor R29 at the same time, and the other contact of relay J5 and relay J6 is connected to 12V power supply; The battery voltage conversion circuit is composed of triode VT2, triode VT3, triode VT4, relay J2, relay J3, relay J4, diode D3, diode D4, diode D5, resistor R8, resistor R9, and resistor R10. The collector, the collector of the triode VT3 and the collector of the triode VT4 are respectively connected to a contact point of the relay J2, the relay J3 and the relay J4, and the diode D3, the diode D4 and the diode D5 are respectively connected to the relay J2, relay J3 and relay J4 are connected in parallel, the emitters of triode VT2, triode VT3 and triode VT4 are grounded, and the bases of triode VT2, triode VT3 and triode VT4 are respectively connected to P2 of MCU2 through resistor R8, resistor R9 and resistor R10. Pin 4, pin P2.3 and pin P2.2 are connected to 5V power supply through resistor R25, resistor R26 and resistor R27 at the same time, and the other contact of relay J2, relay J3 and relay J4 is connected to 12V power supply; the charging pulse is generated The circuit is composed of a field effect transistor DS2 and a resistor R6. The gate of the field effect transistor DS2 is connected to the P2.6 pin of the microcontroller MCU2 through the resistor R6, and at the same time connected to the 5V power supply through the resistor R22 drawn from the microcontroller MCU2; the energy-saving circuit , consists of triode VT1, relay J1, diode D2 and resistor R7, the collector of triode VT1 is connected to a contact of relay J1, diode D2 is connected in parallel with relay J1, the base of triode VT1 is connected to pin P2.5 of microcontroller MCU2 through resistor R7 , and connect the 5V power supply through the resistor R24 at the same time. the

The utility model is also implemented through the following measures: the fixed contacts of the current increase key and the current decrease key are respectively connected to the P3.5 pin and the P3.4 pin of the single-chip microcomputer MCU2. the

There is also a display circuit, including battery voltage display circuit, battery current display circuit and battery power display circuit. The battery voltage display circuit consists of digital tube LED1, digital tube LED2, resistor R31, resistor R32, triode VT7, triode VT8 Composition, digital tube LED1 and digital tube LED2 segment selection end are connected to P0.0 pin to P0.7 pin of single chip microcomputer MCU1, bit selection end is respectively connected to the collector of triode VT7 and triode VT8; the current display circuit of the battery is composed of digital tube LED3, Composed of digital tube LED4, resistor R33, resistor R34, triode VT9, and triode VT10, the segment selection terminal of digital tube LED3 and digital tube LED4 is connected to pin P0.0 to P0.7 of single-chip microcomputer MCU1, and the bit selection terminal is respectively connected to triode VT9 triode The collector of VT10; the power display circuit of the storage battery is composed of digital tube LED5, digital tube LED6, resistor R35, resistor R36, triode VT11, and triode VT12. The segment selection terminal of digital tube LED5 and digital tube LED6 is connected to P0.0 of MCU1 Pin to P0.7 pin, the bit selection terminal is respectively connected to the collector of the triode VT11 and the triode VT12. the

There is also a discharge circuit in the device, the discharge circuit is composed of a field effect transistor DS1, a resistor R5, and a resistance wire R1, the drain of the field effect transistor DS1 is connected to the resistance wire R1, and the source is grounded; the gate of the field effect transistor DS1 passes through Resistor R5 is connected to P2.7 pin of MCU1. the

In order to reduce the charging temperature, a cooling fan is also provided in the casing. the

In this way, in the utility model, the positive and negative poles of the battery can be identified through the battery polarity identification circuit and the battery polarity conversion circuit, and the corresponding conversion is carried out. When the negative pole is reversed, it can be switched automatically to charge the battery normally. At the same time, when the battery is not connected, the battery voltage identification circuit and the battery polarity identification circuit have no signal, so there is no voltage output on the load side, even if the load side is short-circuited. There is no short-circuit current, so it will not cause damage to the charging equipment; through the battery voltage identification circuit and the battery voltage conversion circuit, the automatic identification of the voltage range of the battery is realized, and adaptive conversion is performed. The utility model is connected to 220V mains, and reaches the upper end of the control circuit through a transformer and a rectifier circuit. When charging, the P2.6 pin of the microcontroller MCU2 will generate millisecond-level square wave pulses, and the field effect tube will be turned on and off periodically, that is, charging pulses, to improve charging efficiency, and the duty cycle of the charging pulse can be adjusted to adjust the charging current. the size of. After the rechargeable battery is removed, the load side will be powered off immediately and the initial state will be restored. When the battery is fully charged, the power detection circuit of the battery sends a signal to the single-chip MCU2, which first enters the floating charge state, and then the single-chip MCU2 makes the energy-saving circuit completely cut off the power supply of the charging equipment. Charge. In addition, the utility model also has the function of repairing and activating the storage battery, which is mainly realized by charging and discharging. Press the function conversion key to automatically repair the storage battery. The single-chip microcomputer MCU2 first charges the storage battery. The discharge circuit works, and after the discharge is completed, the battery will be charged again, and the purpose of activating and repairing the battery can be achieved by performing 2-3 cycles in this way. the

The beneficial effect of the utility model is that: compared with the current intelligent charging equipment for charging the storage battery, it can not only automatically control the charging, but also automatically identify the polarity and voltage of the storage battery, and automatically perform adaptive conversion, and can realize short-circuit current protection , Automatic power off after full charge, and comes with repair and activation functions. It can be widely used for intelligent charging of various storage batteries. the

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the cut-away schematic diagram of the main view of the structure of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the electrical schematic diagram of the utility model. the

In the figure: 1. Outer shell; 2. Power cord; 3. Charging terminal; 4. Circuit board; 5. Transformer; 6. Battery voltage range identification display window; 7. Battery charging current display window; 8. Battery Charging amount display window; 9. Discharging circuit; 10. Battery polarity identification circuit; 11. Battery voltage identification circuit; 12. Battery polarity conversion circuit; 13. Battery voltage conversion circuit; 14. Charging pulse generation circuit; 15. Energy saving Circuit; 16, battery voltage display circuit; 17, battery current display circuit; 18, battery power display circuit; 19, function conversion key; 20, current increase key; 21, current decrease key. the

Detailed ways

The utility model is described further with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2. The multifunctional intelligent charging device includes an outer casing 1, a power cord 2, a charging terminal 3, a circuit board 4 and a transformer 5, the circuit board 4 is fixed in the outer casing 1, the transformer 5 is fixedly installed on the circuit board 4, and the charging terminal 3 The lead wire is connected from the output terminal on the circuit board 4, and it is characterized in that: the voltage range identification display window 6 of the storage battery, the charging current display window 7 of the storage battery and the charging amount display of the storage battery are arranged on the upper part of the upper surface of the outer casing 1 Window 8, through the battery voltage range identification display window 6, you can observe the allowable range of the charged battery voltage, through the battery charging current display window 7, you can observe the current value of the current charge, and through the battery charge display window 8 can observe the current charged power; the lower part of the upper surface of the outer casing 1 is provided with a function conversion key 19, a current increase key 20 and a current decrease key 21; the circuit board 4 includes a battery polarity identification Circuit 10, battery voltage identification circuit 11, battery polarity conversion circuit 12, battery voltage conversion circuit 13, charging pulse generation circuit 14, energy-saving circuit 15, analog-to-digital conversion chips ADC1, ADC2, single-chip microcomputer MCU1, MCU2; Sex identification circuit 10 is made up of photocoupler V, diode D1 and resistor R13, pin 1 of photocoupler V is connected to pin P3.7 of microcontroller MCU2, pin 2 of photocoupler V is grounded, pin 3 of photocoupler V passes Resistor R13 is connected to output terminal A, and connected to a contact point of rectifier bridge GB2, pin 4 of photocoupler V is connected to output terminal B through diode D1, and connected to another contact point of rectifier bridge GB2; the battery voltage identification circuit 11. It is composed of analog-to-digital conversion chip ADC2, resistors R3, R4, and rectifier bridge GB2. Pins 1 to 8 of the analog-to-digital conversion chip ADC2 are connected to pins P1.0 to P1.7 of the single-chip microcomputer MCU2 in turn, and connected to the pins of the single-chip microcomputer MCU1 at the same time P3.0 pin to P3.7 pin, 9 pins of analog-to-digital conversion chip ADC2 connect a contact point of rectifier bridge GB2 through resistance R3, and ground through resistance R4; Described battery polarity conversion circuit 12 is composed of triode VT5, triode Composed of VT6, resistor R11, resistor R12, diode D6, diode D7, relay J5 and relay J6, the collector of the transistor VT5 and the collector of the transistor VT6 are respectively connected to a contact of the relay J5 and the relay J6, and the diode D6 and the diode D7 are respectively connected to Relay J5 and relay J6 are connected in parallel, the emitters of triode VT5 and triode VT6 are grounded, the bases of triode VT5 and triode VT6 are respectively connected to P2. R28, resistance R29 connect 5V power supply, the other contact of relay J5 and relay J6 connect 12V power supply; D3 , diode D4, diode D5 and resistor R8, resistor R9, resistor R10, the collector of transistor VT2, the collector of transistor VT3 and the collector of transistor VT4 are respectively connected to a contact of relay J2, relay J3 and relay J4, Diode D3, diode D4 and diode D5 are respectively connected in parallel with relay J2, relay J3 and relay J4, the emitters of triode VT2, triode VT3 and triode VT4 are grounded, and the bases of triode VT2, triode VT3 and triode VT4 pass through resistor R8, resistor R9 and resistor R10 are respectively connected to P2.4 pin, P2.3 pin and P2.2 pin of single chip microcomputer MCU2, and are connected to 5V power supply through resistor R25, resistor R26 and resistor R27 at the same time, the other of relay J2, relay J3 and relay J4 The contact is connected to a 12V power supply; the charging pulse generating circuit 14 is made up of a field effect transistor DS2 and a resistor R6, and the gate of the field effect transistor DS2 is connected to the P2.6 pin of the single-chip microcomputer MCU2 through the resistor R6, and is simultaneously drawn from the single-chip microcomputer MCU2. The resistor R22 is connected to a 5V power supply; the energy-saving circuit 15 is composed of a triode VT1, a relay J1, a diode D2 and a resistor R7, the collector of the triode VT1 is connected to a contact of the relay J1, the diode D2 is connected in parallel with the relay J1, and the triode VT1 The base is connected to the P2.5 pin of the single-chip microcomputer MCU2 through the resistor R7, and connected to the 5V power supply through the resistor R24 at the same time. the

The utility model is also implemented by the following measures: the fixed contacts of the current increase key 20 and the current decrease key 21 are respectively connected to the P3.5 pin and the P3.4 pin of the single-chip microcomputer MCU2, and the current increase key 20 is pressed. increase, press the current reduction key 21 to reduce the current, thereby realizing the adjustment of the current. the

Also be provided with display circuit, comprise the voltage display circuit 16 of accumulator, the current display circuit 17 of accumulator and the power display circuit 18 of accumulator, the voltage display circuit 16 of accumulator is made up of nixie tube LED1, nixie tube LED2, resistance R31, resistance R32, triode Composed of VT7 and triode VT8, digital tube LED1 and digital tube LED2 are connected to P0.0 pin to P0.7 pin of single-chip microcomputer MCU1, and bit selection terminals are respectively connected to the collectors of triode VT7 and triode VT8; battery current display circuit 17 It is composed of digital tube LED3, digital tube LED4, resistor R33, resistor R34, triode VT9, and triode VT10. The segment selection terminal of digital tube LED3 and digital tube LED4 is connected to pin P0.0 to pin P0.7 of single-chip microcomputer MCU1, and the bit selection terminal Connect the collectors of triode VT9 and triode VT10 respectively; the power display circuit 18 of the storage battery is composed of digital tube LED5, digital tube LED6, resistor R35, resistor R36, triode VT11, and triode VT12, and the segment selection of digital tube LED5 and digital tube LED6 The terminal is connected to the P0.0 pin to the P0.7 pin of the single-chip microcomputer MCU1, and the bit selection terminal is respectively connected to the collector of the triode VT11 and the triode VT12. the

The device is also provided with a discharge circuit 9, the discharge circuit 9 is composed of a field effect transistor DS1, a resistor R5, and a resistance wire R1, the drain of the field effect transistor DS1 is connected to the resistance wire R1, and the source is grounded; the gate of the field effect transistor DS1 The pole is connected to the P2.7 pin of the single-chip microcomputer MCU1 through the resistor R5. the

In order to reduce the charging temperature, a cooling fan is also provided in the outer casing 1 . the

In this way, in the utility model, the positive and negative poles of the battery can be identified through the battery polarity identification circuit and the battery polarity conversion circuit, and the corresponding conversion is carried out. When the negative pole is reversed, it can be switched automatically to charge the battery normally. At the same time, when the battery is not connected, the battery voltage identification circuit and the battery polarity identification circuit have no signal, so there is no voltage output on the load side, even if the load side is short-circuited. There is no short-circuit current, so it will not cause damage to the charging equipment; through the battery voltage identification circuit and the battery voltage conversion circuit, the automatic identification of the voltage range of the battery is realized, and adaptive conversion is performed. The utility model is connected to 220V mains, and reaches the upper end of the control circuit through a transformer 5 and a rectifier circuit. When charging, the P2.6 pin of the microcontroller MCU2 will generate millisecond-level square wave pulses, and the field effect tube will be turned on and off periodically, that is, charging pulses, to improve charging efficiency, and the duty cycle of the charging pulse can be adjusted to adjust the charging current. the size of. After the rechargeable battery is removed, the load side will be powered off immediately and the initial state will be restored. When the battery is fully charged, the power detection circuit of the battery sends a signal to the single-chip MCU2, which first enters the floating charge state, and then the single-chip MCU2 makes the energy-saving circuit completely cut off the power supply of the charging equipment. Charge. In addition, the utility model also has the function of repairing and activating the storage battery. Press the function conversion key 19 to automatically repair the storage battery. The MCU2 first charges the storage battery. When the battery is full, the MCU2 controls the discharge circuit to work, and the discharge is completed. Finally, the battery will be charged again, so that 2-3 cycles can achieve the purpose of activating and repairing the battery. the

The working principle of the utility model is as follows: the 220V city electricity is divided into three different alternating currents through the transformer 5, that is, 12V, 24V, and 36V. The polarity conversion circuit and voltage conversion circuit do not work, and there is no voltage output on the load side A and B, even if A and B are short-circuited, there is no short-circuit current, thus realizing short-circuit current protection. When charging devices A and B are connected to the battery, regardless of whether A is positive and B is negative or B is positive and A is negative, the voltage will reach the series resistors R3 and R4 through the rectifier bridge GB2. The voltage is converted into a digital signal and sent to the single-chip MCU2, and the single-chip MCU2 makes a judgment after receiving the data sent by the ADC2, and then controls the voltage conversion circuit to work. The voltage of the battery pack is mostly 12V, 24V or 36V. If the single-chip MCU2 detects that the voltage at both ends of A and B is between 7 and 15V, the 12V voltage is used as the reference voltage, and the pin P2.4 outputs a high level, and the relay J2 Set, the charging voltage is converted to 12V, and 12V is displayed through the digital tubes LED1 and LED2 at the same time; if the single-chip microcomputer MCU2 detects that the voltage at both ends of A and B is between 17 and 28V, the 24V voltage is used as the reference voltage, and the pin P2 .3 Output high level, relay J3 is set, the charging voltage is converted to 24V, and the digital tubes LED1 and LED2 display 24V at the same time; The 36V voltage is used as the reference voltage, the pin P2.2 outputs a high level, the relay J4 is set, the charging voltage is converted to 36V, and the digital tubes LED1 and LED2 display 36V at the same time. After the single-chip MCU2 collects the voltage signal, it collects the polarity signal of the battery, so as to avoid being mistaken for B positive and A negative when there is no battery connected to the A and B terminals. The polarity identification circuit is composed of a diode D1, a photocoupler V, and a resistor R13. According to the characteristics of diodes and optocouplers, if A is connected to positive and B is connected to negative, the optocoupler V is turned on, and P3.7 of MCU2 becomes low level. 1 outputs high level, then J5 is set, so as to charge the battery normally, if B is connected to positive and A is connected to negative, the photocoupler V is not conducting, P3.7 of MCU2 is high level, and MCU2 detects When P3.7 is high level, P2.0 will output high level, then J6 will be set, and the battery will be charged normally. the

During normal charging, the P2.7 pin of MCU2 will send out a square wave pulse, so the field effect transistor DS1 will send out a charging pulse to prevent excessive air bubbles from being generated on the battery plate. When a charging current flows through the wire-wound resistor R2, there will be a voltage drop at both ends of the resistor R2. The greater the current flowing through the resistor R2, the greater the voltage drop. The analog-to-digital conversion chip sends the voltage signal at both ends of the resistor R2 to the microcontroller. MCU1, the single-chip MCU1 analyzes and calculates the voltage signal sent, and displays it through the digital tubes LED3 and LED4. When the battery is charging, the voltage will rise slowly, and the single-chip MCU1 will compare the voltage signal of the analog-to-digital converter ADC2 with the theoretical voltage value after the battery is fully charged, thereby calculating the current power of the battery (expressed as a percentage), and then through the digital tube LED3 and LED4 are displayed. The display circuit realizes multi-digit digital tube display through dynamic scanning. When the battery voltage reaches the threshold voltage, that is, when the battery is fully charged, P2.5 of the microcontroller MCU2 outputs a high level, and the relay J1 is set. Since the transformer 5 is connected to the normally closed contact of J1, the transformer 5 is disconnected after J1 is set. On, charging stops. After the rechargeable battery is removed, since the charging voltage is a pulse voltage, the voltage of the output terminals A and B must be zero. When the voltage is zero, the voltage at both ends of the resistor R4 is also zero. After the MCU2 detects the zero signal, each I/ The O port returns to the initial state, so the charging device also returns to the initial state, waiting for the access of the next set of rechargeable batteries. the

In addition, this charging device also has the function of repairing and activating the storage battery. When the function conversion key 19 is pressed, the P3.6 of the single-chip MCU becomes low level. When the single-chip microcomputer detects that P3.6 is low level, it calls the internal repair Program, charge the battery first, turn off the charging device after it is fully charged, P2.7 outputs a high level, the field effect transistor DS1 is turned on, and the battery is discharged through the resistance wire R1, and the single-chip MCU2 detects that the battery voltage has dropped to a certain level through ADC1. After the value is set, that is, after the discharge is completed, turn off the DS1, and at the same time turn on the charging equipment to charge the battery. Perform 2 to 3 cycles in this way, and the purpose of activating and repairing the battery is achieved. the

What needs to be added is that the working methods of MCU1 and MCU2 are determined by the written program. During power detection, when a 12V battery is connected, the single-chip MCU2 first recognizes the voltage of the battery, and then compares the current voltage of the battery with the theoretical voltage after the 12V battery is fully charged, thereby calculating the current power of the battery; When the battery is 24V, the single-chip MCU2 also recognizes the voltage of the battery first, and then compares the current voltage of the battery with the theoretical voltage after the 24V battery is fully charged, so as to calculate the current power of the battery; when the battery is 36V, it is the same principle . That is to say, no matter how many volts of battery is connected, the microcontroller will call out the corresponding voltage reference, and after calculation, it can accurately display the current power of the battery. the

Claims (4)

1. A multifunctional intelligent charging device, including an outer casing (1), a power cord (2), a charging terminal (3), a circuit board (4) and a transformer (5), and the circuit board (4) is fixed on the outer casing (1) Inside, the transformer (5) is fixedly installed on the circuit board (4), and the wire of the charging terminal (3) is connected from the output terminal on the circuit board (4), and it is characterized in that: on the upper surface of the outer shell (1) The upper part is provided with a battery voltage range identification display window (6), a battery charging current display window (7) and a battery charge display window (8); the lower part of the upper panel of the outer shell (1) is provided with a function conversion key (19), current increase key (20) and current decrease key (21); the described circuit board (4) includes battery polarity identification circuit (10), battery voltage identification circuit (11), battery pole Character conversion circuit (12), battery voltage conversion circuit (13), charging pulse generation circuit (14), energy-saving circuit (15) and analog-to-digital conversion chips ADC1, ADC2, single-chip microcomputer MCU1, MCU2; described battery polarity identification circuit (10) It is composed of photocoupler V, diode D1 and resistor R13. Pin 1 of photocoupler V is connected to pin P3.7 of microcontroller MCU2, pin 2 of photocoupler V is grounded, and pin 3 of photocoupler V passes through the resistor R13 is connected to the output terminal A, and is connected to a contact point of the rectifier bridge GB2, and pin 4 of the photocoupler V is connected to the output terminal B through a diode D1, and is connected to another contact point of the rectifier bridge GB2; the battery voltage identification circuit ( 11) It consists of analog-to-digital conversion chip ADC2, resistors R3, R4, and rectifier bridge GB2. Pins 1 to 8 of the analog-to-digital conversion chip ADC2 are sequentially connected to pins P1.0 to P1.7 of the single-chip microcomputer MCU2, and at the same time connected to the single-chip microcomputer MCU1 P3.0 pin to P3.7 pin, 9 pins of the analog-to-digital conversion chip ADC2 connect a contact of the rectifier bridge GB2 through the resistor R3, and ground through the resistor R4; the battery polarity conversion circuit (12) is composed of a transistor Composed of VT5, transistor VT6, resistor R11, resistor R12, diode D6, diode D7, relay J5 and relay J6, the collector of transistor VT5 and the collector of transistor VT6 are respectively connected to a contact of relay J5 and relay J6, and diode D6 and diode D7 is connected in parallel with relay J5 and relay J6 respectively, the emitters of triode VT5 and triode VT6 are grounded, the bases of triode VT5 and triode VT6 are respectively connected to P2.1 pin and P2.0 pin of MCU2 through resistor R11 and resistor R12, and Connect 5V power supply by resistance R28, resistance R29 simultaneously, another contact of relay J5 and relay J6 connects 12V power supply; , Relay J4, Diode D3, Diode D4, Diode D5, Resistor R8, Resistor R9, Resistor R10, The collector of the triode VT2, the collector of the triode VT3 and the collector of the triode VT4 are respectively connected to a contact point of the relay J2, the relay J3 and the relay J4, and the diode D3, the diode D4 and the diode D5 are respectively connected in parallel with the relay J2, the relay J3 and the relay J4 , the emitters of the triode VT2, triode VT3 and triode VT4 are grounded, and the bases of the triode VT2, triode VT3 and triode VT4 are respectively connected to the P2.4 pin, P2.3 pin and P2.2 pin, and connect 5V power supply by resistance R25, resistance R26 and resistance R27 simultaneously, another contact of relay J2, relay J3 and relay J4 connects 12V power supply; Described charging pulse generation circuit (14), by field effect Tube DS2 and resistance R6 form, and the gate of field effect transistor DS2 connects the P2.6 pin of single-chip microcomputer MCU2 by resistance R6, and connects 5V power supply by the resistance R22 that draws from single-chip microcomputer MCU2 simultaneously; Described energy-saving circuit (15), by Composed of triode VT1, relay J1, diode D2 and resistor R7, the collector of triode VT1 is connected to a contact of relay J1, diode D2 is connected in parallel with relay J1, the base of triode VT1 is connected to pin P2.5 of MCU2 through resistor R7, and At the same time connect the 5V power supply through the resistor R24. 2. The multifunctional intelligent charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixed contacts of the current increase key (20) and the current decrease key (21) are connected to the P3.5 pin and the P3.5 pin of the single-chip microcomputer MCU2 respectively. P3.4 feet. 3. The multifunctional intelligent charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that a display circuit is also provided, including a voltage display circuit (16) of the storage battery, a current display circuit (17) of the storage battery and a power display circuit (18) of the storage battery ), the voltage display circuit (16) of the accumulator is made up of digital tube LED1, digital tube LED2, resistance R31, resistance R32, triode VT7, triode VT8, digital tube LED1 and digital tube LED2 segment selection terminal connected to the P0.0 pin of single-chip microcomputer MCU1 To the P0.7 pin, the position selection end is respectively connected to the collector of the triode VT7 and the triode VT8; the current display circuit (17) of the accumulator is made up of the digital tube LED3, the digital tube LED4, the resistor R33, the resistor R34, the triode VT9 and the triode VT10, The segment selection terminal of the digital tube LED3 and the digital tube LED4 is connected to the P0.0 pin to the P0.7 pin of the single-chip microcomputer MCU1, and the position selection terminal is respectively connected to the collector of the triode VT9 triode VT10; , digital tube LED6, resistor R35, resistor R36, triode VT11, and triode VT12. The segment selection terminals of the digital tube LED5 and digital tube LED6 are connected to pins P0.0 to P0.7 of the single-chip microcomputer MCU1, and the bit selection terminals are respectively connected to the triode VT11 The collector of the transistor VT12. 4. The multifunctional intelligent charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that a discharge circuit (9) is also provided in the device, and the discharge circuit (9) is composed of a field effect transistor DS1, a resistor R5, and a resistance wire R1. The drain of the field effect transistor DS1 is connected to the resistance wire R1, and the source is grounded; the gate of the field effect transistor DS1 is connected to the P2.7 pin of the single-chip microcomputer MCU1 through the resistor R5. the

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