CN102227088B - Multifunctional intelligent charging equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional intelligent charging device, which comprises an outer casing, a power cord, a charging terminal, a circuit board and a transformer, and is characterized in that a battery voltage range recognition display window, a charging The current display window and the charging amount display window; there are function conversion keys, current increase and decrease keys on the lower part of the upper surface of the outer casing; the circuit board includes battery polarity identification circuits, voltage identification circuits, polarity Conversion circuit, voltage conversion circuit, charging pulse generation circuit, energy-saving circuit, analog-to-digital conversion chips ADC1, ADC2, single-chip microcomputer MCU1, MCU2. This multi-functional intelligent charging device can not only automatically control charging, but also automatically identify the polarity and voltage of the battery, and automatically perform adaptive conversion, and can realize short-circuit zero-current protection, automatic power-off after full charge, and repair and activation Function. It can be widely used for intelligent charging of various storage batteries.

Description

Multifunctional smart charging device

technical field

The invention relates to the improvement of intelligent charging equipment, specifically, it can automatically realize the voltage range identification and polarity identification of the storage battery and make adaptive conversion in time, so as to adapt to the use of storage batteries with various charging ranges, and has power saving effect and protection And a multifunctional intelligent charging device for repairing battery functions.

Background technique

With the improvement of environmental protection requirements, batteries have become a common energy source, but each battery must be equipped with a corresponding charger, that is to say, a charger can only charge the matching battery, which limits the scope of application of the charger . There are many types of smart chargers currently on the market, some of which include power conversion, charging control, and protection circuits, which can charge various batteries, but they cannot control the charging current in real time by detecting the battery capacity in order to complete the charging with the highest efficiency. Charging, let alone real-time display of the charging process. Although some have solved the problem of charging at the bottom of the power supply to save electricity, or used the card insertion method to solve the problem of intelligent settlement, or used single-chip microcomputer control to solve the problem of fast charging and overcharge protection, but through searching, it is currently used in storage batteries. For most of the charging equipment, the positive and negative poles and the applicable range of voltage cannot be automatically identified. Therefore, if the reverse pole and negative pole are connected, the charging equipment will be damaged; the adaptive conversion of the voltage requires artificial conversion, and improper conversion will also cause damage. Cause damage to the charging equipment or battery; Most of the short circuit protections used are protected by fuses, and it takes time and effort to replace the fuses; After the battery is fully charged, the charging equipment needs to be turned off manually; There is no function of repairing and activating the battery.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional intelligent charging device that can automatically identify the polarity and voltage of the storage battery, automatically perform adaptive conversion, realize short-circuit zero-current protection, automatically power off after full charging, and has repair and activation functions.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the multifunctional intelligent charging device includes an outer casing, a power cord, a charging terminal, a circuit board and a transformer, the circuit board is fixed in the outer casing, and the transformer is fixedly mounted on the circuit board , the lead wire of the charging terminal is connected from the output end on the circuit board, and it is characterized in that: the voltage range identification display window of the battery, the charging current display window of the battery and the charging amount display window of the battery are arranged on the upper part of the upper surface of the outer shell ; A function switch key, a current increase key and a current decrease key are provided on the lower part of the upper surface of the outer shell; the circuit board includes a battery polarity identification circuit, a battery voltage identification circuit, a battery polarity conversion circuit, Storage battery voltage conversion circuit, charging pulse generation circuit, energy-saving circuit and analog-to-digital conversion chip ADC1, ADC2, single-chip microcomputer MCU1, MCU2; Described storage battery polarity recognition circuit is made up of optocoupler V, diode D1 and resistor R13, optocoupler Pin 1 of V is connected to pin P3.7 of microcontroller MCU2, pin 2 of optocoupler V is grounded, pin 3 of optocoupler V is connected to the positive pole of terminal A of the battery through resistor R13, and connected to a corresponding positive pole contact of rectifier bridge GB2 , the 4 pins of the photocoupler V are connected to the B terminal negative pole of the battery through the diode D1, and are connected to a corresponding negative pole contact of the rectifier bridge GB2; the battery voltage identification circuit is composed of an analog-to-digital conversion chip ADC2 and resistors R3, R4, Composed of rectifier bridge GB2, pins 1 to 8 of the analog-to-digital conversion chip ADC2 are sequentially connected to pins P1.0 to pin P1.7 of the single-chip microcomputer MCU2, and at the same time connected to pins P3.0 to pin P3.7 of the single-chip microcomputer MCU1, the analog-to-digital conversion chip Pin 9 of ADC2 is connected to a positive contact point of the rectifier bridge GB2 through resistor R3, and grounded through resistor R4; the battery polarity conversion circuit is composed of triode VT5, triode VT6, resistor R11, resistor R12, diode D6, diode D7, Composed of relay J5 and relay J6, the collector of transistor VT5 and the collector of transistor VT6 are respectively connected to a contact of relay J5 and relay J6, diode D6 and diode D7 are connected in parallel with relay J5 and relay J6 respectively, the emission of transistor VT5 and transistor VT6 The poles are grounded, the bases of the triode VT5 and the triode VT6 are respectively connected to the P2.1 pin and P2.0 pin of the single-chip microcomputer MCU2 through the resistor R11 and the resistor R12, and are connected to the 5V power supply through the resistor R28 and the resistor R29 at the same time, and the relay J5 and the relay J6 Another contact connects 12V power supply; Described accumulator voltage conversion circuit, by triode VT2, triode VT3, triode VT4, relay J2, relay J3, relay J4, diode D3, diode D4, diode D5 and resistance R8, resistance R9, resistance Composed of R10, the collector of triode VT2, the collector of triode VT3 and the collector of triode VT4 are respectively connected to a contact of relay J2, relay J3 and relay J4, diode D3, diode D4 and diode D5 are respectively connected in parallel with relay J2, relay J3 and relay J4, the emitters of triode VT2, triode VT3 and triode VT4 are grounded, and the bases of triode VT2, triode VT3 and triode VT4 pass through resistors R8, resistor R9 and resistor R10 respectively Connect the P2.4 pin, P2.3 pin and P2.2 pin of the single chip microcomputer MCU2 respectively, and connect the 5V power supply through the resistor R25, the resistor R26 and the resistor R27 at the same time, and connect the other contact of the relay J2, the relay J3 and the relay J4 to the 12V power supply The charging pulse generating circuit is made up of field effect transistor DS2 and resistor R6, the gate of field effect transistor DS2 is connected to the P2.6 pin of single-chip microcomputer MCU2 through resistance R6, and is connected to 5V by resistance R23 drawn from single-chip microcomputer MCU2 at the same time Power supply; the energy-saving circuit is composed of triode VT1, relay J1, diode D2 and resistor R7, the collector of triode VT1 is connected to a contact of relay J1, diode D2 is connected in parallel with relay J1, and the base of triode VT1 is connected through resistor R7 The P2.5 pin of the single-chip microcomputer MCU2 is connected to the 5V power supply through the resistor R24 at the same time; the models of the analog-to-digital conversion chips ADC1 and ADC2 are both AD8032, and the models of the single-chip microcomputer MCU1 and MCU2 are both STC89C52, produced by Analogdevices ; The model of the photocoupler V is PC817, produced by Sharp Company.

The present invention is also implemented through the following measures: the fixed contacts of the current increase key and the current decrease key are respectively connected to the P3.5 pin and the P3.4 pin of the single-chip microcomputer MCU2; the model of the single-chip microcomputer MCU2 is STC89C52.

The voltage display circuit of the battery is composed of digital tube LED1, digital tube LED2, resistor R31, resistor R32, triode VT7, and triode VT8. .7 pins, the position selection terminal is respectively connected to the collector of transistor VT7 and transistor VT8; the current display circuit of the storage battery is composed of digital tube LED3, digital tube LED4, resistor R33, resistor R34, triode VT9, triode VT10, digital tube LED3 and digital The segment selection terminal of tube LED4 is connected to P0.0 pin to P0.7 pin of single-chip microcomputer MCU1, and the bit selection terminal is respectively connected to the collector of triode VT9 and triode VT10; Resistor R36, triode VT11, and triode VT12 are composed. The segment selection terminals of the digital tube LED5 and the digital tube LED6 are connected to pins P0.0 to P0.7 of the single-chip microcomputer MCU1, and the bit selection terminals are respectively connected to the collectors of the triode VT11 and the triode VT12.

The discharge circuit is composed of field effect transistor DS1, resistor R5, and resistance wire R1. The drain of field effect transistor DS1 is connected to resistance wire R1, and the source is grounded; the gate of field effect transistor DS1 is connected to pin P2.7 of microcontroller MCU1 through resistor R5. .

In order to reduce the charging temperature, a cooling fan is also provided in the casing.

In this way, in the present invention, the positive and negative poles of the battery can be identified by the battery polarity identification circuit and the battery polarity conversion circuit, and the corresponding conversion is carried out. When the positive and negative poles of the battery and the positive and negative poles of the power supply When the connection is reversed, it can be automatically switched to charge the battery normally. At the same time, when the battery is not connected, the battery voltage identification circuit and the battery polarity identification circuit have no signal, so there is no voltage output on the load side, even if the load side is short-circuited. Short-circuit current, so it will not cause damage to the charging equipment; through the battery voltage identification circuit and the battery voltage conversion circuit, the automatic identification of the voltage range of the battery is realized, and adaptive conversion is performed. The invention is connected to 220V mains, and reaches the upper end of the control circuit through a transformer and a rectifier circuit. When charging, the P2.6 pin of the microcontroller MCU2 will generate millisecond-level square wave pulses, and the field effect tube will be turned on and off periodically, that is, charging pulses, to improve charging efficiency, and the duty cycle of the charging pulse can be adjusted to adjust the charging current. the size of. After the rechargeable battery is removed, the load side will be powered off immediately and the initial state will be restored. When the battery is fully charged, the power detection circuit of the battery sends a signal to the single-chip MCU2, which first enters the floating charge state, and then the single-chip MCU2 makes the energy-saving circuit completely cut off the power supply of the charging equipment. Charge. In addition, the present invention also has the function of repairing and activating the storage battery, which is mainly realized by charging and discharging. Press the function conversion key to automatically repair the storage battery. The single-chip microcomputer MCU2 first charges the storage battery. When the power is full, the single-chip microcomputer MCU2 controls the discharge circuit. Work, after the discharge is completed, it will charge the battery again, so that 2-3 cycles can achieve the purpose of activating and repairing the battery.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: compared with the current intelligent charging equipment for charging the storage battery, it can not only automatically control the charging, but also automatically identify the polarity and voltage of the storage battery, and automatically perform adaptive conversion, and can realize short-circuit zero-current protection , Automatic power off after full charge, and comes with repair and activation functions. It can be widely used for intelligent charging of various storage batteries.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the front view of the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the electrical schematic diagram of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Outer shell; 2. Power cord; 3. Charging terminal; 4. Circuit board; 5. Transformer; 6. Battery voltage range identification display window; 7. Battery charging current display window; 8. Battery Charging amount display window; 9. Discharging circuit; 10. Battery polarity identification circuit; 11. Battery voltage identification circuit; 12. Battery polarity conversion circuit; 13. Battery voltage conversion circuit; 14. Charging pulse generation circuit; 15. Energy saving Circuit; 16, battery voltage display circuit; 17, battery current display circuit; 18, battery power display circuit; 19, function conversion key; 20, current increase key; 21, current decrease key.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described with reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 . The multifunctional intelligent charging device includes an outer casing 1, a power cord 2, a charging terminal 3, a circuit board 4 and a transformer 5, the circuit board 4 is fixed in the outer casing 1, the transformer 5 is fixedly installed on the circuit board 4, and the charging terminal 3 The lead wire is connected from the output terminal on the circuit board 4, and it is characterized in that: the voltage range identification display window 6 of the storage battery, the charging current display window 7 of the storage battery and the charging amount display of the storage battery are arranged on the upper part of the upper surface of the outer casing 1 Window 8, through the battery voltage range identification display window 6, you can observe the allowable range of the charged battery voltage, through the battery charging current display window 7, you can observe the current value of the current charge, through the battery charge display window 8 can observe the current charged power; the lower part of the upper surface of the outer casing 1 is provided with a function conversion key 19, a current increase key 20 and a current decrease key 21; the circuit board 4 includes a battery polarity identification Circuit 10, battery voltage identification circuit 11, battery polarity conversion circuit 12, battery voltage conversion circuit 13, charging pulse generation circuit 14, energy-saving circuit 15, analog-to-digital conversion chips ADC1, ADC2, single-chip microcomputer MCU1, MCU2; Sex identification circuit 10 is made up of photocoupler V, diode D1 and resistor R13, pin 1 of photocoupler V is connected to pin P3.7 of microcontroller MCU2, pin 2 of photocoupler V is grounded, pin 3 of photocoupler V passes Resistor R13 is connected to the positive pole of terminal A of the battery, and connected to a corresponding positive pole contact of the rectifier bridge GB2, and pin 4 of the photocoupler V is connected to the negative pole of terminal B of the battery through diode D1, and connected to a corresponding negative pole contact of the rectifier bridge GB2; The battery voltage identification circuit 11 is composed of an analog-to-digital conversion chip ADC2, resistors R3, R4, and a rectifier bridge GB2. Pins 1 to 8 of the analog-to-digital conversion chip ADC2 are sequentially connected to pins P1.0 to P1.7 of the single-chip microcomputer MCU2 , and connect the P3.0 pin to the P3.7 pin of the single-chip microcomputer MCU1 at the same time, the 9 pin of the analog-to-digital conversion chip ADC2 is connected to a positive pole contact of the rectifier bridge GB2 through the resistor R3, and grounded through the resistor R4; the battery polarity conversion Circuit 12 is composed of triode VT5, triode VT6, resistor R11, resistor R12, diode D6, diode D7, relay J5 and relay J6, the collector of triode VT5 and the collector of triode VT6 are respectively connected to a contact of relay J5 and relay J6 , the diode D6 and the diode D7 are respectively connected in parallel with the relay J5 and the relay J6, the emitters of the triode VT5 and the triode VT6 are grounded, and the bases of the triode VT5 and the triode VT6 are respectively connected to the P2. .0 pin, and connect 5V power supply through resistance R28, resistance R29 simultaneously, another contact of relay J5 and relay J6 connects 12V power supply; Described storage battery voltage conversion circuit 13 is made up of triode VT2, triode VT3, triode VT4, relay J2 , following Electric appliance J3, relay J4, diode D3, diode D4, diode D5 and resistor R8, resistor R9, resistor R10 are composed, the collector of triode VT2, the collector of triode VT3 and the collector of triode VT4 are respectively connected to relay J2, relay J3 and A contact of relay J4, diode D3, diode D4 and diode D5 are connected in parallel with relay J2, relay J3 and relay J4 respectively, the emitters of triode VT2, triode VT3 and triode VT4 are grounded, the bases of triode VT2, triode VT3 and triode VT4 Connect the P2.4 pin, P2.3 pin and P2.2 pin of the MCU2 through the resistor R8, the resistor R9 and the resistor R10 respectively, and connect the 5V power supply through the resistor R25, the resistor R26 and the resistor R27 at the same time, and the relay J2 and the relay J3 The other contact of the relay J4 is connected to a 12V power supply; the charging pulse generating circuit 14 is composed of a field effect transistor DS2 and a resistor R6, and the gate of the field effect transistor DS2 is connected to the P2.6 pin of the single-chip microcomputer MCU2 through the resistor R6, and Simultaneously connect the 5V power supply by the resistor R23 that is drawn from single-chip microcomputer MCU2; Described energy-saving circuit 15 is made up of triode VT1, relay J1, diode D2 and resistor R7, and the collector of triode VT1 connects a contact of relay J1, diode D2 and relay J1 is connected in parallel, the base of the triode VT1 is connected to the P2.5 pin of the microcontroller MCU2 through the resistor R7, and is connected to the 5V power supply through the resistor R24 at the same time; the models of the analog-to-digital conversion chips ADC1 and ADC2 are both AD8032, and the microcontroller MCU1 is The models of MCU2 and MCU2 are both STC89C52, produced by Analogdevices; the model of the photocoupler V is PC817, produced by Sharp Company.

The present invention is also implemented through the following measures: the fixed contacts of the current increase key 20 and the current decrease key 21 are respectively connected to the P3.5 pin and the P3.4 pin of the single-chip microcomputer MCU2, and the current increase key 20 is pressed. Large, press the current reduction key 21 to reduce the current, thereby realizing the adjustment of the current; the models of the single-chip MCU2 are all STC89C52.

The voltage display circuit 16 of described storage battery is made up of nixie tube LED1, nixie tube LED2, resistance R31, resistance R32, triode VT7, triode VT8, nixie tube LED1 and nixie tube LED2 section selection end connection P0.0 pin of single-chip microcomputer MCU1 to P0.7 pin, position selection terminal is respectively connected the collector of triode VT7, triode VT8; The electric current display circuit 17 of accumulator is made up of digital tube LED3, digital tube LED4, resistance R33, resistance R34, triode VT9, triode VT10, digital tube LED3 And the segment selection terminal of the nixie tube LED4 is connected with the P0.0 pin to the P0.7 pin of the single-chip microcomputer MCU1, and the position selection end is respectively connected with the collector of the triode VT9 triode VT10; Resistor R35, resistor R36, triode VT11, and triode VT12 are composed. The segment selection terminals of digital tube LED5 and digital tube LED6 are connected to pins P0.0 to P0.7 of single-chip microcomputer MCU1, and the bit selection terminals are respectively connected to the collector of triode VT11 and triode VT12. .

The discharge circuit 9 is composed of a field effect transistor DS1, a resistor R5, and a resistance wire R1. The drain of the field effect transistor DS1 is connected to the resistance wire R1, and the source is grounded; the gate of the field effect transistor DS1 is connected to the P2.7 of the microcontroller MCU1 through the resistor R5 foot.

In order to reduce the charging temperature, a cooling fan is also provided in the outer casing 1 .

In this way, in the present invention, the positive and negative poles of the battery can be identified by the battery polarity identification circuit and the battery polarity conversion circuit, and the corresponding conversion is carried out. When the positive and negative poles of the battery and the positive and negative poles of the power supply When the connection is reversed, it can be automatically switched to charge the battery normally. At the same time, when the battery is not connected, the battery voltage identification circuit and the battery polarity identification circuit have no signal, so there is no voltage output on the load side, even if the load side is short-circuited. Short-circuit current, so it will not cause damage to the charging equipment; through the battery voltage identification circuit and the battery voltage conversion circuit, the automatic identification of the voltage range of the battery is realized, and adaptive conversion is performed. The present invention is connected to 220V mains, and reaches the upper end of the control circuit through a transformer 5 and a rectifier circuit. When charging, the P2.6 pin of the microcontroller MCU2 will generate millisecond-level square wave pulses, and the field effect tube will be turned on and off periodically, that is, charging pulses, to improve charging efficiency, and the duty cycle of the charging pulse can be adjusted to adjust the charging current. the size of. After the rechargeable battery is removed, the load side will be powered off immediately and the initial state will be restored. When the battery is fully charged, the power detection circuit of the battery sends a signal to the single-chip MCU2, which first enters the floating charge state, and then the single-chip MCU2 makes the energy-saving circuit completely cut off the power supply of the charging equipment. Charge. In addition, the present invention also has the function of repairing and activating the storage battery. Press the function conversion key 19 to automatically repair the storage battery. The single-chip MCU2 charges the storage battery first. When the battery is full, the single-chip MCU2 controls the discharge circuit to work. After discharging, The battery will be charged again, so that 2-3 cycles can achieve the purpose of activating and repairing the battery.

The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the 220V mains is divided into three different alternating currents through the transformer 5, namely 12V, 24V, and 36V. When the load side is not connected to the battery, the voltage identification and polarity identification circuits of the battery have no signal, so The polarity conversion circuit and the voltage conversion circuit do not work, and there is no voltage output on the load side A and B, even if A and B are short-circuited, there is no short-circuit current, thereby realizing short-circuit zero-current protection. When charging devices A and B are connected to the battery, regardless of whether A is positive and B is negative or B is positive and A is negative, the voltage will reach the series resistors R3 and R4 through the rectifier bridge GB2. The voltage is converted into a digital signal and sent to the single-chip MCU2, and the single-chip MCU2 makes a judgment after receiving the data sent by the ADC2, and then controls the voltage conversion circuit to work. The voltage of the battery pack is mostly 12V, 24V or 36V. If the single-chip MCU2 detects that the voltage at both ends of A and B is between 7 and 15V, the 12V voltage is used as the reference voltage, and the pin P2.4 outputs a high level, and the relay J2 Set, the charging voltage is converted to 12V, and 12V is displayed through the digital tubes LED1 and LED2 at the same time; if the single-chip microcomputer MCU2 detects that the voltage at both ends of A and B is between 17 and 28V, the 24V voltage is used as the reference voltage, and the pin P2 .3 Output high level, relay J3 is set, the charging voltage is converted to 24V, and the digital tubes LED1 and LED2 display 24V at the same time; The 36V voltage is used as the reference voltage, the pin P2.2 outputs a high level, the relay J4 is set, the charging voltage is converted to 36V, and the digital tubes LED1 and LED2 display 36V at the same time. After the single-chip MCU2 collects the voltage signal, it collects the polarity signal of the battery, so as to avoid being mistaken for B positive and A negative when there is no battery connected to the A and B terminals. The polarity identification circuit is composed of a diode D1, a photocoupler V, and a resistor R13. According to the characteristics of diodes and optocouplers, if A is connected to positive and B is connected to negative, the optocoupler V is turned on, and P3.7 of MCU2 becomes low level. 1 outputs high level, then J5 is set, so as to charge the battery normally, if B is connected to positive and A is connected to negative, the photocoupler V is not conducting, P3.7 of MCU2 is high level, and MCU2 detects P3. 7 is a high level, which will cause P2.0 to output a high level, then J6 will be set, and the battery will also be charged normally.

During normal charging, the P2.7 pin of MCU2 will send out a square wave pulse, so the field effect transistor DS1 will send out a charging pulse to prevent excessive air bubbles from being generated on the battery plate. When a charging current flows through the wire-wound resistor R2, there will be a voltage drop at both ends of the resistor R2. The greater the current flowing through the resistor R2, the greater the voltage drop. The analog-to-digital conversion chip sends the voltage signal at both ends of the resistor R2 to the microcontroller. MCU1, the single-chip MCU1 analyzes and calculates the voltage signal sent, and displays it through the digital tubes LED3 and LED4. When the battery is charging, the voltage will rise slowly, and the single-chip MCU1 will compare the voltage signal of the analog-to-digital converter ADC2 with the theoretical voltage value after the battery is fully charged, thereby calculating the current power of the battery (expressed as a percentage), and then through the digital tube LED3 and LED4 are displayed. The display circuit realizes multi-digit digital tube display through dynamic scanning. When the battery voltage reaches the threshold voltage, that is, when the battery is fully charged, P2.5 of the microcontroller MCU2 outputs a high level, and the relay J1 is set. Since the transformer 5 is connected to the normally closed contact of J1, the transformer 5 is disconnected after J1 is set. On, charging stops. After the rechargeable battery is removed, since the charging voltage is a pulse voltage, the voltage of the output terminals A and B must be zero. When the voltage is zero, the voltage at both ends of the resistor R4 is also zero. After the MCU2 detects the zero signal, each I/ The O port returns to the initial state, so the charging device also returns to the initial state, waiting for the access of the next set of rechargeable batteries.

In addition, this charging device also has the function of repairing and activating the storage battery. When the function conversion key 19 is pressed, the P3.6 of the single-chip MCU becomes low level. When the single-chip microcomputer detects that P3.6 is low level, it calls the internal repair Program, charge the battery first, turn off the charging device after it is fully charged, P2.7 outputs a high level, the field effect transistor DS1 is turned on, and the battery is discharged through the resistance wire R1, and the single-chip MCU2 detects that the battery voltage has dropped to a certain level through ADC1. After the value is set, that is, after the discharge is completed, turn off the DS1, and at the same time turn on the charging equipment to charge the battery. Perform 2 to 3 cycles in this way, and the purpose of activating and repairing the battery is achieved.

What needs to be added is that the working methods of MCU1 and MCU2 are determined by the written program. During power detection, when a 12V battery is connected, the single-chip MCU2 first recognizes the voltage of the battery, and then compares the current voltage of the battery with the theoretical voltage after the 12V battery is fully charged, thereby calculating the current power of the battery; When the battery is 24V, the single-chip MCU2 also recognizes the voltage of the battery first, and then compares the current voltage of the battery with the theoretical voltage after the 24V battery is fully charged, so as to calculate the current power of the battery; when the battery is 36V, it is the same principle . That is to say, no matter how many volts of battery is connected, the microcontroller will call out the corresponding voltage reference, and after calculation, it can accurately display the current power of the battery.

Claims (2)

1. Multifunctional intelligent charging device, comprise shell body (1), power line (2), charging terminal (3), circuit board (4) and transformer (5), circuit board (4) is fixed in the shell body (1), transformer (5) is fixedly mounted on the circuit board (4), the output of the wire of charging terminal (3) from the circuit board (4) connects, and it is characterized in that: the voltage range identification display window (6) that is provided with storage battery on the top of the upper face of shell body (1), the charging current display window (7) of storage battery and the charge volume display window (8) of storage battery; Be provided with function conversion key (19) in the bottom of the upper face of shell body (1), electric current increases key (20) and electric current reduces key (21); Comprise on the described circuit board (4) that accumulator polarity identification circuit (10), battery tension identification circuit (11), accumulator polarity change-over circuit (12), storage battery voltage conversion circuit (13), charging pulse produce circuit (14), energy-saving circuit (15) and modulus conversion chip ADC1, ADC2, single-chip microprocessor MCU 1, MCU2; Described accumulator polarity identification circuit (10) is comprised of photoelectrical coupler V, diode D1 and resistance R 13,1 pin of photoelectrical coupler V connects the P3.7 pin of single-chip microprocessor MCU 2, the 2 pin ground connection of photoelectrical coupler V, 3 pin of photoelectrical coupler V are rectified the utmost point by the A that resistance R 13 connects storage battery, and positive contact corresponding to of rectifier bridge GB2 connects, 4 pin of photoelectrical coupler V connect the B end negative pole of storage battery by diode D1, and connect with the corresponding negative contacts of rectifier bridge GB2; Described battery tension identification circuit (11), formed by modulus conversion chip ADC2 and resistance R 3, R4, rectifier bridge GB2,1 to 8 pin of modulus conversion chip ADC2 connects the P1.0 pin of single-chip microcomputer MCU2 successively to the P1.7 pin, and the P3.0 pin that meets simultaneously single-chip microcomputer MCU1 is to the P3.7 pin, 9 pin of modulus conversion chip ADC2 connect the positive contact of rectifier bridge GB2 by resistance R 3, and by resistance R 4 ground connection; Described accumulator polarity change-over circuit (12), by triode VT5, triode VT6, resistance R 11, resistance R 12, diode D6, diode D7, relay J 5 and relay J 6 form, the collector electrode of the collector electrode of triode VT5 and triode VT6 is succeeded respectively a contact of electrical equipment J5 and relay J 6, diode D6 and diode D7 are in parallel with relay J 5 and relay J 6 respectively, the grounded emitter of triode VT5 and triode VT6, the base stage of triode VT5 and triode VT6 connects respectively P2.1 pin and the P2.0 pin of single-chip microcomputer MCU2 by resistance R 11 and resistance R 12, and simultaneously by resistance R 28, resistance R 29 connects the 5V power supply, and another contact of relay J 5 and relay J 6 connects the 12V power supply; Described storage battery voltage conversion circuit (13), by triode VT2, triode VT3, triode VT4, relay J 2, relay J 3, relay J 4, diode D3, diode D4, diode D5 and resistance R 8, resistance R 9, resistance R 10 forms, the collector electrode of triode VT2, the collector electrode of the collector electrode of triode VT3 and triode VT4 is succeeded respectively electrical equipment J2, a contact of relay J 3 and relay J 4, diode D3, diode D4 and diode D5 respectively with relay J 2, relay J 3 and relay J 4 parallel connections, triode VT2, the grounded emitter of triode VT3 and triode VT4, triode VT2, the base stage of triode VT3 and triode VT4 is respectively by resistance R 8, resistance R 9 and resistance R 10 connect respectively the P2.4 pin of single-chip microcomputer MCU2, P2.3 pin and P2.2 pin, and simultaneously by resistance R 25, resistance R 26 and resistance R 27 connect the 5V power supply, relay J 2, another contact of relay J 3 and relay J 4 connects the 12V power supply; Described charging pulse produces circuit (14), is comprised of field effect transistor DS2 and resistance R 6, and the grid of field effect transistor DS2 connects the P2.6 pin of single-chip microcomputer MCU2 by resistance R 6, and connects the 5V power supply by the resistance R 23 of drawing from single-chip microprocessor MCU 2 simultaneously; Described energy-saving circuit (15), formed by triode VT1, relay J 1, diode D2 and resistance R 7, the contact of the collector connecting relay J1 of triode VT1, diode D2 is in parallel with relay J 1, the base stage of triode VT1 connects the P2.5 pin of single-chip microcomputer MCU2 by resistance R 7, and connects the 5V power supply by resistance R 24 simultaneously; The model of described modulus conversion chip ADC1 and ADC2 is AD803; The model of described single-chip microprocessor MCU 1 and MCU2 is STC89C52; The model of described photoelectrical coupler V is PC817.

2. Multifunctional intelligent charging device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described electric current increases P3.5 pin and P3.4 pin that fixed contact that key (20) and electric current reduce key (21) meets respectively single-chip microcomputer MCU2; The model of described single-chip microprocessor MCU 2 is STC89C52.

Images