CN202888869U - MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) photovoltaic charge and discharge controller using fuzzy algorithm - Google Patents
MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) photovoltaic charge and discharge controller using fuzzy algorithm Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of photovoltaic charge/discharge controller of power electronic technology, is specifically related to a kind of MPPT independent photovoltaic charging-discharging controller that utilizes fuzzy algorithmic approach.
Background technology
Along with becoming increasingly conspicuous of energy problem and environmental problem, more and more come into one's own as the solar energy of clean energy resource.In recent years, the research of solar energy power generating and application have had the growth of advancing by leaps and bounds, and become the study hotspot of new forms of energy.The factor of restriction solar photovoltaic generation system development mainly contains the manufacturing cost of Gao Mao and lower conversion efficiency.
In photovoltaic system, usually require the power output of photovoltaic cell to remain on maximum, namely allow photovoltaic cell be operated in maximum power point, thereby improve the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cell.MPPT is exactly one and constantly measures with continuous adjustment to reach optimum process, it does not need to know the accurate Mathematical Modeling of photovoltaic array, but in running, constantly change the setting value of controllable parameter, so that present operating point is close to peak power point gradually, make the photovoltaic system running near peak power point.
MPPT is a searching process in essence.By measuring voltage, electric current and power, compare the variation relation between them, determine the position relationship of present operating point and peak point, then control electric current (or voltage) and move to present operating point and peak power point, control at last electric current (or voltage) and near peak power point, swing back and forth in the certain limit.
The MPPT controller of FUZZY ALGORITHMS FOR CONTROL design can stablize, tracking photovoltaic array maximum power point efficiently; Simultaneously, in the situation that the system parameter disturbances such as intensity of sunshine, ambient temperature, the new working point of energy fast searching, keeping system is stable, utilizes malab emulation to show that the controller with respect to disturbance observation, conductance increment method shows good dynamic characteristic.Use the solar power system of MPPT controller to improve 50% than traditional efficient, but with factually border test, because surrounding environment influence and various energy loss, final efficient also can improve 20%-30%.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the above problem that prior art exists, and a kind of MPPT independent photovoltaic charging-discharging controller that utilizes fuzzy algorithmic approach is provided.
For realizing above-mentioned technical purpose, reach above-mentioned technique effect, the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of MPPT photovoltaic charge/discharge controller that utilizes fuzzy algorithmic approach, comprise solar battery array and batteries, be connected with controller between described solar battery array and the described batteries, described controller is connected with load circuit, described controller comprises MPPT controller, DC-DC translation circuit, described MPPT controller is powered by described batteries, for detection of voltage and the electric current of described solar battery array, and controls described DC-DC translation circuit; Described solar battery array goes out suitable voltage by the conversion of described DC-DC translation circuit and supplies with described batteries.
Further, described MPPT controller also connects a display module.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
The utility model utilizes the MPPT algorithm of improved fuzzy control, is the novel artifical nerve guide network technique, generates fuzzy control rule by measured data.Relative Perturbation observation, conductance increment method, fuzzy control has the power output of dynamically better and steady-state behaviour photovoltaic array then along with the rising of output voltage has a power output maximum point in fuzzy control.
Above-mentioned explanation only is the general introduction of technical solutions of the utility model, for can clearer understanding technological means of the present utility model, and can be implemented according to the content of specification, below with preferred embodiment of the present utility model and cooperate accompanying drawing to be described in detail as follows.Embodiment of the present utility model is provided in detail by following examples and accompanying drawing thereof.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present utility model, consists of the application's a part, and illustrative examples of the present utility model and explanation thereof are used for explaining the utility model, do not consist of improper restriction of the present utility model.In the accompanying drawings:
The composition of Fig. 1 photovoltaic generating system;
Fig. 2 MPPT control system block diagram;
Fig. 3 Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system figure;
Fig. 4 LCD1602 display interface circuit;
Fig. 5 voltage detecting circuit;
Fig. 6 current detection circuit;
Fig. 7 AD circuit;
Fig. 8 Boost translation circuit;
Fig. 9 systems soft ware master-plan block diagram;
Figure 10 fuzzy controller flow chart.
Number in the figure explanation: 1, solar battery array, 2, controller, 201, the MPPT controller, 202, the DC-DC translation circuit, 203, display module, 3, batteries, 4, load circuit.
Embodiment
Below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments, describe the utility model in detail.
With reference to shown in Figure 1, a kind of MPPT photovoltaic charge/discharge controller that utilizes mould lake algorithm, comprise solar battery array 1 and batteries 3, be connected with controller 2 between described solar battery array 1 and the described batteries 3, described controller 2 is connected with load circuit 4, described controller 2 comprises MPPT controller 201, DC-DC translation circuit 202, described MPPT controller 201 is by described batteries 3 power supplies, for detection of voltage and the electric current of described solar battery array 1, and control described DC-DC translation circuit 202; Described solar battery array 1 goes out suitable voltage by described DC-DC translation circuit 202 conversion and supplies with described batteries 3.
Further, described MPPT controller 201 also connects a display module 203.
1. photovoltaic system brief introduction
Photovoltaic generating system forms relevant with load, and DC load and AC load all comprise photovoltaic array, batteries, control circuit, and its system configuration as shown in Figure 1.The load of photovoltaic system can directly link to each other with storage battery if DC load does not contain inversion circuit, and the output voltage of storage battery is carried out offering load after liter (falling) presses.This type systematic is simple in structure, and is with low cost.Since the difference of load direct voltage, standardization and the compatibility, particularly household electricity of very difficult realization system, and load is mainly interchange, and direct current system also is difficult to realize being incorporated into the power networks.Therefore, exchange Photovoltaic Inverter and replacing gradually the direct current photo-voltaic power supply.The main difference that exchanges Photovoltaic Inverter system and direct current photovoltaic power supply system is to have added inverter between load and storage battery, and inverter has been born the function that direct voltage is converted into alternating voltage.
2. control system block diagram
Photovoltaic generating system is such strongly non-linear system just, and photovoltaic cell also is difficult to use accurate Mathematical Modeling to be described out, and the method for therefore attempting the employing fuzzy control is carried out the MPPT maximum power point tracking of solar cell.Angle of solar battery system mainly utilizes photovoltaic array, and solar energy is converted to electric energy, and with the DC-DC translation circuit, conversion goes out suitable voltage and supplies with the DC load use.Because the output of solar cell has not voltage stabilizing property, for obtaining continuous electric energy, sometimes also will add battery module, so that electric current and voltage is steady.For guaranteeing that the output of whole photovoltaic system is in maximum power point, improve the utilance of solar cell, design based on the MPPT controller of mould lake algorithm so that system is in maximum power point all the time.MPPT control system block diagram as shown in Figure 2.
3. single-chip minimum system design.
Native system design alternative STC90C54AD series monolithic, this single-chip microcomputer be a new generation of releasing of macrocrystalline science and technology super/at a high speed/single-chip microcomputer of low-power consumption, fully compatible traditional 8051 single-chip microcomputers of instruction code, 12 clocks/machine cycle and 6 clocks/machine cycle can be selected arbitrarily, inner integrated MAX810 Special reset circuit, clock frequency is when 12MHz is following, and resetting pin is ground connection directly.System power supply adopts 3 end integrated regulators 7805, and external filter capacitor provides.The electrify restoration circuit electrochemical capacitor is 22 μ F, and resistance is selected 10k, simultaneously at the electrochemical capacitor two ends and connect a button.External crystal-controlled oscillation is selected 12MHz, the trimmer of two ends two 30pF in parallel.The EA pin connects high voltage, to select internal program memory.The single-chip minimum system circuit as shown in Figure 3.
4.LCD display circuit design
The information that native system need to show mainly contains real-time voltage value, current value, performance number, duty ratio etc.
The output that single-chip microcomputer is commonly used mainly contains LED light-emitting diode, charactron, LCD liquid crystal display etc.The LCD demonstration has the advantages such as display quality is high, and digital interface is controlled conveniently, and volume is little, lightweight, and is low in energy consumption, makes it obtain to use widely in embedded system.Native system adopts LCD to show output, and display chip is chosen as LCD1602.
LCD1602 is the display of a digital interface, as long as command word is set during use, makes it be in corresponding working method, and the ASCII character of the character that will show is again given chip and got final product.So in circuit design, select the P0 mouth as parallel data line, because P0 mouth inside does not have pull-up circuit, can output HIGH voltage so connect connecting resistance outside needing.The control pin uses three port: P2.7 of P2 mouth to connect the RST pin of LCD, the R/W pin that P2.6 meets LCD, the E pin that P2.5 meets LCD, and physical circuit as shown in Figure 4.
5. electric current, voltage detecting circuit design
System needs in real time magnitude of voltage and the current value of detection photovoltaic array during operation, to carry out corresponding control.Although voltage and current all is electric weight, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system still can not directly be processed.Therefore at first current signal to be converted to voltage signal, and then voltage signal be transformed to the scope that Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system AD conversion chip can be accepted, be generally 0 ~ 5V.Tension measuring circuit adopts resistance and amplifier to form, so that it is in corresponding measuring range, voltage detecting circuit as shown in Figure 5 by regulating resistance R.
Current detecting is to utilize ACS712 to have accurate low biasing linear hall sensor circuit, and its current path made of copper is near the surface of wafer.The electric current that applies by this copper current path can generate the magnetic field that can be integrated the Hall IC induction and be converted into proportional voltage.By with the close Hall element of magnetic signal, realize the optimization of device accuracy.Accurate proportional voltage provides by stablizing the low biasing of chopper-type BiCMOS Hall IC, has carried out the accuracy programming when this IC dispatches from the factory.When constantly rising by the electric current as the main copper current path (from pin 1 and 2, to 3 and 4) of current sense path, the output of device has positive slope (〉 VIOUT (Q)).The interior resistance of this conduction path is 1.2 m Ω normally, have lower power consumption.The thickness of copper cash allow device can reach 5 * overcurrent condition under move.The terminals of conduction path and sensor pin (pin 5 to 8) are electric insulations, and current detection circuit as shown in Figure 6.Voltage, current detecting output signal are sent respectively 0 passage of AD conversion chip and 1 passage to carry out the AD conversion and are input to single-chip microcomputer and control.
6 .AD change-over circuits
Single-chip microcomputer can only processing digital signal, and the voltage signal amount of real system is analog quantity, because carrying out a bit the AD conversion.Select the TLC2543 of TI company to realize the AD conversion, this is a 12 Bits Serial, 11 passages, ultra high speed A/D conversion chip.When physical circuit connected, selector channel 0 was as the input of voltage signal, and passage 1 is inputted as current signal.The serial line interface line of TLC2543 chip mainly contains four, and concrete connection is that clock signal C LOCK meets single-chip microcomputer P10, and serial data input DIN meets single-chip microcomputer P11, and serial data output DOUT meets single-chip microcomputer P12, and chip selection signal CS2543 meets single-chip microcomputer P13.Only be connected with 4 lines between TLC2543 and the single-chip microcomputer, the reference voltage selection be Power of SCM System+5V.Physical circuit as shown in Figure 7.
7.Boost translation circuit
What system DC-DC circuit adopted is the Boost circuit, is the maximal power tracing control that realizes system, needs the conducting of regulating system switching tube and namely changes the size of duty ratio D deadline.Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system calculates the size of D by the internal control algorithm according to on-the-spot real time data, the method by pulse-width modulation PWM realizes the control to system.P22 output is adopted in pulse output, in order to reduce translation circuit to the interference of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, carries out the photoelectricity isolation in pulse output.Physical circuit as shown in Figure 8.
8. systems soft ware explanation
The Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system program mainly is divided into two parts, and namely main program and interrupt service routine are reasonably divided this two parts program, and be very important for whole system.Native system software mainly comprises system initialization, AD sampling, fuzzy control, pulse-width modulation output, shows output.The systems soft ware master-plan as shown in Figure 9.
In the middle of the design of native system, the main completion system initialize routine of main program, real time data sampling, design of Fuzzy Controller, display routine design.Calculate system duty cycle output by fuzzy control, use Interruption timer T0, finish the pwm signal conversion, and its interrupt priority level is made as height.The MPPT control core is the design of fuzzy controller, and the Fuzzy Control function diagram as shown in figure 10.
The above is preferred embodiment of the present utility model only, is not limited to the utility model, and for a person skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and variations.All within spirit of the present utility model and principle, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the protection range of the present utility model.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102611164A (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2012-07-25 | 苏州经贸职业技术学院 | MPPT (maximum power point tracking) photovoltaic charging-discharging controller by using fuzzy algorithm and control method thereof |
| TWI493317B (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2015-07-21 | Univ Kun Shan | Solar power generation devices, solar power generation methods, maximum power tracking module and maximum power tracking control method |
| CN105226737A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2016-01-06 | 浙江师范大学 | A kind of photovoltaic charged method of high recovery rate and device |
| CN105375518A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-03-02 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Fuzzy control method and system for photovoltaic maximum power point tracking (MPPT) |
| US9436201B1 (en) | 2015-06-12 | 2016-09-06 | KarmSolar | System and method for maintaining a photovoltaic power source at a maximum power point |
| CN108646241A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-10-12 | 河南聚合科技有限公司 | A kind of removable and static cloud platform on duty of solar energy |
-
2012
- 2012-03-30 CN CN 201220128147 patent/CN202888869U/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102611164A (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2012-07-25 | 苏州经贸职业技术学院 | MPPT (maximum power point tracking) photovoltaic charging-discharging controller by using fuzzy algorithm and control method thereof |
| TWI493317B (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2015-07-21 | Univ Kun Shan | Solar power generation devices, solar power generation methods, maximum power tracking module and maximum power tracking control method |
| CN105226737A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2016-01-06 | 浙江师范大学 | A kind of photovoltaic charged method of high recovery rate and device |
| US9436201B1 (en) | 2015-06-12 | 2016-09-06 | KarmSolar | System and method for maintaining a photovoltaic power source at a maximum power point |
| CN105375518A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-03-02 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Fuzzy control method and system for photovoltaic maximum power point tracking (MPPT) |
| CN108646241A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-10-12 | 河南聚合科技有限公司 | A kind of removable and static cloud platform on duty of solar energy |
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