CN102611164A - MPPT (maximum power point tracking) photovoltaic charging-discharging controller by using fuzzy algorithm and control method thereof - Google Patents
MPPT (maximum power point tracking) photovoltaic charging-discharging controller by using fuzzy algorithm and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a MPPT (maximum power point tracking) photovoltaic charging-discharging controller by using fuzzy algorithm. The MPPT photovoltaic charging-discharging controller comprises a solar cell array, and a battery pack, wherein a controller is connected between the solar cell array and the battery pack, and is connected with a load circuit; the controller includes a MPPT controller and a DC-DC (direct current) transformation circuit; the MPPT controller is powered by the battery pack and is used for detecting voltage and current of the solar cell array and controlling the DC-DC transformation circuit; and the solar cell array supplies a proper voltage transformed by the DC-DC transformation circuit to the battery pack. According to the invention, the improved MPPT fuzzy control algorithm is superior to fuzzy control in dynamic and stable performance, so that the output power of a photovoltaic array has a maximum output power point along with the rise of the output voltage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of photovoltaic charging-discharging controller of power electronic technology, be specifically related to a kind of MPPT independent photovoltaic charging-discharging controller that utilizes mould lake algorithm.
Background technology
Along with becoming increasingly conspicuous of energy problem and environmental problem, more and more come into one's own as the solar energy of clean energy resource.In recent years, the research of solar energy power generating and application have had the growth of advancing by leaps and bounds, and become the research focus of new forms of energy.The factor of restriction solar photovoltaic generation system development mainly contains the manufacturing cost of Gao Mao and lower conversion efficiency.
In photovoltaic system, require the power output of photovoltaic cell to remain on maximum usually, just let photovoltaic cell be operated in maximum power point, thereby improve the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cell.MPPT is exactly one and constantly measures and constantly adjust to reach optimum process; It need not know the photovoltaic array precise math model; But in running, constantly change the setting value of controllable parameter; Make present operating point gradually to peak power point near, make photovoltaic system running near peak power point.
MPPT is a searching process in essence.Through measuring voltage, electric current and power; Compare the variation relation between them; The position relation of decision present operating point and peak point; Control current (or voltage) moves to present operating point and peak power point then, and last Control current (or voltage) swings back and forth in the certain limit near peak power point.
The MPPT controller of FUZZY ALGORITHMS FOR CONTROL design can stablize, tracking photovoltaic array maximum power point efficiently; Simultaneously, under the situation of system parameters disturbances such as intensity of sunshine, ambient temperature, can seek new working point fast, keep system stability, utilize malab emulation to show that the controller with respect to disturbance observation, conductance increment method shows good dynamic characteristic.Use the solar power system of MPPT controller to improve 50%, but with border test factually, because surrounding environment influence and various energy loss, final efficient also can improve 20%-30% than traditional efficient.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the above problem that prior art exists, a kind of MPPT independent photovoltaic charging-discharging controller that utilizes mould lake algorithm is provided.
For realizing above-mentioned technical purpose, reach above-mentioned technique effect, the present invention realizes through following technical scheme:
A kind of MPPT photovoltaic charging-discharging controller that utilizes mould lake algorithm; Comprise solar battery array and batteries, be connected with controller between said solar battery array and the said batteries, said controller is connected with load circuit; Said controller comprises MPPT controller, DC-DC translation circuit; Said MPPT controller is supplied power by said batteries, is used to detect the voltage and the electric current of said solar battery array, and controls said DC-DC translation circuit; Said solar battery array goes out suitable voltage through the conversion of said DC-DC translation circuit and supplies with said batteries.
Further, said MPPT controller also connects a display module.
A kind of MPPT photovoltaic charge/discharge control method that utilizes mould lake algorithm may further comprise the steps:
The control table of step 1) storage membership function rule;
Step 2) conversion e (n), a (n-1) arrive E (n), A (n-1),
Step 3) is calculated the degree of membership of E (n), A (n-1);
Step 4) is got a regular reasoning;
Step 5) judges whether that reasoning finishes, otherwise returns step 4;
The gelatinization of step 6) reverse;
Step 7) conversion A (n) is to a (n).
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention utilizes the MPPT algorithm of improved fuzzy control, is by the artificial neural net method, generates fuzzy control rule by measured data.Relatively disturbance observation, conductance increment method, the fuzzy control method in fuzzy control have better dynamically and the power output of steady-state behaviour photovoltaic array then along with the rising of output voltage has a power output maximum point.
Above-mentioned explanation only is the general introduction of technical scheme of the present invention, understands technological means of the present invention in order can more to know, and can implement according to the content of specification, below with preferred embodiment of the present invention and conjunction with figs. specify as after.Embodiment of the present invention is provided by following examples and accompanying drawing thereof in detail.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, constitutes the application's a part, and illustrative examples of the present invention and explanation thereof are used to explain the present invention, do not constitute improper qualification of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
The composition of Fig. 1 photovoltaic generating system;
Fig. 2 MPPT control system block diagram;
Fig. 3 SCM system figure;
Fig. 4 LCD1602 display interface circuit;
Fig. 5 voltage detecting circuit;
Fig. 6 current detection circuit;
Fig. 7 AD circuit;
Fig. 8 Boost translation circuit;
Fig. 9 systems soft ware master-plan block diagram;
Figure 10 fuzzy controller flow chart.
Label declaration among the figure: 1, solar battery array, 2, controller, 201, the MPPT controller, 202, the DC-DC translation circuit, 203, display module, 3, batteries, 4, load circuit.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing and combine embodiment, specify the present invention.
With reference to shown in Figure 1; A kind of MPPT photovoltaic charging-discharging controller that utilizes mould lake algorithm; Comprise solar battery array 1 and batteries 3, be connected with controller 2 between said solar battery array 1 and the said batteries 3, said controller 2 is connected with load circuit 4; Said controller 2 comprises MPPT controller 201, DC-DC translation circuit 202; Said MPPT controller 201 is used to detect the voltage and the electric current of said solar battery array 1, and is controlled said DC-DC translation circuit 202 by said batteries 3 power supplies; Said solar battery array 1 goes out suitable voltage through said DC-DC translation circuit 202 conversion and supplies with said batteries 3.
Further, said MPPT controller 201 also connects a display module 203.
With reference to shown in Figure 10, a kind of MPPT photovoltaic charge/discharge control method that utilizes mould lake algorithm may further comprise the steps:
The control table of step 1) storage membership function rule;
Step 2) conversion e (n), a (n-1) arrive E (n), A (n-1),
Step 3) is calculated the degree of membership of E (n), A (n-1);
Step 4) is got a regular reasoning;
Step 5) judges whether that reasoning finishes, otherwise returns step 4;
The gelatinization of step 6) reverse;
Step 7) conversion A (n) is to a (n).
1. photovoltaic system brief introduction
Photovoltaic generating system is formed relevant with load, and DC load and AC load all comprise photovoltaic array, batteries, control circuit, and its system configuration is as shown in Figure 1.The load of photovoltaic system can directly link to each other with storage battery if DC load does not contain inversion circuit, and the output voltage of storage battery is carried out offering load after liter (falling) presses.This type systematic is simple in structure, and is with low cost.Since the difference of load direct voltage, the standardization and the compatibility, particularly household electricity of very difficult realization system, and load is mainly interchange, and direct current system also is difficult to realize being incorporated into the power networks.Therefore, exchange the photovoltaic inverter and replacing the direct current photo-voltaic power supply gradually.The main difference that exchanges photovoltaic inverter system and direct current photovoltaic power supply system is between load and storage battery, to have added inverter, and inverter has been born the function that direct voltage is converted into alternating voltage.
2. control system block diagram
The so just strongly non-linear system of photovoltaic generating system, photovoltaic cell also is difficult to use precise math model to be described out, therefore attempts adopting the method for fuzzy control to carry out the MPPT maximum power point tracking of solar cell.The independent photovoltaic system mainly utilizes the solar energy photovoltaic array, is electric energy with solar energy converting, and with the DC-DC translation circuit, conversion goes out suitable voltage and supplies with the DC load use.Because the output of solar cell has not voltage stabilizing property, for obtaining continuous electric energy, also will add battery module sometimes, so that electric current and voltage is steady.For guaranteeing that the output of whole photovoltaic system is in maximum power point, improve the utilance of solar cell, design based on the MPPT controller of mould lake algorithm so that system is in maximum power point all the time.MPPT control system block diagram is as shown in Figure 2.
3. single-chip minimum system design.
Native system design alternative STC90C54AD series monolithic; This single-chip microcomputer be a new generation of releasing of macrocrystalline science and technology ultra/at a high speed/single-chip microcomputer of low-power consumption; Fully compatible traditional 8051 single-chip microcomputers of instruction code, 12 clocks/machine cycle and 6 clocks/machine cycle can be selected arbitrarily, the special-purpose reset circuit of inner integrated MAX810; Clock frequency is when 12MHz is following, and resetting pin is ground connection directly.System power supply adopts 3 end integrated regulators 7805, and external filter capacitor provides.The electrify restoration circuit electrochemical capacitor is 22 μ F, and resistance is selected 10k for use, simultaneously at the electrochemical capacitor two ends and connect a button.External crystal-controlled oscillation is selected 12MHz, the trimmer of two 30pF of two ends parallel connection.The EA pin connects high voltage, to select internal program memory.The single-chip minimum system circuit is as shown in Figure 3.
4.LCD display circuit design
The information that native system need show mainly contains real-time voltage value, current value, performance number, duty ratio etc.
The output that single-chip microcomputer is commonly used mainly contains LED light-emitting diode, charactron, LCD liquid crystal display etc.Advantages such as LCD shows to have the display quality height, and digital interface is controlled conveniently, and volume is little, in light weight, and is low in energy consumption make it in embedded system, obtain to use widely.Native system adopts LCD to show output, and display chip is chosen as LCD1602.
LCD1602 is the display of a digital interface, as long as command word is set during use, makes it be in the corresponding work mode, and ASCII character that again will characters displayed is given chip and got final product.So in circuit design, select the P0 mouth as parallel data line, because P0 mouth inside does not have pull-up circuit, so need the outer connecting resistance that connect to make it can output HIGH voltage.The control pin uses three port: P2.7 of P2 mouth to connect the RST pin of LCD, the R/W pin that P2.6 meets LCD, the E pin that P2.5 meets LCD, and physical circuit is as shown in Figure 4.
5. electric current, voltage detecting circuit design
System needs the magnitude of voltage and the current value of detection solar energy photovoltaic array in real time during operation, to carry out corresponding control.Though voltage and current all is an electric weight, SCM system still can not directly be handled.Therefore at first to convert current signal into voltage signal, and then voltage signal transformed to the scope that SCM system AD conversion chip can be accepted, be generally 0 ~ 5V.Tension measuring circuit adopts resistance and amplifier to form, and makes it be in corresponding measuring range through regulating resistance R, and voltage detecting circuit is as shown in Figure 5.
Current detecting is to utilize ACS712 to have accurate low biasing linear hall sensor circuit, and its current path made of copper is near the surface of wafer.The electric current that applies through this copper current path can generate the magnetic field that can be integrated the Hall IC induction and be converted into proportional voltage.Through with magnetic signal near Hall element, realize the optimization of device accuracy.Accurate proportional voltage provides by stablizing the low biasing of chopper-type BiCMOS Hall IC, has carried out the accuracy programming when this IC dispatches from the factory.When constantly rising through the electric current as the main copper current path (from pin 1 and 2, to 3 and 4) of current sense path, the output of device has positive slope (> VIOUT (Q)).The interior resistance of this conduction path is 1.2 m Ω normally, have lower power consumption.The thickness of copper cash allow device can reach 5 * overcurrent condition move down.The terminals of conduction path and sensor pin (pin 5 to 8) are electric insulations, and current detection circuit is as shown in Figure 6.Voltage, current detecting output signal send 0 passage and 1 passage of AD conversion chip to carry out the AD conversion respectively and is input to single-chip microcomputer and controls.
6 .AD change-over circuits
Single-chip microcomputer can only processing digital signal, and the voltage signal amount of real system is an analog quantity, because of carrying out the AD conversion a bit.Select for use the TLC2543 of TI company to realize the AD conversion, this is a 12 Bits Serial, 11 passages, ultra high speed A chip.When physical circuit connected, selector channel 0 was as the input of voltage signal, and passage 1 is imported as current signal.The serial line interface line of TLC2543 chip mainly contains four, and specifically connecing method is that clock signal C LOCK meets single-chip microcomputer P10, and serial data input DIN meets single-chip microcomputer P11, and serial data output DOUT meets single-chip microcomputer P12, and chip selection signal CS2543 meets single-chip microcomputer P13.Only be connected between TLC2543 and the single-chip microcomputer with 4 lines, the reference voltage selection be SCM system power supply+5V.Physical circuit is as shown in Figure 7.
7.Boost translation circuit
What system DC-DC circuit adopted is the Boost circuit, is the maximal power tracing control that realizes system, needs the conducting of regulating system switching tube and promptly changes the size of duty ratio D deadline.SCM system obtains the size of D according to the on-site real-time data through the internal control algorithm computation, and the method through pulse-width modulation PWM realizes the control to system.P22 output is adopted in pulse output, in order to reduce the interference of translation circuit to SCM system, carries out photoelectricity in pulse output and isolates.Physical circuit is as shown in Figure 8.
8. systems soft ware explanation
The SCM system program mainly is divided into two parts, and promptly main program and interrupt service routine are reasonably divided this two parts program, and is very important for whole system.Native system software mainly comprises system initialization, AD sampling, fuzzy control, pulse-width modulation output, shows output.The systems soft ware master-plan is as shown in Figure 9.
In the middle of the design of native system, main program is mainly accomplished system initialization routine, real time data sampling, design of Fuzzy Controller, display routine design.Calculate system duty cycle output through fuzzy control, use regularly Abort Timer T0, accomplish the pwm signal conversion, and its interrupt priority level is made as height.MPPT control core is a The Design of Fuzzy Logic Controller, and fuzzy control function diagram is shown in figure 10.
The above is merely the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not limited to the present invention, and for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and variation.All within spirit of the present invention and principle, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. MPPT photovoltaic charging-discharging controller that utilizes mould lake algorithm; Comprise solar battery array (1) and batteries (3); Be connected with controller (2) between said solar battery array (1) and the said batteries (3); Said controller (2) is connected with load circuit (4), it is characterized in that: said controller (2) comprises MPPT controller (201), DC-DC translation circuit (202), and said MPPT controller (201) is supplied power by said batteries (3); Be used to detect the voltage and the electric current of said solar battery array (1), and control said DC-DC translation circuit (202); Said solar battery array (1) goes out suitable voltage through said DC-DC translation circuit (202) conversion and supplies with said batteries (3).
2. the MPPT photovoltaic charging-discharging controller that utilizes mould lake algorithm according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said MPPT controller (201) also connects a display module (203).
3. a MPPT photovoltaic charge/discharge control method that utilizes mould lake algorithm is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
The control table of step 1) storage membership function rule;
Step 2) conversion e (n), a (n-1) arrive E (n), A (n-1),
Step 3) is calculated the degree of membership of E (n), A (n-1);
Step 4) is got a regular reasoning;
Step 5) judges whether that reasoning finishes, otherwise returns step 4;
The gelatinization of step 6) reverse;
Step 7) conversion A (n) is to a (n).
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| CN103034250A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-10 | 青海骄阳新能源有限公司 | Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control system and MPPT control method of modular photovoltaic array |
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| CN105005350A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-10-28 | 安徽工程大学 | Self-powered solar controller |
| CN105375518A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-03-02 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Fuzzy control method and system for photovoltaic maximum power point tracking (MPPT) |
| US9436201B1 (en) | 2015-06-12 | 2016-09-06 | KarmSolar | System and method for maintaining a photovoltaic power source at a maximum power point |
| CN106950857A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-07-14 | 南通大学 | Photovoltaic cell MPPT emulation modes based on fuzzy logic control |
| TWI608870B (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-12-21 | 財團法人工業技術研究院 | Self-powered atomizer device |
| CN108168086A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-06-15 | 大连函量科技发展有限公司 | A kind of self-powered electric heating circulation system |
| CN110379361A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-10-25 | 苏州市职业大学 | The color LED dot matrix screen of photovoltaic power supply |
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| CN103034250A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-10 | 青海骄阳新能源有限公司 | Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control system and MPPT control method of modular photovoltaic array |
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| US9436201B1 (en) | 2015-06-12 | 2016-09-06 | KarmSolar | System and method for maintaining a photovoltaic power source at a maximum power point |
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| TWI608870B (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-12-21 | 財團法人工業技術研究院 | Self-powered atomizer device |
| CN106950857A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-07-14 | 南通大学 | Photovoltaic cell MPPT emulation modes based on fuzzy logic control |
| CN108168086A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-06-15 | 大连函量科技发展有限公司 | A kind of self-powered electric heating circulation system |
| CN110379361A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-10-25 | 苏州市职业大学 | The color LED dot matrix screen of photovoltaic power supply |
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Application publication date: 20120725 |