CN202778217U - Device for inhibiting PCDD/F in incinerating gases - Google Patents
Device for inhibiting PCDD/F in incinerating gases Download PDFInfo
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- CN202778217U CN202778217U CN 201220444793 CN201220444793U CN202778217U CN 202778217 U CN202778217 U CN 202778217U CN 201220444793 CN201220444793 CN 201220444793 CN 201220444793 U CN201220444793 U CN 201220444793U CN 202778217 U CN202778217 U CN 202778217U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a device for inhibiting PCDD/F (Polychlorinated dibenzopdioxins/dibenzofuran) in incinerating gases. The device comprises a waste heat boiler (1), a spraying and fluidifying quench tower (2) and an induced draft fan (3), the operation unit equipment is connected in sequence. A method adopting the device to inhibit PCDD/F in the incinerating gases comprises the following three courses: temperature reduction of flue gases at the high-temperature segment in a controllable manner, spraying and fluidifying quenching at the moderate-temperature segment and dust removal and absorption at the low-temperature segment. Within the safe-temperature interval range not generating PCDD/F, at first, high-temperature flue gases from an incinerator is reduced to the moderate-temperature segment by adopting a waste heat recovery method, and then quenching temperature reduction is implemented within the sensitive temperature region generating PCDD/F, so that the content of PCDD/F in the exhausted incinerating gases is greatly lower than the control index specified by the national standard. The device and the method adopted by the device, provided by the utility model, have the characteristics of controllable quenching time and temperature, excellent quenching effect, no solid waste and waste water and the like, and are suitable for purifying various waste incinerating gases so as to achieve emission reduction of PCDD/F.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to field of environment protection; relate to atmosphere pollution and reduce discharging the employed a kind of device of control technology; produce harmful substance when utilizing this device can reduce or suppress to burn various discarded object, be specifically related to a kind of device that suppresses to produce in the incineration flue gas dioxin.
Technical background
Dioxin (at present in chemical field still with the “ bioxin " appellation is common) compounds is many chloros dibenzo dioxin (Polychlorinated dibenzopdioxins PCDDs) and many chloros dibenzofurans (Polychlorinated dibenzofuran; general name PCDFs) (being abbreviated as PCDD/F); be one of compound of present known toxicity maximum, and have irreversible carcinogenic, teratogenesis, mutagenesis " three intoxicatings ".Dioxin is highly stable, just begin more than 700 ℃ to decompose, high temperature degradation needs more than 1100 ℃, the smelting of castoff burning and iron and steel and non-ferrous metal is the primary two class emission sources in the dioxin ten large emission source classifications, comprise in the world that about the control to dioxin POPs 127 countries and regions of China have signed " about the Convention of Stockholm of persistence organic pollutant " (be called for short POPs pact), this pact has mandatory reduction of discharging requirement, each contracting party should take necessary measure, use best practicable technology/suitable environment and put into practice (BAT/BEP), to realize the target of control of dioxins and reduction of discharging.
The mechanism that produces dioxin in the castoff burning process mainly contains three kinds: 1) high temperature is synthetic, enters into the refuse of incinerator because temporary anoxic makes partial organic substances generate PCDD/F with hcl reaction.2) low temperature is from the beginning synthetic, and the organochlorine under cryogenic conditions in carbon, hydrogen, oxygen molecule and the flying dust matrix generates PCDD/F.3) predecessor is synthetic, the inhomogeneous catalytic reaction on imperfect combustion and flying dust surface can form multiple organic gas phase predecessor, such as polystream phenol and diphenyl ether, generate PCDD/F by these predecessors again, concrete which kind of mechanism plays a major role depends on the type of furnace, duty and burning condition, and having in a word organochlorine or inorganic chlorine in the incinerator, having oxygen, have transition-metal cation is the prerequisite that generates PCDD/F as catalyst.There are some researches show that (250 ℃～500 ℃) are the sensitive temperature zones that generates PCDD/F between intensification or cooling area, therefore will effectively control the synthetic of PCDD/F and must reduce incineration flue gas in this regional time of staying as far as possible.
The method of existing domestic and international elimination PCDD/F mainly comprises: 1) charcoal absorption: adopt granular activated carbon bed or the PCDD/F that sprays in the activated carbon powder foot couple flue gas in the flue adsorbs, the method just PCDD/F has been carried out shifting and the cooperations such as common and dedusting washing use, and absorption has the active carbon of PCDD/F also need to process again; The method complex process, operating cost is higher.2) catalytic oxidation: under the effect of catalyst to flue gas in PCDD/F decompose, but catalyst poisons easily, it is high to process tolerance small scale and operating cost.3) adopt electron beam irradiation or plasma high-temperature to decompose: such technological merit is operating process weak point consuming time, and system is light, but because the voltage of generation electron beam is very high and disposal ability is limited, is difficult to realize industrial applications.So far, lack effective ways and the device that a kind of industrial practicality, technique simply suppress again to produce in the incineration flue gas dioxin.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model the device that produces dioxin is provided to provide in a kind of establishment incineration flue gas and adopts this device to process the method for high temperature incineration flue gas, and is higher or be difficult to the problem such as industrial applications to solve complex process, operating cost that existing incineration flue gas process for treating dioxin exists.
The inventor confirms that by research the dioxin in the waste incineration flue gas mainly comes from the overstand of incineration flue gas in the sensitive temperature zone that produces dioxin.For this problem, the inventor utilizes the high characteristics of fluid-bed heat transfer efficient, developed a kind of method and set treatment device that suppresses to produce in the incineration flue gas dioxin, use the generation that this device is processed that high-temperature flue gas can make the incineration flue gas chilling period and temperature is controlled, chilling is effective, greatly suppressed dioxin, processing procedure produces without useless solid, waste liquid.
The using method of this device comprises: in the incineration flue gas temperature-fall period, adopt the cooling of spray-fluidized quench tower chilling, make incineration flue gas time of staying of the sensitive temperature segment that generates dioxin less than 0.1s.
In order to realize better the purpose of this utility model and to take full advantage of the heat of high temperature incineration flue gas, the method that adopts device of the present utility model to suppress to produce in the incineration flue gas dioxin comprises following three segmentation process: high temperature section flue gas control cooling, middle-temperature section spray-fluidized chilling and low-temperature zone dedusting are absorbed.At the safe temperature interval range that can not produce dioxin, recommend adoption waste heat recovery mode will be down to middle-temperature section (such as 550-650 ℃) from the high-temperature flue gas (usually above 1100 ℃) of incinerator first, then implement (200 ℃ or lower of chilling coolings in the sensitive temperature zone that generates dioxin, such as 120-200 ℃), thus guarantee that the content of dioxin in the incineration flue gas of discharging is significantly less than the control index (0.5TEQng/m of national Specification
3, GB18484-2001).Yet if do not consider the factor (for example waste heat recovery can byproduct steam) of UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, energy regeneration, the high temperature section cooling also can adopt other modes, join such as Venturi tube and pass into air cooling-down etc. and all be fine.
The utility model provides a cover to process the device of high temperature incineration flue gas, and comprising: waste heat boiler (1), spray-fluidized quench tower (2), air-introduced machine (3), above-mentioned each operating unit equipment is linked in sequence successively.Use this device, high-temperature flue gas from incinerator (4) passes through residual heat boiler for exchanging heat, enter the spray-fluidized quench tower after temperature is down to 550-650 ℃, being used as power and spraying into cooling water in the tower with air-introduced machine makes flue gas be cooled to rapidly 120-200 ℃ in the time at 0.1s; Flue-gas dust removal and purification behind the chilling, deliver to chimney through air-introduced machine and enter atmosphere, the fine dust of capture returns in the spray-fluidized quench tower; Whole operating system is negative pressure, suitable operating pressure scope is-3000Pa is to-7000Pa(gauge pressure).The cooling water that sprays in the tower also can adopt alkaline water, for example utilize some produce in the alkaline waste water of discharging make cooling water, so both can in and the acidic components in the flue gas, reduced again three waste discharge, the while saving water resource.
The spray-fluidized quench tower that the utility model adopts is tower fluidized-bed structure, comprises hot air chamber (a), fluidising chamber (b), distribution grid (c), atomizer (d) and five major parts of deduster (e), also comprises charging aperture (f) and discharging opening (g).The primary structure of spray-fluidized quench tower is characterized as:
1) bottom of spray-fluidized quench tower is the hot air chamber that certain conditioned space is arranged of tangent line air intake, and the middle part is the gas-solid phase fluidising chamber that connects direct tube section under the back taper, and deduster is equipped with on top; Establish distribution grid in the middle of hot air chamber and the fluidising chamber in order to carry the inertia fluidizing agent and to distribute the hot blast (warm flue gas namely) of regulating from hot air chamber; The atomizer that sprays cooling fluid is arranged in fluidising chamber.The spray-fluidized quench tower that the utility model adopts has chilling, udst separation in the function of one.
2) distribution grid (c) version is porous type or cone hat type or cover-plate type; The perforate mode of distribution grid is circular, equilateral triangle or square arrangement; The percent opening scope of distribution grid is 3-9%.
3) atomizer of sprinkling cooling fluid can be upper-spraying type or following spray, and magnitude setting can be single or branched uniform; When arranging a plurality of atomizer, can be that the single or multiple lift mode is arranged; The atomizer structure form can be two streamings or pressure type.The preferred two streaming atomizers that adopt, the gas-liquid mass ratio of two streaming atomizers is 0.1 ~ 1.0, the atomizing angle of nozzle is 30 ° ~ 120 °.
Heat exchange between the fluidizing agent of filling reinforcement flue gas and atomized water divide in the spray-fluidized quench tower, greatly shorten the flue gas chilling period, can select diameter is the inert particle of 1-2mm, and these inert particles can be selected from but be not limited to river sand, quartz sand, bead, inorganic salts (such as sodium chloride, sodium sulphate, calcium hydroxide) etc.Under air-introduced machine and distribution grid effect, fluidizing velocity keeps inert particle to be in the stabilization fluid state in the 0.5-2.5m/s scope in the control tower.The loadings of inert particle determines that according to the flue gas treating capacity this point is appreciated by those skilled in the art.
After the flue gas of process high temperature section enters spray-fluidized quench tower hot air chamber, atomizer begins to spray into cooling water in the fluidisation quench tower, the required atomizing medium of spraying derives from air compressor machine, the cooling water that sprays into and flue gas are counter current contacting in the quench tower fluid bed, make the flue gas that comes from the high temperature section temperature controlling instruments when passing distribution grid and solid inert carrier bed, be cooled to 120～200 ℃ by the liquid moment (0.1s is in the time) through atomizing, it is synthetic greatly to have suppressed in the temperature-fall period dioxin secondary, realizes gas cleaning.According to the Acidity of Aikalinity of flue gas, also can be suitably in the fluidization tower some alkalescence of spraying or acid waste water, ensure that in cooling emission meets the control index of GB18484-2001.
On the spray-fluidized quench tower differential pressure transmitter is housed, can reflects qualitatively amount and the fluidized state of inert particle in the bed, can replenish inert particle in the tower or upgrade by charge door and discharge gate when occurring the larger variation of pressure reduction in the fluid bed.When quench tower internal drop during less than 2500Pa, need to replenish inert particle by charge door; When quench tower internal drop during greater than 7000Pa, need to inert particle suitably be discharged by discharge gate.The interior best controlled pressure of quench tower is poor to be 3500Pa to 4500Pa.
Be equipped with on the spray-fluidized quench tower temperature instrumentation and with inlet valve interlocking, automatically regulate injection flow rate according to the bed operating temperature.
The device that utilizes the spray-fluidized technology to suppress generation dioxin in the incineration flue gas that the utility model provides has following advantage:
1) applied widely, can be applicable to waste incineration, industrial waste incineration, daily handling ability all can be carried out several tons of burnings to all size of hundreds of ton;
2) effect is good, is lower than 0.1TEQng/m through dioxin harmful substance contents in the flue gas after the device processing of the present utility model
3, realized dioxin emission reducing;
3) simple to operate, the spray-fluidized quench tower is controlled to chilling period and the temperature of smoke treatment, and chilling is effective;
4) flow process is short, the device stable and reliable operation;
5) without useless solid, waste water generation, avoided the trouble of generation and the processing of secondary pollution.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the device flow chart of processing the high temperature incineration flue gas.
Fig. 2 is spray-fluidized quench tower structural representation.
The specific embodiment
In conjunction with Figure of description the utility model is further described, so that understand better the utility model.Yet the utility model only limits to absolutely not this, in the claim limited range, change to pattern, structure and the operating condition of spray-fluidized quench tower realizes that the process of high-temperature flue gas chilling belongs to the utility model category, all can effectively control the content of dioxin in the emission.
Take domestic certain agricultural chemicals enterprise as example.This enterprise adopts waste liquid and the solid waste that produces in the rotary kiln type incinerator process for producing, wherein contain chemical substance and comprise organic chloride and butter etc., the device daily handling ability is that 72 tons of solid slags wherein contain the organic amount 15% of incendivity, 12 tons of calorific value 21000Kj/kg of waste liquid.The flue gas that the waste residue pyrolysis produces is in dual firing chamber's high-temperature process, 1100～1200 ℃ of incineration temperatures, and time of staying 2s burns the about 26000Nm of exhaust gas volumn that produces
3/ h.Adopt that the utility model provides device and using method above-mentioned flue gas is carried out purified treatment.
Screening is chosen grain diameter at the river sand of 1-2mm, actual measurement bulk density 1200kg/m
3, critical fludization velocity 0.34m/s; Join in the spray-fluidized quench tower of diameter 2.4m, high 8m the about 1800kg of addition by dog-house; Fluidisation quench tower distribution grid adopts capping type, percent opening 6%, fluidizing velocity is controlled at 1.4-1.5m/s, river sand in air-introduced machine effect fluidized bed at elevated is the stabilization fluid state, be evenly arranged 6 atomized water atomizing devices around the fluid bed, with compressed air as atomizing medium, gas liquid ratio 0.3(w/w), 60 ° of atomizing angles.High-temperature flue gas from incinerator passes through first heat pipe waste heat boiler, enters spray-fluidized quench tower hot air chamber after being down to flue-gas temperature about 600 ℃, rises to fluidising chamber again; Spray into cooling water in the fluidising chamber continuously and make flue gas obtain chilling, the water yield control fluidising chamber temperature that sprays into by adjusting remains on about 150 ℃; Send into chimney by air-introduced machine behind the sack cleaner separation fine dust of flue gas after the cooling by quench tower top, the dust that sack cleaner is collected returns fluidising chamber.Adopt above-mentioned purification method, byproduct steam (1.0MPa) 8.0t/h, the effective chilling period of flue gas＜0.1 second, flue gas sampling analysis after processing, dioxins concentration＜0.1TEQng/m
3
Claims (8)
1. device of processing the high temperature incineration flue gas, it is characterized in that: comprise waste heat boiler (1), spray-fluidized quench tower (2), air-introduced machine (3), above-mentioned each operating unit equipment is linked in sequence successively.
2. according to device claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: spray-fluidized quench tower (2) is tower fluidized-bed structure, comprises hot air chamber (a), fluidising chamber (b), distribution grid (c), atomizer (d) and five major parts of deduster (e); Spray-fluidized quench tower bottom is the hot air chamber that certain conditioned space is arranged of tangent line air intake, and the middle part is the gas-solid phase fluidising chamber that connects direct tube section under the back taper, and deduster is equipped with on top; Establish distribution grid in the middle of hot air chamber and the fluidising chamber in order to carry the inertia fluidizing agent and evenly to distribute from the hot blast of hot air chamber; The atomizer that sprays cooling fluid is arranged in fluidising chamber.
3. the device of stating according to claim 2 is characterized in that: distribution grid (c) version is porous type, cone hat type or cover-plate type; The perforate mode of distribution grid is circular, equilateral triangle or square arrangement; The percent opening scope of distribution grid is 3-9%.
4. according to device claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: atomizer (d) for upper-spraying type or following spray, single or branched uniform, the single or multiple lift mode is arranged; The atomizer structure form is two streamings or pressure type.
5. according to device claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: described atomizer (d) version is two streamings, and the gas-liquid mass ratio of two streaming atomizers is 0.1 ~ 1.0, and the atomizing angle of nozzle is 30 ° ~ 120 °.
6. according to device claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the inertia fluidizing agent of filling is the inert particle of 1-2mm in the spray-fluidized quench tower, and described inert particle is selected from river sand, quartz sand, bead or inorganic salts; Under air-introduced machine and the effect of distribution grid cloth wind, fluidizing velocity keeps inert particle to be in the stabilization fluid state in the 0.5-2.5m/s scope in the control tower.
7. according to the purposes of the described device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: suppress the generation of dioxin when processing the high temperature incineration flue gas.
8. according to the purposes of the described device of claim 7, it is characterized in that adopting following methods to process adopts following methods to process the high temperature incineration flue gas: the high-temperature flue gas from incinerator passes through waste heat boiler (1) heat exchange, enter spray-fluidized quench tower (2) after temperature is down to 550-650 ℃, being used as power and spraying into cooling water in the tower take air-introduced machine (3) is being cooled to rapidly 120-200 ℃ as supplementary means makes flue gas less than 0.1s in the time; Flue-gas dust removal and purification behind the chilling, deliver to chimney through air-introduced machine and enter atmosphere, the fine dust of capture returns in the spray-fluidized quench tower (2); Whole operating system is negative pressure, and suitable operating pressure scope is-and 3000Pa is to-7000Pa.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220444793 CN202778217U (en) | 2012-09-03 | 2012-09-03 | Device for inhibiting PCDD/F in incinerating gases |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220444793 CN202778217U (en) | 2012-09-03 | 2012-09-03 | Device for inhibiting PCDD/F in incinerating gases |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN202778217U true CN202778217U (en) | 2013-03-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 201220444793 Expired - Lifetime CN202778217U (en) | 2012-09-03 | 2012-09-03 | Device for inhibiting PCDD/F in incinerating gases |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103657343A (en) * | 2012-09-03 | 2014-03-26 | 中国中化股份有限公司 | Method and device for inhibiting generation of dioxin from incineration flue gas |
| CN106765266A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-05-31 | 中冶华天南京工程技术有限公司 | A kind of dangerous waste incineration flue gas multiple-effect cooling treatment technique and system |
-
2012
- 2012-09-03 CN CN 201220444793 patent/CN202778217U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103657343A (en) * | 2012-09-03 | 2014-03-26 | 中国中化股份有限公司 | Method and device for inhibiting generation of dioxin from incineration flue gas |
| CN103657343B (en) * | 2012-09-03 | 2016-02-03 | 中国中化股份有限公司 | A kind ofly suppress the method and the device that produce dioxin in incineration flue gas |
| CN106765266A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-05-31 | 中冶华天南京工程技术有限公司 | A kind of dangerous waste incineration flue gas multiple-effect cooling treatment technique and system |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20130313 Effective date of abandoning: 20160203 |
|
| C25 | Abandonment of patent right or utility model to avoid double patenting |