CN202709316U - Vertical-type air conditioner - Google Patents
Vertical-type air conditioner Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN202709316U CN202709316U CN 201220389738 CN201220389738U CN202709316U CN 202709316 U CN202709316 U CN 202709316U CN 201220389738 CN201220389738 CN 201220389738 CN 201220389738 U CN201220389738 U CN 201220389738U CN 202709316 U CN202709316 U CN 202709316U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- wind component
- housing parts
- air conditioner
- air
- component
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn - After Issue
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a vertical-type air conditioner. An air indoor unit of the air conditioner comprises a base, a shell component, a heat exchanger, a fan, a first air exhaust component, a second air exhaust component and a rotating mechanism, wherein the shell component is supported on the base and is provided with an air inlet; the heat exchanger and the fan are arranged in the shell component; the first air exhaust component is arranged between the lower end of the shell component and the base and can rotate around a central axis of the shell component; the second air exhaust component is arranged at the upper end of the shell component and can rotate around the central axis of the shell component; the rotating mechanism is used for driving the first air exhaust component and the second air exhaust component; the first air exhaust component is provided with a first air outlet; the second air exhaust component is provided with a second air outlet; and the fan is used for selectively supplying air to the first air outlet and the second air outlet. The vertical-type air conditioner provided by the utility model realizes rapid heating and rapid refrigeration and improves the comfort level of the air conditioner; and in addition, the first air exhaust component and the second air exhaust component are hidden at the back of the indoor unit of the air conditioner when not being used, so that appearance integration is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to air-conditioner, particularly relates to a kind of floor air conditioner.
Background technology
The indoor set of existing floor air conditioner comprises base, housing parts, heat exchanger and blower fan, housing parts is installed on the base, be provided with air inlet and air outlet at housing parts, heat exchanger covers the air inlet place of housing parts, blower fan comprises fan blade and motor, and fan blade is between heat exchanger and air outlet.But, the air outlet of the indoor set of existing floor air conditioner all is arranged on the sidewall of housing parts, during refrigeration, easily move down because air is heavier, cause the cold air on top, room less, refrigeration is slow, and when heating, because air moves up more easily, cause the hot-air of bottom, room less, heat slowly, affect the comfortableness that air-conditioning uses.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned prior art present situation, technical problem to be solved in the utility model is, the floor air conditioner that a kind of fast-refrigerating is provided and heats fast, the comfortableness of using to improve air-conditioning.
The technical scheme that above-mentioned first technical problem that solves the utility model adopts is: a kind of floor air conditioner, the indoor set of this air-conditioner comprises base, be supported in the housing parts with air inlet on this base and be arranged at this housing parts interior heat exchanger and blower fan, described indoor set also comprises and is arranged at the first wind component between described housing parts lower end and the described base and that can rotate around the central axis of described housing parts, be arranged at the second wind component described housing parts upper end and that can rotate around the central axis of described housing parts and drive this first wind component and the rotating mechanism of this second wind component, be provided with the first air outlet that is communicated with the inner chamber of described housing parts at described the first wind component, be provided with the second air outlet that is communicated with the inner chamber of described housing parts at described the second wind component, described blower fan is optionally to described the first air outlet and the air-supply of described the second air outlet.
Among embodiment, described blower fan comprises the first blower fan and the second blower fan therein, and this first blower fan and this second blower fan are arranged at respectively bottom and the top of described housing parts, and this first blower fan and these optionally opening and closing of the second blower fan.
Therein among embodiment, described the first blower fan comprises the first drive motors and the first fan blade, described the first fan blade is mixed flow fan blade, axial-flow leaf or through-flow fan blade, described the second blower fan comprises the second drive motors and the second fan blade, and described the second fan blade is mixed flow fan blade, axial-flow leaf or through-flow fan blade.
Therein among embodiment, described housing parts is cylindric, described the first wind component and described the second wind component also are cylindric, and described the first air outlet and described the second air outlet are arranged at respectively on the sidewall of described the first wind component and described the second wind component.
Among embodiment, in described the first air outlet and described the second air outlet, be respectively arranged with the first wind deflector and the second wind deflector therein.
Among embodiment, described air inlet is the grating type air inlet therein.
Among embodiment, described the first wind component also comprises electrical auxiliary heater therein.
Among embodiment, described electrical auxiliary heater is ceramic PTC or tube-type electric heater therein.
Among embodiment, described the first wind component and described the second wind component can rotate with respect to described housing parts therein.
Therein among embodiment, described rotating mechanism comprises be used to driving the first rotating mechanism that described the first wind component rotates and being used for driving the second rotating mechanism that described the second wind component rotates.
Therein among embodiment, described the first rotating mechanism comprises the first motor, the first internal gear and the first external gear, described the first internal gear is fixedly mounted on the lower end of described the first wind component, described the first external gear is installed on the output shaft of described the first motor, and meshes with described the first internal gear; State the second rotating mechanism and comprise the second motor, secondary annulus and the second external gear, described secondary annulus is fixedly mounted on the lower end of described the second wind component, described the second external gear is installed on the output shaft of described the second motor, and meshes with described secondary annulus.
Therein among embodiment, described the first wind component, described the second wind component are fixedly connected with described housing parts, and described the first wind component, described the second wind component and described housing parts can rotate with respect to the central axis of described housing parts.
Therein among embodiment, described the first wind component, described the second wind component and described housing parts are one-body molded, and described the first wind component, described the second wind component and described housing parts can rotate with respect to the central axis of described housing parts.
Compared with prior art, floor air conditioner provided by the utility model, it has first wind component that is used to hot blast of bottom and second wind component that is used to cold wind on top, because hot blast density is low, progressively up move, so hot blast can improve whole space temperature rapidly behind the first wind component, because cold wind density is large, progressively sink, so cold wind can reduce whole space temperature to get off rapidly behind the second wind component.This shows, by floor air conditioner provided by the utility model, realize heating fast and fast-refrigerating, improved the comfortableness that air-conditioning uses; And the first wind component and the second wind component all can rotate, and can be hidden in like this back side of indoor apparatus of air conditioner when the first wind component and the second wind component do not use, and realize overall appearance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of the indoor set of the floor air conditioner among the utility model embodiment one;
Fig. 2 is the exploded view of the indoor set of air-conditioner shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the front view of indoor set when heating of air-conditioner shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the flow process distribution sectional view of indoor set when heating of air-conditioner shown in Fig. 1;
The front view of the indoor set of air-conditioner shown in Fig. 5 Fig. 1 when refrigeration;
Fig. 6 is the flow process distribution sectional view of indoor set when refrigeration of air-conditioner shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 7 is the front view of indoor set when off-mode of air-conditioner shown in Fig. 1.
Among above each figure, 1-base, 2-housing parts, the 21-air inlet, 3-heat exchanger, 4-the first fan blade, 5-the second fan blade, 6-the first wind component, 61-the first air outlet, 62-the first wind deflector, 7-the second wind component, 71-the second air outlet, 72-the second wind deflector, 8-the first internal gear, 9-the first external gear.
The specific embodiment
Also in conjunction with the embodiments the utility model is elaborated below with reference to accompanying drawing.Need to prove, in the situation that do not conflict, below feature among each embodiment and the embodiment can mutually make up.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the indoor set of the floor air conditioner in the present embodiment comprises base 1, housing parts 2, heat exchanger 3, the first blower fan, the second blower fan, the first wind component 6, the second wind component 7 and rotational structure, wherein, base 1 mainly is the effect that water and automatically controlled aspect place of realize supporting, run in.Housing parts 2 in the present embodiment is cylindric, is used for inner part seal protection in addition, and is provided with air inlet 21 at this housing parts 2, realizes air inlet function, and air inlet 21 is preferably the grating type air inlet.Heat exchanger 3 is covered in air inlet 21 places of housing parts 2.It is U-shaped arc shape that heat exchanger 3 cooperates flow Field Design, also can be designed to plane, V-type, the various shape such as trapezoidal, thereby improve heat exchange efficiency.
The first wind component 6 and the second wind component 7 are used for going out respectively hot blast and go out cold wind, the first wind component 6 is arranged between the lower end and base 1 of housing parts 2, and can rotate with respect to housing parts 2 around the central axis of housing parts 2, be provided with the first air outlet 61 that is communicated with the inner chamber of described housing parts 2 at this first wind component 6.The second wind component 7 is arranged at described housing parts 2 upper ends, and can rotate around the central axis of described housing parts 2, is provided with the second air outlet 71 that is communicated with the inner chamber of described housing parts 2 at this second wind component 7.Preferably, in order to make appearance looks elegant, the first wind component 6 and the second wind component 7 are cylindric, and the first air outlet 61 and the second air outlet 71 are arranged at respectively on the sidewall of described the first wind component 6 and described the second wind component 7.Preferably, wind deflector up and down about being provided with respectively the first wind deflector 62 and the second wind deflector 72, the first wind deflectors 62 and the second wind deflector 72 being preferably in described the first air outlet 61 and described the second air outlet 71 is to realize air-supply on a large scale.
The rotating mechanism of the present embodiment comprises the first rotating mechanism and the second rotating mechanism that rotates for driving respectively described the first wind component 6 and described the second wind component 7.Preferably, the first rotating mechanism comprises the first motor (not shown on the figure), the first internal gear 8 and the first external gear 9, described the first internal gear 8 is fixedly mounted on the lower end of described the first wind component 6, described the first external gear 9 is installed on the output shaft of described the first motor, and meshes with described the first internal gear 8.The structure of described the second rotating mechanism is identical with the structure of the first rotating mechanism, comprise the second motor (not shown on the figure), secondary annulus (not shown on the figure) and the second external gear (not shown on the figure), described secondary annulus is fixedly mounted on the lower end of described the second wind component 7, described the second external gear is installed on the output shaft of described the second motor, and meshes with described secondary annulus.
Described blower fan comprises for first blower fan of blowing to the first air outlet 61 and is used for to the second blower fan of the second air outlet 71 air-supplies, the first blower fan and the second blower fan are arranged at respectively bottom and the top of housing parts 2, and this first blower fan and these optionally opening and closing of the second blower fan.Described the first blower fan comprises the first drive motors and the first fan blade 4, described the second blower fan comprises the second drive motors and the second fan blade 5, preferably, described the first fan blade 4 and described the second fan blade 5 are the mixed flow fan blade, the mixed flow fan blade mainly is that the centrifugal and mutual advantages optimization of through-flow fan blade of tradition forms, have high pressure Wind Volume characteristics, described the first fan blade 4 and described the second fan blade 5 also can be axial-flow leaf or through-flow fan blade.Preferably, the first wind component 6 also comprises electrical auxiliary heater, and this electrical auxiliary heater can be the analogs such as ceramic PTC or tube-type electric heater.
Figure 3 shows that the front view of indoor set when heating of air-conditioner, when heating, the first air outlet 61 goes to the front of air conditioner room unit, and the second air outlet 71 goes to the back side of air conditioner room unit.Figure 4 shows that the flow process distribution sectional view of air conditioner room unit when heating, as can be seen from the figure, when 4 operation of the first fan blade, produce the high pressure wind field, 5 stalls of the second fan blade, allow the external air of air-conditioner be adsorbed to heat transfer zone by housing parts 2 enterprising air ports 21, namely produce heat exchange on the heat exchanger 3.Thermal current after the heat exchange is drawn onto on the first wind component 6 of air-conditioner, blow out through the first air outlet 61 again, the first rotating mechanism drives the first air outlet 61 large rotation angles, and the wind deflector in the first air outlet 61 rotates simultaneously, can take hot blast to any orientation in room.Hot blast blows afloat from the bottom surface, room, because hot blast density is low, progressively up moves, and rapidly whole space temperature is improved, and air-conditioner or client determine whether open auxiliary electrical heater according to heating needs, thereby air-conditioner is heated fast.
Figure 5 shows that the front view of indoor set when refrigeration of air-conditioner, during refrigeration, the first air outlet 61 goes to the back side of air conditioner room unit, and the second air outlet 71 goes to the front of air conditioner room unit.Figure 6 shows that the flow process distribution sectional view of air conditioner room unit when heating, during refrigeration, produce high pressure wind field, 4 stalls of the first fan blade during 5 operation of the second fan blade, allow the external air of air-conditioner be adsorbed to heat transfer zone by housing parts 2 enterprising air ports 21, namely produce heat exchange on the heat exchanger 3.Cold airflow after the heat exchange is drawn onto on the first wind component 6 of air-conditioner, blow out through the second air outlet 71 again, the second rotating mechanism drives the second air outlet 71 large rotation angles, and the wind deflector in the first air outlet 61 rotates simultaneously, can take cold wind to any orientation in room.Because cold wind density is large, progressively sinks, and rapidly whole space temperature is reduced.
This shows, by floor air conditioner provided by the utility model, realized heating fast and fast-refrigerating, improved the comfortableness that air-conditioning uses; Simultaneously, the first air outlet and the second air outlet are hidden in the back side of air conditioner room unit when not using, outward appearance is become one.
Figure 7 shows that the front view of indoor set when off-mode of air-conditioner, during shutdown, the first air outlet 61 and the second air outlet 71 all are hidden in the back side of air conditioner room unit, realize overall appearance.
Embodiment two
The difference of the indoor set of the floor air conditioner of the present embodiment and embodiment one is: the first wind component 6, the second wind component 7 and housing parts 2 are one-body molded, and the first wind component 6, the second wind component 7 and housing parts 2 can rotate with respect to the central axis of housing parts 2.
The above embodiment has only expressed several embodiment of the present utility model, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but can not therefore be interpreted as the restriction to the utility model claim.Should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the concept of the premise utility, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection domain of the present utility model.Therefore, the protection domain of the utility model patent should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (13)
1. floor air conditioner, the indoor set of this air-conditioner comprises base, be supported in the housing parts with air inlet on this base and be arranged at this housing parts interior heat exchanger and blower fan, it is characterized in that, described indoor set also comprises and is arranged at the first wind component between described housing parts lower end and the described base and that can rotate around the central axis of described housing parts, be arranged at the second wind component described housing parts upper end and that can rotate around the central axis of described housing parts and drive this first wind component and the rotating mechanism of this second wind component, be provided with the first air outlet that is communicated with the inner chamber of described housing parts at described the first wind component, be provided with the second air outlet that is communicated with the inner chamber of described housing parts at described the second wind component, described blower fan is optionally to described the first air outlet and the air-supply of described the second air outlet.
2. floor air conditioner according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described blower fan comprises the first blower fan and the second blower fan, and this first blower fan and this second blower fan are arranged at respectively bottom and the top of described housing parts, and this first blower fan and these optionally opening and closing of the second blower fan.
3. floor air conditioner according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described the first blower fan comprises the first drive motors and the first fan blade, described the first fan blade is mixed flow fan blade, axial-flow leaf or through-flow fan blade, described the second blower fan comprises the second drive motors and the second fan blade, and described the second fan blade is mixed flow fan blade, axial-flow leaf or through-flow fan blade.
4. floor air conditioner according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described housing parts is cylindric, described the first wind component and described the second wind component also are cylindric, and described the first air outlet and described the second air outlet are arranged at respectively on the sidewall of described the first wind component and described the second wind component.
5. floor air conditioner according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is respectively arranged with the first wind deflector and the second wind deflector in described the first air outlet and described the second air outlet.
6. floor air conditioner according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described air inlet is the grating type air inlet.
7. floor air conditioner according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described the first wind component also comprises electrical auxiliary heater.
8. floor air conditioner according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described electrical auxiliary heater is ceramic PTC or tube-type electric heater.
9. each described floor air conditioner in 8 according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described the first wind component and described the second wind component can rotate with respect to described housing parts.
10. floor air conditioner according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described rotating mechanism comprises be used to the first rotating mechanism that drives described the first wind component rotation and is used for driving the second rotating mechanism that described the second wind component rotates.
11. floor air conditioner according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, described the first rotating mechanism comprises the first motor, the first internal gear and the first external gear, described the first internal gear is fixedly mounted on the lower end of described the first wind component, described the first external gear is installed on the output shaft of described the first motor, and meshes with described the first internal gear; State the second rotating mechanism and comprise the second motor, secondary annulus and the second external gear, described secondary annulus is fixedly mounted on the lower end of described the second wind component, described the second external gear is installed on the output shaft of described the second motor, and meshes with described secondary annulus.
12. each described floor air conditioner in 8 according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described the first wind component, described the second wind component are fixedly connected with described housing parts, and described the first wind component, described the second wind component and described housing parts can rotate with respect to the central axis of described housing parts.
13. each described floor air conditioner in 8 according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described the first wind component, described the second wind component and described housing parts are one-body molded, and described the first wind component, described the second wind component and described housing parts can rotate with respect to the central axis of described housing parts.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220389738 CN202709316U (en) | 2012-08-07 | 2012-08-07 | Vertical-type air conditioner |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220389738 CN202709316U (en) | 2012-08-07 | 2012-08-07 | Vertical-type air conditioner |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN202709316U true CN202709316U (en) | 2013-01-30 |
Family
ID=47589612
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220389738 Withdrawn - After Issue CN202709316U (en) | 2012-08-07 | 2012-08-07 | Vertical-type air conditioner |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN202709316U (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103574770A (en) * | 2012-08-07 | 2014-02-12 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Floor air conditioner and control method thereof |
| CN103968516A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2014-08-06 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Air conditioner and exhaust device thereof |
| CN105091273A (en) * | 2014-04-19 | 2015-11-25 | 海信（山东）空调有限公司 | Air-conditioning duct system and air-conditioning indoor unit |
| CN106152461A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-11-23 | 芜湖美智空调设备有限公司 | The air-out control method of cabinet air-conditioner and cabinet air-conditioner |
| CN106152446A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2016-11-23 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Air-conditioner |
| CN106247454A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-21 | 芜湖美智空调设备有限公司 | The air-out control method of cabinet air-conditioner and cabinet air-conditioner |
| CN106322705A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-11 | 芜湖美智空调设备有限公司 | Top air-out structure, cabinet air conditioner and air-outlet control method of cabinet air conditioner |
| CN109899880A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-06-18 | 上海暖虫科技有限公司 | A kind of vertical heater air exhausting structure |
| CN111306105A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-19 | 佛山市云米电器科技有限公司 | Air outlet array mechanism and air outlet equipment applying same |
-
2012
- 2012-08-07 CN CN 201220389738 patent/CN202709316U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103574770A (en) * | 2012-08-07 | 2014-02-12 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Floor air conditioner and control method thereof |
| CN103574770B (en) * | 2012-08-07 | 2016-02-03 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Floor air conditioner and control method thereof |
| CN103968516A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2014-08-06 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Air conditioner and exhaust device thereof |
| CN103968516B (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2016-07-06 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | A kind of air-conditioner and exhaust apparatus thereof |
| CN105091273A (en) * | 2014-04-19 | 2015-11-25 | 海信（山东）空调有限公司 | Air-conditioning duct system and air-conditioning indoor unit |
| CN106152446A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2016-11-23 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Air-conditioner |
| CN106152461A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-11-23 | 芜湖美智空调设备有限公司 | The air-out control method of cabinet air-conditioner and cabinet air-conditioner |
| CN106247454A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-21 | 芜湖美智空调设备有限公司 | The air-out control method of cabinet air-conditioner and cabinet air-conditioner |
| CN106322705A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-11 | 芜湖美智空调设备有限公司 | Top air-out structure, cabinet air conditioner and air-outlet control method of cabinet air conditioner |
| CN106247454B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2020-05-22 | 芜湖美智空调设备有限公司 | Cabinet air conditioner and air outlet control method of cabinet air conditioner |
| CN109899880A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-06-18 | 上海暖虫科技有限公司 | A kind of vertical heater air exhausting structure |
| CN111306105A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-19 | 佛山市云米电器科技有限公司 | Air outlet array mechanism and air outlet equipment applying same |
| CN111306105B (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2022-03-25 | 佛山市云米电器科技有限公司 | Air outlet array mechanism and air outlet equipment applying same |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103574770B (en) | Floor air conditioner and control method thereof | |
| CN202709316U (en) | Vertical-type air conditioner | |
| CN106123120B (en) | A kind of air conditioner room unit control method | |
| CN202709317U (en) | Vertical-type air conditioner | |
| CN103574771B (en) | Floor air conditioner and control method thereof | |
| CN103574772A (en) | Floor air conditioner and control method thereof | |
| CN201129802Y (en) | Separation and floor type air conditioner capable of interchanging air inlet and air outlet | |
| CN106765847A (en) | A kind of integral type ventilation air conditioner | |
| CN109489122A (en) | Vertical air conditioner cabinet and air conditioner | |
| CN201129806Y (en) | Separation and floor type air conditioner capable of interchanging air inlet and air outlet | |
| CN105953395A (en) | Floor-type air conditioner | |
| CN105222227A (en) | Floor air conditioner and using method thereof | |
| CN102278793A (en) | Indoor machine of air conditioner | |
| CN202734065U (en) | Floor air conditioner | |
| CN103574766B (en) | Floor air conditioner | |
| JP5538621B2 (en) | Bathroom Dryer | |
| CN209279279U (en) | Vertical air conditioner cabinet and air conditioner | |
| CN202709315U (en) | Vertical type air-conditioner | |
| CN104100544A (en) | Ceiling fan with heating function | |
| CN203189290U (en) | Ceiling fan with function of heating | |
| CN205842987U (en) | Floor type air-conditioner | |
| KR20090078996A (en) | Stand type air cooler and heater capable of intaking or exhausting in any direction of 360 degree | |
| CN201233098Y (en) | Internal circulation air duct structure for indoor heater | |
| CN206478809U (en) | A kind of integral type ventilation air conditioner | |
| CN105222309A (en) | Floor air conditioner |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20130130 Effective date of abandoning: 20160203 |
|
| C25 | Abandonment of patent right or utility model to avoid double patenting |