CN202700340U - Equipment for providing safety for urea gasification reactor - Google Patents
Equipment for providing safety for urea gasification reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN202700340U CN202700340U CN 201220379196 CN201220379196U CN202700340U CN 202700340 U CN202700340 U CN 202700340U CN 201220379196 CN201220379196 CN 201220379196 CN 201220379196 U CN201220379196 U CN 201220379196U CN 202700340 U CN202700340 U CN 202700340U
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- installation
- filter
- equipment
- urea
- pipeline
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Abstract
The utility model relates to equipment for providing the safety for downstream installations of a gasification reactor. The reactor gasifies urea from ureal aqueous solution, and the equipment provides the safety through eliminating the real-time blockage risks of a pipeline, a catalyst or a filter; the equipment comprises the gasification reactor, a guide pipe and nozzle device, a pipeline device, a pipeline delivery device and a filter device, wherein the gasification reactor heats the ureal aqueous solution for a certain time so as to gasify the ureal aqueous solution and form thermal gasification product stream which contains NH3 and HNCO; the guide pipe and nozzle device guides the ureal aqueous solution to the gasification reactor; the pipeline device guides hot gases to the gasification reactor; the pipeline delivery device is used for delivering the gases which are produced through the contacting of the ureal aqueous solution and the hot gases in the gasification reactor to the equipment which utilizes the gases; and the filter device is arranged in the pipeline behind the gasification reactor, wherein the filter device has a filter surface which is at least two times of the cross section area of the pipeline. With the equipment, the urea gasification efficiency of the reactor is effectively increased.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the improvement of urea gasification, and this improvements is by providing a kind of equipment to carry out, and this equipment can be caught by operate the urea decomposition product that causes and the deposit of accessory substance under invalid or unsuitable gasification condition.
Background technology
Economic and the effective control of the as required supply of ammonia and/or isocyanic acid requires urea to be gasified totally and keeps the gained converted product to be used for selective catalysis NO until it arrives under suitable temperature
xCatalyst in the reactor of reduction (SCR) or other purposes.If occur any unusually, catalyst all may be contaminated, and perhaps deposit or other unfavorable effect may endanger operation and cause shutting down expensively and safeguarding.
Existing in a large number can be with the technology of Urea Transformation ammonification.These technology mainly are high temperature process, such as FUEL TECH, the Chinese invention patent NO.200710085890.0(inventor Sun of Inc. etc.), it has described the by the use of thermal means that can produce complicated product gas flow, and this may be so that control ratio is wanted be more complicated.
When the heating urea aqueous solution, determine by a large amount of chemical reactions with the control of the speed constant of temperature correlation how urea decompose:
NH
2-CO
2-NH
2→NH
3+HNCO
(urea) (ammonia) (isocyanic acid)
This reaction can be carried out under the temperature of 275 ℉.The amount of ammonia or isocyanic acid may change, because the HNCO hydrolyzable becomes urea or forms solid by-product.HNCO can followingly transform:
(cyanuric acid)
If the formation cyanuric acid, then this cyanuric acid decomposes under about 700 ℉.Urea to the fully conversion of ammonia can relate to following reaction:
HNCO+H
2O→NH
3+CO
2
(isocyanic acid) (water) (ammonia) (carbon dioxide)
HNCO+NH
2-CO
2-NH
2→ biuret
HNCO+ biuret → triuret
Triuret → cyanuric acid+NH
3
3HNCO → cyanuric acid
2NH
2-CO
2-NH
2+ H
2CO → MDU
These reactions are relevant with speed, and depend on reactant physical form, advantage temperature, the time in reactor and water and/or catalyst existence whether.Therefore, the air-flow after the thermal conversion reaction device is very complicated.Not all composition is desirable, and can produce solid and/or liquid with the deviation of best practices in product gas flow.
Need at present and can even can not guarantee to be gasified totally and keep the equipment of this system of safety operation under the condition that all Urea Transformation products are gaseous state.
The utility model content
The utility model provides a kind of equipment, and this equipment blocks (obstruction) immediately by eliminating pipeline, catalyst or filter risk is provided for from the safe clearance of the hot gas reactor of aqueous solution of urea gasification urea.
In one aspect, a kind of equipment comprises: be used for making aqueous solution of urea to stand temperature a period of time and contain NH with gasification and the formation that realizes aqueous solution of urea
3Gasification reactor with the hot gas product stream of HNCO; Be used for aqueous solution of urea is introduced nozzle and the pipe guide of gasification reactor; Be used for hot gas is introduced the plumbing installation of gasification reactor; Be used for will by urea liquid and hot gas gasification reactor contact and the product gas that produces be delivered to be used it equipment such as the pipeline transporter among the SCR; And, be in gasification reactor ducted filter for installation afterwards, wherein this filter for installation has the filtering surface that doubles at least the cross-section of pipeline area.
Ideally, filter for installation is oriented so that in pipeline to allow that any solid that this device is caught drops from this device.In very useful form, filter for installation is approaching for releasedly that the device place of this filter for installation attaching on plumbing installation is the widest, and the narrowest near an end of hot gas reactor.
The filter for installation that preferably has the elongate tapered structure, its end are that tip and the other end are the attaching flange.Ideally, adopt the fast disassembly type accessory in order to easily insert and dismantle in the plumbing installation.
Filter for installation of the present utility model advantageously is implemented as has about 2:1 to the length-to-diameter ratio of about 5:1.Conical filtering surface preferably is made of the stainless steel metal silk screen.Pore size in woven wire or other filter medium is determined by experience, but is generally extremely reached in the scope of 400 * 400 hole/square inches at about 20 * 20 hole/square inches.
On the other hand, the utility model provides a kind of equipment that security is provided for the hot gas reactor, this hot gas reactor is used for from aqueous solution of urea gasification urea, this equipment comes to provide security for this hot gas reactor by eliminating the instant risk of blocking of pipeline, catalyst or filter, and this equipment comprises: be used for making aqueous solution of urea a period of time of being heated to contain NH with gasification and the formation that realizes aqueous solution of urea
3Gasification reactor with the hot gas product stream of HNCO; Be used for aqueous solution of urea is introduced conduit and the spray nozzle device of this gasification reactor; Be used for introducing to gasification reactor the plumbing installation of hot gas; Pipeline transporter, it is used for and will contacts in the equipment that the gas that produces is delivered to this gas to be used at gasification reactor by making aqueous solution of urea and hot gas, this pipeline transporter comprises the fast disassembly type accessory, easily inserts and remove removable duct section to allow; And be in elongate tapered filter for installation in the removable duct section after the gasification reactor, wherein, this filter for installation has the filtering surface of the cross-sectional area that doubles at least pipeline, this filter for installation is oriented in pipeline allows that any solid of being caught by this filter for installation drops from this filter for installation, and wherein, this filter for installation is the widest and the narrowest at an end of the most close hot gas reactor in the zone that approaches for this filter for installation being attached to releasedly the attaching device on the pipeline.
Other and preferred aspect of the present utility model are described below.
Description of drawings
Be incorporated in the specification and consist of its a part of accompanying drawing and set forth preferred embodiment, described accompanying drawing is explained principle of the present utility model with hereinafter provide detailed description of the preferred embodiments one is used from.In whole accompanying drawing, similarly the reference number representation class like or corresponding parts, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that comprises the combustion plant of equipment of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the filter for installation of a kind of form of adopting in the equipment of the present utility model;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that the more details of equipment of the present utility model shown in Figure 1 are shown.
The specific embodiment
Description of the present utility model is carried out with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein referring to the simplification preferred embodiment that schematically shows among Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.Hereinafter describe the equipment of accompanying drawing and their representatives, and exceedingly do not state FUEL TECH, the Chinese patent application NO.200710085890.0(inventor Sun of Inc. etc.) described various assemblies, all the elements of this patent are incorporated by reference herein.
Term " urea " means to comprise it, and all are purchased the urea of form, and it typically is comprised of urea substantially, contain 95 % by weight or more urea.The urea of purer form is preferred and has several advantages in method of the present utility model.Urea is that about 30% to about 70% the aqueous solution is used for processing as concentration preferably, wherein most preferably from about 45% to about 60%.
As mentioned above, when making the urea gasification by heat treatment, reactant gas not only contains ammonia and isocyanic acid (HNCO), and can contain the accessory substance from side reaction, and this depends on the temperature history of thermal decomposition product.Gasification product must suitably prepare and keep, to avoid solid or the liquid deposition problem on upstream device.The utility model is for this problem and propose a kind of low-cost solution of simple possible.
Fig. 1 is for adopting the utility model by the aqueous solution of urea gasification that will not contain any solid and liquid obtain the gasifying schematic diagram of combustion plant of flow of urea.This combustion plant comprises combustion chamber 10, and this combustion chamber has burner, the air that described burner provides from the fuel in unshowned source and by pipeline 14 by burning and provide heat in combustion zone 12.The burning gases of heat by stove 10, come the heat of spontaneous combustion to be passed to heat exchanger 16 and 18 along the direction shown in the piece arrow, then enter in SCR (SCR) reactor 20, the NO that produces between can be with main combustion period in this reactor
xProcess with NO with the urea (comprising ammonia and HNCO) of ammonia or gasification
xChange into nitrogen and water.Perhaps, can be advantageously used in the combustion plant of independent use urea SNCR (SNCR) under higher temperature, such as the US patent No.5 of Epperly etc., wherein there is reactor 20 in 057,293 facility of instructing or does not need reactor 20.
After SCR reactor 20, burning gases flow through air-air heat exchanger 22, and the extraneous air preheating that this heat exchanger is used for providing via pipeline 24 is to be delivered to combustion zone 12 via pipeline 14 with it.The burning gases that leave heat exchanger 22 were significantly cooled off entering electrostatic precipitator (ESP) by pipeline 26 in 28 o'clock, and particle is collected in this electrostatic precipitator and then passes through gas stack 30.This is the form of simplifying very much of actual industrial or practical burner and effluent processing method, but shows feasible program.
The urea gasification system 40 that roughly illustrates in Fig. 1 comprises to be processed gas supply source 42, describes show flow direction as arrow via conduit 44 to spray nozzle device 45() the aqueous solution of urea source of supply, contain the hot gas reactor 46 of hot gas, in this reactor aqueous solution of urea stand gasification temperature from about 1 second to less than time of 10 seconds guaranteeing the aqueous urea gasification and to form the hot gas product stream, this hot gas product stream is removed via pipeline 47 and contains NH
3And HNCO, then this product stream enters in the SCR reactor 20 via annotating ammonia grid 58.
The utility model is not worried crust so that can guarantee simply in reactor 46 urea of gasification to can be used for independent ammonia or ammonia with HNCO fed in SCR or other unit.
The hot gas that enters in the urea gasification system 40 via pipe guide 42 will make the urea gasification, and ammonification (NH mainly gasifies
3) and isocyanic acid (HNCO), substantially do not stay liquid or solid.Enter gas in the urea gasification system 40 in the porch preferably is in the scope of 700-1200 ℉ and the time of this gas in gasification reactor is enough to make aqueous solution of urea to be gasified totally, in order to the gas flow that comprises ammonia and isocyanic acid is provided.This gas flow can be taken out from urea gasification system 40 and remains under the temperature more than 450 ℉ for use.
Preferably with gas-heated to greater than 800 ℉, then under this temperature, introduce in the urea gasification system 40, should remain on more than at least 450 ℉ at gas described in this urea gasification system.Can effectively use the gas temperature that enters of 850-1200 ℉.Additional heat can be fed in this chamber as required.And preferably make urea gasification system 40 heat insulation to help temperature to keep well.Temperature and the time of staying of leaving urea gasification system 40 gas before are effective to realize being gasified totally.The temperature that enters in temperature and the urea gasification system 40 keeps also enough height, in order to keep the outlet temperature at least about 450 ℉ and preferred at least 500 ℉.
Further feature is shown in addition, for example controller 70 and related sensor 54.Enter air line 42 and can comprise air door (baffle plate) (not shown), this air door can be controlled by controller 70 with the associated exemplary control circuit shown in the dotted line (can be hardwire or wireless) as other air door is the same with valve.Before filter 50 and pressure sensor afterwards 54 and 54 ' can help by indicating the pressure between the two to change to determine whether filter 50 stops up.Controller can adopt various control actions, and comprising provides alarm to the operator.
For delivery of the size of the pipe guide 42 of the gas that is formed by extraneous air and/or burning gases typically be designed to provide from total burning gases of burner 10 less than 3% gas volume and under the temperature of at least 450 ℉, transmit this gas volume.
Gasification reactor comprises that one or more nozzles 45 introduce in the hot gas under the condition of effective gasification aqueous solution of urea with the drop (under 500 microns) that produces aqueous solution of urea and with them.Preferably be provided for keeping greater than the heater of the temperature of 450 ℉ (as noted, wish higher temperature) change into gas at 1-10 in second to guarantee in described basic all urea, do not stay remarkable dissolving or solid or liquid contact and stained described SCR catalyst with the SCR catalyst freely.Yet, process unusual as the operator neglects to hinder and is gasified totally and some solids or liquid can jeopardize operation.
After gasification, the urea gasification product comprises duct section 47 ' and 47 by pipeline 47(") enter in the device that comprises notes ammonia grid 58, with the NO in effective reduction combustion-gas flow
xGuide the gas that contains the gas that is produced by the aqueous solution of urea gasification to pass through NO under the condition of concentration
xReducing catalyst 20.For guard catalyst 20 in the situation of abnormal operation, installation or maintenance with annotate ammonia grid 58 with anti-clogging, the utility model has advantageously provided filter for installation 50.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of a kind of form of the filter for installation 50 that adopts in the equipment of the present utility model.Shown in filter for installation 50 extend to pointed the other end 52 from the larger end 51 of flange-like, make thus the filter body have elongated shape, it has filter element 53.Filter for installation 50 is arranged in removable duct section 47 ', and this duct section 47 ' is positioned at upstream conduit sections 47 and downstream pipe section 47 " between.As shown in the figure, the filter for installation in this embodiment has the filtering surface that doubles at least the cross-section of pipeline area.Filter for installation 50 of the present utility model advantageously is embodied as has about 2:1 to the length-to-diameter ratio of about 5:1.
Ideally, filter for installation 50 is oriented in duct section 47 ' and allows that any solid of being caught by this filter for installation drops from this filter for installation.In very useful form, filter for installation is the widest in the zone that approaches for it being attached to releasedly the device on the plumbing installation, and the narrowest near an end of hot gas reactor.Shown in the figure, filter for installation has the elongate tapered structure, and it is the attaching flange for the tip and at the other end at one end, and this tip is near gasification system 40.Ideally, paired flange 56 and 56 ' is used the fast disassembly type accessory, thereby can easily insert and remove filter 50 in order to can remove duct section 47 '.Can use threaded toggle bolt and wing nut-may the slit opening in flange use-or the clamping device of known type guarantee firmly to keep and can discharge fast simultaneously.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that the more details of facility of the present utility model among Fig. 1 are shown.The label of Fig. 3 uses the numeral of Fig. 1, wherein is suitable for and the continuation further feature sensor 54 that for example is associated with controller 70.Enter air line 42 and can comprise the air door (not shown), this air door can be controlled by the associated exemplary control circuit shown in controller 70 and the dotted line (can be hardwire or wireless) as other air door is the same with valve.
Preferably the aqueous solution of urea as concentration about 30% to about 70% is fed in the reactor 46, wherein about 45% to about 60% is most preferred.The relative molecular weight of urea, water and air is important for successfully moving.
Favourable part of the present utility model is that it proofreaies and correct the error that can not make the reaction operation with the intermediate product of maintenance low concentration such as the mode of isocyanic acid, minimizes so that side reaction produces the chance of unfavorable accessory substance such as reactor or ducted cold spot.
Importantly, the drop of aqueous solution of urea is fed in the urea gasification system 40 with enough little size, thereby with the short time for example 1-10 in second the enough urea that is used for decomposition that early discharges urea is gasified totally, and make the minimizing possibility of pipeline or catalyst downstream formation accessory substance.Must whole one work temperature, reactant, drop size and heat time heating time to realize the correct response power of complete urea gasification and do not produce solid by-product.In urea gasification system 40, importantly use suitable high temperature, in the chamber, obtain little urea droplets size and avoid the existence of cold spot.Preferably drop size is controlled to be less than 500 μ m, typically is 20-200 μ m, as measuring by laser technology.The time of staying in the chamber must lack, and for example about 1-10 second, typically is 2-6 second.
Above-mentioned explanation is used for instruction those skilled in the art and how puts into practice the utility model.No longer describe all obvious changes and modification that those skilled in the art learn through reading this specification in detail.Yet all these classes obviously change and modification is included in the scope of the present utility model that following claim limits.Unless clearly provide opposite indication, claim is intended to contain effectively to satisfy and is intended to the claimed assembly of purpose and the step of any order.
Claims (12)
1. the downstream installation for the hot gas reactor provides the equipment of security, this hot gas reactor is used for from aqueous solution of urea gasification urea, this equipment comes for described downstream installation provides security by eliminating the instant risk of blocking of pipeline, catalyst or filter, and this equipment comprises:
A. make aqueous solution of urea a period of time of being heated contain NH with gasification and the formation that realizes aqueous solution of urea
3Gasification reactor with the hot gas product stream of HNCO;
B. aqueous solution of urea is introduced conduit and spray nozzle device in this gasification reactor;
C. introduce the plumbing installation of hot gas in the gasification reactor;
D. pipeline transporter is used for and will be delivered in its equipment to be used by making aqueous solution of urea and hot gas contact the gas that produces at gasification reactor; And
E. be in gasification reactor ducted filter for installation afterwards, wherein, this filter for installation has the filtering surface of the cross-sectional area that doubles at least this pipeline.
2. according to claim 1 equipment is characterized in that described filter for installation is oriented allows that any solid of being caught by this filter for installation drops from this filter for installation in pipeline.
3. according to claim 1 equipment is characterized in that, described filter for installation is in that to approach the zone that is used for this filter for installation is attached to releasedly the attaching device on the pipeline the widest, and the narrowest at an end of the most close hot gas reactor.
4. according to claim 1 equipment is characterized in that described filter for installation has elongated pyramidal structure, and this filter for installation is at one end for most advanced and sophisticated and have the attaching flange at the other end.
5. according to claim 1 equipment is characterized in that, also comprises the fast disassembly type accessory on the pipeline, in order to can easily insert and remove removable duct section.
6. according to claim 4 equipment is characterized in that described filter for installation has the length-to-diameter ratio from 2:1 to 5:1.
7. according to claim 4 equipment is characterized in that the filtering surface of taper is made of the stainless steel metal silk screen.
8. according to claim 7 equipment is characterized in that, the pore size in the woven wire at 20 * 20 hole/square inches to the scope of 400 * 400 hole/square inches.
9. equipment that security is provided for the hot gas reactor, this hot gas reactor is used for from aqueous solution of urea gasification urea, this equipment comes to provide security for this hot gas reactor by eliminating the instant risk of blocking of pipeline, catalyst or filter, and this equipment comprises:
A. make aqueous solution of urea a period of time of being heated contain NH with gasification and the formation that realizes aqueous solution of urea
3Gasification reactor with the hot gas product stream of HNCO;
B. aqueous solution of urea is introduced conduit and spray nozzle device in this gasification reactor;
C. introduce the plumbing installation of hot gas in the gasification reactor;
D. pipeline transporter, be used for and contact in the equipment that the gas that produces is delivered to this gas to be used at gasification reactor by making aqueous solution of urea and hot gas, this pipeline transporter comprises the fast disassembly type accessory, easily inserts and remove removable duct section to allow; And
E. be in the elongate tapered filter for installation in the gasification reactor removable duct section afterwards, wherein, this filter for installation has the filtering surface of the cross-sectional area that doubles at least pipeline, this filter for installation is oriented in pipeline allows that any solid of being caught by this filter for installation drops from this filter for installation, and this filter for installation is the widest and the narrowest at an end of the most close hot gas reactor in the zone that approaches for this filter for installation being attached to releasedly the attaching device on the pipeline.
10. according to claim 9 equipment is characterized in that described filter for installation has the length-to-diameter ratio from 2:1 to 5:1.
11. equipment according to claim 9 is characterized in that, the filtering surface of taper is made of the stainless steel metal silk screen.
12. equipment according to claim 11 is characterized in that, the pore size in the woven wire at 20 * 20 hole/square inches to the scope of 400 * 400 hole/square inches.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201261659648P | 2012-06-14 | 2012-06-14 | |
| US61/659,648 | 2012-06-14 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN202700340U true CN202700340U (en) | 2013-01-30 |
Family
ID=47580681
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220379196 Expired - Fee Related CN202700340U (en) | 2012-06-14 | 2012-08-01 | Equipment for providing safety for urea gasification reactor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN202700340U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104016374A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-09-03 | 大唐科技产业集团有限公司 | Novel urea pyrolysis furnace for denitrifying flue gas |
| CN112127973A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2020-12-25 | 康明斯排放处理公司 | System and method for a filtering and detection mechanism to prevent EGP clogging |
-
2012
- 2012-08-01 CN CN 201220379196 patent/CN202700340U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104016374A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-09-03 | 大唐科技产业集团有限公司 | Novel urea pyrolysis furnace for denitrifying flue gas |
| CN112127973A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2020-12-25 | 康明斯排放处理公司 | System and method for a filtering and detection mechanism to prevent EGP clogging |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130130 Termination date: 20200801 |