Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of reliable, self-powered toaster electronics clip-proof protection device.
The utility model is that the technical scheme that adopts that achieves the above object is: a kind of toaster electronics clip-proof protection device comprises power circuit, protection drive circuit, capacitance-resistance voltage reduction circuit, relay circuit;
Described power circuit, the alternating current of exporting from the heating wire tap offers respectively control circuit and protection drive circuit through regulator rectifier circuit;
Described protection drive circuit comprises delay trigger circuit and on-off circuit, is used for starting capacitance-resistance voltage reduction circuit, and delay trigger circuit provides trigger voltage to on-off circuit;
Described capacitance-resistance voltage reduction circuit comprises resistance, X2 safety electric capacity, commutation diode, voltage-stabiliser tube and electric capacity, by protecting drive circuit to drive and providing burning voltage to relay circuit;
Described relay circuit comprises relay, discharge diode, the switching of control heating wire power supply and capacitance-resistance voltage reduction circuit power supply.
Further, described delay trigger circuit comprises resistance, electrochemical capacitor, Zener diode, and resistance R 116 is connected with Zener diode ZD102 is anodal with the positive pole of electrochemical capacitor EC103.
Further, described on-off circuit comprises triode, optocoupler, and triode is arranged on the path of light emitting diode of optocoupler, and optical coupled switch is road power switch at capacitance-resistance voltage reduction circuit.
Further, the base stage of the triode Q101 of described on-off circuit is connected with Zener diode ZD102 with an end of resistance R 117 and is connected, colelctor electrode is connected with the negative pole of the light emitting diode of optocoupler 102, one end of resistance R 114 is connected with the positive pole of the light emitting diode of optocoupler 102, and the other end is connected with the 5V power supply.
Further, described on-off circuit comprises triode, relay, and triode is arranged on the relay coil path, and the contact of relay is road power switch at capacitance-resistance voltage reduction circuit.
Further, the base stage of the triode Q101 of described on-off circuit is connected with Zener diode ZD102 with an end of resistance R 117 and is connected, colelctor electrode and an end of relay R Y303 coil are connected positive pole and are connected with diode D307, the other end of relay R Y303 coil and 12V power supply are connected negative pole and are connected with diode D307.
Further, described power circuit comprises diode, electric capacity, resistance, Zener diode, diode D101, electric capacity EC101, resistance R 108, capacitor C 101 form the rectification circuit part, resistance R 101, diode D106, electric capacity EC102, capacitor C 102, form the step-down rectifying circuit part, Zener diode ZD101, resistance R 110 form the mu balanced circuit part.
Further, described capacitance-resistance voltage reduction circuit comprises resistance, X2 safety electric capacity, commutation diode, voltage-stabiliser tube and electric capacity, resistance R 301, R302, X2 safety capacitor C 301, resistance R 119 form the reduction voltage circuit part, and commutation diode D102D105, voltage-stabiliser tube ZD103 and electric capacity EC104 form the regulator rectifier circuit part.
Further, described resistance R 301, R302 connect in parallel with X2 safety capacitor C 301, one termination power switch of X2 safety capacitor C 301, the other end is connected with resistance R 119, the other end of resistance R 119 is connected with the bridge rectifier input that commutation diode D102-D105 forms, another input of bridge rectifier input is connected with power supply, the positive pole of voltage-stabiliser tube ZD103 is connected negative pole and is connected with the bridge rectifier negative pole of output end with electric capacity EC104, the negative pole of voltage-stabiliser tube ZD103 is connected positive pole and is connected with the bridge rectifier output head anode with electric capacity EC104.
Further, described relay circuit comprises relay, discharge diode, and discharge diode is arranged on the path of relay coil; The normally-closed contact of relay is the heating wire power switch, and the normally opened contact of relay is the switch of capacitance-resistance voltage reduction circuit power supply.
The utility model uses the voltage of heating wire tap to power as control section when normal operation; During abnormal conditions, using the principle of relay self-locking is its power supply, does not need to increase separately Switching Power Supply or transformer.In the situation that guarantee that the product safety performance is constant, the inner space of having saved toaster greatly reduces product cost, has also improved simultaneously the security performance of product.
The specific embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a kind of toaster electronics clip-proof protection device comprises power circuit, protection drive circuit, capacitance-resistance voltage reduction circuit, relay circuit.
Described power circuit, the alternating current of exporting from the heating wire tap offers respectively control circuit and protection drive circuit through regulator rectifier circuit.Control circuit is existing control circuit.
Described protection drive circuit comprises delay trigger circuit and on-off circuit, is used for starting capacitance-resistance voltage reduction circuit, and delay trigger circuit provides trigger voltage to on-off circuit.Described delay trigger circuit comprises resistance, electrochemical capacitor, Zener diode, and resistance R 116 is connected with Zener diode ZD102 is anodal with the positive pole of electrochemical capacitor EC103.On-off circuit has two kinds of forms, a kind ofly is: described on-off circuit comprises triode, optocoupler, and triode is arranged on the path of light emitting diode of optocoupler, and optical coupled switch is road power switch at capacitance-resistance voltage reduction circuit, as shown in Figure 1.The base stage of the triode Q101 of described on-off circuit is connected with Zener diode ZD102 with an end of resistance R 117 and is connected, colelctor electrode is connected with the negative pole of the light emitting diode of optocoupler 102, one end of resistance R 114 is connected with the positive pole of the light emitting diode of optocoupler 102, and the other end is connected with the 5V power supply.Another kind is: described on-off circuit comprises triode, relay, and triode is arranged on the relay coil path, and the contact of relay is road power switch at capacitance-resistance voltage reduction circuit, as shown in Figure 2.The base stage of the triode Q101 of described on-off circuit is connected with Zener diode ZD102 with an end of resistance R 117 and is connected, colelctor electrode and an end of relay R Y303 coil are connected positive pole and are connected with diode D307, the other end of relay R Y303 coil and 12V power supply are connected negative pole and are connected with diode D307.
Described capacitance-resistance voltage reduction circuit comprises resistance, X2 safety electric capacity, commutation diode, voltage-stabiliser tube and electric capacity, by protecting drive circuit to drive and providing burning voltage to relay circuit; Resistance R 301, R302, X2 safety capacitor C 301, resistance R 119 form the reduction voltage circuit part, and commutation diode D102-D105, voltage-stabiliser tube ZD103 and electric capacity EC104 form the regulator rectifier circuit part.Described resistance R 301, R302 connect in parallel with X2 safety capacitor C 301, one termination power switch of X2 safety capacitor C 301, the other end is connected with resistance R 119, the other end of resistance R 119 is connected with the bridge rectifier input that commutation diode D102D105 forms, another input of bridge rectifier input is connected with power supply, the positive pole of voltage-stabiliser tube ZD103 is connected negative pole and is connected with the bridge rectifier negative pole of output end with electric capacity EC104, the negative pole of voltage-stabiliser tube ZD103 is connected positive pole and is connected with the bridge rectifier output head anode with electric capacity EC104.
Described relay circuit comprises relay, discharge diode, the switching of control heating wire power supply and capacitance-resistance voltage reduction circuit power supply.Discharge diode is arranged on the path of relay coil; The normally-closed contact of relay is the heating wire power switch, and the normally opened contact of relay is the switch of capacitance-resistance voltage reduction circuit power supply.
Described power circuit comprises diode, electric capacity, resistance, Zener diode, diode D101, electric capacity EC101, resistance R 108, capacitor C 101 form the rectification circuit part, resistance R 101, diode D106, electric capacity EC102, capacitor C 102, form the step-down rectifying circuit part, Zener diode ZD101, resistance R 110 form the mu balanced circuit part.The positive pole of described diode D101 is connected with the heating wire tap, the positive pole of the negative pole of diode D101 and electric capacity EC101, resistance R 108, capacitor C 101, resistance R 101 connects, the other end of resistance R 101 is connected with the positive pole of diode D106, the positive pole of the negative pole of diode D106 and electric capacity EC102, capacitor C 102, the negative pole of Zener diode ZD101, resistance R 110 connects the negative pole of electric capacity EC101, the other end of resistance R 108, the other end of capacitor C 101, the negative pole of electric capacity EC102, the other end of capacitor C 102, the positive pole of Zener diode ZD101, the other end ground connection of resistance R 110.
Normal bread baking process, its mechanical action when the user need to toast bread, is put into bread baking groove 1 with rusk as shown in Figure 3, sets the time of baking bread by the stoving time adjusting knob on the toaster.Then, press handgrip 201, the carriage holder on the bread baking balladeur train 2 of toaster that bread moves down until toaster bread baking groove 1 bottom.At this moment, because the compressing tablet 202 on the balladeur train 2 is depressed the depression bar 401 of power switch 4, power switch 4 conductings, control circuit makes control electromagnet 5 produce suction, make the card 203 on the toast stove carriage 2 of hook 501 belows that are on the electromagnet 5, hooked by the hook 501 on the electromagnet 5, thereby make toaster bread balladeur train 2 and bread be maintained at the bottom of toaster bread baking groove 1.Because the power switch 4 of toaster has been connected, the heating of having switched on of the heater element in the toaster bread baking groove 1 begins to toast bread.When the time of toaster baking bread has reached the time of user's setting, 5 outages of control circuit control electromagnet, electromagnet 5 loses suction, and the card 203 on the balladeur train 2 rises with bread under the effect of the back-moving spring 3 of balladeur train 2, thus the baking of the bread that is through with.
Such as Fig. 1, shown in Figure 3, in normal operation, when flap hand 201 presses down, compressing tablet 202 on the balladeur train 2 is depressed the depression bar of power switch 4, the contact S101 of power switch 4 is closed, power supply is by the contact S101 of power switch 4, relay R Y301, the RY302 normally-closed contact is added to the heating wire two ends, toaster is started working, meanwhile, heating wire tap output 10V left and right sides alternating current is to power unit, and power supply is through fuse F101, diode D101, electric capacity EC101, resistance R 108, capacitor C 101, resistance R 101, diode D106, electric capacity EC102, capacitor C 102, Zener diode ZD101, resistance R 110 output 5V DC voltages are for control circuit.Through the power unit rectifying and voltage-stabilizing, guarantee the normal operation of control section and output.At this moment, control chip U101 the 3rd pin output high level, triode Q102 conducting, electromagnet RY101 adhesive guarantees that electromagnet 5 normally hooks the card 203 on the balladeur train 2, remains on bread baking balladeur train 2, bread carriage and flap hand 201 bottom of toaster.Decontrol flap hand 201 this moment, because the card 203 on the balladeur train 2 is hooked by the hook 501 on the electromagnet 5, and the resilience that also can not make progress of bread baking balladeur train 2, bread carriage and flap hand 201.In addition, this moment, the Q102 current collection is low level very because of triode Q102 conducting, so triode Q101 cut-off, the cut-off of optocoupler U102 output, relay R Y301, RY302 coil blackout, supply voltage is the heating wire stable power-supplying by RY301, RY302, normally-closed contact, the complete machine normal operation.After the working time of toaster reaches the user and sets stoving time, the control circuit of control section is by the 3 pin output low levels of output control chip U101, triode Q102 cut-off, electromagnet 5 outages, bread baking balladeur train 2, bread carriage and the 201 upwards resiliences of flap hand, the contact S101 of disconnecting power switch 4, complete machine outage, end-of-job.Under normal circumstances, the anti-jamming holding circuit of electronics is not work, and the duty of complete machine is the same with conventional toaster.
Under abnormal condition, when flap hand 201 is continued to press down by external force, the toaster complete machine is started working, and this moment, working condition was the same with top normal operation.After the working time reached the user and sets stoving time, control section was by the 3 pin output low levels of output U101, triode Q102 cut-off, electromagnet 5 outages.But this moment, flap hand 201 was because be subjected to external force to continue to press down, the resilience so bread baking balladeur train 2, bread carriage and flap hand 201 can not make progress, depression bar 401 on the power switch 4 is pushed down by the compressing tablet 202 on the balladeur train always and is oppressed switch shrapnel, make the contact S101 on the switch shrapnel closed, the contact S101 on the power switch 4 can't disconnect.Power switch 4 remains closed always.At this moment, after triode Q102 cut-off, the Q102 current collection is high level very, the 12V power supply is electric capacity EC103 charging by electromagnet RY101 coil and resistance R 116, after the voltage of EC103 is higher than 5.1V, Zener diode ZD102 punctures conducting, triode Q101 conducting, the elementary energising of optocoupler U102, secondary conducting, supply voltage is input to capacitance-resistance voltage reduction circuit resistance R 301 by U102 level of optocoupler, resistance R 302, capacitor C 301, resistance R 119, diode D102-D105, voltage-stabiliser tube ZD103 and electric capacity EC104 produce stable DC24V voltage together, drive relay R Y301, the RY302 coil electricity, relay R Y301, the adhesive of RY302 contact, relay R Y301, the RY302 normally-closed contact disconnects, and makes the heating wire outage, whole control circuit outage.This moment is because after the relay adhesive, utilize the self-lock mechanism of relay, supply voltage is input to capacitance-resistance voltage reduction circuit by the normally opened contact of relay R Y301, namely produce together stable DC24V voltage by resistance R 301, R302, capacitor C 301, resistance R 119, diode D102-D105, voltage-stabiliser tube ZD103 and electric capacity EC104, drive relay R Y301, RY302 coil maintenance energising.So guaranteed the stable power-supplying of relay coil, thereby guaranteed the lasting outage of heating wire.Eliminate until push down the external force of toaster flap hand 201, bread baking balladeur train 2, bread carriage and the 201 upwards resiliences of flap hand, the depression bar 401 that compressing tablet 202 on the balladeur train 2 discharges on the power switch 4, contact S101 on the power switch 4 on the switch shrapnel disconnects, and makes the complete machine outage get back to initial holding state.
As shown in Figure 2, the utility model preferred embodiment two relay version integrated circuits and operation principle are just the same with the utility model preferred embodiment one optocoupler version, just use relay to replace optocoupler.Like this at output, relay contact withstand voltage higher than optocoupler, the stability of product is higher, in antagonism EFT test, better effects if during surge test, shortcoming are that the relative optocoupler of the volume of relay is larger, in the situation that physical dimension allows, use the relay scheme, in the situation that physical dimension is limited, can use the optocoupler scheme.
Take the AC230V900W toaster as example, circuit is divided into custom circuit and anti-sticking holding circuit two parts.
The custom circuit part is the same with common toaster control circuit, by the AC power about heating wire extraction 10V, through obtaining the DC voltage of 12V and 5V behind the rectifying and voltage-stabilizing, be respectively the power supply of electromagnet and control circuit, control circuit adopts CMS12530 toaster specialty chip, the user sets rusk by potentiometer VR101 and burns colour gradation, the time of control circuit automatic control panel baking.
The anti-sticking holding circuit partly comprises three parts: drive circuit, capacitance-resistance voltage reduction circuit, relay circuit.
Drive circuit comprises resistance R 116, R117, electrochemical capacitor EC103, Zener diode ZD102, triode Q101, optocoupler U102(or relay R Y303); its effect is at balladeur train 2, when carriage is stuck; namely when anti-card protection situation occurring; guarantee optocoupler U102(or relay R Y303) secondary stable conducting; when anti-card protection situation appears in normal operation, guaranteeing optocoupler U2(or relay R Y303) secondary can the appearance mislead.When the stuck situation of flap hand 201 occurring, after the working time of toaster reaches user's setting-up time, the 3 pin output low levels of control circuit U101, the Q102 cut-off, the 12V direct current is electrochemical capacitor EC103 charging by R116 and electromagnet coil, after the voltage at EC103 two ends is higher than 5.1V, Zener diode ZD102 reverse breakdown, triode Q101 conducting, the 5V direct current passes through R114 point of resistance light coupling U2 elementary (perhaps the 12V direct current is so that relay R Y303 coil electricity), the conducting (perhaps relay R Y303 contact adhesive) of U2 level of optocoupler.Resistance R 116, electrochemical capacitor EC103, Zener diode ZD102 form delay trigger circuit jointly, guarantee to switch on moment at complete machine, Q102 of short duration cut-off might occur because of the reason of control lag, can guarantee optocoupler U102(or relay R Y303 by delay trigger circuit) false triggering can not appear at Q102 between this of short duration off period.The delay time of delay trigger circuit can change by the resistance of adjusting R116, the appearance value of EC103, the voltage stabilizing value of ZD102.
Capacitance-resistance voltage reduction circuit mainly is comprised of resistance R 301, R302, R119, X2 safety capacitor C 301, commutation diode D102-D105, voltage-stabiliser tube ZD103 and electric capacity EC104, and its effect is to provide stable power supply for relay R Y301, RY3032 coil when anti-card protection starts.
Need to take into full account the voltage of the reliable adhesive of relay of in the mains fluctuations scope, in X2 capacitor C 301 appearance value error ranges, can both giving security during the design capacitance-resistance voltage reduction circuit.Be AC230V+5% according to the supply voltage parameter for example ,-10%, frequency 50Hz, the X2 capacitance error designs for ± 10%, because single relay coil parameter is DC12V, 0.36W, the coil resistance is specified 400 ohm, stable pick-up voltage is 9.4V.Therefore selecting the appearance value of X2 electric capacity is 0.47UF250V, 400 ohm of single relay both end voltage=current flowings * relay-coil resistance, current flowing=0.89 * 2 π fUC, the lower limit of-state voltage that calculates the single relay coil of this circuit is 9.79V, this moment, the voltage-stabiliser tube current flowing was 0mA; Rated condition voltage is 12V, and this moment, the voltage-stabiliser tube current flowing was 0.21mA, and consumed power is 0.00252W; Upper limit of-state voltage is 12V, and this moment, the voltage-stabiliser tube current flowing was 4.89mA, and consumed power is 0.05868W; All design parameters are all in the scope of a reliably working.
Relay circuit mainly is comprised of relay R Y301, RY302, discharge diode D305, D306, and the effect of discharge diode D305, D306 is behind relay R Y301, RY302 coil blackout, the remaining capacity on the coil can be bled off fast; The effect of relay R Y301, RY302 relay is in normal operation, allow working power be added to the two ends of heating wire by its normally-closed contact, after the stuck situation of flap hand occurring, can its normally-closed contact of automatic disconnection, allow heating wire cut off the power supply, simultaneously by closed self normally opened contact, the principle of utilizing the relay self-locking provides working power for the coil of oneself.
Above content is in conjunction with concrete preferred embodiment further detailed description of the utility model, can not assert that implementation of the present utility model is confined to these explanations.For the utility model person of an ordinary skill in the technical field; make without departing from the concept of the premise utility some alternative or obvious modification that are equal to; and performance or purposes are identical, all should be considered as belonging to the scope of patent protection that the utility model is determined by claims of submitting to.