CN107437849B - Local power network on-line switch modulation digital communication control system - Google Patents
Local power network on-line switch modulation digital communication control system Download PDFInfo
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- H02J13/0062—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H11/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result
- H02H11/006—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result in case of too high or too low voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/06—Circuits specially adapted for rendering non-conductive gas discharge tubes or equivalent semiconductor devices, e.g. thyratrons, thyristors
Abstract
The utility model discloses a local power utilization network on-line switch modulation digital communication control system, which comprises a master network controller and a slave network controller. The master and slave network controllers form a local area communication network through a power supply line. The main network controller sends information by controlling the power switch to generate instant power failure pulses with different pulse widths on the power supply line, and the auxiliary network controller detects and records the instant power failure pulses with different pulse widths through the information extraction circuit to acquire the information. The utility model realizes the data communication between the master network controller and the slave network controller according to different pulse widths representing different data information. The intelligent control system has the beneficial effects of simple control mode, long transmission distance, no energy consumption and low cost, and can realize intelligent control on LED illumination and other electric equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a power supply network control system, in particular to a local power utilization network on-line switch modulation digital communication control system.
Background
The management of a local power network is an important regulatory component in the management of the power network. With the continuous development of intelligent home, industrial automation control and remote information management of the internet of things, the market demand of management of a local power utilization network is more urgent. In the current technical environment, the local electric equipment network management multi-acquisition GPRS or the wired power carrier is used for controlling the monitoring management of a plurality of electric equipment on one power supply line, and the method has the problems of high manufacturing cost, multiple equipment quantity, complicated use and maintenance and relatively high cost.
Patent number CN201520416793 discloses an offline network management control system for local electric equipment. The utility model discloses an offline network management control system of local electric equipment, which comprises a power supply line, wherein a power supply control switch K1 is connected in series at the power supply input start end of the power supply line, the switch K1 is connected in parallel with an offline network power supply management controller and a communication interface switch K2 which are connected in series with each other, a plurality of electric appliances connected in parallel with each other are also connected on the power supply line, and each electric appliance is respectively connected with a slave network controller; the off-line network power management controller comprises a main network controller, wherein the input end of the main network controller is connected with a power input interface, a keyboard, an Internet interface and a USB interface, and the output end of the main network controller is connected with a power output interface, a data communication interface, a display and a warning lamp. The system can complete the manual and automatic control switch power transmission function; the data communication is carried out with the slave single-chip computer in an off-line state to realize the monitoring management function; the communication function with the computer, the mobile phone and the Internet can be realized through the USB interface and the Internet interface. The utility model has single communication function and can not meet the increasing control demands of electric appliances.
Patent number CN102118183a power carrier communication method and apparatus, comprising the steps of: an information acquisition step, wherein a physical layer receives a pilot signal to obtain channel state information; a synchronization state information step, wherein the physical layer and the data transmission control layer synchronize the channel state information; an information processing step of obtaining a data packet which is needed and can be communicated according to the channel state information; and a communication step, namely alternately occupying time periods to transmit the data packets which are needed and can be communicated. The communication principle is complex, the use is inconvenient, and the practicality is poor.
Therefore, designing a local area network communication control system with low cost, simple control method and convenient use for base layer technicians becomes an urgent requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the technical problems that: the on-line switch modulation digital communication control system of the domain power utilization network has the functions of simple structure, convenient operation, long transmission distance, high communication efficiency, low cost and strong practicability.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: the local power utilization network on-line switch modulation digital communication control system is characterized in that: including a master network controller and a slave network controller. The main network controller comprises a power switch, a drive control circuit, a main microcontroller, a power-off buffer circuit, an Internet of things communication module electrically connected with the main microcontroller, a keyboard, a display unit, a power grid synchronous signal extraction circuit and a main power supply module. The power switch is connected in series in a power supply circuit, a power-off buffer circuit is connected in series between the input end of the drive control circuit and the main microcontroller, the output end of the drive control circuit is electrically connected with the control end of the power switch, the main power module is electrically connected with the power supply circuit of the power grid end of the input end of the power switch, and the power grid synchronous signal extraction circuit is electrically connected with the power supply circuit of the rear end of the output end of the power switch. The slave network controller comprises a slave microcontroller, a synchronous information extraction circuit, a slave power module and a slave control unit, wherein the slave microcontroller is electrically connected with the synchronous information extraction circuit, the slave power module and the slave control unit, and the synchronous information input circuit and the slave power module are electrically connected with a power supply circuit at the rear end of the output end of the power switch.
Preferably, the power supply line is an ac power supply grid.
More preferably, the power grid synchronization signal extraction circuit comprises a first current limiting resistor, a second current limiting resistor, a first rectifier bridge and a first photoelectric coupler, wherein the first current limiting resistor and the second current limiting resistor are respectively connected in series between an alternating current input end of the first rectifier bridge and zero and fire wires of a power supply circuit at the rear end of an output end of a power switch, a direct current output end of the first rectifier bridge is connected in series with the resistors and then is electrically connected with an anode and a cathode of the input end of the first photoelectric coupler, an emitter output pin of the first photoelectric coupler is electrically connected with a main microcontroller, and a collector of the first photoelectric coupler is electrically connected with the anode of a power supply.
More preferably, the synchronous information extraction circuit comprises a third current limiting resistor, a fourth current limiting resistor, a second rectifier bridge and a second photoelectric coupler, wherein the third current limiting resistor and the fourth current limiting resistor are respectively connected in series between an alternating current input end of the second rectifier bridge and zero and fire wires of a power supply circuit at the rear end of an output end of a power switch, a direct current output end of the second rectifier bridge is connected in series with the resistors and then is electrically connected with an anode and a cathode of an input end of the second photoelectric coupler, an emitter output pin of the second photoelectric coupler is electrically connected with a slave microcontroller, and a collector pin of the second photoelectric coupler is electrically connected with an anode of a power supply.
More preferably, the slave power module is a switching power supply, the switching power supply is provided with an energy storage element, the input end of the switching power supply is electrically connected with zero and live wires of a power supply line at the rear end of the output end of the power switch, the output end of the slave power module is electrically connected with the slave microcontroller, and the energy storage element is used for ensuring that the slave network controller works normally for a period of time at the moment of power failure of the power supply line.
Preferably, the power switch is a contactor, a normally open contact of the power switch is connected in series at one end of the power supply circuit connected with the power grid, and one end of a coil winding of the power switch is electrically connected with a zero line of the power supply circuit at the front end of an input end of the power switch. The other end of the coil winding of the power switch is connected with a drive control circuit in series and then is electrically connected with a live wire of a power supply circuit at the front end of the input end of the power switch.
Preferably, the switch driving circuit comprises an optocoupler, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a capacitor and a silicon controlled rectifier. The input end of the optocoupler is electrically connected with the power-off buffer circuit, the fifth resistor and the sixth resistor are connected in series between the first end of the output end of the optocoupler and the first main electrode of the silicon controlled rectifier, the second end of the output end of the optocoupler is electrically connected with the gate electrode of the silicon controlled rectifier, one end of the capacitor is electrically connected with the second main electrode of the silicon controlled rectifier, the other end of the capacitor is connected between the fifth resistor and the sixth resistor, a coil winding of the power switch is connected in series between one main electrode of the silicon controlled rectifier and a zero line of a power supply line at the front end of the power switch, and the other main electrode of the silicon controlled rectifier is electrically connected with a live wire of the power supply line at the front end of the power switch.
More preferably, the power-off buffer circuit comprises a seventh resistor, a first diode, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a first triode, a second triode, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor and a tenth resistor. One end of the seventh resistor is used as a power-on power transmission signal control end and is electrically connected with a microcontroller of the main network controller, the other end of the seventh resistor is electrically connected with a base electrode of the first triode, a collector electrode of the second triode and an anode electrode of the first diode, cathodes of the first diode and cathodes of the second diode are connected in parallel and are used as power-off pulse signal control ends and are connected with the main microcontroller of the main network controller, anodes of the first diode are respectively electrically connected with the base electrode of the first triode and the collector electrode of the second triode, a ninth resistor is connected between the anode electrode of the second diode and the base electrode of the second triode in series, an eighth resistor is connected between the anode electrode of the second diode and the collector electrode of the first triode in series, an emitter electrode of the second triode is grounded, one end of the tenth resistor and an anode electrode of the second capacitor are connected with a cathode electrode of the power supply in parallel and then electrically connected with an anode electrode of the second capacitor, a cathode electrode of the second capacitor is grounded, a ninth resistor is connected between the other end of the tenth resistor and the base electrode of the first triode in series with a collector electrode of the first triode in series, and a driving circuit is connected with a collector electrode of the first triode in series.
A communication method of a local area network on-line switch modulation digital communication control system comprises the following steps:
the main microcontroller controls the power switch to generate an instantaneous power-off pulse on the power supply circuit, the width of the power-off pulse represents the data length of a code element, and the data length of each corresponding code element is different due to different pulse widths, so that information is encoded according to the different code element data lengths;
the main microcontroller converts the obtained control instruction into a group of code metadata, then compiles the group of code metadata into a driving program for generating different instantaneous power failure pulse widths, and then transmits the driving pulse to the driving control circuit;
and 4, data demodulation, specifically:
the slave network controller detects the instantaneous power failure pulse through the synchronous information extraction circuit and transmits the instantaneous power failure pulse to the slave microcontroller of the slave network controller through the emitter output pin of the second photoelectric coupler, and the slave microcontroller of the slave network controller calculates the width of the instantaneous power failure pulse;
the slave microcontroller of the slave network controller converts the detected single instantaneous power failure pulse information into a group of code elements with data information, decodes the code elements according to a preset communication protocol and generates a control instruction;
and step 5, the slave microcontroller of the slave network controller sends a control instruction to the slave control unit, and the slave control unit generates PWM and switch control information according to the control instruction so as to control the electric equipment.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
1. the utility model realizes communication by generating instantaneous power failure pulse on the power supply line, and has the beneficial effects of simplifying power supply and communication lines;
2. the communication mode of the utility model has the advantages of simple control, long transmission distance and no influence of line impedance;
3. the utility model has the beneficial effects that the transmission of information is realized by generating the instantaneous power failure pulse, and the power consumption is low;
4. the utility model has the beneficial effects that only master-slave network controllers are needed to be added on the power supply lines, and the installation and construction are convenient;
5. the intelligent lighting system has the characteristics of strong practicability and wide application range, and can be used in the fields of intelligent lighting, intelligent home furnishing, industrial automation control and the like.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a system block diagram of a local area power network on-line switch modulated digital communication control system of the present utility model,
figure 2 is a circuit block diagram of a master network controller of the local area network on-line switch modulated digital communication control system of the present utility model,
figure 3 is a circuit block diagram of a slave network controller of the local area network on-line switch modulated digital communication control system of the present utility model,
figure 4 is a circuit diagram of a power switch, a drive control circuit, and a power-off buffer circuit of a main network controller of the local power network on-line switch modulation digital communication control system of the present utility model,
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a master-slave network controller implementing communication for a local area power network on-line switch modulated digital communication control system of the present utility model.
In the figure:
1. the power supply circuit, 2, a master network controller, 21, a power switch, 22, a driving control circuit, 23, a power grid synchronous signal extraction circuit, 24, a power-off buffer circuit, 25, an internet of things communication module, 26, a keyboard, 27 display units, 3, a slave network controller, 31, a synchronous information input circuit, 32, a slave control unit, 41, a master microcontroller, 42, a slave microcontroller, 51, a master power module, 52 and a slave power module.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical scheme and beneficial effects of the present utility model clearer, the following further explain the embodiments of the present utility model in detail.
As shown in fig. 1, the local area network on-line switch modulation digital communication control system comprises a master network controller 2 and a slave network controller 3. The master and slave network controllers 2, 3 are connected by a power supply line 1 and constitute a local area power network communication system. Preferably, the power supply line 1 is a single power supply network of 220V ac, and comprises a neutral line and a live line. One end of the power supply line 1 is connected with a mains supply power grid, the main network controller 2 is arranged at one end, close to the mains supply power grid, of the power supply line 1, and a plurality of slave network controllers 3 are arranged and connected on the power supply line 1 in parallel. The master and slave network controllers 2, 3 can form a local area communication network through the master network controller 2, the slave network controller 3 and the power supply line 1 to realize communication.
The master network controller 2 is a hub of the entire system, and is an issuer of a control command. As shown in fig. 2, the main network controller 2 includes a power switch 21, a drive control circuit 22, a main microcontroller 41, a power-off buffer circuit 24, an internet of things communication module 25 electrically connected with the main microcontroller 41, a keyboard 26, a display unit 27, a power grid synchronization signal extraction circuit 23, and a main power module 51. In order to prevent the influence of the instantaneous power failure pulse on the main network controller 2, the main power module 51 is electrically connected with the zero line and the live line of the front-end power supply line 1 at the input end of the power switch 21, that is, the main power module 51 is electrically connected with the power supply line 1 at the end, close to the power grid, of the switch power supply 21. An output of the main power module 51 is electrically connected to the main microcontroller 41 for supplying power to the main network controller 2. The keyboard 26, the display unit 27 and the internet of things communication module 25 which are electrically connected with the main microcontroller 41 of the main network controller 2 are used for realizing the acquisition of control instructions. The keyboard 26 and the display unit 27 are used for inputting instructions for displaying data, and the communication module 25 of the internet of things is used for transmitting instructions on a computer or a mobile phone to the main microcontroller 41 of the main network controller 2 in a communication mode. The internet of things communication module 25 is a communication module connecting a terminal device and the internet, and transmits information of the terminal device to the internet so as to be controlled by a mobile phone and a computer.
The master network controller 2 of the system transmits information to the slave network controller 3 connected to the power supply line 1 by generating a momentary power outage pulse of different pulse widths on the power supply line 1 as a carrier of information. The main network controller 2 thus requires a controllable switching device, namely a power switch 21, to be mounted on the supply line 1. Therefore, the power switch 21 is connected in series to one end of the power supply line 1 and one end of the utility power supply network, so as to generate an instantaneous power failure pulse on the power supply line 1. In the prior art, the contactor and the relay can be used as the power switch 21, and along with the development of the power electronic technology, the on-off control is also a more common mode by using components such as a high-power biphase thyristor, an IGBT and the like.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the power switch 21 uses a contactor to control the instantaneous power outage. The contactor is provided with normally closed and normally open contacts and a coil winding. In order to achieve a power outage, the normally open contacts of the control relay are connected in series between the mains supply network and the supply line 1, i.e. all the slave network controllers 3 are mounted on the supply line 1 at the rear end of the output of the power switch 21. Preferably, the rated voltage of the coil winding of the contactor is 220V alternating current. Therefore, one end of the coil winding of the contactor is electrically connected to the zero line of the power supply line 1 on the power grid side of the power switch 21, and the other end is electrically connected in series with the drive control circuit 22 and the live wire of the power supply line 1 on the power grid side of the power switch 21.
Since the power switch 21 is connected in series to the 220V power supply line 1, if the main microcontroller 41 directly controls the power switch 21, a phenomenon of interference or even burning of the main microcontroller 41 occurs, and thus the power switch 21 needs a driving control circuit 22 to realize isolation of strong and weak currents. The drive control circuit 22 drives the power switch 21 to realize the on-off of the power supply line 1 according to the control instruction sent by the main microcontroller 41.
Preferably, in order to realize control of energization and deenergization of the contactor coil winding of the power switch 21 by the drive control circuit 22, the drive control circuit 22 uses a silicon controlled rectifier SCR as a contactless switch. In order to realize isolation from 220V mains supply network and ensure the safety of the main network controller 2, an optical coupler V3 is arranged in the drive control circuit 22. The drive control circuit 22 further includes fifth and sixth resistors R5, R6 and a capacitor C31. The input terminal of the optocoupler V3 is electrically connected to the main microcontroller 41 of the main network controller 2. In the present utility model, in order to secure the safety of the slave network controller 3, the power-off buffer circuit 24 is connected in series between the master microcontroller 41 and the drive control circuit 22, so that the input terminal of the optocoupler V3 and the output terminal of the power-off buffer circuit 24 are electrically connected. Fifth and sixth resistors R5 and R6 are connected in series between the first end of the output end of the optocoupler V3 and the first main electrode of the silicon controlled rectifier SCR, and the second end of the output end of the optocoupler V3 is electrically connected with the gate electrode of the silicon controlled rectifier SCR to drive the on-off of the silicon controlled rectifier SCR. One end of the capacitor C31 is electrically connected with the connection point of the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6, and the other end of the capacitor C31 is electrically connected with the second main electrode of the silicon controlled rectifier SCR. The first and second main electrodes of the SCR are used to control the coil windings of the contactor of the power switch 21, i.e. the first main electrode of the SCR is electrically connected with one end of the coil windings of the power switch 21, and the other main electrode is electrically connected with the power supply line 1 at the front end of the input end of the power switch 21.
Preferably, in order to verify whether the control command issued by the main network controller 2 is correct, a grid synchronization information extraction circuit 23 is provided in the main network controller 2. The power grid synchronization information extraction circuit 23 is used for collecting and converting the instantaneous power failure pulse signal on the power supply line 1 and then transmitting the instantaneous power failure pulse signal to the main microcontroller 41 of the main network controller 2 for processing. The power grid synchronization signal extraction circuit 23 comprises a first current limiting resistor R1, a second current limiting resistor R2, a first rectifying bridge BD1 and a first photoelectric coupler V1, wherein the first current limiting resistor R1 and the second current limiting resistor R2 are respectively connected in series between an alternating current input end of the first rectifying bridge BD1 and zero and fire wires of the power supply circuit 1, a resistor is connected in series between a direct current output end of the first rectifying bridge BD1 and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the first photoelectric coupler V1, and an emitter output pin of the first photoelectric coupler V1 is electrically connected with the main microcontroller 41 of the main network controller 2.
Because the power grid has the phenomenon of power failure in the control process, the phenomenon of immediate power transmission after power failure can occur due to the reclosing protection function of the power supply grid, the short power failure interval of the power grid can enable the slave network controller 3 to generate power failure shutdown, and the restarting of the slave network controller 3 needs a certain initialization time, so as to prevent the influence of the rapid restarting of the power grid on the slave network controller 3, the power switch 21 in the master network controller 2 is locked after the power grid is powered off, and the power transmission is performed on the power supply line 1 after waiting for a certain period to protect the normal operation of the circuit of the slave network controller 3. A power-down buffer circuit 24 is thus connected in series between the drive control circuit 22 and the microcontroller 41.
Preferably, the power-off buffer circuit 24 includes a seventh resistor R7, first and second diodes D1 and D2, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, first and second transistors Q1 and Q2, eighth and ninth resistors R8, R9 and R10.
One end of the seventh resistor R7 is used as a power-on power transmission signal control end and is electrically connected with the main microcontroller 41. The other end of the seventh resistor R7 is respectively connected with the base electrode of the first triode Q1 to drive the first triode Q1 to be conducted. The cathodes of the first and second diodes D1 and D2 are connected in parallel and then serve as control terminals for the instantaneous power-off pulse signal for connecting to the main microcontroller 41. The anode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected with the base electrode of the first triode Q1 and the collector electrode of the second triode Q2. A ninth resistor R9 is connected in series between the anode of the second diode D2 and the base of the second triode Q2. An eighth resistor R8 is connected in series between the anode of the second diode D2 and the collector of the first triode Q1. A third capacitor C3 is connected in series between the anode of the second diode D2 and the emitter of the second triode Q2. The emitter of the second transistor Q2 is grounded. The emitter of the first transistor Q1 is grounded. One end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected in parallel with the positive electrode of the second capacitor C2 and then electrically connected to the positive electrode VDD of the power supply. The negative electrode of the second capacitor C2 is grounded. The other end of the tenth resistor R10 and the collector of the first transistor Q1 serve as the output terminals for the control signal. In the utility model, the other end of the tenth resistor R10 and the collector of the first triode Q1 are connected in series with an optocoupler V3 of the drive control circuit 22 and are used for connecting with a silicon controlled rectifier SCR in the drive control circuit 22.
The main microcontroller 41 of the main network controller 2 is electrically connected to the input of the power-off buffer circuit 24, the output of the power-off buffer circuit 24 is electrically connected to the input of the drive control circuit 22, and the output of the drive control circuit 22 is electrically connected to the input of the power switch 21. The working principle is as follows:
1. start-up from the network controller 3. As can be seen from the interrupt buffer circuit 24 of fig. 4, when the control end of the power-on signal is at the high level, the first triode Q1 is turned on, the second triode Q2 is turned off, the optocoupler V3 is driven to be turned on, the SCR is controlled to be turned on after the optocoupler V3 is turned on, and the contactor coil winding of the power switch 21 is electrified to enable the power switch 21 to be attracted, so that the power supply circuit 1 is electrified to enable the slave network controller 3 to be started.
2. Protection from the network controller 3. Since the capacitor and inductor in the slave network controller 3 and the energy storage elements such as the chip need a certain time to discharge and reset after power failure, the slave network controller 3 can normally start up. As can be seen from the circuit structure of the interrupt buffer circuit 24 in fig. 4, when the shutdown signal occurs, i.e. the control terminal of the power-on signal has a high level to a low level, the power supply VDD is powered down. At this time, the electric energy stored in the capacitor C2 is discharged to the ground through the tenth resistor R10, the optocoupler V3, the eighth resistor R8, the ninth resistor R9, and the base of the second triode Q2, and drives the second triode Q2 to turn on to pull the base potential of the first triode Q1 low so as to lock the first triode Q1 off, because the optocoupler V3 is of a current driving type, the input current of the optocoupler V3 is small due to the fact that the resistance value of the eighth resistor R8 and the ninth resistor R9 is larger, the output end of the driving optocoupler V3 is turned off, the bidirectional thyristor loses the trigger signal to turn off the control power switch 21 to release, and during this period, if the power-on high level signal is added again, the base potential of the first triode Q1 is turned on and pulled down by the second triode Q2, so that the power-off reset from the network controller 3 cannot be started in a period of time, and the effect of protecting the power-off reset is achieved. After the capacitor C2 is completely discharged, the second triode Q2 is turned on to be turned off and the base electrode of the first triode Q1 is unlocked. The influence of the person continuously pressing the start button and reclosing after the power supply network is powered off on the slave network controller 3 is thus prevented.
And 3, generating an instantaneous power failure pulse. When the control end of the power-on signal in the power-off buffer circuit 24 is at a high level, the power switch 21 is in a closed state. When the instantaneous power-off pulse signal occurs, the control end of the main micro controller 41 outputs a low-level pulse signal through the first diode D1 and the second diode D2, so that the voltage of the base electrode of the first triode Q1 is pulled down, the first triode Q1 is turned off, and the power switch 21 is controlled to be turned off through the driving control circuit 22, namely, the instantaneous power-off pulse starts. Meanwhile, the voltage of the base electrode of the second triode Q2 is pulled down by the action of the second diode D2, so that the second triode Q2 is turned off, the power-off protection function is effectively relieved during the power-off pulse, the first triode Q1 is conducted when the power-off pulse is ended, namely the control end of the main micro controller 41 is turned into high level through the low level output by the first diode D1 and the second diode D2, the driving control circuit 22 is controlled to conduct the bidirectional thyristor SCR and drive the power switch 21 to be attracted, and the generation process of an instantaneous power-off pulse is completed. The instantaneous power failure pulse time is more than ten milliseconds.
The master network controller 2 is configured to send data or control commands and the slave network controller 3 is configured to receive data and control commands. As shown in fig. 3, the slave network controller 3 includes a slave microcontroller 42, a synchronization information extraction circuit 31, a slave power supply module 52, and a slave control unit 32. The slave microcontroller 42 and the slave power supply module 52 are basic circuits that the slave network controller 3 operates. The synchronous information extraction circuit 31 is used for collecting and converting the instantaneous power failure pulse signal on the power supply line 1 and transmitting the instantaneous power failure pulse signal to the slave microcontroller 42. The slave control unit 32 is configured to execute a control instruction acquired from the network controller 3 on the power supply line 1.
More preferably, the synchronous information extraction circuit 31 includes third and fourth current limiting resistors R3 and R4, a second rectifying bridge BD2, and a second photo coupler V2, where the third current limiting resistor R3 and the fourth current limiting resistor R4 are respectively connected in series between the ac input end of the second rectifying bridge BD2 and the zero and live wires of the power supply line, and a resistor is connected in series between the dc output end of the second rectifying bridge BD2 and the positive and negative poles of the second photo coupler V2, so as to limit the current of the second photo coupler V2. The emitter output pin of the second photocoupler V2 is electrically connected with the slave microcontroller 42 of the slave network controller 3, so as to transmit the instantaneous power failure pulse signal to the slave microcontroller 42 for data processing.
Preferably, in order to prevent the slave network controller 3 from powering down when the instantaneous power failure pulse is generated, the slave power module 52 of the slave network controller 3 is provided with a switching power supply of an energy storage element. The zero line and the live line of the power supply line 1 at the rear end of the input end of the slave power supply module 52 and the output end of the power supply switch 21 are electrically connected, and the output end of the slave power supply module 52 is electrically connected with the slave microcontroller 42. The energy storage element is used for ensuring that the slave network controller 3 can work normally at the moment of power failure of the power supply line 1. More preferably, in the prior art, the more commonly used energy storage element is an electrolytic capacitor, two electrodes of the electrolytic capacitor are connected in parallel with the output end of the switching power supply, and when the alternating current of the switching power supply is powered off, the electric energy stored in the electrolytic capacitor provides power for each element in the slave network controller 3. The data transmission mode of the control system can be applied to an alternating current power distribution network and a direct current power supply network.
The above is a description of the structure of the local power network on-line switch modulation digital communication control system, and a specific method for implementing communication by the master and slave network controllers 2 and 3 of the system is described below. As shown in fig. 5, the method comprises the following steps:
1.1, inputting control instructions into the main microcontroller 41 of the main network controller 2 via the keyboard 26 and the display unit 27;
1.2, sending a control instruction to a main microcontroller 41 of the main network controller 2 through a computer or a mobile phone by the communication module 25 of the internet of things;
and 2, modulating data. The method comprises the following steps:
the main microcontroller 41 controls the power switch 21 to generate a single instantaneous power-off pulse on the power supply line 1, the width of the power-off pulse represents the data length of each code element, the data length of each corresponding code element is different because the pulse width is different, and information is encoded according to the different code element data lengths;
the master microcontroller 41 converts the resulting control instructions into a set of code metadata, which is then converted into a driver that generates different instantaneous power outage pulses, which the master microcontroller 41 then passes to the drive control circuit 22.
And 4, data demodulation. The method comprises the following steps:
the slave network controller 3 detects the instantaneous power failure pulse through the synchronous information extraction circuit 31 and transmits the instantaneous power failure pulse to the slave microcontroller 42 of the slave network controller 3 through the emitter output pin of the second photoelectric coupler V2, and the slave microcontroller 42 of the slave network controller 3 calculates the width of the instantaneous power failure pulse;
the slave microcontroller (42) of the slave network controller (3) converts the detected single instantaneous power failure pulse information into a group of code elements with data information, decodes the code elements according to a preset communication protocol and generates a control instruction;
and step 5, the slave microcontroller 42 of the slave network controller 3 sends a control instruction to the slave control unit 32, and the slave control unit 32 generates control information such as PWM, switch and the like according to the control instruction and controls the electric equipment.
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model, and the related workers can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present utility model. The technical scope of the present utility model is not limited to the description, but includes all equivalent changes and modifications in shape, construction, characteristics and spirit according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The local power utilization network on-line switch modulation digital communication control system is characterized in that:
comprises a master network controller (2) and a slave network controller (3),
the main network controller (2) comprises a power switch (21), a driving control circuit (22), a main microcontroller (41), a power-off buffer circuit (24), an Internet of things communication module (25), a keyboard (26), a display unit (27), a power grid synchronous signal extraction circuit (23) and a main power module (51) which are electrically connected with the main microcontroller (41),
the power switch (21) is connected in series in the power supply circuit (1), a power-off buffer circuit (24) is connected in series between the input end of the drive control circuit (22) and the main microcontroller (41), the output end of the drive control circuit (22) is electrically connected with the control end of the power switch (21), the main power module (51) is electrically connected with the power supply circuit (1) of the power grid end of the input end of the power switch (21), the power grid synchronous signal extraction circuit (23) is electrically connected with the power supply circuit (1) of the rear end of the output end of the power switch (21),
the slave network controller (3) comprises a slave microcontroller (42), a synchronous information extraction circuit (31), a slave power module (52) and a slave control unit (32), wherein the slave microcontroller (42) is electrically connected with the synchronous information extraction circuit (31), the slave power module (52) and the slave control unit (32), and the synchronous information extraction circuit (31) and the slave power module (52) are electrically connected with a power supply circuit (1) at the rear end of the output end of the power switch (21);
the power-off buffer circuit (24) comprises a seventh resistor (R7), a first diode (D1), a second diode (D2), a second capacitor (C2), a third capacitor (C3), a first triode (Q1), a second triode (Q2), an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor and a tenth resistor (R8, R9 and R10),
one end of the seventh resistor (R7) is used as a power-on power transmission signal control end and is electrically connected with a main microcontroller (41) of the main network controller (2), the other end of the seventh resistor (R7) is electrically connected with a base electrode of the first triode (Q1), a collector electrode of the second triode (Q2) and an anode of the first diode (D1), cathodes of the first and second diodes (D1 and D2) are connected in parallel and serve as power failure pulse signal control ends and are used for being connected with a main microcontroller (41) of the main network controller (2), an anode of the first diode (D1) is electrically connected with a base electrode of the first triode (Q1) and a collector electrode of the second triode (Q2), a ninth resistor (R9) is connected between an anode of the second diode (D2) and a collector electrode of the first triode (Q1) in series, an eighth resistor (R8) is connected between an anode of the second diode (D2) and a collector electrode of the second triode (Q2) in series, an anode of the second diode (D2) and a cathode of the second diode (C2) are connected with a capacitor of the second triode (Q2) in series, and a capacitor of the second triode (Q2) is connected with the anode of the second diode (C2) in series, and a capacitor of the second triode (C2) is connected with the ground, and the capacitor of the second triode (C2) is connected with the capacitor (C2 in series, and a optocoupler (V3) is connected in series between the other end of the tenth resistor (R10) and the collector electrode of the first triode (Q1) and is used for controlling a driving control circuit (22), and the emitter electrode of the first triode (Q1) is grounded.
2. The local area power-on-line switch-modulated digital communication control system of claim 1, wherein:
the power supply line (1) is an alternating current power supply grid.
3. The local area power-on-line switch-modulated digital communication control system of claim 1, wherein:
the power grid synchronous signal extraction circuit (23) comprises a first current limiting resistor (R1), a second current limiting resistor (R2), a first rectifying bridge (BD 1) and a first photoelectric coupler (V1), wherein the first current limiting resistor (R1) and the second current limiting resistor (R2) are respectively connected in series between an alternating current input end of the first rectifying bridge (BD 1) and zero and fire wires of a power supply circuit (1) at the rear end of an output end of a power switch (21), a direct current output end of the first rectifying bridge (BD 1) is connected with an anode and a cathode of an input end of the first photoelectric coupler (V1) in series, an emitter output pin of the first photoelectric coupler (V1) is electrically connected with a main microcontroller (41), and a collector of the first photoelectric coupler (V1) is electrically connected with a positive electrode of a power supply.
4. The local area power-on-line switch-modulated digital communication control system of claim 1, wherein:
the synchronous information extraction circuit (31) comprises a third current limiting resistor (R3) and a fourth current limiting resistor (R4), a second rectifying bridge (BD 2) and a second photoelectric coupler (V2), wherein the third current limiting resistor (R3) and the fourth current limiting resistor (R4) are respectively connected in series between an alternating current input end of the second rectifying bridge (BD 2) and a zero line and a fire line of a power supply circuit (1) at the rear end of an output end of a power switch (21), a direct current output end of the second rectifying bridge (BD 2) is connected with an anode and a cathode of an input end of the second photoelectric coupler (V2) after being connected with the resistors in series, and an emitter output pin of the second photoelectric coupler (V2) is electrically connected with a slave microcontroller (42), and a collector pin of the second photoelectric coupler (V2) is electrically connected with a power supply anode.
5. The local area power-on-line switch-modulated digital communication control system of claim 1, wherein:
the secondary power supply module (52) is a switching power supply, the switching power supply is provided with an energy storage element, the input end of the switching power supply is electrically connected with zero and live wires of a power supply circuit (1) at the rear end of the output end of a power switch (21), the output end of the secondary power supply module (52) is electrically connected with a secondary microcontroller (42), and the energy storage element is used for ensuring normal operation of the secondary network controller (3) at the moment when the power supply circuit (1) is powered off.
6. The local area power-on-line switch-modulated digital communication control system of claim 1, wherein:
the power switch (21) is a contactor, a normally open contact of the power switch (21) is connected in series with one end of the power supply circuit (1) connected with a power grid, one end of a coil winding of the power switch (21) is electrically connected with a zero line of the power supply circuit (1) at the front end of the power switch (21), and the other end of the coil winding of the power switch (21) is connected in series with a drive control circuit (22) and then electrically connected with a live wire of the power supply circuit (1) at the front end of the power switch (21).
7. The communication method of a local area network on-line switch modulation digital communication control system according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
step 1, a main network controller (2) acquires a control instruction, and the method for acquiring the control instruction comprises the following steps:
1.1, transmitting control instructions to a main microcontroller (41) of a main network controller (2) through a keyboard (26) and a display unit (27);
1.2, sending a control instruction to a main microcontroller (41) of the main network controller (2) through a computer or a mobile phone by an Internet of things communication module (25);
step 2, data modulation, specifically:
the main microcontroller (41) controls the power switch (21) to generate an instantaneous power-off pulse on the power supply line (1), the width of the power-off pulse represents the data length of a code element, the data length of each corresponding code element is different because the pulse width is different, and information is encoded according to the different code element data lengths;
the main microcontroller (41) converts the obtained control instruction into a group of code metadata, then compiles the group of code metadata into a driving program for generating different instantaneous power failure pulse widths, and the main microcontroller (41) transmits the driving pulse to the driving control circuit (22);
step 3, a drive control circuit (22) of the main network controller (2) controls a power switch (21) to generate a group of instantaneous power failure pulses according to the instruction of the main microcontroller (41);
and 4, data demodulation, specifically:
the slave network controller (3) detects the instantaneous power failure pulse through the synchronous information extraction circuit (31) and transmits the instantaneous power failure pulse to the slave microcontroller (42) of the slave network controller (3) through the emitter output pin of the second photoelectric coupler (V2), and the slave microcontroller (42) of the slave network controller (3) calculates the width of the instantaneous power failure pulse;
the slave microcontroller (42) of the slave network controller (3) converts a group of detected instantaneous power failure pulse information into a group of code elements with data information, decodes the code elements according to a preset communication protocol and generates a control instruction;
and step 5, a slave microcontroller (42) of the slave network controller (3) sends a control instruction to the slave control unit (32), and the slave control unit (32) generates PWM and switch control information according to the control instruction to control the electric equipment.
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