CN202612523U

CN202612523U - Steel ball speed regulator type automatic transmission

Info

Publication number: CN202612523U
Application number: CN 201220129267
Authority: CN
Inventors: 梁天宇
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-03-28
Filing date: 2012-03-28
Publication date: 2012-12-19
Anticipated expiration: 2022-03-28

Abstract

The utility model discloses a steel ball speed regulator type automatic transmission. The automatic transmission is characterized in that a group of steel balls are assembled between a driving disk and a driven disk, an engine drives the driving disk directly through a main shaft, an oil cylinder exerts pressure on the driving disk and the driven disk to clamp steel balls tightly, the motive power and the torque are transferred through friction of steel balls, positions of steel balls can be adjusted, when steel balls are far away from the main shaft, the transmission ratio is reduced, the revolving speed of the driven disk is increased, when steel balls are close to the main shaft, the transmission ratio is increased, the revolving speed of the driven disk is reduced, the output speed of a steel ball speed regulator is continuous and adjustable, simultaneously, a transmission reserves gears of the automatic transmission, and all gears are linked through continuous changing of the revolving speed of the steel ball speed regulator, so that the shifting of gears is free from impact, the motive power is not interrupted during gear shifting, the defect that the shifting of gears is paused caused by the fact the motive power is interrupted during gear shifting of traditional automatic transmissions is eliminated, the gear shifting is smooth, and the transmission efficiency is good.

Description

A kind of steel ball speed regulator formula automatic transmission

Technical field

The utility model is a kind of steel ball speed regulator formula automatic transmission, it is characterized in that one group of steel ball is assemblied between active disk and the driven disk, and motor directly drives initiatively disk through main shaft; Oil cylinder is exerted pressure the steel ball clamping to active disk and driven disk, comes transferring power and moment of torsion through the frictional force of steel ball, the adjustable positions of steel ball; When steel ball during away from main shaft, velocity ratio reduces, and the rotating speed of driven disk increases; Steel ball during near main shaft velocity ratio increase; The rotating speed of driven disk reduces, and the output speed of steel ball speed regulator is adjustable continuously, and speed changer has kept the gear of automatic transmission simultaneously; Continuous variation through steel ball speed regulator rotating speed is connected each gear; Make gear switch not do not impact and during gear shift power uninterrupted, the gear shift that has caused because of power interruption when having overcome traditional automatic gearbox gear shifting has the shortcoming of pause and transition in rhythm or melody, gear shift is smooth-going and have a more excellent transmission efficiency.

Background technique

Current AT automatic transmission all is to accomplish gear switch through the joint of clutch with disconnection, between each gear speed discrepancy is arranged, and the pause and transition in rhythm or melody sense is arranged during gear shift; The general volume of automatic transmission is bigger in addition, and cost is very high, and CVT steel-belt type stepless speed variator does not have tangible gear; Volume is also small and exquisite; Output speed is adjustable continuously, but steel band skids easily and damage easily, and load can not be too high and costs an arm and a leg.AT automatic transmission and CVT steel-belt type stepless speed variator respectively have pluses and minuses; Increasingly high for driving comfortability and reliability requirement now; Not only luxurious car needs high performance automatic transmission; And also assembled automatic transmission on the increasing economical sedan car, and each big main engine factory is all in tireless exploration, and the speed changer that sends a both advantages of looking on the bright side of things satisfies the demands of consumers.

Model utility purpose and advantage

The steel ball speed regulator formula automatic transmission of the utility model has increased the steel ball speed regulator on the basis of AT automatic transmission, removed the requisite clutch of transmission gear shift device; The characteristic of steel ball speed regulator is that one group of steel ball is assemblied between active disk and the driven disk, and motor directly drives initiatively disk through main shaft, and oil cylinder is exerted pressure to the active disk steel ball between active disk and the driven disk is clamped; Come transferring power and moment of torsion through the frictional force of steel ball, the adjustable positions of steel ball is when steel ball during away from main shaft; The distance of center circle of the driven disk of distance reduces, and gear ratio reduces, and the rotating speed of driven disk increases; When steel ball during near main shaft, gear ratio increases, and the rotating speed of driven disk reduces; The output speed of steel ball speed regulator changes adjustable continuously, and speed changer has kept the gear of automatic transmission simultaneously, and the continually varying rotating speed of exporting through the steel ball speed regulator is connected each gear; Make gear switch not do not impact and during gear shift power uninterrupted, produce the shortcoming of gear shift pause and transition in rhythm or melody because of power interruption when having overcome traditional AT automatic gearbox gear shifting, have more excellent transmission efficiency; When certain speed of a motor vehicle, gear shift lock is fixed on certain static stall, power is not directly exported by gear via the steel ball speed regulator; Promptly improve transmission efficiency and reduced the wearing and tearing of steel ball again, can also satisfy the requirement of going under the different road conditions situation.

The model utility content

Steel ball speed regulator formula automatic transmission (see figure 1) is characterized in that being made up of main shaft (1), two (2), three (3), steel ball speed regulator (4), gear Z1 (5), gear Z2 (6), gear Z3 (7), gear Z4 (8), gear Z5 (9), gear Z6 (10), gear Z7 (11), gear shaft Z8 (12), gear Z9 (13), gear Z10 (14), gear Z11 (15), gear Z12 (16), gear Z13 (17), gear Z14 (18), gear Z15 (19), clutch collar I (20), clutch collar II (21), clutch collar III (22), axle sleeve I (23), axle sleeve II (24) and axle sleeve III (25), and main shaft (1) is that power input shaft directly is connected with engine crankshaft; Main shaft (1), two (2), three (3) at grade and the spacing that is parallel to each other equate that steel ball speed regulator (4) is assemblied on the main shaft (1), power flows to two (2) and three (3) through the driven disk I (28) and the driven disk II (29) of steel ball speed regulator (4); Gear Z1 (5) rotates two (2) and three (3) with gear Z2 (6) and gear Z3 (7) engagement synchronously, and the number of teeth of gear Z2 (6) is z2, and the number of teeth of gear Z3 (7) is z3; Z2=z3, gear shaft Z8 (12) is a hollow gear shaft, is assemblied in three (3) upper bearing (metal)s and connects; Gear Z6 (10), gear Z11 (15) are assemblied in gear shaft Z8 (12) upper spline and connect, and gear Z13 (17) is assemblied in gear shaft Z8 (12) upper bearing (metal) and connects, and gear Z15 (19) is assemblied in axle sleeve II (24) upper bearing (metal) and connects; Axle sleeve II (24) is connected with gear shaft Z8 (12) upper spline, and gear Z4 (8) is assemblied in axle sleeve I (23) upper bearing (metal) and connects, and axle sleeve I (23) is connected with two (2) splines; Gear Z9 (13) is assemblied in two (2) upper bearing (metal)s and connects, and gear Z5 (9) is assemblied in main shaft (1) upper bearing (metal) and connects, and gear Z7 (11) is assemblied in axle sleeve III (25) upper bearing (metal) and connects; Axle sleeve III (25) is connected with main shaft (1) spline, and gear Z10 (14) is assemblied in main shaft (1) upper bearing (metal) and connects, and gear Z12 (16), gear Z14 (18) are assemblied in main shaft (1) upper spline and connect; Gear Z4 (8) forms CVT shelves stepless speed-changing gear group with gear Z5 (9) engagement, and gear Z7 (11) is the fourth gear group with gear shaft Z8 (12) engagement, gear Z10 (14) and gear Z11 (15) engagement three-range transmission group; Gear Z12 (16) is the intermediate gear group with gear Z13 (17) engagement, and gear Z14 (18) is one grade of gear train with gear Z15 (19) engagement, and clutch collar I (20) is assemblied between gear Z4 (8) and the gear Z9 (13) and is connected with axle sleeve I (23) spline; Clutch collar II (21) is assemblied between gear Z13 (17) and the gear Z15 (19) and with axle sleeve II (24) spline and is connected, and clutch collar III (22) is assemblied between gear Z7 (11) and the gear Z10 (14) and with axle sleeve III (25) spline and is connected, and gear Z5 (9) is that CVT shelves output gear is connected with differential mechanism; Gear Z6 (10) is that the fixed drive ratio output gear is connected with differential mechanism, and gear Z9 (13) is a reverse gear, and clutch collar I (20) engages with gear Z9 (13); Other clutch collars break off entirely, and the power that passes over from steel ball speed regulator (4) is connected back of automobile through gear Z9 (13), gear Z10, gear Z11, gear Z6 (10) with differential mechanism, and clutch collar I (20) engages the shelves into CVT with gear Z4 (8); It is one grade (fixing ratio) that clutch collar II (21) engages with gear Z15 (19); It is second gear (fixing ratio) that clutch collar II (21) engages with gear Z13 (17), and it is third gear (fixing ratio) that clutch collar III (22) engages with gear Z10 (14), and it is fourth gear (fixing ratio) that clutch collar III (22) engages with gear Z7 (11); Steel ball speed regulator (4) the start up period have the effect of clutch concurrently; Steel ball produces slide relative with active disk and driven disk, through the force of sliding friction transferring power, is equivalent to clutch; The moment of torsion that transmits increases gradually, makes the smooth-going startup of automobile.

Fixed drive ratio has 4 forward gearss: one grade (fixing ratio): when steel ball behind the vehicle starting arrives " 1 point " position; Shift fork fluctuation clutch collar II engages with gear Z15 (19); Other clutch collars all break off; The oil cylinder oil-break, the power of motor passes to differential mechanism via main shaft, gear Z14 (18), gear Z15 (19), gear Z6 (10); Second gear (fixing ratio): when steel ball arrives " 2 point " position; Clutch collar II engages with gear Z13 (17); Other clutch collars all break off, the oil cylinder oil-break, and the power of motor passes to differential mechanism via main shaft (1), gear Z12 (16), gear Z13 (17), gear Z6 (10); Third gear (fixing ratio): when steel ball arrives " 3 point " position; Clutch collar III engages with gear Z10 (14); Other clutch collars all break off, the oil cylinder oil-break, and the power of motor passes to differential mechanism via main shaft (1), gear Z10 (14), gear Z11 (15), gear Z6 (10): fourth gear (fixing ratio): when steel ball arrives " 4 point " position; Clutch collar III engages with gear Z7 (11); Other clutch collars all break off, the oil cylinder oil-break, and the power of motor passes to differential mechanism via main shaft (1), gear Z7 (11), gear Z8 (12), gear Z6 (10).The setting that the steel ball speed regulator is artificial 4 gear (see figure 2)s; Promptly " 0 point " is one grade (stepless change) to " 1 point ", and " 1 point " arrives " 2 point " is second gear (stepless change), and " 2 point " arrives " 3 point " is third gear (stepless change); " 3 point " arrives " 4 point " is fourth gear (stepless change); The velocity ratio of each grade all is a continually varying in an interval: one grade (stepless change): to " 1 point ", clutch collar I engages with gear Z4 steel ball from " 0 point ", and all the other clutch collars all break off; Second gear (stepless change): to " 2 point ", clutch collar I engages with gear Z4 (8) steel ball from " 1 point "; Third gear (stepless change): to " 3 point ", clutch collar I engages with gear Z4 (8) steel ball from " 2 point "; Fourth gear (stepless change): to " 4 point ", clutch collar I engages with gear Z4 (8) steel ball from " 3 point "; Reverse gear: clutch collar I engages with gear Z9 (13), and other clutch collars all break off, and steel ball is at " 0 point "; Power is by steel ball speed regulator, two, gear Z9 (13), gear Z10 (14), gear Z11 (15); Final actuation gear Z6 (10), gear Z6 (10) drive the differential mechanism counter-rotating, and automobile falls back.

The velocity ratio of steel ball speed regulator: the velocity ratio of " 0 point " is i0; The velocity ratio of " 1 point " is i1, and the velocity ratio of " 2 point " is i2, and the velocity ratio of " 3 point " is i3; The velocity ratio of " 4 point " is i4; The number of teeth of gear Z4, gear Z5, gear Z6, gear Z7, gear Z8, gear Z9, gear Z10, gear Z11, gear Z12, gear Z13, gear Z14, gear Z15 is respectively z4, z5, z6, z7, z8, z9, z10, z11, z12, z13, z14, z15, i1=(z15z4) ÷ (z14z6), i2=(z13z4) ÷ (z12z6); I3=(z10z4) ÷ (z9z6), i4=(z8z4) ÷ (z7z6).

Steel ball speed regulator (4) (see figure 1) is made up of active disk I (26), active disk II (27), driven disk I (28), driven disk II (29), steel ball (30), steel ball seat (31), oil cylinder (32), oil cylinder piston (33), locking nut (34); Main shaft (1), two (2), three (3) parallel and on same plane spacing equate that driven disk I (28) and driven disk II (29) are assemblied in two (2) respectively, three (3) upper splines are connected and can slide vertically, active disk I (26) is assemblied in the connection of main shaft (1) upper spline and is stuck in axial restraint on the shaft shoulder of main shaft; Initiatively disk II (27) is assemblied in that main shaft (1) spline connects and can small vertically slip; 4 steel balls (30) are clipped in disk I (26) initiatively respectively, initiatively between disk II (27) and driven disk I (28), the driven disk II (29) and be arranged symmetrically in the both sides of main shaft (1), oil cylinder (32) places the outside of disk II (27) initiatively and follows main shaft (1) with the speed rotation, oil cylinder piston (33) nut (34) that is locked is positioned on the main shaft (1); The high pressure oil that outside high pressure oil pump produces is given oil cylinder (32) fuel feeding through the oil duct (35) at place, main shaft (1) axle center; Oil cylinder (32) promotes active disk II (27) steel ball (30) tightly is pressed on driven disk I (28) and the driven disk II (29), and the support force of oil cylinder (32) is provided by locking nut (34), and steel ball applies identical power at relative both direction; Steel ball (30) is connected with steel ball seat (31) bearing; Initiatively disk I (26), initiatively disk II (27) driving steel ball (30) rotation, steel ball (30) drives driven disk I (28) again, driven disk II (29) rotates, and final power passes to two (2) and three (3) by driven disk I (28), driven disk II (29); Steel ball (30) has defined 5 point of contact on active disk and driven disk; I.e. " 0 point ", " 1 point ", " 2 point ", " 3 point ", " 4 point ", " 0 point " be for from the nearest point of main shaft, and " 4 point " is for from main shaft point farthest; Steel ball (30) the change velocity ratio that between " 0 point " and " 4 point ", moves around; When " 4 point " moved, the input radius increased steel ball (30) gradually from " 0 point ", and the output radius reduces gradually; Velocity ratio reduces gradually; Output speed increases gradually, otherwise velocity ratio increases; Because the variation of steel ball is continuous, so the velocity ratio of steel ball speed regulator (4) also is continuous.

The control system (see figure 2) of steel ball speed regulator is made up of steel ball seat (31), guide rail (36), pull bar (37), leading screw (38), slide block (39) and YE (40); Steel ball seat (31) is assemblied in guide rail (36) and upward also can slides and rotation along guide rail, and when oil cylinder (32) promotion active disk II (27) was mobile, steel ball seat (31) around guide rail (36) minor rotation took place; Guide rail (36) is parallel with the circle center line connecting of driven disk II (29) with driven disk I (28); Two ends and case of transmission are fixed, and leading screw (38) is perpendicular to main shaft (1), and two ends are positioned on the case of transmission and can freely rotate; YE (40) is fixedly connected with leading screw (38); Slide block (39) is assemblied on the leading screw (38) and is threaded, and each steel ball (30) is assemblied on the steel ball seat (31), and steel ball seat (31) is connected with slide block (39) through pull bar (37); YE (40) forward or reverse; Drive slide block (39) and slides up or down along leading screw (38), slide block (39) drives steel ball seat (31) along guide rail (36) slip through pull bar (37), finally changes through YE (40) and the velocity ratio of steel ball speed regulator (4) is controlled in the position of controlling steel ball (30).

The main body of the structure (see figure 3) of steel ball is a spherical steel ball, and both sides are processed into cylinder axis bearing is installed, and the cylinder axis of both sides is concentric; A circle toroidal surface is processed in position, arc top, steel ball middle part; Toroidal surface and cylinder axis axis parallel, toroidal surface contacts with driven disk with the active disk, has increased area of contact; Can improve the load of steel ball speed regulator, minimizing is skidded.

Second kind of structure (see figure 4) of steel ball speed regulator formula automatic transmission is applicable to that motor is vertical to put the front-wheel drive vehicle, is made up of main shaft (1), two (2), three (3), four (50), steel ball speed regulator (4), gear Z1 (5), gear Z2 (6), gear Z3 (7), gear Z21 (51), gear Z22 (52), gear Z23 (53), gear Z24 (54), gear Z25 (55), gear Z26 (56), gear Z27 (57), gear Z28 (58), gear Z29 (59), gear Z30 (60), gear Z31 (61), gear Z32 (62), gear Z33 (63), differential mechanism (64), clutch collar I (20), clutch collar II (21), clutch collar III (22), axle sleeve I (23), axle sleeve II (24), axle sleeve III (25) and axle sleeve IV (65); Two (2) are that power input shaft is connected with engine crankshaft; Steel ball speed regulator (4) is assemblied on the main shaft (1), being input as of steel ball speed regulator (4) power two (2) and three (3), and pto is main shaft (1); Four (50) and main shaft (1) are concentric; Four (50) are parallel with two (2) three (3) with main shaft (1) but aspect ratio two (2) three (3) is low, and four (50) are connected with case of transmission through bearing, and gear Z22 (52), gear Z25 (55), gear Z27 (57), gear Z29 (59) and gear Z32 (62) are installed in four (50) upper splines and are connected; Gear Z32 (62) is connected with differential mechanism (64) for fixing output gear than transmission; Gear Z21 (51) is connected with three (3) bearings, and gear Z24 (54) is connected with axle sleeve II (24) bearing, and axle sleeve II (24) is connected with three (3) splines; Gear Z26 (56) is installed in two (2) upper bearing (metal)s and connects; Gear Z28 (58) is installed in axle sleeve III (25) upper bearing (metal) and connects, and axle sleeve III (25) is connected with two (2) splines, and gear Z1 (5), gear Z2 (6) and gear Z3 (7) are assemblied in respectively on two (2), main shaft (1) and three (3); Gear Z1 (5), gear Z3 (7) are connected with two (2), three (3) splines; Gear Z2 (6) is connected with main shaft (1) bearing, and gear Z1 (5), gear Z2 (6) and gear Z3 (7) engagement make two (2) three (3) synchronous, and gear Z30 (60) is assemblied in axle sleeve I (23) upper bearing (metal) and connects; Axle sleeve I (23) is connected with main shaft (1) spline; Gear Z33 (63) is assemblied in main shaft (1) upper bearing (metal) and connects, and gear Z33 (63) is that CVT shelves stepless change output gear is connected with differential mechanism (64), and gear Z31 (61), gear Z23 (53) are assemblied in axle sleeve IV (65) upper spline and connect; Axle sleeve IV (65) is assemblied in two (2) upper bearing (metal)s and connects; Gear Z30 (60) is a reverse gear, and gear Z21 (51) is one grade of gear train and reverse gearset with gear Z22 (52) and gear Z23 (53) engagement, and gear Z24 (54) is the intermediate gear group with gear Z25 (55) engagement; Gear Z26 (56) is the three-range transmission group with gear Z27 (57) engagement; Gear Z28 (58) and gear Z29 (59) engagement is the fourth gear group, and gear Z30 (60) is reverse gearset with gear Z31 (61) engagement, and clutch collar I (20) is assemblied between gear Z33 (63) and the gear Z30 (60) and with axle sleeve I (23) spline and is connected; Clutch collar II (21) is assemblied between gear Z21 (51) and the gear Z24 (54) and with axle sleeve II (24) spline and is connected, and clutch collar III (22) is assemblied between gear Z26 (56) and the gear Z28 (58) and with axle sleeve III (25) spline and is connected; The number of teeth of gear Z21, gear Z22, gear Z23, gear Z24, gear Z25, gear Z26, gear Z27, gear Z28, gear Z29, gear Z30, gear Z31, gear Z32, gear Z33 is respectively z21, z22, z23, z24, z25, z26, z27, z28, z29, z30, z31, z32, z33, z32=z33.

The third structure (see figure 5) of steel ball speed regulator formula automatic transmission; Be applicable to the vertical front-wheel drive vehicle of putting of opposed piston engine (66); On the basis of second kind of steel ball speed regulator formula automatic transmission structure shown in Figure 4; Reduced gear Z1 (5), gear Z2 (6) and gear Z3 (7), the spatial structure of other gear train structure and main shaft (1), two (2), three (3) and four (50) is constant, and two bent axles of opposed piston type engine (66) directly are connected with three (3) with two (2); Two (2) and three (3) are power input shaft; Differential mechanism (64) places the middle part of speed changer, and is more near motor, highly beneficial to the vertical spatial arrangement of motor on automobile of putting.

Second kind of structure (see figure 6) of steel ball speed regulator; Main shaft (1), two (2) and three (3) are not in one plane; The position of main shaft (1) is lower than two (2) and three (3), and two guide rails (36) are parallel with the connecting line in main shaft (1) center of circle to two spool (2), three (3) centers of circle, and guide rail (36) two ends are fixed on the housing of speed changer; Steel ball seat (31) is assemblied in and strides across two (2) on the guide rail (36) and be connected with slide block (39) through pull bar (37) with three (3); The structure of leading screw (38) slide block (39) and automatically controlled final controlling element (40) is identical, and control mode is also identical, and the velocity ratio of " 1 point " is i _I, the velocity ratio of " 2 point " is i _II, the velocity ratio of " 3 point " is i _III, the velocity ratio of " 4 point " is i _IV, velocity ratio i _I=z22/z21, i _II=z25/z24, i _III=z27/z26, i _IV=z29/z28.

The steel ball speed regulator can be formed (seeing Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9) by many groups steel ball, active disk and driven disk; Per four steel balls (30) are one group; Except the steel ball speed regulator of forming by one group of steel ball; Also comprise two groups of formula steel ball speed regulator (see figure 7)s, three groups of formula steel ball speed regulator (see figure 8)s and four groups of formula steel ball speed regulator (see figure 9)s, at active disk I (26), initiatively increased by one to three intermediate disc (49) between the disk II (27), intermediate disc (49) is connected with main spindle multiple spline and can small vertically slip; Organize steel balls and the structures of organizing active disks and many driven disks of group and intermediate disc more more; More point of contact can be arranged, increased the area of contact of steel ball and disk, can improve the load of steel ball speed regulator exponentially.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart of steel ball speed regulator formula automatic transmission, has constituted a 4 gear automatic speed variators by steel ball speed regulator (4) and gear train.

Fig. 2 is a steel ball speed regulator control system schematic diagram, and the contact radius that changes active disk and driven disk through the position of adjusting steel ball changes velocity ratio, and velocity ratio is adjustable continuously.

Fig. 3 is steel ball structure figure, and the surface of contact of steel ball and disk is a toroidal surface, has improved area of contact.

Fig. 4 is second kind of structural drawing of steel ball speed regulator formula automatic transmission, is applicable to the vertical front-wheel drive vehicle of putting of motor.

Fig. 5 is the third structural drawing of steel ball speed regulator formula automatic transmission, is suitable for opposed piston type engine.

Fig. 6 is second kind of structural drawing of steel ball speed regulator, and main shaft, two and three are convenient to the differential mechanism assembling not on a plane.

Fig. 7 is two groups of formula steel ball speed regulator schematic diagrams, and two steel ball groups are arranged.

Fig. 8 is three groups of formula steel ball speed regulator schematic diagrams, and three steel ball groups are arranged.

Fig. 9 is four groups of formula steel ball speed regulator schematic diagrams, and four steel ball groups are arranged.

Embodiment

The working principle of steel ball speed regulator: one group of steel ball totally 4 as shown in Figure 1, be clipped in respectively initiatively between the disk and driven disk, oil cylinder places initiatively outside the disk II; When oil cylinder pressurizeed, initiatively disk I tightly was pressed in steel ball on positive and negative two faces of driven disk I and driven disk II with active disk II, and steel ball seat provides support steel ball to steel ball and can only rotate; Initiatively disk drives the steel ball rotation, and steel ball drives driven disk again and rotates, and the sense of rotation of driven disk is with initiatively disk is identical; The power of motor passes to two, three outputs from main shaft, the adjustable positions of steel ball, and automatically controlled final controlling element control leading screw rotates; Leading screw drives slide block and moves, and slide block drags steel ball rack and on guide rail, slides, and " 0 point " leaves the nearest point of contact in axle axle center for steel ball; " 4 point " be steel ball apart from spindle axis point of contact farthest, when steel ball from " 0 point " when " 4 point " moves, the initiatively radius increase of disc axis and steel ball point of contact; The radius of driven disc axis and steel ball point of contact reduces, and velocity ratio reduces gradually, and the rotating speed of driven disk constantly increases; Otherwise when " 0 point " moved, gear ratio increased steel ball gradually from " 4 point "; The rotating speed of driven disk reduces gradually, and output speed is adjustable continuously.Have 4 steel balls, per two steel balls of homonymy are that a pair of bilateral symmetry that is assemblied in main shaft respectively arranges that every pair of steel ball is drawn by two pull bars; The equal in length of two pull bars, the lower end connects steel ball seat, and the upper end connects slide block; The leading screw vertical major, YE drives leading screw and rotates, and the leading screw driving sliding block moves up and down; The slide block drawing pull bar makes steel ball seat slide along guide rail, and slide block moves down, and velocity ratio reduces; Moving velocity ratio on the slide block increases; Such design not only can make steel ball can be between " 0 point " and " 4 point " Continuous Sliding, and the steel ball of the main shaft left and right sides is identical apart from the distance of spindle axis forever, can not produce the inconsistent situation of steel ball rotating speed of the left and right sides.

The structure of steel ball: the middle part is spherical, and both sides are processed into cylinder axis and are laid bearing, and steel ball is connected with steel ball seat through two bearings; The rotating speed of the maximum of steel ball is 5 times more than of engine speed, must be connected by bearing, and the toroidal surface structure has been processed on the arc top of steel ball; Toroidal surface and cylinder axis parallel axes, the toroidal surface of steel ball is the line contact with contacting of active disk and driven disk, compares with an exposure phase; The increase of area of contact can make frictional force increase, and makes the steel ball speed regulator can bear higher load, but because the contact of working surface is the line contact; The linear velocity of each point is different on the disk, can cause each point in the line contact that slide relative is arranged, and produces sliding friction and energy loss; Quicken the wearing and tearing of steel ball; But the width of suitable some annulus of increase is necessary, both can make the load of steel ball speed regulator very high, can not produce very big frictional loss again.

Speed changer control is the gear control that example is introduced speed changer by steel ball speed regulator formula automatic transmission shown in Figure 1 only as follows here, and the control of other two kinds of automatic transmission is basic identical.

Automobile starting, one grade (stepless change): all the other all clutch collars break off, and shift fork fluctuation clutch collar I engages with gear Z4; Steel ball is in 0 initial position, and then, oil cylinder pressurizes gradually; The power of main shaft passes to driven disk I (driven disk II) → two (three) → gear Z4 (gear Z3, Z2, Z1) → Z5 → differential mechanism via the steel ball speed regulator, and automobile starting is when steel ball is non-slip; YE control steel ball moves from " 0 point " position to " 1 point "; The gear ratio of steel ball speed regulator reduces, and output speed increases, and automobile quickens.

One grade: when steel ball is in " 1 point " position; Gear Z15 rotating speed is identical with the rotating speed of clutch collar II; Shift fork fluctuation clutch collar II engages with gear Z15, while oil cylinder oil-break, and power is via main shaft → gear Z14 → gear Z15 → gear Z6 → differential mechanism; Steel ball is in " 1 point " position is motionless prepares for next gear shift, and be one grade of stable drive ratio transmission this moment.

Second gear (stepless change): shift fork fluctuation clutch collar I engages with gear Z4, and all the other clutch collars all break off, the oil cylinder pressurization; The power of main shaft passes to driven disk I (driven disk II) → two (three) → gear Z4 (gear Z3, Z2, Z1) → Z5 → differential mechanism via the steel ball speed regulator; The steel ball initial position is in " 1 point " position, and automatically controlled final controlling element drags steel ball and moves from " 1 point " position toward " 2 point ", and velocity ratio reduces; Output speed increases, and automobile quickens.

Second gear (fixing ratio): when steel ball arrives " 2 point "; Gear Z13 rotating speed is identical with clutch collar II rotating speed, the oil cylinder oil-break, and shift fork fluctuation clutch collar II engages with gear Z13; All the other clutch collars all break off; Power is via main shaft → gear Z12 → gear Z13 → gear Z6 → differential mechanism, and steel ball is in " 2 point " position is motionless prepares for next gear shift, and be the transmission of second gear fixed drive ratio this moment.

Third gear (stepless change): shift fork fluctuation clutch collar I engages with gear Z4, and all the other clutch collars are whole, the oil cylinder pressurization; The power of main shaft passes to driven disk I (driven disk II) → two (three) → gear Z4 (gear Z3, Z2, Z1) → Z5 → differential mechanism via the steel ball speed regulator; The steel ball initial position is in " 2 point " position, and automatically controlled final controlling element drags the steel ball pull bar and moves from " 2 point " position toward " 3 point " position, and velocity ratio reduces; Output speed increases, and automobile quickens.

Third gear: when steel ball arrives " 3 point "; Gear Z10 rotating speed is identical with clutch collar III rotating speed, the oil cylinder oil-break, and all the other clutch collars all break off; Shift fork fluctuation clutch collar III engages with gear Z10; Power is via main shaft → gear Z10 → gear Z11 → gear Z6 → differential mechanism, and steel ball is in " 3 point " position is motionless prepares for next gear shift, and be the transmission of second gear fixed drive ratio this moment.

Fourth gear (stepless change): shift fork fluctuation clutch collar I engages with gear Z4, and all the other clutch collars are whole, the oil cylinder pressurization; The power of main shaft passes to driven disk I (driven disk II) → two (three) → gear Z4 (gear Z3, Z2, Z1) → Z5 → differential mechanism via the steel ball speed regulator; The steel ball initial position is in " 3 point " position, and automatically controlled final controlling element drags the steel ball pull bar and moves from " 3 point " position toward " 4 point " position, and velocity ratio reduces; Output speed increases, and automobile quickens.

Fourth gear: when steel ball arrives " 4 point "; Gear Z7 rotating speed is identical with clutch collar III rotating speed, the oil cylinder oil-break, and all the other clutch collars all break off; Shift fork fluctuation clutch collar III engages with gear Z8; Power is via main shaft → gear Z7 → gear Z8 → gear Z6 → differential mechanism, and steel ball is in " 3 point " position is motionless prepares for next gear shift, and be the transmission of second gear fixed drive ratio this moment.Reverse gear: clutch collar I engages with gear Z9; All the other clutch collars all break off; The oil cylinder pressurization; The power of main shaft passes to driven disk I (driven disk II) → two (three) → gear Z9 (gear Z3, Z2, Z1) → Z5 → differential mechanism via the steel ball speed regulator, and the steel ball initial position is in " 0 point " position, and automobile falls back.

Anxious aero mode: automobile controller switches to immediate one and fixes than gear according to the concrete speed of a motor vehicle, adopts the fixed drive ratio pattern to quicken; For example gear is set on one grade, second gear or the third gear motionless; The anxious acceleration of automobile advanced, and anxious aero mode power is without steel ball speed regulator transferring power, and the steel ball speed regulator only is equivalent to synchronizer and is used for static stall and switches and offer help; Can avoid steel ball to skid and cause automobile to quicken unable drawback, also can reduce the wearing and tearing of steel ball.

Aero mode midway: when the speed of automobile by after lowering at a high speed; And then when quickening again, automobile controller can detect speed, engine speed and the residing position of each clutch collar of the automobile of this moment, sends the automatically controlled final controlling element of command control then and makes steel ball be in suitable position; The oil cylinder pressurization; All the other clutch collars all break off, and clutch collar I engages with gear Z4, come to provide power vehicle to quicken to automobile through the steel ball speed regulator.

Claims

1. steel ball speed regulator formula automatic transmission; It is characterized in that forming by main shaft (1), two (2), three (3), steel ball speed regulator (4), gear Z1 (5), gear Z2 (6), gear Z3 (7), gear Z4 (8), gear Z5 (9), gear Z6 (10), gear Z7 (11), gear shaft Z8 (12), gear Z9 (13), gear Z10 (14), gear Z11 (15), gear Z12 (16), gear Z13 (17), gear Z14 (18), gear Z15 (19), clutch collar I (20), clutch collar II (21), clutch collar III (22), axle sleeve I (23), axle sleeve II (24) and axle sleeve III (25); Main shaft (1) is that power input shaft directly is connected with engine crankshaft; Main shaft (1), two (2), three (3) at grade and the spacing that is parallel to each other equate that steel ball speed regulator (4) is assemblied on the main shaft (1), power flows to two (2) and three (3) through the driven disk I (28) and the driven disk II (29) of steel ball speed regulator (4); Gear Z1 (5) rotates two (2) and three (3) with gear Z2 (6) and gear Z3 (7) engagement synchronously; Z2=z3, gear shaft Z8 (12) are assemblied in three (3) upper bearing (metal)s and connect, and gear Z6 (10), gear Z11 (15) are assemblied in gear shaft Z8 (12) upper spline and connect; Gear Z13 (17) is assemblied in gear shaft Z8 (12) upper bearing (metal) and connects; Gear Z15 (19) is assemblied in axle sleeve II (24) upper bearing (metal) and connects, and axle sleeve II (24) is connected with gear shaft Z8 (12) upper spline, and gear Z4 (8) is assemblied in axle sleeve I (23) upper bearing (metal) and connects; Axle sleeve I (23) is connected with two (2) splines; Gear Z9 (13) is assemblied in two (2) upper bearing (metal)s and connects, and gear Z5 (9) is assemblied in main shaft (1) upper bearing (metal) and connects, and gear Z7 (11) is assemblied in axle sleeve III (25) upper bearing (metal) and connects; Axle sleeve III (25) is connected with main shaft (1) spline; Gear Z10 (14) is assemblied in main shaft (1) upper bearing (metal) and connects, and gear Z12 (16), gear Z14 (18) are assemblied in main shaft (1) upper spline and connect, and gear Z4 (8) forms the CVT shelves with gear Z5 (9) engagement; Gear Z7 (11) is fourth gear with gear shaft Z8 (12) engagement; Gear Z10 (14) and gear Z11 (15) engagement third gear, gear Z12 (16) is second gear with gear Z13 (17) engagement, gear Z14 (18) is one grade with gear Z15 (19) engagement; Clutch collar I (20) is assemblied between gear Z4 (8) and the gear Z9 (13) and with axle sleeve I (23) spline and is connected; Clutch collar II (21) is assemblied between gear Z13 and the gear Z15 (19) and with axle sleeve II (24) spline and is connected, and clutch collar III (22) is assemblied between gear Z7 (11) and the gear Z10 (14) and with axle sleeve III (25) spline and is connected, and gear Z5 (9) is that CVT shelves output gear is connected with differential mechanism; Gear Z6 (10) is that the fixed drive ratio output gear is connected with differential mechanism, and gear Z9 (13) is a reverse gear.

2. steel ball speed regulator formula automatic transmission as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that velocity ratio i1=(z15z4) ÷ (z14z6), i2=(z13z4) ÷ (z12z6), i3=(z10z4) ÷ (z9z6), i4=(z8z4) ÷ (z7z6).

3. steel ball speed regulator formula automatic transmission as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that steel ball speed regulator (4) is by active disk I (26), initiatively disk II (27), driven disk I (28), driven disk II (29), steel ball (30), steel ball seat (31), oil cylinder (32), oil cylinder piston (33), locking nut (34) are formed; Main shaft (1), two (2), three (3) parallel and on same plane spacing equate; Driven disk I (28) and driven disk II (29) are assemblied in two (2) respectively, three (3) upper splines are connected and can slide vertically; Initiatively disk I (26) is assemblied in main shaft (1) upper spline and connects and be stuck in axial restraint on the shaft shoulder of main shaft; Initiatively disk II (27) is assemblied in that main shaft (1) spline connects and can small vertically slip; 4 steel balls (30) are clipped between active disk I (26), active disk II (27) and driven disk I (28), the driven disk II (29) respectively and are arranged symmetrically in the both sides of main shaft (1); Oil cylinder (32) places the outside of active disk II (27) and follows main shaft (1) and rotate with speed; Oil cylinder piston (33) nut (34) that is locked is positioned on the main shaft (1); High pressure oil is given oil cylinder (32) fuel feeding through the oil duct (35) at place, main shaft (1) axle center, and oil cylinder (32) promotes active disk II (27) steel ball (30) tightly is pressed on driven disk I (28) and the driven disk II (29), and steel ball (30) is connected with steel ball seat (31) bearing; Initiatively disk I (26), initiatively disk II (27) driving steel ball (30) rotation; Steel ball (30) drives driven disk I (28), driven disk II (29) again and rotates, and final power passes to two (2) and three (3) by driven disk I (28), driven disk II (29), steel ball (30) the change velocity ratio that between " 0 point " and " 4 point ", moves around.

4. steel ball speed regulator formula automatic transmission as claimed in claim 3; The control system that it is characterized in that steel ball speed regulator (4) is made up of steel ball seat (31), guide rail (36), pull bar (37), leading screw (38), slide block (39) and YE (40); Steel ball seat (31) is assemblied in guide rail (36) and goes up also and can slide and rotation along guide rail, and guide rail (36) is fixed with case of transmission, and leading screw (38) is perpendicular to main shaft (1); Two ends are positioned on the case of transmission and can freely rotate; YE (40) is fixedly connected with leading screw (38), and slide block (39) is assemblied on the leading screw (38) and is threaded, and each steel ball (30) is assemblied in a steel ball seat (31) upper bearing (metal) and connects; Steel ball seat (31) is connected with slide block (39) through pull bar (37); YE (40) forward or reverse drives slide block (39) and slides up or down along leading screw (38), and slide block (39) drives steel ball seat (31) through pull bar (37) and controls steel ball (30) position along guide rail (36) slip.

5. steel ball speed regulator formula automatic transmission as claimed in claim 3, the main body that it is characterized in that steel ball (30) is a spherical steel ball, and both sides are processed into cylinder axis bearing are installed, and the cylinder axis of both sides is concentric.

6. steel ball speed regulator formula automatic transmission as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that circle toroidal surface, toroidal surface and a cylinder axis axis parallel is processed in the position, arc top, middle part of steel ball (30).

7. steel ball speed regulator formula automatic transmission as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that second kind of structure of steel ball speed regulator formula automatic transmission is made up of main shaft (1), two (2), three (3), four (50), steel ball speed regulator (4), gear Z1 (5), gear Z2 (6), gear Z3 (7), gear Z21 (51), gear Z22 (52), gear Z23 (53), gear Z24 (54), gear Z25 (55), gear Z26 (56), gear Z27 (57), gear Z28 (58), gear Z29 (59), gear Z30 (60), gear Z31 (61), gear Z32 (62), gear Z33 (63), differential mechanism (64), clutch collar I (20), clutch collar II (21), clutch collar III (22), axle sleeve I (23), axle sleeve II (24), axle sleeve III (25) and axle sleeve IV (65), and two (2) are that power input shaft is connected with engine crankshaft; Steel ball speed regulator (4) is assemblied on the main shaft (1), being input as of steel ball speed regulator (4) power two (2) and three (3), and pto is main shaft (1); Four (50) and main shaft (1) are concentric; Four (50) are parallel with two (2) three (3) with main shaft (1) but aspect ratio two (2) three (3) is low, and four (50) are connected with case of transmission through bearing, and gear Z22 (52), gear Z25 (55), gear Z27 (57), gear Z29 (59) and gear Z32 (62) are installed in four (50) upper splines and are connected; Gear Z32 (62) is connected with differential mechanism (64) for fixing output gear than transmission; Gear Z21 (51) is connected with three (3) bearings, and gear Z24 (54) is connected with axle sleeve II (24) bearing, and axle sleeve II (24) is connected with three (3) splines; Gear Z26 (56) is installed in two (2) upper bearing (metal)s and connects; Gear Z28 (58) is installed in axle sleeve III (25) upper bearing (metal) and connects, and axle sleeve III (25) is connected with two (2) splines, and gear Z1 (5), gear Z2 (6) and gear Z3 (7) are assemblied in respectively on two (2), main shaft (1) and three (3); Gear Z1 (5), gear Z3 (7) are connected with two (2), three (3) splines; Gear Z2 (6) is connected with main shaft (1) bearing, and gear Z1 (5), gear Z2 (6) and gear Z3 (7) engagement make two (2) three (3) synchronous, and gear Z30 (60) is assemblied in axle sleeve I (23) upper bearing (metal) and connects; Axle sleeve I (23) is connected with main shaft (1) spline; Gear Z33 (63) is assemblied in main shaft (1) upper bearing (metal) and connects, and gear Z33 (63) is that CVT shelves stepless change output gear is connected z32=z33 with differential mechanism (64); Gear Z31 (61), gear Z23 (53) are assemblied in axle sleeve IV (65) upper spline and connect; Axle sleeve IV (65) is assemblied in two (2) upper bearing (metal)s and connects, and gear Z30 (60) is a reverse gear, gear Z21 (51) and gear Z22 (52) and gear Z23 (53) engagement; Gear Z24 (54) and gear Z25 (55) engagement; Gear Z26 (56) and gear Z27 (57) engagement, gear Z28 (58) and gear Z29 (59) engagement, gear Z30 (60) and gear Z31 (61) engagement; Clutch collar I (20) is assemblied between gear Z33 (63) and the gear Z30 (60) and with axle sleeve I (23) spline and is connected; Clutch collar II (21) is assemblied between gear Z21 (51) and the gear Z24 (54) and with axle sleeve II (24) spline and is connected, and clutch collar III (22) is assemblied between gear Z26 (56) and the gear Z28 (58) and with axle sleeve III (25) spline and is connected velocity ratio i _I=z22/z21, i _II=z25/z24, i _III=z27/z26, i _IV=z29/z28.

8. steel ball speed regulator formula automatic transmission as claimed in claim 7; The third structure that it is characterized in that steel ball speed regulator formula automatic transmission; On the basis of second kind of structure of steel ball speed regulator formula automatic transmission; Gear Z1 (5), gear Z2 (6) and gear Z3 (7) have been reduced; Other gear train structure and main shaft (1), two (2), three (3) and four spatial structure is constant, and two bent axles of opposed piston type engine (66) directly are connected with three (3) with two (2), and two (2) and three (3) are power input shaft.

9. steel ball speed regulator formula automatic transmission as claimed in claim 7; The second kind of structure that it is characterized in that the steel ball speed regulator; Main shaft (1) and two (2) and three (3) are not in one plane; Two guide rails (36) are parallel with the connecting line in main shaft (1) center of circle to two spool (2), three (3) centers of circle, and guide rail (36) two ends are fixed on the housing of speed changer, and steel ball seat (31) is assemblied in and strides across two (2) on the guide rail (36) and be connected with slide block (39) through pull bar (37) with three (3).

10. steel ball speed regulator formula automatic transmission as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that steel ball speed regulator (4) also comprises two groups of formula steel ball speed regulators, three groups of formula steel ball speed regulators and four groups of formula steel ball speed regulators in addition; Between active disk I (26), active disk II (27), increased by one to three intermediate disc (49), intermediate disc (49) is connected with main shaft (1) spline and can small vertically slip.