CN202594806U - Integrated purification device for particulate matters in rainwater and sewage - Google Patents

Abstract

An integrated purification device for particulate matter in rainwater and sewage, the device is composed of three vertically superimposed arrangements of a cyclone grit settling unit, a variable diameter sedimentation unit and an upflow filter unit; the swirl flow grit settling unit includes a cyclone grit settling cylinder , water inlet pipe, sand discharge pipe, siphon hood, siphon pipe, water seal tank, drainage pipe, perforated plate I, perforated plate II and perforated plate III; the variable diameter sedimentation unit includes a variable diameter sedimentation tank; the upflow filter unit includes The shell of the filter chamber, the bottom plate of the filter chamber, the filter tank, the filter material and the filter water outlet. The utility model has the characteristics of high particle removal efficiency, not easy to block, energy saving, high efficiency, high hydraulic load impact resistance, small floor space, low investment and operation management costs, and can be widely used in rainwater runoff such as roofs and elevated roads. And the purification of particulate matter in drainage pipes with large slopes.

Description

Integrated purification device for particulate matter in rainwater and sewage

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of rainwater and sewage treatment, in particular to a rainwater and sewage purification device. the

Background technique

With the rapid development of urbanization, non-point source pollution caused by rainwater runoff has gradually become an important source of urban water pollutants. Pollutants in urban stormwater runoff mainly come from wet deposition caused by precipitation leaching atmospheric pollutants and leaching of urban impervious surface pollutants, and the latter accounts for more than 90% of the total amount of pollutants in stormwater runoff. Particulate matter is the main carrier of urban impermeable surface pollutants, such as: atmospheric deposition, vehicle exhaust, tire wear, snow melting agents, sediments on construction sites, solid waste and leachate and other particulate matter contain a large number of pollutants (COD, nutrients , organic matter, heavy metals, pathogens, etc.), will eventually migrate to the receiving water body under the action of rainwater washing and scouring, and cause serious harm to its ecological environment. Particulate matter in stormwater runoff can also lead to increased turbidity in receiving water bodies. Therefore, particulate matter is generally considered to be a potential component of water quality deterioration in environmental water bodies. In addition, particulate matter enters the urban drainage pipeline system under the action of rainwater runoff and will deposit in the pipeline, forming pipeline sediment pollution and waterlogging disasters. At present, there is a certain degree of sedimentation in almost all urban drainage pipes around the world. In Europe, the average deposition rate of pipe sediments is 30-500g/m·d. Through the survey of 72 inspection wells connected to drainage pipes in Xicheng District, Beijing, it was found that the sediment thickness in 41.67% of the pipes accounted for 20% to 30% of the pipe diameter, and 4.16% were greater than 50%. The deposition of particulate matter in pipelines will not only cause corrosion of pipelines, reduce water delivery capacity, and frequent waterlogging disasters, but also cause accumulated pollutants to re-release into urban water bodies under the scouring effect of strong rainwater runoff. The aquatic environment of the water body poses a serious threat. the

For particulate matter pollution in stormwater runoff, existing treatment technologies at home and abroad include filtration, cyclone grit settling, sedimentation, and infiltration/filtration, etc. Filtration technology is generally used for rainwater collection and utilization, and is divided into online filtration and offline filtration. Commonly used filter media include fine sand, gravel, ceramsite and other fillers. Filtration technology has a high removal rate of particulate matter in rainwater runoff, which can reach more than 90%. , but it is easy to block and the maintenance cost is high. Cyclone sand settling technology is mainly used for the control of sediment in urban drainage pipeline system, and can be divided into unpowered cyclone separator and power cyclone separator. The operation of the non-powered cyclone separator does not need external power conditions, and its normal operation can be realized by using the water head drop of the site conditions; the operation of the power cyclone separator needs external power conditions to achieve its normal operation, that is Hydrocyclones commonly used in petroleum, chemical and other industries. In the research and application of cyclone separation treatment of rainwater and combined rainwater and sewage abroad, the unpowered cyclone separator occupies a dominant position because of its advantages of no energy consumption, small footprint, high sewage interception efficiency, and strong applicability. Only particles with larger particle sizes can be removed, and the removal rate is relatively low. Most of the traditional rainwater sedimentation is separated by static gravity sedimentation. That is, during the rainfall process, the rainwater is first collected to the sedimentation facility, and after the rain stops, it is deposited for a period of time, and the supernatant is taken out for use or discharged into the subsequent treatment structure. Under this treatment method, in order to achieve effective treatment of runoff rainwater, it is necessary to ensure the treatment volume of the sedimentation facility, which occupies a relatively large area. Infiltration/filtration facilities are mainly used for rainwater infiltration to recharge groundwater or rainwater collection and utilization, including infiltration ditches, shallow vegetation trenches, rain gardens, infiltration pools/ponds, etc. Such facilities have a high particle removal rate, but generally have a small treatment capacity. the

Contents of the invention

The utility model provides an integrated purification device for particulate matter in rainwater and sewage, which solves the problems of easy blockage, low hydraulic load impact resistance, large floor space and high energy consumption in existing particulate matter treatment devices such as sand settling, sedimentation and filtration. technical issues. the

The technical scheme that the utility model solves its technical problem adopts is:

This integrated purification device for particulate matter in rainwater and sewage is composed of three vertically superimposed arrangements of a cyclone grit settling unit, a variable-diameter sedimentation unit, and an upflow filter unit; , water inlet pipe, sand discharge pipe, siphon hood, siphon pipe, water seal tank, drain pipe, perforated plate I, perforated plate II and perforated plate III; the variable diameter sedimentation unit includes a variable diameter sedimentation tank; the upflow filter The unit includes the shell of the filter chamber, the bottom plate of the filter chamber, the filter tank, the filter material and the filter water outlet;

The cyclone grit chamber is set in the lower part of the device, and the variable-diameter sedimentation tank is set on the upper part of the cyclone grit chamber. The variable-diameter sedimentation tank is a funnel-shaped structure with a wide top and a narrow bottom. The water inlet pipe passes through the side of the variable-diameter sedimentation tank. The wall is connected tangentially with the cyclone grit chamber, and the top of the cyclone grit chamber is connected with the variable-diameter sedimentation tank by the horizontally connected perforated plate I and the vertically connected perforated plate III. There is a perforated plate II at the bottom of the sedimentation tank, on which there is a particle return hole, the lower part of the cyclone grit chamber is the sand collection area, one side of the lower part of the cyclone grit chamber 11 is connected to the sand discharge pipe, and the other side is connected to the water Seal the tank, the upper part of the water seal tank is connected to the drain pipe, and the inside of the cyclone grit chamber 11 is vertically provided with an L-shaped siphon tube, and the siphon outlet at the lower part of the siphon tube extends into the water seal tank through the side wall of the cyclone grit chamber, and the upper part of the siphon tube The siphon water inlet extends upwards into the siphon cover located on the upper part of the device through the center of the perforated plate I, and the bottom of the siphon cover is connected with the center of the bottom plate of the filter chamber located on the top surface of the variable diameter sedimentation tank. The hole of the filter tank, the filter tank is set on the bottom plate of the filter chamber, the filter tank is filled with filter material, the top edge of the filter tank is provided with an overflow weir higher than the filter material, and there is a free water surface on the upper surface of the filter material, and the whole outside of the filter tank Covered with a filter chamber shell, there is a water flow gap between the outer wall of the filter tank and the inner wall of the filter chamber shell, and the lower part of the filter chamber shell is connected to the filter water outlet.

The lower part of the cyclone grit chamber is provided with an inclined baffle which is set on the siphon. The inclined baffle is tray-shaped as a whole and has a perforation in the center. There is a gap between the perforation and the siphon 1 for particles to pass through. the

Described perforated plate 1 is circular, and circular permeable holes are distributed on the plate surface, and the center of the plate surface has a siphon perforation. the

The particle return holes on the perforated plate II are triangular and saw-toothed. the

The holes on the perforated plate III are vertical strip holes. the

The filter material is ceramsite filter material, fiber filter material or natural mineral filter material. the

The height of the free water surface is 0.5 to 1.0 times the height of the filter material. the

The principle of the utility model is as follows:

The utility model is a grading control optimized combination process for removing particles with larger particle diameters by hydrodynamic swirling sand settling, and removing fine particles by upflow variable-speed sedimentation and siphon self-flushing. Through the analysis of the particle size distribution and component composition of urban rainwater runoff and domestic sewage, the utility model proposes the concept of hierarchical control, that is, the particles in the rain/sewage are removed in different units according to the particle size, and the process load is distributed through optimization. , to achieve the simplification of the process flow and the maximum removal of particulate matter. Sewage enters from a tangential direction, and first passes through the power cyclone grit settling unit, relying on the centrifugal force generated by the cyclone process to remove particles and dregs with large particle sizes in the water body, and then enters the variable diameter sedimentation unit, and the flow rate of the sewage gradually decreases during the upward process , to ensure that the particles with smaller particle sizes in the sewage can be precipitated, and the precipitated particles gather at the bottom, which has a certain filtering effect on the particles in the sewage. The water from the sedimentation unit enters the filter unit to further remove the fine particles in the sewage. The surface of the filter medium has a certain height of free water surface. As the filtration resistance increases, the liquid level in the siphon siphon cover continues to rise, so that the air inside the siphon cover is compressed, and finally , the sewage flows out from the central siphon pipe, and the air compressed on the top of the siphon cover is gradually taken away to form a vacuum, and the siphon occurs, and the flow capacity of the filter gradually decreases. , the filter starts backwashing, when the water level in the filter is lower than the perforated plate at the bottom, the siphon is broken, the backwashing is stopped, and the next filtration cycle starts. Through the optimization of the operating conditions of the above-mentioned combined process, the graded removal of particulate matter in sewage is realized, and the engineering design, construction, and commissioning operation are carried out through the design parameters of this device, which can improve the removal efficiency of particulate matter in sewage and reduce construction and operation costs.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

(1) High particle removal efficiency, not easy to clog, simple operation and management.

Traditional rainwater/sewage particulate matter purification technologies include: filtration, cyclone grit settling, sedimentation and infiltration/filtration. The main problems in practical engineering applications include high energy consumption, low removal rate, large footprint, and easy clogging. This limits the wide application of the above-mentioned single technology in practical engineering. The invention combines the basic principles and characteristics of the above individual technologies, and adopts the principles of system optimization and hierarchical control. The swirling sand settling unit removes larger particles, the sedimentation unit removes smaller particles, and the filter unit removes fine particles. The outlet water of the swirling sand settling unit enters the sedimentation unit through the perforated plate. The perforated plate I and the perforated plate III can effectively intercept the floating matter in the sewage. The particle return hole on the perforated plate II is designed as a triangle, which allows the particles to pass smoothly and is not easy to block The advantages. The lower part of the cyclone grit chamber is equipped with an inclined baffle to further intercept the floating objects that are easy to block in the water body. Compared with the traditional single technology, the utility model greatly improves the particle removal rate of the system, reduces the frequency of blockage, prolongs the operation period of each unit, and is simple in operation and management. the

(2) It occupies a small area and makes full use of the water level difference without power consumption. the

The device includes a swirling sand settling unit, a variable-diameter sedimentation unit and an upflow filter unit. The three units are vertically stacked, which greatly saves the floor area. The water body is flowing, and the filter unit adopts siphon type automatic backwashing, and the water head of the surface layer of the filter material is used as backwashing water. There is no need to set up backwashing water tanks and power equipment, which reduces water resources and power consumption. the

(3) High resistance to hydraulic shock load and stable effluent quality. the

The device has a high impact resistance to hydraulic load. When the hydraulic load is low, the flow rate of the water is low, and the efficiency of swirl sand settling is low. The particulate matter is mainly removed by the sedimentation and filtration unit. When the hydraulic load is high, the The water flow rate is relatively high, and the efficiency of cyclone sand settling is high, and the particulate matter is mainly removed by the cyclone sand settling and filter unit. In addition, since the particulate matter is removed in different units, the removal load of the particulate matter in each unit is also greatly increased. the

The utility model can be widely used in the rainwater runoff of roofs, elevated roads, etc., and the purification of particulate matter in drainage pipes with large slopes. the

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described. the

Fig. 1 is a side view structural diagram of the utility model. the

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the perforated plate 1. the

Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of the structure of the perforated plate II. the

Fig. 4 is a schematic side view of the structure of the perforated plate III. the

Fig. 5 is a top view structural diagram of the utility model. the

Reference signs: 1-siphon pipe, 2-siphon cover, 3-filter material, 4-overflow weir, 5-filter outlet, 6-inlet pipe, 7-variable diameter sedimentation tank, 8-inclined baffle, 9- Sand collection area, 10-sand discharge pipe, 11-swirl sand chamber, 12-siphon outlet, 13-water seal tank, 14-drainage pipe, 15-perforated plate III, 16-perforated plate II, 17-perforated Plate I, 18-filter chamber shell, 19-filter chamber bottom plate, 20-filter tank, 21-siphon water inlet, 22-particle return hole, 23-strip hole, 24-circular permeable hole, 25-siphon tube perforation. the

Detailed ways

The embodiment is shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 5. This integrated purification device for particulate matter in rainwater and sewage is composed of three vertically superimposed arrangements of a swirl sand settling unit, a variable diameter sedimentation unit and an upflow filter unit; The swirling sand settling unit includes a swirling sand settling cylinder 11, a water inlet pipe 6, a sand discharge pipe 10, a siphon cover 2, a siphon pipe 1, a water seal tank 13, a drain pipe 14, a perforated plate I17, a perforated plate II16 and a perforated plate III15; The variable diameter sedimentation unit includes a variable diameter sedimentation tank 7;

The cyclone grit chamber 11 is located in the lower part of the device, and the variable diameter sedimentation tank 7 is set on the upper part of the cyclone grit chamber 11. The variable diameter sedimentation tank 7 is a funnel-shaped structure with a wide top and a narrow bottom, and the water inlet pipe 6 passes through it. The side wall of the variable-diameter sedimentation tank 7 communicates with the cyclone grit chamber 11 along the tangential direction, and the top of the cyclone grit chamber 11 is connected with the variable-diameter sedimentation tank 7 by the horizontally connected perforated plate I17 and the vertically connected perforated plate III15. The side wall of the flow grit chamber 11 is provided with a perforated plate II16 at the bottom of the variable diameter sedimentation tank 7, and the perforated plate II is provided with a particle return hole 22. The lower part of the swirl grit chamber 11 is a sand collection area 9, and the swirl grit chamber One side of the lower part of 11 is connected to the sand discharge pipe 10, and the other side is connected to the water seal tank 13, and the upper part of the water seal tank 13 is connected to the drain pipe 14. The inside of the swirling sand settling cylinder 11 is vertically provided with an L-shaped siphon tube 1, and the siphon tube at the bottom of the siphon tube 1 The water outlet 12 extends into the water seal tank 13 through the side wall of the swirl grit chamber 11, and the siphon water inlet 21 on the top of the siphon pipe 1 extends upward through the center of the perforated plate I17 into the siphon cover 2 located at the top of the device. It is connected to the center of the filter chamber bottom plate 19 on the top surface of the variable diameter sedimentation tank 7. The filter chamber bottom plate 19 is provided with a hole connecting the variable diameter sedimentation tank 7 and the filter tank 20. The filter tank 20 is located on the filter chamber bottom plate 19. The filter tank 20 The inside is filled with filter material 3, which is lightweight filter material such as ceramsite filter material, fiber filter material, natural mineral filter material, etc. The top edge of the filter 20 is provided with an overflow weir 4 higher than the filter material 3. A free water surface is left on the upper surface of the filter material 3. The height of the free water surface is 0.5 to 1.0 times that of the filter material layer. There is a water flow gap between the outer wall of the chamber shell 18, the outer wall of the filter tank 20 and the inner wall of the filter chamber shell 18, and the bottom of the filter chamber shell 18 is connected to the filtered water outlet 5. the

The lower part of the cyclone grit chamber 11 is provided with an inclined baffle 8 which is set on the siphon tube. The inclined baffle 8 is in the shape of a tray as a whole and has a perforation in the center. There is a gap between the perforation and the siphon tube 1 for particles to pass through. the

As shown in FIG. 2 , the perforated plate I17 is circular, with circular permeable holes 24 distributed on the plate surface, and a siphon perforation 25 in the center of the plate surface. the

As shown in FIG. 3 , the holes on the perforated plate III15 are vertical strip holes 23 . the

Referring to Fig. 4, the particle return hole 22 on the perforated plate II16 is triangular and saw-toothed. the

This integrated purification method for rainwater and particulate matter in sewage using an integrated purification device for particulate matter in rainwater and sewage has the following steps:

Step 1: Swirl sand settling, rainwater and sewage enter the swirl sand settling cylinder 11 tangentially through the water inlet pipe 6, and rely on the centrifugal force generated by the swirl to remove particles with larger particle sizes in the water body, and the settled particles fall into the In the sand collection area 9;

Step 2, sedimentation, the water from the cyclone grit chamber 11 enters the variable-diameter sedimentation tank 7 through the perforated plate I17 and the perforated plate III15, and the floating matter in the water body is intercepted by the perforated plate I17 and the perforated plate III15, and flows into the variable-diameter sedimentation tank 7 The rainwater and sewage gradually rise, the cross-sectional area of the water increases, and the flow rate decreases, further removing the particles with smaller particle sizes in the water body, and the precipitated particles fall into the cyclone grit chamber 11 through the particle return hole 22 on the perforated plate II16 In the sand collection area 9;

Step 3, filter the water, the outlet water from the variable diameter sedimentation tank 7 enters the filter tank 20 through the hole on the bottom plate 19 of the filter chamber, and further removes the particulate matter in the water body through the filtering effect of the filter material 3, and the filter tank 20 is discharged through the overflow weir 4, Finally, it is discharged from the filter water outlet 5 on the filter chamber shell 18;

Step 4, siphon negative pressure backwashing, with the increase of the filter material 3 to the water body resistance, the water level in the siphon cover 2 gradually rises, and finally enters from the siphon water inlet 21 of the siphon tube 1, so that a negative pressure appears in the siphon tube to form a siphon, At this time, the free water surface on the surface of the filter material 3 suddenly drops, and the filter material 3 is backwashed. When the water level in the filter tank 20 drops below the perforated plate III15, the siphon is broken, and the upflow filter unit enters the next operating cycle, and the siphon water passes through The siphon water outlet 12 is discharged into the water seal tank 13 , and then discharged through the drain pipe 14 , the particles discharged by backwashing fall into the sand collection area 9 of the cyclone grit chamber 11 , and the particles are finally discharged through the sand discharge pipe 10 .

Claims (7)

1. An integrated purification device for particulate matter in rainwater and sewage, characterized in that: it is composed of three parts of a vertically superimposed arrangement of a swirl grit settling unit, a variable diameter sedimentation unit and an upflow filter unit; the swirl flow grit settling unit Including cyclone grit chamber (11), water inlet pipe (6), sand discharge pipe (10), siphon cover (2), siphon pipe (1), water seal tank (13), drain pipe (14), perforated plate I (17), perforated plate II (16) and perforated plate III (15); the variable-diameter sedimentation unit includes a variable-diameter sedimentation tank (7); the upflow filter unit includes a filter housing (18), a filter chamber Bottom plate (19), filter tank (20), filter material (3) and filter water outlet (5); The cyclone grit chamber (11) is set in the lower part of the device, the variable diameter sedimentation tank (7) is set on the upper part of the cyclone grit chamber (11), and the variable diameter sedimentation tank (7) is a funnel with a wide top and a narrow bottom shaped structure, the water inlet pipe (6) passes through the side wall of the variable diameter sedimentation tank (7) and communicates with the cyclone grit chamber (11) in a tangential direction, and the top of the cyclone grit chamber (11) is connected horizontally by a perforated plate I ( 17) and the vertically connected perforated plate III (15) communicate with the variable-diameter sedimentation tank (7), and the side wall of the swirl grit chamber (11) is provided with a perforated plate II (16) at the bottom of the variable-diameter sedimentation tank (7). ), there is a particle return hole (22) on the perforated plate II, the lower part of the swirl grit chamber (11) is the sand collection area (9), and the lower side of the swirl grit chamber (11) is connected to the sand discharge pipe (10) , the other side is connected to the water seal tank (13), the upper part of the water seal tank (13) is connected to the drain pipe (14), and the inside of the cyclone grit chamber (11) is vertically provided with an L-shaped siphon tube (1), and the siphon tube (1) The lower siphon water outlet (12) extends into the water seal tank (13) through the side wall of the cyclone grit chamber (11), and the upper siphon water inlet (21) of the siphon pipe (1) goes upward through the center of the perforated plate I (17) It extends into the siphon cover (2) located on the upper part of the device. The bottom of the siphon cover is connected to the center of the filter chamber bottom plate (19) on the top surface of the variable diameter sedimentation tank (7). The filter chamber bottom plate (19) is provided with a connecting variable diameter The holes of the sedimentation tank (7) and the filter tank (20), the filter tank (20) is arranged on the bottom plate of the filter chamber (19), the filter tank (20) is filled with filter material (3), and the top edge of the filter tank (20) An overflow weir (4) higher than the filter material (3) is provided, a free water surface is left on the upper surface of the filter material (3), and the filter tank (20) is covered with a filter chamber shell (18) as a whole, and the filter tank (20) There is a water flow gap between the outer wall and the inner wall of the filter chamber shell (18), and the lower part of the filter chamber shell (18) is connected to the filtered water outlet (5). 2. The integrated purification device for particulate matter in rainwater and sewage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower part of the cyclone grit chamber (11) is provided with an inclined baffle (8) set on the siphon tube, and the inclined baffle The plate (8) is in the shape of a tray as a whole, with a perforation in the center, and there is a gap between the perforation and the siphon (1) for particles to pass through. 3. The integrated purification device for particulate matter in rainwater and sewage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the perforated plate I (17) is circular, and circular permeable holes (24) are distributed on the plate surface, and the plate surface The center has a siphon pipe perforation (25). 4. The integrated purification device for particulate matter in rainwater and sewage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the particulate matter return hole (22) on the perforated plate II (16) is triangular and saw-toothed. 5. The rainwater and sewage particulate matter integrated purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the holes on the perforated plate III (15) are vertical strip holes (23). 6. The rainwater and sewage particulate matter integrated purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the filter material (3) is ceramsite filter material, fiber filter material or natural mineral filter material. 7. The integrated purification device for particulate matter in rainwater and sewage according to claim 1, wherein the height of the free water surface is 0.5-1.0 times the height of the filter material.

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