CN202583915U - Breathing gas sampling standardization temperature control device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present utility model discloses a breathing gas sampling standardization temperature control device. The device comprises a one-chip microcomputer; a sealing chamber of a thermocouple I, a heatproof clay rod, a gas channel and an electrical heating wire are arranged on the middle part; the heatproof clay rod is arranged along an axis of the sealing chamber, the electrical heating wire is wound on the heatproof clay rod, the gas channel is wound outside the heatproof clay rod; an air inlet which is internally connected with one end of the gas channel and provided with a thermocouple II is arranged on the sealing chamber, an air inlet which is internally connected with the other end of the gas channel and provided with a thermocouple II is arranged on the sealing chamber; and thermocouple detection signals are input into the one-chip microcomputer. In the device, thermocouple temperature measuring is adopted to match the gas channel inside the sealing chamber, gas exhaled by a tested person can be heated with constant temperature, the temperature inside the sealing chamber can be controlled to control the final temperature of to-be-measured gas, accuracy of temperature control can be guaranteed, the device is good in real-time performance and controllability and can provide constant temperature measured gas for a biochemical sensor, and temperature conditions needed by reactions and result consistency can be guaranteed.

Description

Breathing gas standard for manual sampling temperature control equipment

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of Medical Devices, relates in particular to a kind of nothing wound lung cancer detection device based on biochemical sensor, is applied to collection of patient's breath and standardisation process.

Background technology

Lung cancer is one of modal malignant tumour in the world at present.Since nearly 30 years, although people are greatly improved to the diagnosis and the treatment of lung cancer, lung cancer is still the disease of serious threat health of people and life.How patients with lung cancer has belonged to middle and advanced stage when going to a doctor, loses the surgical engine meeting.Have data to show: the lung cancer of early diagnosis and therapy, its 5 years survival rates were increased to for 70% (I phase) by 20% (III phase), and are progressive very remarkable.Therefore the early diagnosis of lung cancer and people at highest risk's screening is the key that reduces mortality ratio.

The advantage that desirable early diagnosis instrument should have that susceptibility and specificity are all good, equipment is simple, easy to operate, repeatable, testing cost is low etc.The employed triage techniques of the examination of past lung cancer (especially in the people at highest risk) does not reduce the lung cancer mortality by the screening crowd like conventional X-ray, phlegm examination of castoff cells etc.Some new technologies and new method have appearred in recent years; Such as the computer-aided image analysis (computer-assisted image analysis of chestradiographs) of chest x-ray, based on polymerase chain reaction (polymerase chainreaction; PCR) phlegm inspection, fluorescence bronchoscope inspection (fluorescence bronchoscopy) and spiral CT (spiral CTscanning), positron emission imaging (positron emissiontomography; PET); And molecule damage check technology etc., be applied to the lung cancer early diagnosis and by stages, dynamic monitoring state of an illness aspect obtains certain progress, but because its expensive, method are complicated; Technical requirement is high, is difficult at present as conventional lung cancer early diagnosis and dynamic monitoring means.

Breathing gas diagnosis (breath test) changes through the human body breathing gas, and the cellular metabolism of reflection respective organization changes, and becomes a kind of diagnostic method that has development prospect gradually.The maximum difficulty of lung cancer detection is VOCS content little (being merely the PPb order of magnitude) in the lung cancer patient breath.Traditional chromatography of gases mass spectrometric hyphenated technique and titration or uv absorption colourimetry are limited by instrument and sense cycle, and application is very limited.With based on the similar biochemical sensor technology of the Electronic Nose of gas sensor because of it can be realized rapidly, continuously, online and in site measurement receives extensive concern.

In the nothing wound lung cancer breathing gas based on biochemical sensor detects, need gather and standardization patient's breath.This is because everyone breath temperature is different, and the essence of biochemical sensor reaction is exactly chemical reaction, according to Chemical Kinetics, and the temperature that reaction needed is certain, reaction at room temperature is obviously slower; And react environment temperature of living in when too high, then possibly cause the biochemical material in the biochemical sensor to decompose inactivation and loss of function.Simultaneously, if guarantee the specificity of biochemical sensor, also need working sensor in relative consistent temperature (being generally 60 degrees centigrade) to the tested object reaction result of difference.

The utility model content

To weak point of the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of can carry out real-time constant temperature heating to person's breath to be measured, guarantees the accurate relatively breathing gas standard for manual sampling temperature control equipment of tested gas temperature.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model has adopted following technical scheme:

Breathing gas standard for manual sampling temperature control equipment comprises temperature controller and single-chip microcomputer;

Said temperature controller comprises annular seal space and is arranged on heat-resisting clay rod, gas passage and the electrical heating wire in the annular seal space; Said annular seal space is cylindric, and heat-resisting clay rod is along the axis setting of annular seal space, and said electrical heating wire structure in the shape of a spiral is wrapped on the heat-resisting clay rod, said gas passage in the shape of a spiral structure outside heat-resisting clay rod and with the electrical heating wire clearance fit; One end of said annular seal space is provided with the air inlet that is communicated with in the end with gas passage, and the other end of said annular seal space is provided with the air outlet that is communicated with in the other end with gas passage; The middle part of said annular seal space is provided with the thermopair I of detected gas passage place environment temperature; Be provided with the thermopair II of the gas temperature that detects the input gas passage in the said air inlet, be provided with the thermopair III of the gas temperature that detects the output gas passage in the said air outlet;

The temperature signal input single-chip microcomputer that said thermopair I, thermopair II and thermopair III detect, said electrical heating wire is by Single-chip Controlling.

As a kind of preferred version of the utility model, said temperature controller is at least two or more, and two or more temperature controllers are connected successively.

As the another kind of preferred version of the utility model, said single-chip microcomputer adopts 16F877 single-chip microcomputer, 16F877 single-chip microcomputer and upper machine communication.

Compared with prior art, the breathing gas standard for manual sampling temperature control equipment of the utility model has following advantage:

1, the utility model adopts the built-in gas passage in thermocouple temperature measurement matched seal chamber, and testee's breath is carried out the constant temperature heating; Aspect temperature control, reach the finishing temperature of controlling gas to be measured through the temperature in the Single-chip Controlling annular seal space, guarantee temperature controlled accuracy.Simultaneously, this device real-time is good, and controllability is good, and can be follow-up biochemical sensor provides constant temperature tested gas, guarantees that it reacts temperature required condition and result's consistance.

2, this apparatus structure is simple, be prone to realize modularization, can be effectively and other part seamless connections work of breathing gas detection system, thus guarantee that stablizing of whole breathing gas detection system reaches quick test.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of single temperature controller;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of three temperature controller series connection;

Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of temperature control equipment;

Fig. 4 is monolithic processor controlled process flow diagram.

In the accompanying drawing: 1-temperature controller; 2-annular seal space; 3-heat-resisting clay rod; 4-gas passage; 5-electrical heating wire; 6-air inlet; 7-air outlet; 8-thermopair I; 9-thermopair II.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is done to describe in further detail.

As shown in Figure 1, breathing gas standard for manual sampling temperature control equipment comprises temperature controller 1 and single-chip microcomputer.Temperature controller 1 comprises annular seal space 2 and is arranged on heat-resisting clay rod 3, gas passage 4 and the electrical heating wire 5 in the annular seal space 2.Annular seal space 2 is cylindric, the 3 axis settings along annular seal space 2 of heat-resisting clay rod.Electrical heating wire 5 structure in the shape of a spiral is wrapped on the heat-resisting clay rod 3, and electrical heating wire 5 is as heat generating member, and electrical heating wire 5 adopts helical structure to carry out effectively evenly heating to the space in the annular seal space 2.Gas passage 4 in the shape of a spiral structure around heat-resisting clay rod 3 outer and with electrical heating wire 5 clearance fit, the gas passage 4 of helical structure is intended to prolong the gas heating distance, and with the heated air excellent contact, increase the gas heated time, the raising efficiency of heating surface; The gas passage 4 of this helical structure can also guarantee steady air current wherein, and the gas flow of stablizing at a slow speed is beneficial to gas temperature detection and control in real time, and the assurance temperature is controlled accurately.One end of annular seal space 2 is provided with the air inlet 6 that is communicated with in the end with gas passage 4, and the other end of annular seal space 2 is provided with the air outlet 7 that is communicated with in the other end with gas passage 4.The middle part of annular seal space 2 is provided with the thermopair I 8 of detected gas passage 4 place environment temperatures, is provided with the thermopair II 9 of the gas temperature that detects input gas passage 4 in the air inlet 6, is provided with the thermopair III of the gas temperature that detects output gas passage 4 in the air outlet 7.In the present embodiment; Thermopair I 8, thermopair II 9 and thermopair III all adopt nickel chromium triangle---Nickel-Silicom thermocouple; The temperature signal input single-chip microcomputer that thermopair I 8, thermopair II 9 and thermopair III detect; Electrical heating wire 5 is by Single-chip Controlling, and single-chip microcomputer adopts the 16F877 single-chip microcomputer, with the I/O mouth to controlling the heat time heating time of electrical heating wire 5.

Temperature controller 1 is at least two or more, and two or more temperature controllers 1 are connected successively.Present embodiment has adopted 1 series connection of three temperature controllers, and is as shown in Figure 2.Because gas flows; A heat treated is difficult to guarantee that gas temperature accurately reaches requirement; So adopt multistage temperature controller series connection; Promptly use a plurality of heating arrangements,, thereby guarantee the gas temperature that obtains at last the reference of the temperature of previous stage air outlet gas as back one-level temperature-adjusting heating device action.

Single-chip microcomputer adopts 16F877 single-chip microcomputer, 16F877 single-chip microcomputer and upper machine communication.Each temperature controller 1 works alone, and all adopts 16F877 Single-chip Controlling (promptly controlling based on the digital PID of PIC).The host computer that wherein communicates with PIC can be PC or ARM, adopts serial communication, and is as shown in Figure 3.Control section mainly contains load module, output module, single-chip microcomputer and host computer, and wherein the core that act as of single-chip microcomputer (being PIC) is controlled, and host computer is used to regulate the parameter of pid algorithm and the effect of temperature of reaction control in programmed control.Load module is mainly accomplished selection of temperature signal and conversion work, forms by temperature sensor and with the interface section of single-chip microcomputer.Adopt nickel chromium triangle---Nickel-Silicom thermocouple, it is very simple that temperature measuring circuit will become.Thermocouple structure is simple, can survey up to the high temperature more than 1000 ℃; The itself size is little, and dynamic response is fast, and voltage signal is convenient to transmit.The signal of thermopair output is given analog to digital converter, and the analog-to-digital conversion device links to each other with single-chip microcomputer, operation such as just can realize that temperature value reads.Output module is made up of optocoupler, N channel enhancement metal-oxide-semiconductor (it is as speed-sensitive switch) and related circuit.Optocoupler conducting when the I/O of single-chip microcomputer mouth is output as low level, metal-oxide-semiconductor is opened, control heating wire energising heating; Otherwise, optocoupler blocking-up when the I/O of single-chip microcomputer mouth is output as high level, control heating wire cut-off.

At first detect the gas temperature of air inlet, combining target temperature, heat interchange law calculate required temperature in the annular seal space.Adopt pid algorithm to carry out software control, through the communication of single-chip microcomputer and host computer, the monitoring temperature regulation quality, and accurately controlled through annular seal space adjustment in the parameter assurance real work that pid algorithm is set.By the heat interchange law; Can derive annular seal space temperature and be the function of gas to be heated in the inlet temperature

and the outlet temperature

of heating arrangement; Promptly can calculate the required annular seal space temperature of heats that will reach such by

and

, as shown in Figure 4.With the controlling object of annular seal space temperature

as the design.The design's control core is the 16F877 single-chip microcomputer; At first at regular intervals

and

sampled and change by " nickel chromium triangle---Nickel-Silicom thermocouple "; The actual theoretical temperatures

that is calculated annular seal space by and

is given single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer compares the temperature value of input and the given temperature value

of inner designating unit.if ; Then deviation ( ) is carried out computing, processing, obtain a regulated quantity according to the pid algorithm that designs.The regulated quantity here in fact corresponding heating source (electrical heating wire) time of opening or breaking off.Single-chip microcomputer sends host computer with

to through serial communication simultaneously; Dynamically displays temperature is controlled effect; Cooperate parameter---proportionality constant (Kp), integration constant (Ki) and the derivative constant (Kd) of adjustment pid algorithm, thereby guarantee thermoregulator quality.

Explanation is at last; Above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to the technical scheme of explanation the utility model; Although with reference to preferred embodiment the utility model is specified, those of ordinary skill in the art should be appreciated that and can make amendment or be equal to replacement the technical scheme of the utility model; And not breaking away from the aim and the scope of present technique scheme, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the utility model.

Claims (3)

1. breathing gas standard for manual sampling temperature control equipment is characterized in that: comprise temperature controller (1) and single-chip microcomputer;

Said temperature controller (1) comprises annular seal space (2) and is arranged on heat-resisting clay rod (3), gas passage (4) and the electrical heating wire (5) in the annular seal space (2); Said annular seal space (2) is cylindric; Heat-resisting clay rod (3) is along the axis setting of annular seal space (2); Said electrical heating wire (5) structure in the shape of a spiral is wrapped on the heat-resisting clay rod (3), said gas passage (4) in the shape of a spiral structure outside heat-resisting clay rod (3) and with electrical heating wire (5) clearance fit; One end of said annular seal space (2) be provided with and an end of gas passage (4) in the air inlet (6) that is communicated with, the other end of said annular seal space (2) is provided with and the interior air outlet (7) that is communicated with of the other end of gas passage (4); The middle part of said annular seal space (2) is provided with the thermopair I (8) of detected gas passage (4) place environment temperature; Be provided with the thermopair II (9) of the gas temperature that detects input gas passage (4) in the said air inlet (6), be provided with the thermopair III of the gas temperature that detects output gas passage (4) in the said air outlet (7);

The temperature signal input single-chip microcomputer that said thermopair I (8), thermopair II (9) and thermopair III detect, said electrical heating wire (5) is by Single-chip Controlling.

2. breathing gas standard for manual sampling temperature control equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said temperature controller (1) is at least two or more, and two or more temperature controllers (1) are connected successively.

3. breathing gas standard for manual sampling temperature control equipment according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: said single-chip microcomputer adopts 16F877 single-chip microcomputer, 16F877 single-chip microcomputer and upper machine communication.

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